Cooking MethodsCooking Methods

Chapter 9Chapter 9

Equipment for CookingEquipment for Cooking

Section 9.1Section 9.1

The RangeThe Range

Consists of a cooktop, an oven, and a broilerConsists of a cooktop, an oven, and a broiler Cooktops have dials or push button controlsCooktops have dials or push button controls Heating Units – energy sources in ranges used Heating Units – energy sources in ranges used

to heat foodto heat food Oven temperatures range from “warm” 200Oven temperatures range from “warm” 200°°F F

to “broil” 500to “broil” 500°°FF

RangesRanges

Gas ranges require both Gas ranges require both a gas line and 120-volt a gas line and 120-volt electrical circuitelectrical circuit

Electric ranges require Electric ranges require 240-volt electrical 240-volt electrical circuit. Can be glass-circuit. Can be glass-ceramic top or coilsceramic top or coils

FreestandingFreestanding

Have finished sides so Have finished sides so you can have them at you can have them at the end of a counterthe end of a counter

Look built-in when Look built-in when placed between countersplaced between counters

Most popular styleMost popular style

Slide-in RangesSlide-in Ranges

Slide-in ranges sit on Slide-in ranges sit on the floorthe floor

Available in gas or Available in gas or electricelectric

Some have a single Some have a single oven and some have oven and some have two ovenstwo ovens

Drop-in RangesDrop-in Ranges

Drop-in ranges sit on a Drop-in ranges sit on a cabinet basecabinet base

Available in gas or Available in gas or electricelectric

Some have a single Some have a single oven and some have oven and some have two ovenstwo ovens

Convection OvenConvection Oven

Convection cooking Convection cooking uses a stream of heated uses a stream of heated air to bake and roast air to bake and roast foodsfoods

Saves energy, reduces Saves energy, reduces cook time, and cook time, and promotes more even promotes more even cookingcooking

Built-insBuilt-ins

Separate cooktops and Separate cooktops and ovensovens

May be built into a wall May be built into a wall or a countertop or islandor a countertop or island

Separate units offer Separate units offer greater flexibiltygreater flexibilty

CleaningCleaning

Self-cleaning ovens – use very high Self-cleaning ovens – use very high temperatures to burn away spillstemperatures to burn away spills Consumer must wipe away a small amount of ashConsumer must wipe away a small amount of ash

Continuous cleaning ovens – have specially Continuous cleaning ovens – have specially coated wallscoated walls Food spills oxidize over time during normal Food spills oxidize over time during normal

operationoperation Cost less than self-cleaning ovens but some find Cost less than self-cleaning ovens but some find

them less effectivethem less effective

MicrowavesMicrowaves

Microwaves can defrost, cook, and reheat food in a Microwaves can defrost, cook, and reheat food in a fraction of the time required by conventional ovensfraction of the time required by conventional ovens

Saves 75% of the energy used by ovensSaves 75% of the energy used by ovens

Microwave StylesMicrowave Styles

Countertop microwaves are the most popular and Countertop microwaves are the most popular and offer the greatest featuresoffer the greatest features

Over-the-range microwaves – two typesOver-the-range microwaves – two types Type 1 - Above the stove with a light and a ventType 1 - Above the stove with a light and a vent Type 2 – The top half of a built-in oven unitType 2 – The top half of a built-in oven unit

Small AppliancesSmall Appliances

Toasters & Toaster OvensToasters & Toaster Ovens

Toaster – most common Toaster – most common kitchen appliancekitchen appliance Two or four slice modelsTwo or four slice models

Toaster ovens – bake or Toaster ovens – bake or broil small food itemsbroil small food items

Electric SkilletsElectric Skillets

Thermostat controls the Thermostat controls the temperature throughout temperature throughout the entire cooking the entire cooking processprocess

Skillet should have a Skillet should have a high dome lid to high dome lid to provide maximum provide maximum capacity and versatilitycapacity and versatility

Portable Electric BurnerPortable Electric Burner

Works like the cooktop on a rangeWorks like the cooktop on a range Popular in apartments and dorm roomsPopular in apartments and dorm rooms Use with caution to avoid firesUse with caution to avoid fires

Slow CookersSlow Cookers

Versatile, timesaving Versatile, timesaving appliancesappliances

Combine ingredients in Combine ingredients in the morning and the the morning and the meal is done in the meal is done in the eveningevening

Two heat setting, high Two heat setting, high and low, some have a and low, some have a warm settingwarm setting

Broiler/GrillBroiler/Grill

A small, portable A small, portable electric grill used to electric grill used to broil or grill food broil or grill food indoorsindoors

Rice Cooker/SteamerRice Cooker/Steamer

Used to cook large Used to cook large quantities of rice or to quantities of rice or to steam vegetablessteam vegetables

Controlled heat cooks Controlled heat cooks all types of rice all types of rice perfectlyperfectly

CookwareCookware

CookwareCookware

Equipment for cooking on top of the rangeEquipment for cooking on top of the range

Available in a variety of materialsAvailable in a variety of materials

As a general rule all cookware should be As a general rule all cookware should be washed in hot soapy waterwashed in hot soapy water

SaucepansSaucepans

One long handle and One long handle and often come with a coveroften come with a cover

Sizes range from ½ Sizes range from ½ quart to 4 quartsquart to 4 quarts

Usually made of metal Usually made of metal or heat proof glassor heat proof glass

PotsPots

Larger and heavier than Larger and heavier than saucepanssaucepans

Sizes range from 3 Sizes range from 3 quarts to 20 quartsquarts to 20 quarts

Has two small handles, Has two small handles, one on each sideone on each side

Most pots come with Most pots come with coverscovers

SkilletsSkillets

Used for browning and Used for browning and frying foodsfrying foods

Sometimes called Sometimes called “frying pans”“frying pans”

Vary in sizeVary in size

Often have a matching Often have a matching covercover

Double BoilerDouble Boiler

Consists of two Consists of two saucepans and a coversaucepans and a cover A smaller one fitting in a A smaller one fitting in a

larger onelarger one

Boiling water in the Boiling water in the bottom pan gently heats bottom pan gently heats food in the top panfood in the top pan

Dutch OvenDutch Oven

A heavy gauge pot with A heavy gauge pot with close fitting coverclose fitting cover

May be used on the May be used on the range or in the ovenrange or in the oven

May come with a rack May come with a rack to keep meat and to keep meat and poultry from sticking to poultry from sticking to the bottomthe bottom

SteamerSteamer

Basketlike container Basketlike container that is placed inside a that is placed inside a saucepan containing a saucepan containing a small amount of boiling small amount of boiling waterwater

Holes in the steamer Holes in the steamer allow steam to pass allow steam to pass through and cook foodthrough and cook food

Pressure CookerPressure Cooker

Heavy pot that has a Heavy pot that has a locked-on cover and a locked-on cover and a steam gaugesteam gauge

Steam builds up inside Steam builds up inside the pot, causing very the pot, causing very high cooking high cooking temperatures that cooks temperatures that cooks food more quicklyfood more quickly

BakewareBakeware

BakewareBakeware

Consists of pans of different sizes and shapesConsists of pans of different sizes and shapes

Light-colored pans transfer oven heat quickly and Light-colored pans transfer oven heat quickly and give baked products a light, delicate crustgive baked products a light, delicate crust

Dark pans absorb heat and produce thick brown Dark pans absorb heat and produce thick brown crustscrusts

Glass pans absorb more heat than metal pansGlass pans absorb more heat than metal pans Reduce oven temperature by 25Reduce oven temperature by 25°°FF

Loaf PanLoaf Pan

Deep, narrow, Deep, narrow, rectangular panrectangular pan

Used for baking breads Used for baking breads and meatloafand meatloaf

Cookie SheetCookie Sheet

Flat, rectangular panFlat, rectangular pan

Designed for baking Designed for baking cookies and biscuitscookies and biscuits

Has 2 – 3 open sideHas 2 – 3 open side

Baking SheetBaking Sheet

Similar to a cookie Similar to a cookie sheetsheet

4 shallow sides4 shallow sides About 1 inch deepAbout 1 inch deep

Used for sheet cakes, Used for sheet cakes, pizza, chicken pieces, pizza, chicken pieces, and fishand fish

Cake PanCake Pan

Available in assorted Available in assorted sizes and shapessizes and shapes

Assorted materialsAssorted materials Dark, non-stickDark, non-stick GlassGlass Light-coloredLight-colored DisposableDisposable

Tube PanTube Pan

Variation on the Variation on the standard cake panstandard cake pan

Central tube to help trap Central tube to help trap added airadded air

Used for angel food, Used for angel food, sponge, and chiffon sponge, and chiffon cakescakes

Pie PansPie Pans

Shallow, round pans Shallow, round pans with slanted sideswith slanted sides

Used for pies, tarts, and Used for pies, tarts, and quichesquiches

Muffin PanMuffin Pan

Used for baking muffinsUsed for baking muffins

Available in 6 and 12 Available in 6 and 12 cup capacitiescup capacities

Roasting PanRoasting Pan

Large, heavy duty panLarge, heavy duty pan

Oval or rectangular in Oval or rectangular in shapeshape

Used for roasting meats Used for roasting meats and poultryand poultry

May be covered or May be covered or uncovereduncovered

CasseroleCasserole

A covered or uncovered A covered or uncovered panpan

Used for baking and Used for baking and serving main dishes and serving main dishes and dessertsdesserts

Various sizes availableVarious sizes available

Aluminum Foil PansAluminum Foil Pans

Disposable pan made of Disposable pan made of foilfoil

Useful for special, one Useful for special, one time occasionstime occasions FuneralsFunerals PicnicsPicnics HousewarmingHousewarming

Can be recycledCan be recycled

Cooking ToolsCooking Tools

TurnerTurner

Used to lift and turn flat Used to lift and turn flat foodsfoods HamburgersHamburgers PancakesPancakes eggseggs

TongsTongs

Used to grip and lift hot Used to grip and lift hot bulky foodsbulky foods Broccoli spearsBroccoli spears RibsRibs

Basting SpoonBasting Spoon

Used to stir and baste Used to stir and baste foods during cookingfoods during cooking

BasterBaster

A long tube with a bulb A long tube with a bulb on the endon the end

Used for suctioning up Used for suctioning up juices for bastingjuices for basting

LadleLadle

Has a small bowl and Has a small bowl and long handlelong handle

Used for dipping hot Used for dipping hot liquids from panliquids from pan

Pastry BrushPastry Brush

Used to brush hot foodsUsed to brush hot foods

Used to brush pastries Used to brush pastries with glaze or egg washwith glaze or egg wash

SkewersSkewers

Long rods made of Long rods made of metal or bamboo with metal or bamboo with one end pointedone end pointed

Pieces of food are Pieces of food are threaded onto the threaded onto the skewers for cooking or skewers for cooking or servingserving

Oven ThermometerOven Thermometer

Used to measure the Used to measure the internal temperature of internal temperature of meat and poultrymeat and poultry

Cannot be used with Cannot be used with thin food or in a thin food or in a microwavemicrowave

Available in digital and Available in digital and analoganalog

Instant-read ThermometerInstant-read Thermometer

Used to measure the Used to measure the internal temperature of internal temperature of food at the end of food at the end of cookingcooking

Cannot be used while Cannot be used while food is cooking in the food is cooking in the ovenoven

Available in digital and Available in digital and analoganalog

Wire Cooling RackWire Cooling Rack

Used for holding baked Used for holding baked goods during coolinggoods during cooling

Used to hold hot pans Used to hold hot pans when they are removed when they are removed from the heatfrom the heat

Potholders and Oven MittsPotholders and Oven Mitts

Thick cloth pads used to Thick cloth pads used to protect hands while protect hands while handling hot containershandling hot containers