COORDINATED RESEARCH ACTIVITIES -...

COORDINATED RESEARCH ACTIVITIESAnnual Report and Statistics for 2014 - Supplement

Uniting the World Through Research

Coordinated Research Activities Annual Report and Statistics for 2014

Supplement The supplement of the Coordinated Research Activities Annual Report and Statistics for 2014 contains detailed information on CRPs by programme and status, on CRA Budget and Research Coordination Meetings.

Table of Contents

A. Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) by programme and status

I. Introduction

II. Active Coordinated Research Projects at End 2014

III. CRPs Approved but Not Yet Initiated at End 2014

IV. 2014 Evaluated Coordinated Research Projects after Completion - Index

V. 2014 Evaluated Coordinated Research Projects after Completion

B. Coordinated Research Activities Budget in 2014

I. Introduction

II. Summary of Funds Obligated (in Euro) by Programme in 2014

III. Distribution of Total 2014 Funds Obligated by IAEA Projects

IV. Total Number of Contracts Awarded and Fund Obligated in 2014 per Country inEuro

V. Extrabudgetary Funding in 2014

C. Research Coordination Meetings in 2014

I. Introduction

II. Research Coordination Meetings Held in 2014 by Subprogramme

III. Research Coordination Meetings Held in 2014 by Country

D. IAEA 2014 Programme/Subprogramme and Corresponding CRP Codes

2416/D/Rev.1

International Atomic Energy Agency

5

5

7

23

25

104

27

104

105

106

111

116

118

118

119

126

127

3

4

A. Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) by programme and status

A. I. Introduction

The active Coordinated Research Activities reported in this document are conducted in support of the following IAEA programmes and sub-programmes.

Programmes/Sub-programmes No. of Active CRPs*

Major Programme 1: Nuclear Power, Fuel Cycle and Nuclear Science 46

Programme 1.1 Nuclear Power 13

Programme 1.2 Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Technologies 4

Programme 1.3 Capacity Building and Nuclear Knowledge Maintenance for Sustainable Energy Development 4

Programme 1.4 Nuclear Science 25

Major Programme 2: Nuclear Techniques for Development and Environmental Protection 76

Programme 2.1 Food and Agriculture 27

Programme 2.2 Human Health 31

Programme 2.3 Water Resources 6

Programme 2.4 Environment 2

Programme 2.5 Radioisotope Production and Radiation Technology 10

Major Programme 3: Nuclear Safety and Security 5

Programme 3.2 Safety of Nuclear Installations 1

Programme 3.4 Management of Radioactive Waste 2

Programme 3.5 Nuclear Security 2

*the total number of active CRPs at the end of 2014 is 125, which slightly differs with the total number listed by sub-programme (127), as 2 CRPs have cross-cutting activities under 2 different sub-programmes.

Most of the Coordinated Research Activities are carried out via Coordinated Research Projects

(CRPs) which bring together research institutes in both developing and developed Member States to

collaborate on research topics of common interest. At the end of 2014, work was being carried out on

125 CRPs. The list of these active CRPs at the end of 2014 can be found in Chapter A.II. An

additional 24 CRPs had been approved, but were not yet initiated. A list of these CRPs can be found

in Chapter A.III.

Coordinated Research Projects must be fully evaluated within one year after their completion. 25

CRPs were evaluated in 2014 after their completion. A list of these CRPs is included in the Chapter

A.IV. It is followed by the CRP detailed reports on the outputs, impact, and relevance of these

evaluated CRPs (Chapter A.V).

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Results of the research are available to all Member States and are disseminated through national,

international and IAEA scientific and technical publications, contribution to international conferences,

as well as various scientific databases and websites.

The Coordinated Research Activities are complementary to the IAEA’s Technical Cooperation

Projects, with the knowledge gained via coordinated research used to enhance the quality of Technical

Cooperation Projects. Some research results are directly relevant to Technical Cooperation Projects

and lead to successful implementation of these projects, while some Technical Projects lead to

participation in Coordinated Research Activities. In addition, CRPs and TC Projects may also be

carried out simultaneously.

In terms of benefits to Member States through their participating research institutes, number of awards

and degree of funding, the Coordinated Research Activities constitute a significant component of the

IAEA’s overall programme.

The Programme/Subprogrammes and the Corresponding CRP Codes are listed in Part D.

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1.1 Nuclear Power

1.1.1 Strengthening Integrated Engineering Support for Nuclear Power Programmes

I21021 Continued Operations Beyond 60 Years in Nuclear Power Plants

Duration: 2011-11-11 to 2015-11-11 Officer: KANG, Ki-Sig 2nd Officer: VINCZE, Pal

Contracts: 2 Pakistan, Romania

Agreements: 18 Argentina, Canada, China, Czech Republic(2), France(2), Hungary(2), Japan(2), Korea - Republic of, Slovakia, United Kingdom, United States of America(4)

I21022 Review and Benchmark of Calculation Methods on Piping Wall Thinning due to Erosion-corrosion in Nuclear Power PlantsDuration: 2011-11-11 to 2015-11-11 Officer: MOORE, John Henry 2nd Officer: KANG, Ki-Sig

Contracts: 1 China

Agreements: 15 Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United States of America

I31028 Application of Wireless Technologies in Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation and Control Systems

Duration: 2014-12-12 to 2018-12-11 Officer: EILER, Janos 2nd Officer: ZAHID, Muhammad

Contracts: 0

Agreements: 16 Canada, China(2), Egypt, France, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Pakistan, Russian Federation, United States of America(4)

1.1.5 Technology Development for Advanced Reactor Lines

I31019 Improved Understanding of the Irradiation Creep Behaviour of Nuclear Graphite

Duration: 2009-11-06 to 2015-09-15 Officer: REITSMA, Frederik 2nd Officer: MONTI, Stefano

Contracts: 4 China(2), South Africa, Ukraine

Agreements: 7 Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands, South Africa, United Kingdom(2), United States of America

I31020 HTGR Reactor Physics, Thermal-Hydraulics and Depletion Uncertainty Analysis


Contracts: 4 China, Russian Federation, South Africa, United States of America

Agreements: 5 Germany, Korea - Republic of, Poland, United States of America(2)

I31021 Benchmark Analysis of an EBR-II Shutdown Heat Removal Test

Duration: 2012-05-23 to 2016-05-23 Officer: MONTI, Stefano 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

Contracts: 4 China(3), India

Agreements: 18 France, Germany(2), Italy(3), Japan(3), Korea - Republic of(2), Netherlands, Russian Federation(2), Switzerland, United States of America(3)

I31022 Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Codes for Nuclear Power Plant Design

Duration: 2013-02-22 to 2017-02-22 Officer: HARPER, Mark J. 2nd Officer: MONTI, Stefano

Contracts: 3 China, India, Switzerland

Agreements: 11 Algeria, Canada, France(2), Germany, Italy, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation(2), United States of America(2)

I31023 Prediction of Axial and Radial Creep in Pressure Tubes

Duration: 2012-10-30 to 2016-10-30 Officer: KRAUSE, Matthias 2nd Officer: MONTI, Stefano

Contracts: 2 India, Romania

Agreements: 3 Argentina, Canada, Korea - Republic of

I31024 Sodium Properties and Safe Operation of Experimental Facilities in Support of the Development and Deployment of Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (NAPRO)Duration: 2013-09-05 to 2017-09-05 Officer: MONTI, Stefano 2nd Officer: KOSHY, Thomas

Contracts: 3 Argentina, China, India

Agreements: 7 France, Germany(2), Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands, Russian Federation

Research Contracts System

A.II. Active Coordinated Research Projects at End 2014

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I31025 Understanding and Prediction of Thermal Hydraulics Phenomena Relevant to Supercritical Water Cooled ReactorsDuration: 2014-06-19 to 2018-06-19 Officer: YAMADA, Katsumi 2nd Officer: HARPER, Mark J.

Contracts: 2 China(2)

Agreements: 10 Canada(2), Germany, Hungary, India, Italy, Russian Federation, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States of America

I31026 Modular High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor Safety Design


Contracts: 3 Germany, Indonesia, Kazakhstan

Agreements: 5 China, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of, United States of America

I35004 Examining the Techno-Economics of Nuclear Hydrogen Production and Benchmark Analysis of the IAEA HEEP SoftwareDuration: 2012-09-12 to 2015-09-12 Officer: KHAMIS, Ibrahim 2nd Officer: MONTI, Stefano

Contracts: 6 Algeria, Argentina, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan

Agreements: 5 Canada, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of(2)

I35005 Application of Advanced Low Temperature Desalination Systems to Support Nuclear Power Plants and Non-Electric ApplicationsDuration: 2014-09-05 to 2017-09-05 Officer: KHAMIS, Ibrahim 2nd Officer: MONTI, Stefano

Contracts: 7 Argentina, China, Cuba, Jordan, Poland(2), Syrian Arab Republic

Agreements: 2 Canada, India

1.2 Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Technologies

1.2.2 Nuclear Power Reactor Fuel

F11014 Benchmarking of Structural Materials Pre-selected for Advanced Nuclear Reactors.

Duration: 2011-04-19 to 2014-05-31 Officer: INOZEMTSEV, Victor 2nd Officer: ZEMAN, Andrej

Contracts: 4 China, Romania, Russian Federation, Ukraine

Agreements: 16 Australia, Czech Republic, Germany(2), India, Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands(2), Russian Federation(2), Slovakia, Spain, United States of America(2)

T12025 Evaluation of Conditions for Hydrogen-Induced Degradation of Zirconium Alloys during Fuel Operation and StorageDuration: 2011-07-05 to 2015-07-04 Officer: INOZEMTSEV, Victor 2nd Officer: WOODS, Peter

Contracts: 6 Argentina, Canada, Lithuania, Pakistan, Romania, Ukraine

Agreements: 9 Brazil, Canada, Germany, India, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation, Sweden, Switzerland

T12027 Reliability of High Power, Extended Burnup and Advanced PHWR Fuels

Duration: 2014-05-08 to 2017-05-08 Officer: BASAK, Uddharan 2nd Officer: INOZEMTSEV, Victor

Contracts: 3 Argentina, Indonesia, Romania

Agreements: 3 Canada, India, Korea - Republic of

T12028 Fuel Modelling in Accident Conditions (FUMAC)

Duration: 2014-05-08 to 2018-05-08 Officer: INOZEMTSEV, Victor 2nd Officer: KILLEEN, John

Contracts: 3 Argentina, Bulgaria, China

Agreements: 24 Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, China(2), Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany(2), Hungary, Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Norway, Russian Federation(2), Spain, Sweden, Ukraine(2), United States of America(3)



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1.3 Capacity Building and Nuclear Knowledge Maintenance for Sustainable Energy Development

1.3.2 Energy Economy Environment (3E) Analysis

I11006 Assessing Interdependencies between Energy, Water, Land-use and Climate Change

Duration: 2011-12-13 to 2014-12-12 Officer: ALFSTAD, Thomas 2nd Officer: TOTH, Ferenc L.

Contracts: 7 Brazil, Cuba, India, Lithuania, South Africa, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand

Agreements: 3 Australia, Germany, Mauritius

I11007 Techno-economic Evaluation of Options for Adapting Nuclear and other Energy Infrastructure to Long-term Climate Change and Extreme WeatherDuration: 2012-12-13 to 2015-12-13 Officer: STANKEVICIUTE, Loreta 2nd Officer: TOTH, Ferenc L.

Contracts: 8 Argentina, China, Cuba, Egypt, Ghana, Pakistan, Slovenia, Sudan

Agreements: 0

I11008 Financing Nuclear Investments

Duration: 2013-09-05 to 2016-09-05 Officer: WARREN, Paul 2nd Officer: TOTH, Ferenc L.

Contracts: 11 Bulgaria, Chile, China, Croatia, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Pakistan, Uruguay(2), Viet Nam

Agreements: 2 Australia, South Africa

I12005 Assessing the National and Regional Economic and Social Effects of Nuclear Programmes

Duration: 2014-09-05 to 2017-09-05 Officer: ALEXEEVA, Victoria 2nd Officer: WARREN, Paul

Contracts: 12 Croatia, Indonesia(2), Jordan, Korea - Republic of, Malaysia, Poland, South Africa, Tunisia, Uganda, Uruguay, Viet Nam

Agreements: 2 Germany, United States of America

1.4 Nuclear Science

1.4.1 Atomic and Nuclear Data

F41027 Spectroscopic and Collisional Data for Tungsten from 1 eV to 20 keV

Duration: 2010-04-26 to 2015-04-26 Officer: BRAAMS, Bastiaan Johan 2nd Officer: CHUNG, Hyun Kyung

Contracts: 2 India, Russian Federation

Agreements: 15 China, France, Germany, Israel, Japan(3), Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation(3), United Kingdom, United States of America(3)

F41028 Development of a Reference Database for Particle-Induced Gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) Spectroscopy

Duration: 2011-02-07 to 2015-02-08 Officer: DIMITRIOU, Paraskevi 2nd Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario

Contracts: 6 Croatia, Greece, Hungary, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Portugal, Ukraine

Agreements: 6 Belgium, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain

F41029 Nuclear Data for Charged-particle Monitor Reactions and Medical Isotope Production

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2016-07-09 Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario 2nd Officer: TRKOV, Andrej

Contracts: 7 Brazil, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Pakistan, Romania, Russian Federation

Agreements: 8 Australia, Belgium, France, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of, United States of America(2)

F41030 Reference Database for Beta-Delayed Neutron Emission Evaluation

Duration: 2013-02-22 to 2017-02-21 Officer: DIMITRIOU, Paraskevi 2nd Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario

Contracts: 3 China, Croatia, India

Agreements: 9 Canada, France, Japan(2), Russian Federation, Spain(2), United Kingdom, United States of America



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F41031 Testing and Improving the IAEA International Reactor Dosimetry and Fusion File (IRDFF)

Duration: 2013-02-22 to 2017-02-22 Officer: SIMAKOV, Stanislav 2nd Officer: CAPOTE NOY, Roberto Mario

Contracts: 4 Czech Republic, Russian Federation, Slovenia, South Africa

Agreements: 10 Belgium, France(2), Italy(2), Japan(2), United States of America(3)

F43018 Light Element Atom, Molecule and Radical Behaviour in the Divertor and Edge Plasma Regions


Contracts: 3 China(2), The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia

Agreements: 10 Australia, Belgium, France(2), Japan, Romania, Spain, Sweden, United States of America(2)

F43019 Atomic and Molecular Data for State-resolved Modelling of Hydrogen and Helium and their Isotopes in Fusion Plasma Duration: 2011-02-22 to 2015-02-21 Officer: BRAAMS, Bastiaan Johan 2nd Officer: CHUNG, Hyun Kyung

Contracts: 1 Cameroon

Agreements: 12 Belgium, China, France, Germany(2), Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of, United States of America(4)

F43020 Data for Erosion and Tritium Retention in Beryllium Plasma-facing Materials


Contracts: 0

Agreements: 7 Austria, Finland, Germany(2), Japan, Russian Federation, United States of America

F43021 Plasma-Wall Interaction with Irradiated Tungsten and Tungsten Alloys in Fusion Devices


Contracts: 0

Agreements: 19 China(3), France(2), Germany(2), India, Japan(3), Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation(2), Slovenia, United Kingdom, United States of America(3)

F43022 Plasma–Wall Interaction with Reduced Activation Steel Surfaces in Fusion Devices


Contracts: 0

Agreements: 5 China, Germany, Japan, Russian Federation, United States of America

F44003 Primary Radiation Damage Cross Sections

Duration: 2013-05-03 to 2017-05-02 Officer: SIMAKOV, Stanislav 2nd Officer: FORREST, Robin A.

Contracts: 1 Ukraine

Agreements: 18 Belgium, China, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands, Russian Federation, Spain(3), Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America(4)

1.4.2 Research Reactors

F12025 Development of an Integrated Approach to Routine Automation of Neutron Activation Analysis

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2016-07-09 Officer: RIDIKAS, Danas 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 14 Algeria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, China, Egypt, Indonesia, Jamaica, Malaysia, Morocco, Peru, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Syrian Arab Republic

Agreements: 5 Australia, Canada, Japan, Netherlands, United States of America

T34001 Improved Instrumentation and Control (I&C) Maintenance Techniques for Research Reactors using the Plant ComputerDuration: 2012-10-30 to 2015-10-30 Officer: MORRIS, Charles R 2nd Officer: ADELFANG, Pablo

Contracts: 7 Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia, South Africa

Agreements: 8 Greece, India, Italy, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation, United States of America(3)



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T34002 Establishment of Material Properties Database for Irradiated Core Structural Components for Continued Safe Operation and Lifetime Extension of Ageing Research ReactorsDuration: 2013-07-03 to 2016-07-03 Officer: MORRIS, Charles R 2nd Officer: RAO, Deshraju

Venkat H.

Contracts: 5 Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Indonesia, South Africa

Agreements: 8 Australia, Brazil, Czech Republic, India, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands, United States of America

1.4.3 Accelerator Applications and Nuclear Instrumentation

F11014 Benchmarking of Structural Materials Pre-selected for Advanced Nuclear Reactors.

Duration: 2011-04-19 to 2014-05-31 Officer: INOZEMTSEV, Victor 2nd Officer: ZEMAN, Andrej

Contracts: 4 China, Romania, Russian Federation, Ukraine

Agreements: 16 Australia, Czech Republic, Germany(2), India, Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands(2), Russian Federation(2), Slovakia, Spain, United States of America(2)

F11015 Applications of Synchrotron Radiation for Environmental Sciences and Materials Research for Development of Environmentally Friendly Resources Duration: 2012-02-10 to 2016-02-09 Officer: GONZALEZ DE VICENTE,

Sehila Maria2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 7 China, Jordan, Mexico, Mongolia, Slovenia, South Africa, Ukraine

Agreements: 4 Belgium, Canada, France, Italy

F11016 Utilization of Ion Accelerators for Studying and Modelling of Radiation Induced Defects in Semiconductors and InsulatorsDuration: 2011-12-14 to 2015-12-13 Officer: SIMON, Aliz 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 6 Brazil, Croatia, India, Malaysia, Singapore(2)

Agreements: 9 Australia, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan(2), Spain, United Kingdom, United States of America

F11019 Development of Molecular Concentration Mapping Techniques Using MeV Focussed Ion Beams

Duration: 2014-04-04 to 2018-04-04 Officer: SIMON, Aliz 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Brazil, Croatia, Portugal, Slovenia, South Africa, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand

Agreements: 9 Australia, Finland(2), Italy, Japan, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom(2)

F12024 Utilisation of Accelerator-Based Real-time Methods in the Investigation of Materials with High Technological ImportanceDuration: 2012-03-28 to 2016-03-28 Officer: SIMON, Aliz 2nd Officer:

Contracts: 9 Algeria, Argentina, Croatia, India, Serbia, South Africa, Thailand, Ukraine, Viet Nam

Agreements: 10 Australia, Canada, Greece, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Spain, United States of America

F12026 Advanced Moderators for Intense Cold Neutron Beams in Materials Research

Duration: 2014-02-13 to 2018-02-13 Officer: GONZALEZ DE VICENTE, Sehila Maria

2nd Officer: RIDIKAS, Danas

Contracts: 5 Argentina, Hungary, Malaysia, Russian Federation, South Africa

Agreements: 8 Australia, Denmark, India, Japan, Sweden, United States of America(3)

G42004 Improvement of Portable Instruments and Analytical Techniques for in Situ Applications

Duration: 2011-07-15 to 2015-07-14 Officer: PADILLA ALVAREZ, Roman 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 6 Argentina, Cuba, Egypt, Lebanon, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand

Agreements: 5 Belgium, Cuba, Italy(2), Jamaica

G42005 Experiments with Synchrotron Radiation for Modern Environmental and Industrial Applications

Duration: 2014-04-04 to 2018-04-14 Officer: KARYDAS, Andreas Germanos 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 10 Argentina, Croatia, Greece, India(2), Indonesia, Jordan, Poland, Slovenia, Thailand

Agreements: 8 Australia, Austria, Germany, Italy(2), Spain, United Arab Emirates, United States of America



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1.4.4 Nuclear Fusion Research

F13013 Investigations on Materials under High Repetition and Intense Fusion Pulses

Duration: 2011-11-11 to 2015-11-10 Officer: KAMENDJE, Richard 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 13 Chile, Czech Republic, Estonia, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Poland(2), Russian Federation(3), Singapore, Ukraine

Agreements: 5 Bulgaria, Germany, India, Italy, Netherlands

F13014 Utilization of the Network of Small Magnetic Confinement Fusion Devices for Mainstream Fusion ResearchDuration: 2011-11-18 to 2015-11-17 Officer: KAMENDJE, Richard 2nd Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

Contracts: 11 Bulgaria, China, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Pakistan, Russian Federation(2), Ukraine

Agreements: 6 Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Portugal, United Kingdom(2)

F13015 Conceptual Development of Steady-state Compact Fusion Neutron Sources

Duration: 2012-06-25 to 2016-06-25 Officer: GONZALEZ DE VICENTE, Sehila Maria

2nd Officer: KAMENDJE, Richard

Contracts: 6 China, Latvia, Poland, Russian Federation(2), Ukraine

Agreements: 6 Russian Federation, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America(3)

2.1 Food and Agriculture

2.1.1 Sustainable Land and Water Management

D12012 Optimizing Soil, Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Integrated Cropping-Livestock Production Systems Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2018-06-03 Officer: SAKADEVAN, Karuppan 2nd Officer: HENG, LEE KHENG

Contracts: 9 Argentina, Brazil(2), China, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Uganda, Uruguay

Agreements: 3 France, Nigeria, United States of America

D12013 Landscape Salinity and Water Management for Improving Agricultural Productivity

Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2018-06-03 Officer: HENG, LEE KHENG 2nd Officer: SAKADEVAN, Karuppan

Contracts: 9 Bangladesh, China(2), Czech Republic, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Pakistan, United States of America, Viet Nam(2)

Agreements: 4 Australia, Germany, Spain, United States of America

D15012 Soil Quality and Nutrient Management for Sustainable Food Production in Mulch-based Cropping Systems in Sub-Saharan AfricaDuration: 2011-11-18 to 2016-11-17 Officer: ZAMAN, Mohammad 2nd Officer: DERCON, Gerd

Contracts: 11 Benin, China(2), Czech Republic, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Pakistan, United Kingdom, Zimbabwe

Agreements: 5 Austria, Belgium, Kenya, New Zealand, United States of America

D15013 Approaches to Improvement of Crop Genotypes with High Water and Nutrient use Efficiency for Water Scarce Environments Duration: 2011-11-01 to 2016-11-01 Officer: SAKADEVAN, Karuppan 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean

Laurent

Contracts: 12 Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia(2), Mexico, Pakistan, Peru(2), Uganda, Viet Nam

Agreements: 1 South Africa

D15015 Response to Nuclear Emergencies Affecting Food and Agriculture

Duration: 2013-09-13 to 2018-09-13 Officer: DERCON, Gerd 2nd Officer: HENG, LEE KHENG

Contracts: 7 China, France, Morocco, Russian Federation, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia(2), Ukraine

Agreements: 4 Belgium, India, Japan(2)



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D15016 Minimizing Farming Impacts on Climate Change by Enhancing Carbon and Nitrogen Capture and Storage in Agro-EcosystemsDuration: 2014-09-12 to 2019-09-11 Officer: ZAMAN, Mohammad 2nd Officer: HENG, LEE KHENG

Contracts: 8 Brazil, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Ethiopia, Germany, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Pakistan

Agreements: 2 Estonia, Spain

D24012 Enhancing the Efficiency of Induced Mutagenesis through an Integrated Biotechnology Pipeline

Duration: 2009-02-04 to 2014-05-20 Officer: TILL, Bradley John 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean Laurent

Contracts: 7 Austria, China, Cuba, Ghana, Poland, Sierra Leone, Viet Nam

Agreements: 5 Austria, Denmark, Germany, United States of America(2)

D24013 Isolation and Characterization of Genes Involved in Mutagenesis of Crop Plants

Duration: 2009-05-12 to 2014-05-10 Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean Laurent 2nd Officer: NIELEN, Stephan

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Bulgaria, China(2), India, Korea - Republic of, Poland, Portugal

Agreements: 3 Germany, United States of America(2)

2.1.2 Sustainable Intensification of Livestock Production Systems

D31026 Genetic Variation on the Control of Resistance to Infectious Diseases in Small Ruminants for Improving Animal ProductivityDuration: 2010-06-11 to 2015-12-31 Officer: SHAMSUDDIN, Mohammed 2nd Officer: PERIASAMY,

Kathiravan

Contracts: 17 Argentina, Bangladesh(2), Brazil, Burkina Faso, Canada, China, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, United States of America

Agreements: 5 Brazil, Italy, Kenya, United Kingdom, United States of America

D31027 The Use of Enzymes and Nuclear Technologies to Improve the Utilization of Fibrous Feeds and Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emission from LivestockDuration: 2010-09-02 to 2015-12-31 Officer: SHAMSUDDIN, Mohammed 2nd Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J.

Contracts: 13 Argentina, Brazil, China(2), Mexico, Mongolia, Peru(2), South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, Zambia

Agreements: 4 Australia, Canada, Spain, United States of America

D32028 Development of Molecular and Nuclear Technologies for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD)

Duration: 2010-03-18 to 2015-12-31 Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J. 2nd Officer: DIALLO, Adama

Contracts: 11 Argentina, China, Democratic Rep. of the Congo, Ethiopia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Pakistan, South Africa, Yemen, Zambia

Agreements: 4 Australia, Ethiopia, Netherlands, United Kingdom

D32029 The Use of Irradiated Vaccines in the Control of Infectious Transboundary Diseases of Livestock

Duration: 2010-06-11 to 2015-06-11 Officer: DIALLO, Adama 2nd Officer: UNGER, Hermann

Contracts: 12 Argentina, China, Ethiopia, Georgia(2), India, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Thailand, Turkey

Agreements: 4 Belgium, China, United Kingdom, United States of America

D32030 Use of Stable Isotopes to Trace Bird Migrations and Molecular Nuclear Techniques to Investigate the Epidemiology and Ecology of the Highly Pathogenic Avian InfluenzaDuration: 2012-07-09 to 2017-07-09 Officer: NALETOSKI, Ivancho 2nd Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J.

Contracts: 9 Bulgaria, Canada, China, Egypt, Korea - Republic of, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey, United Kingdom

Agreements: 2 Germany(2)

D32031 Early and Rapid Diagnosis and Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases — Phase II: African Swine FeverDuration: 2014-04-04 to 2019-04-04 Officer: UNGER, Hermann 2nd Officer: VILJOEN, Gerrit J.

Contracts: 7 Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria, Senegal, Uganda, Zambia

Agreements: 6 Austria, China, Germany, Russian Federation, Spain, United Kingdom



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2.1.3 Improvement of Food Safety and Food Control Systems

D52036 Development of Radiometric and Allied Analytical Methods to Strengthen National Residue Control Programs for Antibiotic and Anthelmintic Veterinary Drug ResiduesDuration: 2009-05-12 to 2014-05-12 Officer: SASANYA, James Jacob 2nd Officer: CANNAVAN, Andrew

Contracts: 12 Brazil(2), China(2), Kenya, Korea - Republic of, Mongolia, Peru, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tunisia, United Kingdom

Agreements: 6 Austria, Belgium, Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom, United States of America

D52037 Implementation of Nuclear Techniques to Improve Food Traceability

Duration: 2011-02-07 to 2016-02-08 Officer: FREW, Russell 2nd Officer: CANNAVAN, Andrew

Contracts: 13 Botswana, Chile, China(2), India, Kenya, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Singapore, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda

Agreements: 5 Austria, Portugal, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America

D52038 Accessible Technologies for the Verification of Origin of Dairy Products as an Example Control System to Enhance Global Trade and Food SafetyDuration: 2013-09-13 to 2018-09-13 Officer: FREW, Russell 2nd Officer: CANNAVAN, Andrew

Contracts: 11 Argentina, Bangladesh, China, Lebanon, Lithuania, Morocco, Poland, Russian Federation, Singapore, Slovenia, Sri Lanka

Agreements: 6 Austria, Ireland, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States of America(2)

D62008 Development of Generic Irradiation Doses for Quarantine Treatments

Duration: 2009-06-11 to 2014-06-11 Officer: HENON, Yves 2nd Officer: PARKER, Andrew Gordon

Contracts: 14 Argentina, Brazil(2), China(2), India, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, Uruguay, Viet Nam

Agreements: 5 Australia, United Kingdom, United States of America(3)

D62009 Development of Irradiated Foods for Immuno-compromised Patients and Other Potential Target Groups

Duration: 2010-06-11 to 2015-06-11 Officer: BLACKBURN, Carl Michael 2nd Officer: HENON, Yves

Contracts: 13 Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Bulgaria, China(2), Hungary, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, Portugal, Tunisia

Agreements: 4 Canada, Korea - Republic of, United Kingdom, United States of America

2.1.4 Sustainable Control of Major Insect Pests

D41022 Increasing the Efficiency of Lepidoptera SIT by Enhanced Quality Control

Duration: 2008-09-15 to 2014-09-14 Officer: VREYSEN, Marc J.B. 2nd Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge

Contracts: 16 Argentina(2), Austria, Chile, China(2), India, Israel, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, South Africa(3), Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia

Agreements: 3 Australia, United States of America(2)

D41023 Resolution of Cryptic Species Complexes of Tephritid Pests to Overcome Constraints to SIT Application and International TradeDuration: 2010-03-18 to 2015-06-18 Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge 2nd Officer: REYES FLORES,

Jesus

Contracts: 16 Argentina, Australia, Brazil(3), China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Greece, Kenya, Malaysia(2), Mexico, Thailand(2), United Republic of Tanzania

Agreements: 7 Australia, Belgium, France, Greece, Italy, New Zealand, United States of America

D41024 Use of Symbiotic Bacteria to Reduce Mass-rearing Costs and Increase Mating Success in Selected Fruit Pests in Support of SIT Application.Duration: 2012-02-10 to 2017-02-09 Officer: CACERES, Carlos 2nd Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge

Contracts: 16 Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil(2), Chile, China, Greece(3), Guatemala, India, Israel, Mauritius, Mexico, Spain, Turkey

Agreements: 5 Australia(2), Italy, United States of America(2)



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D41025 Dormancy Management to Enable Mass-rearing and Increase Efficacy of Sterile Insects and Natural EnemiesDuration: 2014-02-13 to 2019-02-13 Officer: CARDOSO PEREIRA, Rui 2nd Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge

Contracts: 9 Argentina, Bangladesh, China(3), Greece(2), Mexico, South Africa

Agreements: 12 Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Japan, Korea - Republic of, United Kingdom, United States of America(3)

D42015 Enhancing Vector Refractoriness to Trypanosome Infection

Duration: 2013-02-08 to 2018-02-07 Officer: ABD ALLA, Adly M.M. 2nd Officer: PARKER, Andrew Gordon

Contracts: 9 Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kenya(2), Mali, Slovakia, South Africa, United Republic of Tanzania

Agreements: 15 Australia, Austria, Belgium, France(2), Germany(2), Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Turkey(2), United Kingdom, United States of America(2)

D44001 Exploring Genetic, Molecular, Mechanical and Behavioural Methods of Sex Separation in Mosquitoes

Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2018-06-03 Officer: GILLES, Jeremie Roger Lionel 2nd Officer: BOURTZIS, Konstantinos

Contracts: 8 Brazil, Cameroon, Cuba, France, Italy, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka

Agreements: 11 French Polynesia, Germany, Italy(3), Spain, United Kingdom(2), United States of America(3)

2.1.5 Crop Improvement for Intensification of Agricultural Production Systems (CIIAPS)

D23029 Climate Proofing of Food Crops: Genetic Improvement for Adaptation to High Temperatures in Drought Prone Areas and BeyondDuration: 2011-02-15 to 2016-02-15 Officer: SARSU, Fatma 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean

Laurent

Contracts: 13 Bangladesh, China(2), Colombia(2), Cuba, India, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines, Senegal, United Republic of Tanzania, Zimbabwe

Agreements: 6 China, Colombia, Japan, Spain, United Kingdom, United States of America

D23030 Integrated Utilization of Cereal Mutant Varieties in Crop/Livestock Production Systems for Climate Smart AgricultureDuration: 2012-09-17 to 2017-09-17 Officer: JANKULOSKI, Ljupcho 2nd Officer: LAGODA, Pierre Jean

Laurent

Contracts: 8 Austria, China, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mongolia, Peru, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia

Agreements: 3 Italy, New Zealand, United Kingdom

2.2 Human Health

2.2.1 Nutrition for Improved Human Health

E41015 Stable Isotope Technique to Assess Human Milk Intake in Infants Living in Contaminated Areas

Duration: 2009-09-04 to 2014-12-31 Officer: SLATER, Christine 2nd Officer: HUNT, Janet R.

Contracts: 11 Bangladesh, Chile, China, Ghana(2), India(2), Mexico, Nigeria, Slovenia, Uruguay

Agreements: 2 Brazil, Sweden

E43023 Stable Isotope Techniques in the Development and Monitoring of Nutritional Interventions for Infants and Children with Malaria, TB and other Infectious DiseasesDuration: 2009-09-08 to 2014-02-28 Officer: HUNT, Janet R. 2nd Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.

Contracts: 11 Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Malawi, Pakistan, Switzerland, United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America(3), Viet Nam

Agreements: 2 United Kingdom, United States of America

E43024 Nuclear Techniques to Assess Body Composition in Children and Adolescents as a Risk Factor in the Development of Chronic DiseasesDuration: 2010-09-02 to 2015-09-02 Officer: SLATER, Christine 2nd Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.

Contracts: 13 Brazil, China, Cuba, Guatemala, India(2), Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Thailand, United Kingdom, Uruguay

Agreements: 3 Australia, Chile, New Zealand



15

E43025 Stable Isotope Techniques to Design Effective Food Fortification Strategies in Settings with High H. Pylori InfectionDuration: 2011-04-27 to 2016-04-27 Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U. 2nd Officer: SLATER, Christine

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Bangladesh(2), Chile, Cuba, India, Morocco, United Republic of Tanzania

Agreements: 1 United Kingdom

E43026 Doctoral CRP on Stable Isotope Techniques to Assess Intake of Human Milk and Body Composition of Infants and Young Children up to Two Years of Age.Duration: 2011-09-20 to 2017-09-19 Officer: SLATER, Christine 2nd Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.

Contracts: 9 Australia, Burkina Faso, India, Jamaica, Kenya(2), South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand

Agreements: 1 United States of America

E43027 Using Nuclear Techniques to Develop and Evaluate Food-Based Strategies to Prevent Micronutrient Deficiencies in Young ChildrenDuration: 2011-11-18 to 2017-11-17 Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U. 2nd Officer: SLATER, Christine

Contracts: 10 Bangladesh, Canada, Guatemala, India, Mexico(2), United States of America(2), Zambia, Zimbabwe

Agreements: 1 Germany

E43028 Doctoral CRP on Longitudinal Measures of Body Composition of Healthy Infants and Young Children up to 2 Years of Age Using Stable Isotope TechniquesDuration: 2013-07-04 to 2018-07-04 Officer: SLATER, Christine 2nd Officer: MIRANDA-DA-CRUZ,

BEATRIZ

Contracts: 8 Brazil, India, Italy, Kenya, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom

Agreements: 1 Australia

E43029 Using Nuclear Techniques to Assess the Role of Nutrition-Sensitive Agri-Food Systems in Improving Diet, Health and Nutritional Status of Vulnerable PopulationsDuration: 2013-11-13 to 2019-11-13 Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U. 2nd Officer: WEGNER,

Christopher William

Contracts: 7 Bangladesh, Cuba, Mexico, Myanmar, Peru, Senegal, United Republic of Tanzania

Agreements: 3 Canada, Italy, United Kingdom

2.2.2 Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging

E12017 Standardizing Interpretation Criteria for Early Response Evaluation with 18f-FDG PET/CT in Paediatric LymphomaDuration: 2013-07-04 to 2016-07-04 Officer: PASCUAL, Thomas NB 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

Contracts: 11 Bangladesh, Brazil(2), Germany, India(2), Israel(2), Pakistan, South Africa, Uruguay

Agreements: 3 Australia, Canada, United Kingdom

E13038 Clinical use of Myocardial SPECT Imaging and CT Angiography in Coronary Artery Disease

Duration: 2010-11-15 to 2015-11-15 Officer: KASHYAP, Ravi 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

Contracts: 13 Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic, India(2), Mexico, Slovenia, Turkey

Agreements: 1 Italy

E13039 Enhancing Capacity for Early Detection and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Through Imaging

Duration: 2011-11-18 to 2016-11-18 Officer: KASHYAP, Ravi 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

Contracts: 15 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Costa Rica, Egypt, India(2), Kenya, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Slovenia, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia, Turkey, Uganda, Zambia

Agreements: 2 Australia, United Kingdom

E13040 Integrated Imaging (SPECT/CT; PET/CT; MRI) in Infection/Inflammation Spine Pathology

Duration: 2013-09-13 to 2016-09-13 Officer: NUÑEZ MILLER, RODOLFO 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

Contracts: 14 Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, India, Italy, Mexico, Pakistan(5), Philippines, South Africa, Uruguay

Agreements: 0



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E13041 Nuclear Cardiology in Congestion Heart Failure

Duration: 2013-09-13 to 2016-09-13 Officer: PAEZ, Diana 2nd Officer: NUÑEZ MILLER, RODOLFO

Contracts: 12 Brazil, Chile, Colombia(2), Cuba, India(2), Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, United States of America, Viet Nam

Agreements: 2 Italy, Spain

E13042 Radiation Therapy Planning of Non-small cell lung cancer based on PET/CT. (Diagnostic component)

Duration: 2014-05-29 to 2017-05-28 Officer: PAEZ, Diana 2nd Officer: NUÑEZ MILLER, RODOLFO

Contracts: 15 Austria, Bangladesh, Brazil(2), Estonia, India, Jordan, Netherlands, Pakistan(2), Poland, Turkey, Uruguay, Viet Nam(2)

Agreements: 2 Germany, Italy

E15021 Use of 18F-FDG PET/CT for Imaging TB Patients and Related Conditions (HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis): Focus on Drug Resistant Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Duration: 2014-04-04 to 2017-12-04 Officer: PASCUAL, Thomas NB 2nd Officer: PAEZ, Diana

Contracts: 11 Bangladesh, Brazil, India(3), Israel, Pakistan, Serbia, South Africa, Thailand, United Kingdom


2.2.3 Radiation Oncology and Cancer Treatment

E31006 Safety and Optimisation of Radiation Sterilization in Tissue Banking: Studies on Functional Properties of Irradiated Tissue GraftsDuration: 2010-03-18 to 2015-12-31 Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT,

Eduardo

Contracts: 13 Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Peru, Poland, Singapore, Slovakia, Uruguay

Agreements: 4 Australia(2), Germany, United Kingdom

E31007 Instructive Surfaces and Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Using Radiation Technology. (conducted jointly with F23030)Duration: 2014-04-04 to 2018-04-04 Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT,

Eduardo

Contracts: 6 Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Slovakia, Thailand, Uruguay


E33026 Clinical/Radiobiological Study on Viral-Induced Cancers’ Response to Radiotherapy, with Comprehensive Morbidity AssessmentDuration: 2006-09-15 to 2014-09-14 Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo 2nd Officer:

Contracts: 10 Brazil, Canada, India, Korea - Republic of, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, South Africa, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia, United Kingdom

Agreements: 3 Austria, Korea - Republic of, United Kingdom

E33030 Altered Fractionation and Radio-Sensitisation in Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy

Duration: 2008-10-30 to 2016-10-30 Officer: PRASAD, Rajiv Ranjan 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo

Contracts: 11 Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, India(3), Pakistan(3), Poland, Slovenia

Agreements: 0

E33033 Short Course Versus Standard Course Radiotherapy, in Elderly and/or Fragile Patients with Glioblastoma Multiform (GBM) Duration: 2009-02-04 to 2015-02-04 Officer: FIDAROVA, Elena 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT,

Eduardo

Contracts: 21 Algeria, Argentina, Belarus, Brazil(2), Canada(2), Chile, China, Croatia, Egypt, Estonia, Georgia, Greece, India, Indonesia, Poland, Russian Federation, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey

Agreements: 1 Ireland



17

E33034 Resource-Sparing Curative Treatment for Rectal Cancer

Duration: 2009-09-04 to 2014-09-04 Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo 2nd Officer: PRASAD, Rajiv Ranjan

Contracts: 13 Algeria, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, India(2), Indonesia, Slovakia, South Africa(2)

Agreements: 1 Italy

E33035 Resource Sparing Curative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and NeckDuration: 2010-11-15 to 2016-11-15 Officer: HOPKINS, Kirsten Isabel 2nd Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg

Contracts: 13 Brazil, Cuba, India(2), Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, South Africa(2), Thailand, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia, United States of America(2)

Agreements: 3 Argentina, India, Uruguay

E33036 Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy versus Transarterial Chemoembolization in Hepatocellular CarcinomaDuration: 2014-05-29 to 2018-05-28 Officer: PRASAD, Rajiv Ranjan 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT,

Eduardo

Contracts: 9 China(2), Denmark, Egypt, India(2), Indonesia, Korea - Republic of, Thailand

Agreements: 2 Brazil, United States of America

E33037 Evidence-Based Assessment of Radiotherapy Demand and Quality of Radiotherapy Services

Duration: 2014-02-13 to 2017-02-13 Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo 2nd Officer: FIDAROVA, Elena

Contracts: 16 Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Canada, Costa Rica, Georgia, Ghana, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Philippines, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Tunisia, Ukraine, Uruguay

Agreements: 2 Australia, Canada

E33038 Radiation Therapy Planning of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer based on PET/CT (Radiation Oncology component).Duration: 2014-05-29 to 2018-05-28 Officer: FIDAROVA, Elena 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT,

Eduardo

Contracts: 10 Brazil(2), Estonia, India, Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Uruguay, Viet Nam(2)

Agreements: 4 Australia, Jordan, Turkey, United Kingdom

E35008 Strengthening of “Biological dosimetry” in IAEA Member States: Improvement of current techniques and intensification of collaboration and networking among the different institutes.Duration: 2012-02-10 to 2016-02-09 Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg 2nd Officer: ROSENBLATT,

Eduardo

Contracts: 22 China(2), Cuba, Georgia(2), Ghana, India, Indonesia, Korea - Republic of(2), Lithuania, Malaysia, Philippines, Poland(2), Russian Federation, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Ukraine, Uruguay, Viet Nam

Agreements: 6 Canada, France, Japan(2), Netherlands, United Kingdom

2.2.4 Dosimetry and Medical Physics for Imaging and Therapy

E21007 Development of Quantitative Nuclear Medicine Imaging for Patient Specific Dosimetry

Duration: 2009-06-11 to 2014-06-11 Officer: POLI, Gian Luca 2nd Officer: DELIS, Harry

Contracts: 9 Bangladesh, Brazil(2), Croatia, Cuba, Egypt, South Africa, Thailand, Uruguay

Agreements: 3 Germany, United Kingdom, United States of America

E24015 Doctoral CRP on Quality Assurance of the Physical Aspects of Advanced Technology in Radiotherapy

Duration: 2008-06-15 to 2013-12-31 Officer: MEGHZIFENE, Ahmed 2nd Officer: IZEWSKA, Joanna

Contracts: 6 Argentina, Colombia, Cuba, Ghana, India, Thailand

Agreements: 6 Canada, Italy, Spain, United States of America(3)

E24017 To Investigate the Relationship Between end to end Accuracy and Quality Assurance Extent and Depth in RadiotherapyDuration: 2013-06-04 to 2017-06-03 Officer: HEALY, Brendan 2nd Officer: CHRISTAKI, Karen

Contracts: 7 Algeria, Argentina, Croatia, India, Philippines, Serbia, Thailand

Agreements: 2 Canada, United States of America



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E24018 Development of Quality Audits for Advanced Technology (IMRT) in Radiotherapy Dose Delivery

Duration: 2013-06-04 to 2016-06-03 Officer: IZEWSKA, Joanna 2nd Officer: HEALY, Brendan

Contracts: 8 Algeria, Brazil, China, Cuba, Czech Republic, India, Poland, Thailand

Agreements: 6 Australia, Austria, Belgium, Finland, Sweden, United States of America

E24019 Doctoral CRP in "Advances in Medical Imaging Techniques"

Duration: 2013-07-04 to 2017-08-04 Officer: DELIS, Harry 2nd Officer: POLI, Gian Luca

Contracts: 6 Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Mexico, Montenegro, Morocco, Thailand

Agreements: 6 Australia, Belgium, Italy, United Kingdom(2), United States of America

2.3 Water Resources

2.3.1 Isotope Data Networks for Hydrology and Climate Studies

F31004 Stable Isotopes in Precipitation and Paleoclimatic Archives in Tropical Areas to Improve Regional Hydrological and Climatic Impact ModelsDuration: 2013-07-04 to 2016-07-03 Officer: BELACHEW, Dagnachew

Legesse2nd Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J.

Contracts: 9 Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Ethiopia, Ghana, India, Viet Nam

Agreements: 5 Australia, Japan, Singapore, United States of America(2)

2.3.2 Isotope Based Assessment and Management of Water Resources

F32006 Use of Environmental Isotopes in Assessing Water Resources in Snow, Glacier, and Permafrost Dominated Areas under Changing Climatic ConditionsDuration: 2010-06-11 to 2014-06-11 Officer: CHOUDHRY, Manzoor Ahmad 2nd Officer: AGGARWAL,

Pradeep

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Georgia, India, Morocco, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia

Agreements: 6 Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russian Federation, United States of America

F33021 Application and Development of Isotope Techniques to Evaluate Human Impacts on Water Balance and Nutrient Dynamics of Large River BasinsDuration: 2014-05-29 to 2017-05-28 Officer: HALDER, Janine 2nd Officer: WASSENAAR,

Leonard Irwin

Contracts: 11 Argentina, China, Democratic Rep. of the Congo, India, Kenya, Malaysia, Nepal, Romania, Russian Federation, Ukraine, Viet Nam

Agreements: 6 Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Hungary, United States of America

2.3.3 Radio-isotope Applications for Hydrology

F33018 Estimation of Groundwater Recharge and Discharge by Using the Tritium-Helium-3 Dating Technique

Duration: 2010-09-02 to 2015-09-02 Officer: MATSUMOTO, Takuya 2nd Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J.

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Morocco, Pakistan, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia, Turkey

Agreements: 4 France, Japan, United Kingdom, United States of America

F33019 The Use of Environmental Isotopes to Assess Sustainability of Intensively Exploited Aquifer Systems

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2016-07-09 Officer: KUMAR, Bhishm 2nd Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J.

Contracts: 9 Argentina, China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Morocco, Pakistan, Tunisia, Viet Nam

Agreements: 5 Australia, France, New Zealand, Poland, Spain



19

F33020 Environmental Isotope and Age Dating Methods to Assess Water Quality in Rivers Affected by Shallow Groundwater DischargesDuration: 2012-09-17 to 2016-09-17 Officer: WASSENAAR, Leonard Irwin 2nd Officer: ARAGUÁS

ARAGUÁS, Luis J.

Contracts: 7 Argentina, China, Colombia, Ghana, India, Slovakia, Ukraine

Agreements: 8 Australia, Canada, Finland, Italy(2), New Zealand, Spain, United Kingdom

2.4 Environment

2.4.1 IAEA Reference Products for Science and Trade

K41013 Environmental Behaviour and Potential Biological Impact of Radioactive Particles

Duration: 2013-07-04 to 2017-07-04 Officer: FESENKO, Sergey 2nd Officer: PITOIS, Aurelien Rene Robert

Contracts: 7 Belarus, Kazakhstan, Portugal, Russian Federation(2), Thailand, Ukraine

Agreements: 7 Australia, Germany, Norway, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America

2.4.2 Nuclear Techniques to Understand Climate and Environmental Change

K41012 Ocean Acidification and the Economic Impact on Fisheries and Coastal Society

Duration: 2012-09-17 to 2016-09-17 Officer: METIAN, Marc 2nd Officer: DECHRAOUI BOTTEIN, Marie-Yasmine

Contracts: 9 Brazil, Canada, Chile, Ghana, Kenya, Kuwait, Namibia, Peru, Philippines


2.5 Radioisotope Production and Radiation Technology

2.5.1 Radioisotope Products for Cancer Management and Noncommunicable Diseases

F22050 Development of Ga-68 based PET-Radiopharmaceuticals for Management of Cancer and other Chronic Diseases Duration: 2010-11-15 to 2015-11-15 Officer: BHONSLE, Uday 2nd Officer: KASHYAP, Ravi

Contracts: 11 Brazil, China, Cuba, India, Mexico, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, Uruguay

Agreements: 8 Australia, Austria, Chile, Germany, India, Italy, Poland, South Africa

F22052 Development and Preclinical Evaluations of Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals Based on Lu-177 and Y-90 Labeled Monoclonal Antibodies and PeptidesDuration: 2011-02-07 to 2016-02-06 Officer: OSSO JUNIOR, Joao Alberto 2nd Officer: KASHYAP, Ravi

Contracts: 11 Argentina, Brazil, China, Cuba, Czech Republic, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Italy, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, The frmr.Yug.Rep. of Macedonia, Turkey

Agreements: 8 Austria, Hungary, India, Italy(2), Poland, United States of America(2)

F22062 Accelerator-based Alternatives to Non-HEU production of Mo-99/Tc-99m

Duration: 2011-12-14 to 2015-12-13 Officer: OSSO JUNIOR, Joao Alberto 2nd Officer:

Contracts: 8 Armenia, Brazil, Hungary, India, Malaysia, Poland, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey

Agreements: 10 Canada(2), Germany, Italy(2), Japan, Korea - Republic of, Poland, Saudi Arabia, United States of America

F22064 Nanosized Delivery Systems for Radiopharmaceuticals

Duration: 2014-04-04 to 2018-04-04 Officer: SAFRANY, Agnes 2nd Officer: OSSO JUNIOR, Joao Alberto

Contracts: 8 Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, Iran - Islamic Republic of, Mexico, Pakistan, Poland, Thailand

Agreements: 7 Italy(3), Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, United States of America



20

2.5.2 Radiation Technology for Health Care and Industrial Applications

F11018 Application of Two and Three Dimensional Neutron Imaging with Focus on Cultural Heritage Research

Duration: 2012-03-28 to 2016-03-27 Officer: OSSO JUNIOR, Joao Alberto 2nd Officer:

Contracts: 10 Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cuba, Egypt, Malaysia, Romania, Russian Federation, South Africa, Thailand

Agreements: 10 Australia, Germany(2), Italy, Japan, Poland, Portugal, Switzerland(2), United States of America

F22051 Radiation Curing of Composites for Enhancing their Features and Utility in Health Care and Industry

Duration: 2011-03-14 to 2015-03-14 Officer: SAFRANY, Agnes 2nd Officer: SABHARWAL, Sunil

Contracts: 11 Brazil, Egypt, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Thailand, Turkey, Viet Nam

Agreements: 5 Canada, France, Germany, Italy, United States of America

F22060 Radiometric Methods for Measuring and Modelling Multiphase Systems Towards Process Management

Duration: 2012-07-09 to 2016-07-09 Officer: BRISSET, Patrick Dominique M. 2nd Officer: OSSO JUNIOR, Joao Alberto

Contracts: 12 Brazil, China, Cuba, Ghana, India, Malaysia, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, Poland, Tunisia, Viet Nam

Agreements: 6 France, Germany, Korea - Republic of, Norway, Poland, United States of America

F22063 Application of Radiation Technology in the Development of Advanced Packaging Materials for Food ProductsDuration: 2013-02-08 to 2017-02-07 Officer: SAFRANY, Agnes 2nd Officer: SABHARWAL, Sunil

Contracts: 10 Algeria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Egypt, Malaysia, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Thailand, Turkey

Agreements: 4 Canada, Italy, United Kingdom, United States of America

F23029 Radiation Treatment of Wastewater for Reuse with Particular Focus on Wastewaters Containing Organic PollutantsDuration: 2010-11-15 to 2016-11-15 Officer: SABHARWAL, Sunil 2nd Officer: SAFRANY, Agnes

Contracts: 13 Algeria, Brazil, China, Ecuador, Egypt, Hungary(2), Malaysia, Poland(2), Portugal, Romania, Turkey

Agreements: 8 France, Italy, Japan, Korea - Republic of(2), Saudi Arabia, United States of America(2)

F23030 Instructive Surfaces and Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Using Radiation Technology. (Conducted Jointly with E31007) Duration: 2014-02-13 to 2018-02-13 Officer: SAFRANY, Agnes 2nd Officer: SABHARWAL, Sunil

Contracts: 7 Bangladesh, China, Egypt, Malaysia, Poland, Portugal, Turkey


3.2 Safety of Nuclear Installations

3.2.5 Safety of Research Reactor and Fuel Cycle Facilities

T34002 Establishment of Material Properties Database for Irradiated Core Structural Components for Continued Safe Operation and Lifetime Extension of Ageing Research ReactorsDuration: 2013-07-03 to 2016-07-03 Officer: MORRIS, Charles R 2nd Officer: RAO, Deshraju

Venkat H.

Contracts: 5 Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Indonesia, South Africa

Agreements: 8 Australia, Brazil, Czech Republic, India, Japan, Korea - Republic of, Netherlands, United States of America



21

3.4 Management of Radioactive Waste

3.4.2 Technology for RWM, Decommissioning & Environmental Remediation

T21026 Treatment of Irradiated Graphite to Meet Acceptance Criteria for Waste Disposal

Duration: 2010-12-13 to 2014-12-12 Officer: OJOVAN, Michael 2nd Officer: SAMANTA, Susanta Kumar

Contracts: 4 China, Lithuania, Russian Federation, Ukraine

Agreements: 20 France(3), Germany(2), Lithuania, Russian Federation(3), Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom(7), United States of America

T21027 Processing Technologies for High Level Waste, Formulation of Matrices and Characterisation of Waste FormsDuration: 2012-06-25 to 2016-06-27 Officer: SAMANTA, Susanta Kumar 2nd Officer: OJOVAN, Michael

Contracts: 0

Agreements: 18 Australia, Belgium, China, France(2), India, Japan, Russian Federation(3), South Africa, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States of America(5)

3.5 Nuclear Security

3.5.2 Nuclear Security of Materials and Facilities

J02004 Development of Nuclear Security Assessment Methodologies (NUSAM) for Regulated Facilities.

Duration: 2013-11-15 to 2017-11-15 Officer: JANG, Sung Soon 2nd Officer: KHALIQ, Muhammad

Contracts: 0

Agreements: 17 Bangladesh, Czech Republic, Egypt, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Japan, Korea - Republic of(2), Morocco, Netherlands, Pakistan, Sweden(2), United Kingdom, United States of America

3.5.3 Nuclear Security of Material Outside of Regulatory Control

J02003 Identification of High Confidence Nuclear Forensics Signatures for the Development of National Nuclear Forensics LibrariesDuration: 2013-09-05 to 2016-09-05 Officer: SMITH, David Kenneth 2nd Officer: BULL, Tegan Claire

Contracts: 6 Brazil, Greece, Hungary, Indonesia, Pakistan, South Africa

Agreements: 5 Australia, Canada, Germany, India, Sweden



22


1.2.1 Uranium Resources and Production

T11007 Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterization of Uranium and Thorium Deposits

T11007 Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterization of Uranium and Thorium Deposits

1.2.3 Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors

T13015 Management of Severely Damaged Spent Fuel and Corium

T13015 Management of Severely Damaged Spent Fuel and Corium

1.4 Nuclear Science

1.4.2 Research Reactors

T12029 Benchmarks of Computational Tools against Experimental Data on Fuel Burnup and Material Activation for Utilization, Operation and Safety Analysis of Research Reactors


T33001 Options and Technologies for Managing the Back End of the Research Reactor Nuclear Fuel Cycle

T33001 Options and Technologies for Managing the Back End of the Research Reactor Nuclear Fuel Cycle

1.4.3 Accelerator Applications and Nuclear Instrumentation

G42006 In Situ Measurements for Rapid Environmental Mapping of Contaminated Sites


2.1.4 Sustainable Control of Major Insect Pests

D42016 Comparing Rearing Efficiency and Competitiveness of Sterile Male Strains Produced by Genetic, Transgenic or Symbiont-based Technologies

D42016 Comparing Rearing Efficiency and Competitiveness of Sterile Male Strains Produced by Genetic, Transgenic or Symbiont-based Technologies

2.1.3 Improvement of Food Safety and Food Control Systems

D52039 Development and Strengthening of Radio-Analytical and Complementary Techniques to Control Residues of Veterinary Drugs and Related Chemicals in Aquaculture Products

D52039 Development and Strengthening of Radio-Analytical and Complementary Techniques to Control Residues of Veterinary Drugs and Related Chemicals in Aquaculture Products

D61024 Development of New Applications of Machine Generated Food Irradiation Technologies

2.4 Environment

2.4.3 Nuclear Techniques for Development of Land, Coastal and Marine Ecosystems

K41014 Toxicological and Ecotoxicological Assessment of Benthic Algae and their Toxins to Achieve Sustainable Management of Marine Ecosystem Services

K41014 Toxicological and Ecotoxicological Assessment of Benthic Algae and their Toxins to Achieve Sustainable Management of Marine Ecosystem Services


A.III. CRPs Approved But Not Yet Initiated at End 2014

23


2.5.2 Radiation Technology for Health Care and Industrial Applications

F23032 Developing Radiation Treatment Methodologies and New Resin Formulations for Consolidation And Preservation of Archived Materials and Cultural Heritage Artefacts

F23032 Developing Radiation Treatment Methodologies and New Resin Formulations for Consolidation And Preservation of Archived Materials and Cultural Heritage Artefacts

2.5.1 Radioisotope Products for Cancer Management and Noncommunicable Diseases

F23031 Sharing and Developing Protocols to Further Minimize Radioactive Gaseous Releases to the Environment in the Manufacture of Medical Radioisotopes, as Good Manufacturing Practice


3.2.5 Safety of Research Reactor and Fuel Cycle Facilities




3.5.3 Nuclear Security of Material Outside of Regulatory Control

J02005 Improved Assessment of Initial Alarms from Radiation Detection Instruments

3.5.2 Nuclear Security of Materials and Facilities

J02006 Nuclear Security for Research Reactors and Associated Facilities

J02007 Development of Nuclear Security Culture Enhancement Solutions


A.III. CRPs Approved But Not Yet Initiated at End 2014

24


A.IV 2014 Evaluated Coordinated Research Projects after Completion - Index


T13013 Spent Fuel Performance Assessment and Research (SPAR III)

Duration: 2009-11-06 to 2014-11-06 Closed Date: 2014-10-09

Primary Officer: STANDRING, Paul Secondary Officer: BEVILACQUA, Arturo

1.4 Nuclear Science

F13011 Pathways to Energy from Inertial Fusion - An Integrated Approach


Primary Officer: KAMENDJE, Richard Secondary Officer: KAISER, Ralf Bernd

F44002 Nuclear Data Libraries for Advanced Systems: Fusion Devices (FENDL-3)


Primary Officer: FORREST, Robin A. Secondary Officer: ABRIOLA, Daniel Hugo

T12020 Conversion of Miniature Neutron Source Research Reactors (MNSR) to Low Enriched Uranium (LEU)


Primary Officer: ADELFANG, Pablo Secondary Officer: SOLLYCHIN, Rayman


D12011 Integrated Isotopic Approaches for an Area-wide Precision Conservation to Control the Impacts of Agricultural Practices on Land Degradation and Soil Erosion


Primary Officer: NGUYEN, Minh-Long Secondary Officer: DERCON, Gerd

D32026 The Early and Sensitive Diagnosis and Control of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR)


Primary Officer: DIALLO, Adama Secondary Officer: UNGER, Hermann

D42014 Development and Evaluation of Improved Strains of Insect Pests for SIT


Primary Officer: BOURTZIS, Konstantinos Secondary Officer: HENDRICHS, Jorge

D52035 Integrated Analytical Approaches to Assess Indicators of the Effectiveness of Pesticide Management Practices at a Catchment Scale


Primary Officer: MAESTRONI, Britt Marianna Secondary Officer: FERRIS, Ian Glen

G34002 Biology of Male Mosquitoes in Relation to Genetic Control Programmes


Primary Officer: GILLES, Jeremie Roger Lionel Secondary Officer: VREYSEN, Marc J.B.

2.2 Human Health

E13031 Role of Nuclear Cardiology Techniques in Ischemia Assessment with Exercise Imaging in Asymptomatic Diabetes


Primary Officer: PAEZ, Diana Secondary Officer: DONDI, Maurizio

E13032 Performance of Rest Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in the Management of Acute Chest Pain in the Emergency Room


Primary Officer: PAEZ, Diana Secondary Officer:

E13034 Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in Coronary Artery Disease with Nuclear Techniques



E15020 Application of FDG-PET and Molecular Gene Profiling for Risk Stratification of Diffuse Large B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Different Ethnic Populations



E24016 Development of Quality Audits for Radiotherapy Dosimetry for Complex Treatment Techniques

Duration: 2009-03-26 to 2012-09-30 Primary Officer: IZEWSKA, Joanna

25


A.IV 2014 Evaluated Coordinated Research Projects after Completion - Index

Closed Date: 2014-04-04 Secondary Officer: MEGHZIFENE, Ahmed

E33025 Resource Sparing Curative Treatment in Breast Cancer


Primary Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo Secondary Officer: BELYAKOV, Oleg

E33027 Improving Outcomes in Radiotherapy Using New Strategies of Treatment Delivery with Focus on Oesophageal Cancer


Primary Officer: ROSENBLATT, Eduardo Secondary Officer: ZUBIZARRETA, Eduardo Hernan

E43020 Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: The Efficacy of Food Based Interventions Evaluated by Stable Isotope Techniques


Primary Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U. Secondary Officer: SLATER, Christine

E43021 Food Fortification and Biofortification to Improve Micronutrients Status During Early Life


Primary Officer: HUNT, Janet R. Secondary Officer: LOECHL, Cornelia U.

2.3 Water Resources

F32005 Quantification of Hydrological Fluxes in Irrigated Lands Using Isotopes for Improved Water Use Efficiency


Primary Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J. Secondary Officer: AGGARWAL, Pradeep

F33016 Geostatistical Analysis of Spatial Isotope Variability to Map the Sources of Water for Hydrology Studies


Primary Officer: ARAGUÁS ARAGUÁS, Luis J. Secondary Officer: AGGARWAL, Pradeep


J71011 Modelling and Analysis of Radionuclides Transport and Source Term Evaluation within Containment / Confinement and Release to the Environment, for Research Reactors


Primary Officer: KENNEDY, William Secondary Officer: MARGEANU, Sorin

J71013 Innovative Methods in Research Reactor Analysis: Benchmark against Experimental Data on Neutronics and Thermalhydraulic Computational Methods and Tools for Operation and Safety Analysis of Research Reactors.


Primary Officer: KENNEDY, William Secondary Officer: RIDIKAS, Danas


T23015 Upgrading of Near Surface Disposal Facilities


Primary Officer: ORMAI, Peter Secondary Officer: HOSSAIN, Shaheed


J02002 Development of Methodology for Risk Assessment and State Management of Nuclear Security Regime


Primary Officer: TORRES VIDAL, Carlos Secondary Officer: KHALIQ, Muhammad

26

A.V 2014 Evaluated Coordinated Research Projects after Completion

CRP No. 1629 (T13013)

CRP Evaluation Report

Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Spent Fuel Performance Assessment and Research (SPAR III)

Section/Division: Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section, NEFW

Period Covered: 2009-11-06 through 2014-11-06

Total Cost: € 95,353.89

Closed Date: 2014-10-09

Objectives of CRP:

(a) Overall (Agency Project towards which CRP directed):

The overall Agency project objective is to improve the capability of interested Member States to plan and implement improved spent fuel management strategies by identifying problems and fostering collaboration and using information provided by the Agency. The contribution to the overall objective relates to the sharing of technical information and the latest research on spent fuel storage. This provides the basis for Member States to input to strategic decisions related to spent fuel storage and more importantly gain a better understanding of the degradation mechanisms which could potentially impact on its eventual retrieval; if a particular storage technology is used. There are a number of lessons learned which fall out of this CRP for those entering the business; for example the development of storage systems which can be inspected, identification of life limiting components, engineering out weakness (for example residual stress in welded systems).

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Fuel and materials performance evaluation under wet and dry storage, and assessment of impact of interim storage on associated spent fuel management activities (like handling and transport)

• Surveillance and monitoring programmes of spent fuel storage facilities as one of the means to evaluate spent fuel performance during storage

• Collection and exchange of relevant experience of spent fuel storage and the impact on associated spent fuel management activities in the participating countries

• Facilitate transfer of knowledge by documenting technical basis for spent fuel storage

• Creating synergy among research projects of the participating member states

• Developing capability to assess the impact of potential deterioration mechanisms on fuel and spent fuel storage components

Outputs:

• A survey of research activities accessible to stakeholders of spent fuel storage facilities (e.g., for reference, performing analyses or supporting licensing and re-licensing of spent fuel storage facilities);

• Surveillance and monitoring results from wet and dry storage facilities

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• Operating experience from wet and dry spent fuel storage

• Results from surveillance and monitoring programmes

• Updated assessment of spent fuel integrity during long term storage

• Country-specific clarification of how the specifications for subsequent conditioning for reprocessing and/or disposal impact spent fuel storage requirements will be developed

Impact of the CRP:

• Knowledge Base: The accumulated reporting of the IAEA’s BEFAST and SPAR CRPs now exceeds 30 years. In the context of 100+ years storage it is important that this knowledge base is continued to be updated and on on-going spent fuel and system performance reported.

• Spent Fuel Performance: For zirconium and stainless steel based LWR clad spent fuels there is now >50 years wet storage and >30 years dry storage experience. Performance in storage remains excellent with no generic failure mechanism identified or experienced. In the case of stainless clad AGR spent fuels there is >30 years of wet storage experience. Storage performance is good provided the fuel is stored in the presence of corrosion inhibitor. For MAGNOX spent fuel, magnesium alloy clad there is >50 years’ experience in handling and storage. The tendency is only to store for relative short periods of time in wet storage, but the fuel will remain intact for longer periods provided optimum storage chemistry is maintained.

• Spent Fuel Degradation: A considerable number of studies on hydrogen behaviour in zirconium based clad material have been undertaken during this phase of the SPAR project. Whilst studies using empty clad tubes have improved the understanding of hydrogen behaviour in zirconium based clad material, the properties associated with the presence of fuel may be different. A gap in this area remains in establishing experiments under actual storage conditions.

• Impact of Interim Storage on Associated Spent Fuel Management Activities: Improving the knowledge base on spent fuel behaviour for retrieval and transport situations has been investigated. The amount of fuel material released upon impact appears to be independent of fuel burnup, test method, is localized to the area of rupture and has been found to be <2 pellets worth of material for all fuel types tested. The studies have enabled establishing reference conditions for safety assessments.

• Materials Performance in Storage Systems: Knowledge of the long-term performance of materials used in spent fuel storage systems is required for continued operations and for storage system relicensing. A number of studies on the behaviour of materials have continued or been initiated during this phase of the SPAR project. In some areas, such as the influence of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) on dry storage canisters in marine environment, studies are still ongoing. In other areas, for example metal seals, the experience to date and on-going long-term studies have not established limiting factors for their continued use.

• Issues Related to Extended Storage of Spent Fuel: In the very long-term, helium generation from a-decay and the accumulation of helium may become an important mechanism in fuel matrix evolution. Although there remains unknowns in relation to gas retention by the fuel matrix, bulk pellet swelling or release mechanisms to the free volume, even where all the gas generated in the first 300 year of UO2 spent fuel storage is released, there is a negligible effect on cladding stress during storage. More attention has to be devoted to spent MOX fuel behaviour.

• Way Forward: Continued spent fuel storage and future transitions from one phase of the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle to the next require that the operational experience and research

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results to be reported and disseminated to the Member States for input to continued operations safety assessments and the licensing of new facilities. In this respect field experience needs to be collected and reported; especially from the deployment of new technology.

Relevance of the CRP:

• Spent fuel management has always been one of the most important stages in the nuclear fuel cycle, and stands among the most vital problems common to all Member States with nuclear reactors. In order to demonstrate safety over these long time periods a good understanding of the processes that might cause deterioration of the system are needed. The CRP wholly supports providing this understanding through reporting on-going behaviour of both spent fuel and the storage system. The major players in the CRP have now been storing spent fuel for decades and sharing this accumulated knowledge is essential both for existing operators and to new comers. In addition the CRP reports the latest R&D findings and thinking related to spent fuel storage and storage system performance.

Recommended future action by Agency:

• It is recommended that spent fuel performance assessment and research (SPAR) is continued into a fourth phase.

Resulting Publications:

1. Paper in scientific journal. 2011. VIZCAÍNO, P., FLORES, A.V., BOZZANO, P.B., BANCHIK, A.D., VERSACI, R.A., RÍOS, R.O., “Hydrogen solubility and microstructure changes in zircaloy-4 due to neutron irradiation”, Journal of ASTM International, Vol. 8, No 1, Paper ID JAI102949, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, (2011).

2. Paper in scientific journal. 2012. SANTISTEBAN, J.R., VICENTE-ALVAREZ, M.A., VIZCAINO, P., BANCHIK, A.D., VOGEL, S.C., TREMSIN, A.S., VALLERGA, J.V., MCPHATE, J.B., LEHMANN, E., KOCKELMANN, W., ‘Texture imaging of zirconium based components by total neutron cross-section experiments’ Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 425, Issues 1–3, 218–227, (2012).

3. Paper in scientific journal. 2012. VICENTE-ALVAREZ, M.A., SANTISTEBAN, J.R., VIZCAINO, P., FLORES, A.V., BANCHIK, A.D., ALMER, J., ‘Hydride reorientation in Zr2.5%Nb studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction’, Acta Materials, Vol. 60 Issue 20, 6892–6906, (2012).

4. Paper in scientific journal. 2012. VICENTE-ALVAREZ, M.A., SANTISTEBAN, J.R., VIZCAINO, P., FLORES, A.V., BANCHIK, A.D., ALMER, J., ‘Hydride reorientation in Zr2.5%Nb studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction’ Acta Materials, Vol. 60 Issue 20, 6892–6906, (2012).

5. Paper in scientific journal. 2014. VIZCAINO, P., SANTISTEBAN, J.R., VICENTE-ALVAREZ, M.A., BANCHIK, A.D., ALMER, J., ‘Effect of crystallite orientation and external stress on hydride precipitation and dissolution in Zr2.5%Nb’, Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 447, Issues 1–3, 82–93, (2014).

6. Conference proceedings. 2012. RONDINELLA, V.V., WISS, T., PAPAIOANNOU, D., NASYROW, R., Studies on nuclear fuel evolution during storage and testing of used fuel response to impact loadings, PSAM11-ESREL 2012, June 25-29, 2012, Helsinki; Vol. 1, 3171-3179, IAPSAM & ESRA, ISBN: 978-1-62276-436-5, (2012).

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7. Conference proceedings. 2013. AHN, T., RONDINELLA, V.V., WISS, T., Potential stress on cladding imposed by the matrix swelling from alpha decay in high burnup spent nuclear fuel, Proc. 14th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference (IHLRWMC), Albuquerque, New Mexico, April 28—May 2, Paper 6830, (2013).

8. Conference proceedings. 2011. RONDINELLA, V.V., WISS, T., MAUGERI, E., COLLE, J-Y., Effects of helium build-up on nuclear fuel evolution during storage, Proc. 12th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference (IHLRWMC), Albuquerque, New Mexico, Apr 10—14, paper 3458, (2011).

9. Conference proceedings. 2011. ZEACHANDIRIN, A., DALLONGEVILLE, M., PURCELL, P.C., CORY, A., “AREVA TN and INS: Description of Fuel Integrity Project methodology principles”, Packaging, Transport, Storage & Security of Radioactive Material (RAMTRANS), 22, 4, (2011).

10. Paper in scientific journal. 2013. ETO, S., TANI, J., SHIRAI, K., et al., “Measurement of concentration of chlorine attached to a stainless steel canister material using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy”, Spectrochimica Acta part B, 87, 74—80, Elsevier, London, (2013).

11. Paper in scientific journal. 2014. ETO, S., MIURA, Y., TANI, J., et al., “Effect of residual stress induced by pulsed-laser irradiation on initiation of chloride stress corrosion cracking in stainless steel”, Mat. Sci. Eng. A-Struct., 590, 433—439, (2014).

12. Conference proceedings. 2012. SHIRAI, K., TANI, J., GOTOH, M., WATARU, M., SCC Evaluation of Multi-Purpose Canister in Long Term Storage, in Proceedings of PSAM 11, 25—29 June, 2012, Helsinki, Finland, ISBN: 9781622764365, Curran Associates, (2012).

13. Conference proceedings. 2012. WATARU, M., et al., “Long-term Containment Performance Test of Metal Cask for Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage”, PSAM, 25-29 June, 2012, Helsinki, Finland, (2012).

14. Conference proceedings. 2010. KAMIMURA, K., et. al., “Integrity Criteria of Spent Fuel for Dry Storage in Japan”, International Seminar on Spent Fuel Storage (ISSF) 2010, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 15—17 November, Tokyo, Japan, (2010).

15. Conference proceedings. 2013. OZAWA, M., HIROSE, T., MIURA, H., BABA, T., KAMIMURA, K., AOMI, M., YASUDA, T., MURAKAMI, T.K., SHINOHARA, Y., Fuel Rod Mechanical Performance Under Dynamic Load Condition on High Burn-up Spent Fuel of BWR and PWR, PATRAM 2013, 18—23 August, San Francisco, USA, (2013).

16. Conference proceedings. 2012. HIROSE, T., OZAWA, M., MIURA, H., BABA, T., KAMIMURA, K., et al. “Dynamic Load Impact Tests on High Burnup Spent Fuel Rods of BWR and PWR”, NuMat 2012: the Nuclear Materials conference, Osaka, Japan, 22—25 October, (2012).

17. Conference proceedings. 2013. HIROSE, T., OZAWA, M., MIURA, H., BABA, T., KAMIMURA, K., “Research on Integrity of High Burnup Spent Fuel under Long Term Dry Storage and Transport,” OECD/NEA International Workshop on Safety of Long Term Interim Storage Facilities, Munich, Germany, May, (2013).

18. Conference proceedings. 2012. KIM, Y., KIM, J., KOOK, D., KIM, Y., “Effects of hoop stress on the hydride reorientation in spent nuclear fuel cladding”, Trans. Of Korean Nuclear Society Autumn meeting, Gyeongju, Korea, October 25—26, (2012).

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19. Conference proceedings. 2013. TORRES, E., RUIZ-HERVÍAS, J., MARTIN-RENGEL, M.A., Drop-weight ring compression test for evaluating the mechanical behaviour of fuel rods under impact conditions. PATRAM 2013, 18—23 August, San Francisco, USA, (2013).

20. Ph.D thesis. 2009. MARTIN-RENGEL, M.A., Integridad estructural de vainas de combustible nuclear en condiciones de almacenamiento temporal en seco, PhD thesis, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ENRESA technical publication 05-2010 (in spanish), (2009).

21. Conference proceedings. (2010 - awaiting publication). STANDRING P. N., HANDS B. J., MORGAN S., BROOKS A., Development of an alternative corrosion inhibitor for the storage of advanced gas cooled reactor fuel, In Press Proc. International Conference on Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors, 31 May – 4 June, Vienna, Austria (2010).

22. Technical Report. 2012. ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Extended Storage Collaboration Program International Perspectives on Technical Gaps Associated with Extended Storage and Transportation of Used Nuclear Fuel, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA, EPRI 1026481, (2012).

23. Technical Report. 2013. ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) of Welded Stainless Steel Canisters for Dry Cask Storage Systems, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA, EPRI 3002000815, (2013).

24. Technical Report. 2010. ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Transportation of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA, EPRI 1016637, (2010).

25. Technical Report. 2011. ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Benchmarks for Quantifying Fuel Reactivity Depletion Uncertainty, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA, EPRI 1022909, (2011).

26. Paper in scientific journal. 2013. BILLONE, M.C., BURTSEVA, T.A., EINZIGER, R.E., “Ductile-to-brittle transition temperature for high burnup cladding alloys exposed to simulated drying—storage conditions”, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 433, 431—448, (2013).

27. Conference Proceedings. 2013. WANG, J-A., WANG, H., BEVARD, B.B., HOWARD, R.L., FLANAGAN, M.E., “Reversible Bending Fatigue Test System for Investigating Vibration Integrity of Spent Nuclear Fuel during Transportation’, Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials - PATRAM 2013, August 18 — 23, San Francisco, CA, USA, (2013).

28. Technical Report. 2013. MILLER, L., et.al, Vacuum Drying Test Plan - Public Version, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Contract No. NRC–02–07–C–006, ML13192AA127, (2013).

29. Technical Report. 2013. MILLER, L., et.al., Overview of Vacuum Drying Methods and Factors Affecting the Quantity of Residual Water After Drying – Public Version, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Contract No. NRC–02–07–006, ML13192A125, (2013).

30. Technical Report. 2012. JUNG, H., et.al. Extended Storage and Transportation: Evaluation of Drying Adequacy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Contract NRC–02–07–006, ML13169A039, (2012).

31. Conference Proceedings. 2013. OBERSON, G., et.al., U.S. NRC Sponsored Research on Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Dry Storage Canister Materials in Marine Environments, 2013 Waste Management Symposium, February 24— 28, Phoenix, AZ, (2013).

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32. Conference Proceedings. 2012. AHN, T., OBERSON, G., DEPAULA, S., Chloride-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steel for Dry Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel, PRiME 2012, The Electrochemical Society, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 7 – 12, (2012).

33. Technical Report. 2010. CASERES, L., MINTZ, T.S., Atmospheric Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Welded and Unwelded 304, 304L, and 316L Austenitic Stainless Steels Commonly Used for Dry Cask Storage Containers Exposed to Marine Environments, NUREG/CR-7030, (2010).

34. Conference Proceedings. 2012. GONZALEZ, F., BAJWA, C., EASTON, E., EINZIGER, R., YANG, J., HNETKOVSKY, E., “Spent Nuclear Fuel Transportation Package Seals in Beyond Design Basis Temperature Excursions” in Proceedings of the ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels & Piping Division Conference-PVP2012, July 15 — 19, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, (2012).

35. Conference Proceedings. 2012. GONZALEZ, F., BAJWA, C., EASTON, E., EINZIGER, R., YANG, J., HNETKOVSKY, E., “Transportation Package Seal Performance in Beyond Design Basis Thermal Exposures”,– in Proc. Waste management 2012 Confer., Phoenix, AZ, paper 12472, (2012).

36. Technical Report. 2011. YANG, J., HNETKOVSKY, E., “Performance of Metal and Polymeric O-Ring Seals in Beyond-Design-Basis Temperature Excursions”, NUREG/CR-7115, (2011).

37. Paper in scientific journal. 2013. EINZIGER, R., “An Aging Management Plan for Spent Fuel Storage and Transportation”, Radwaste Solutions, Vol. 20, No. 1, p. 38, (2013).

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CRP No. 1372 (F13011)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Pathways to Energy from Inertial Fusion - An Integrated Approach

Section/Division: Physics Section, NAPC


Total Cost: € 226,864.60


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP was aimed to contribute to the research in the development of inertial fusion energy (IFE) and the activities undertaken during its life time have provided some scientific and technical solutions to the outstanding issues as acknowledged by the community. The project has brought together experts working in 16 institutes from 15 Member States (Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Spain, UK, USA and Uzbekistan). International collaborations, networking approach, group discussions and regular meetings have aided the participants in the MS to further the progress of the activity. In the area of beam-plasma-matter interaction: Theoretical collaborations in: i) understanding the plasma processes due to interaction of high intensity laser radiation with atoms, plasmas ii) generation of X rays iii) growth of the plasma instabilities iv) plasma-jet formation have yielded better knowledge in understanding the plasma behaviour. In the area of developing building blocks for inertial fusion energy: Development of the building blocks include efficient drivers such as lasers and ion based technology, target technology and chamber technology to integrate in to a power plant system. Several MS have national programmes to support inertial fusion energy. Laser based drivers are currently operational in the Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Japan, UK and USA, and Germany has developed ion based driver at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt. The following important international collaborations among institutions have contributed in advancing the knowledge on drivers during the life time of this CRP: i) The generation of high repetition rate, high energy driver is a forefront research in driver technology. Participants from Korea have developed in collaboration with the Prague Asterix Laser System (PALS), Czech Republic, a potential solution to increase the repetition rate considerably through beam combination with a phase controlled stimulated Brillouin scattering phase conjugation mirrors. This know-how has been disseminated among all the concerned researchers. ii) A Theoretical model was developed and successfully integrated to

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upgrade the Hungarian KrF laser system to 80mJ / 600fs. Plasma mirror as a possible pulse cleaning method even for the KrF system has been demonstrated. To study strong self-generated magnetic fields for non-relativistic laser intensities, a phase-amplitude imaging diagnostic was developed in collaboration with the participants from the Czech Republic and Italy. iii) The effectiveness of ion drivers depends on the high brightness of the on sources. GSI, Germany, and Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), the Russia Federation, have proposed and worked in collaboration to generate laser-produced high energy ion beams as a promising alternative to conventional accelerator ion sources. In the area of inertial fusion target technology: High quality targets were produced by CRP participants from the Lebedev institute, Russian Federation, and supplied to Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt (GSI), Germany for experimental validation under international collaboration during the CRP life time. About chamber technology to integrate in to a power plant system: Participants from Instituto de Fusión Nuclear (DENIM), Spain have performed simulations on the role of the spatial and temporal radiation deposition on the wall materials. In addition simulations were used to estimate chamber safety with reference to the proposed European HiPER facility. Further, by simulations they evaluate the response of different chamber wall materials in order to optimize the protection of the wall materials from debris like ions, X rays, alpha particles and shrapnel. Simulations on the thermal effect of the radiation-armour interaction have been carried out with an increasing temporal and spatial deposition of energy. The Dynamics of the chamber for repetitive operation of the laser and target injection has been investigated. Simulation results were used in improving the design of the radioprotection of the reactor at different stages like shielding, operation conditions, remote handling and potential personnel intervention in time intervals. To demonstrate the capability and progress: The Outputs of this CRP activity clearly comply with the pre-requisites to demonstrate the capability and progress to carry out the objectives of the activity. Progress include an improvement in the expertise related to the physics of inertial fusion energy, and technological development skills for building the facility to demonstrate the feasibility of the inertial fusion energy.. Up-dated information is available in building the driver facility. Several MS like the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Japan, Korea, UK, and USA have supported multi-millions projects in their national interest. Two such major projects based on the inertial confinement concept involving a multi-billion dollar R&D effort are the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in the USA and the proposed HiPER facility in Europe. As far as expertise on IFE physics related issues is concerned, researchers from several MS are pursuing the related topics with joint experiments under international collaboration. During the life time of this CRP, it has been possible to integrate the expertise on different areas of inertial fusion energy from several researchers involved in the MS to demonstrate the capability and progress towards to goal of an inertial fusion power plant.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To enhance collaboration and implement a networking approach for exchange of R&D in the area of beam-plasma/beam-matter interactions related to target physics and fast ignition

• To enhance collaboration and implement a networking approach for exchange of R&D in the area of research to address unresolved key issues and/or advance the feasibility and

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attractiveness of individual drivers, targets and chambers that are part of integrated pathways

• To enhance collaboration and implement a networking approach for exchange of R&D in the area of research on key interface issues faced when developing integrated power plant systems (e.g., beam propagation through the chamber environment, target survival during injection, beam/target coupling, chamber response to target emission, etc.)

Outputs:

• Improvement of underlying theory

• Development of numerical code capabilities

• Modelling of inertial fusion energy target designs

• Performance analyses of the integrated systems

• Design of suitably discriminatory experiments

• Development of experimental facilities, targets and diagnostics

• Databases

• Knowledge dissemination and networking among participants

• Scientific publications

• Recommendation of specifications for the next generation of research facilities, as well as for the power plant design itself

Impact of the CRP:

• This CRP has promoted the establishment of a networking culture among the CRP participants. The possibility of collaboration offered by the network has enabled many exchanges of ideas, thereby fostering a comprehensive and coordinated approach in solving scientific and technical issues. In addition, thanks to their involvement in the network and their association with the Agency, participants have experienced a greater recognition of their work within their own institutions, higher visibility elsewhere globally. Results obtained within the frame work of this CRP represent a significant contribution towards addressing the on-going scientific and technological issues and the problems encountered by the inertial fusion energy community. This CRP has been an encouragement to the participants from developing countries to pursue their interest on inertial fusion energy research.


• Activities carried out are relevant to the agency’s project on nuclear fusion energy research. This CRP has been, in particular, a strong support in establishing and stream-lining a strong network among the participants. Further, this CRP has been instrumental in supporting the involvement in worldwide inertial fusion endeavours of developing countries where main stream fusion facilities, expertise and resources are limited.


1. . . list of 72 publications under CRP F1.3010 between 2006-2010.

2. TECDOC. 2013. TEDOC-1704, Report of a coordinated research project

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CRP No. 1475 (F44002)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Nuclear Data Libraries for Advanced Systems: Fusion Devices (FENDL-3)

Section/Division: Nuclear Data Section, NAPC


Total Cost: € 94,346.46


Objectives of CRP:


The overall project objective of providing comprehensive and accurate data libraries for advanced nuclear applications has been considerably fulfilled by the production of the FENDL-3 data library for fusion technology.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• The objective of the CRP is to update the existing FENDL-2.1 library to extend the energy range from 20 to 60 MeV, to add charged particle induced data and to update individual reactions with new data. Such an extended and improved FENDL-3 data library is required for fusion technology applications in particular IFMIF and ITER.

Outputs:

• Most existing evaluated data libraries are focussed towards fission applications and concentrate on data for neutron-induced reactions below 20 MeV. There is a trend towards higher energies and other applications as can be seen in the European JEFF library, but in the past the needs of fusion technology have been largely met by the IAEA initiates beginning in the 1990s on the FENDL libraries; FENDL-1, FENDL-2 and FENDL-2.1. Work on these previous CRPs and the current one have stimulated work on data above 20 MeV, both as measurements and the evaluation techniques. Similarly knowledge of charged particle-induced reactions both by protons and deuterons has been advanced by the present CRP. The main output of the CRP is the FENDL-3 data library which contains both basic evaluated files and many processed forms suitable for applications.

Impact of the CRP:

• The previous library, FENDL-2.1 was recognised by the ITER project as the reference data set for the project. Several of the present CRP participants have close links to ITER and there is a recommendation in the Benchmarking report (INDC(NDS)-0631) that ‘It is thus recommended to ITER to replace FENDL-2.1 as reference data library for neutronics calculation by FENDL-3.0’. It is thus expected that the new FENDL-3 library will make a

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positive impact on work for ITER and because of the high energy data on the planned materials test facility IFMIF.


• The CRP is judged to be very relevant. Prior to its commencing a Technical Meeting in 2007 (INDC(NDS)-0525) recommended that there was a real need for a new data library to support ITER, IFMIF and other fusion technology requirements. The new CRP attracted very active researchers in the field and the work has been concluded satisfactorily with the production of a data library that should prove of great benefit to fusion technology.


• It is recommended that the NDS monitor the use of the library and any problems found with it. Improvements to the library resulting from validation and benchmarking will be undertaken and if major updates are judged to be required then a new CRP will be considered in the future.


1. Database. 2013. Nuclear Data Libraries for Advanced Systems: Fusion Devices (FENDL-3)

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CRP No. 1378 (T12020)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Conversion of Miniature Neutron Source Research Reactors (MNSR) to Low Enriched Uranium

(LEU)

Section/Division: Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section, NEFW


Total Cost: € 151,441.11


Objectives of CRP:


1.4.2.3 "Addressing Research Reactor Fuel Cycle Issues", Activity 1.4.2.3/02 "Support Activities Related to Research Reactor Core Conversion and Return of Research Reactor Spent Fuel to the Country of Origin". The CRP contributed a comprehensive approach for conversion from Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU) to Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) of Miniature Neutron Source Reactors (MNSR) including the analysis of the feasibility of conversion and provided the basis to safely convert individual MNSR reactors to qualified LEU fuels. Besides, a detailed description of the calculations and studies necessary to safely plan and implement conversion has been documented in the CRP's final report. Although focused on the particular case of MNSRs, the findings of the CRP are of general interest for the research reactor community because they make available a comprehensive picture of the methodology and systematized approach to conduct the studies and calculations that are also necessary for the safe conversion from HEU to LEU of other types of research reactors.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To establish a common approach for the conversion to LEU of the existing MNSR reactors through a comparative analysis of the feasibility of conversion.

• To provide the basis for individual MNSR reactors to safely convert to qualified LEU fuel.

• To carry out calculations and conduct studies necessary to plan and implement MNSR conversion to LEU.

• To disseminate information on the various technical and other steps necessary to safely convert MNSR reactors to LEU fuel.

Outputs:

• At the end of the CRP, it is expected that all of the participants will have acquired an appropriate understanding of the technical and other steps necessary as well as the documentation that will be required in order to meet national regulatory requirements to carry out the conversion of their HEU-fuelled MNSR reactors to LEU cores.

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• Information acquired through the CRP will be published by the Agency in the form of a technical publication that will serve as an addendum to the IAEA’s existing core conversion handbook.

Impact of the CRP:

• Through the CRP: a) A solid common approach for conversion to LEU of the existing MNSR reactors through a comparative analysis of the feasibility of conversion has been developed; b) The basis for individual MNSR reactors safe conversion to qualified LEU fuels has been made available; c) Necessary calculations have been performed; d) Studies necessary to plan and implement conversion have been conducted; and e) Relevant information regarding the various technical and other steps necessary for safe conversion has been disseminated.

• The most relevant impact of the CRP is that, as a direct result of CRP's outputs, conversion from HEU to LEU of MNSR reactors in China and Ghana are underway at the time of writing. Conversion of MNSRs to LEU in other countries will follow in the near future.


• The CRP has to be appreciated as a relevant and successful undertaking on both technical and no-proliferation aspects. Institutions in Member States with HEU fuelled MNSR reactors have been provided with all the safety relevant analyses and a suitable fuel design to convert to LEU fuel with minimal reduction to the utilization capacity of the reactors. In addition, the CRP has made an outstanding contribution to the international non-proliferation initiatives to reduce and eventually eliminate the use of HEU in civil commerce.


• The Agency should continue supporting and coordinating activities and decision making processes related to the safe conversion of MNSRs to LEU and returning of the HEU fuel to China.

• The Agency should assist institutions operating MNSRs in capturing lessons learnt from each MNSR conversion and make sure that the information is shared among all stakeholders for improvement of the process in subsequent conversions.

• The Agency should facilitate proper coordination of the tests to be conducted at the new Zero Power Testing Facility in Beijing as the basis of benchmarking all codes used in the conversion analyses.

• The Agency should support implementation of additional scope for MNSR activities including exchange of information and experience in the following: utilization, maintenance, code upgrading (validation, benchmarking), equipment and facility upgrading, training and R&D applications.

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CRP No. 1507 (D12011)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Integrated Isotopic Approaches for an Area-wide Precision Conservation to Control the Impacts

of Agricultural Practices on Land Degradation and Soil Erosion

Section/Division: Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 454,012.62


Objectives of CRP:


The expected research outputs of this CRP contributed to the accomplishment of the overall objective of the Major sub-programme entitled: "Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production Systems", and the specific objectives of Project 2.1.1.1 on: "Development of Soil Management and Conservation Practices for Sustainable Crop Production and Environmental Protection (IAEA PWB 2008-2009)".

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Further develop the combined use of FRNs (Fallout Radionuclides) techniques in combination with conventional techniques and spatial analysis to establish soil redistribution patterns and rates over several temporal scales on an area-wide basis (catchment).

• Develop and validate protocols for the application of Compound-Specific Stable Isotope (CSSI) techniques to identify and apportion the amount of source soils from main land uses/management (cropland, grassland and forestland) in the catchment

• Integrate nuclear based approaches with other non-nuclear techniques through modelling and other tools to establish comprehensive soil redistribution studies on an-area wide basis.

• Create the basis to develop decision support tools for implementing precision conservation and contributing to sustainable land management.

Outputs:

• Field validated combined use of FRN for establishing soil redistribution patterns and rates over several temporal scales on an area-wide basis (catchment).

• Harmonized protocols for the application of CSSI techniques at the catchment scale in a range of environments and land use systems.

• Modelling and other approaches for the integrated application of FRN and CSSI finger-printing techniques to establish comprehensive soil redistribution studies in the catchment, including the identification of hot spots diffuse pollution areas.

• Better understanding of the land use/management impacts on soil redistribution and the location of hot spots diffuse pollution areas on an area-wide scale.

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• Enhanced capacity of NARS to conduct applied research on comprehensive soil redistribution studies with the aid of nuclear and related techniques.

• Research findings communicated to the wider scientific community for further transfer to land use managers and policy-makers, which will be the end-users and beneficiaries.

Impact of the CRP:

• Integrated nuclear based approaches (FRNs and CSSI techniques) have been developed and validated to establish comprehensive soil redistribution studies and identification of soil sources and hot spots diffuse pollution areas and support the implementation of site-specific management practices targeting specific erosion processes and nutrient/agrochemical removal.

• Member States have increased capacity and better access to decision support tools to support the implementation of precision conservation for sustainable land management and thus, contributing to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of food security and environmental sustainability.

• Currently two regional TC projects (RLA5064 and RAS5055) and one interregional project (INT5153) have been developed and started to disseminate the use of fallout radionuclides in combination with compound-specific stable isotope analysis for better soil conservation at landscape level and climate change adaptation / mitigation strategies.

• The knowhow developed in the CRP is currently being disseminated to over 40 countries.

• An interregional training course on the integrated use of FRN and CSSI techniques for soil conservation at landscape level will be held in Seibersdorf (6 - 31 October 2014) with support from TC-IAEA.


• This CRP has shown in an exemplary way how the concept of CRPs can assist in the development of innovative isotope and nuclear techniques that contribute to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of food security and environmental sustainability.

• This CRP demonstrates a clear example of how CRP and TCPs can be intricately linked to increase the speed of dissemination of the developed techniques.


• Specific Objective 1: Further develop the combined use of FRNs techniques in combination with conventional techniques and spatial analysis to establish soil redistribution patterns and rates over several temporal scales on an area-wide basis (catchment).

i. The use of Be-7 has attracted increasing attention due to its ability to provide

information on short-term soil and sediment redistribution. Recent work undertaken by the CRP has further confirmed this potential. Further work is nevertheless required to: (1) explore spatial variability of fallout inputs (because of its short half-life), (2) topographic and vegetation cover effects, including plant uptake, on Be-7 fallout inputs, (3) spatial variability of soil hydrological properties and their influence on depth profiles, and (4) interaction of fallout inputs with surface runoff.

ii. The significant decay of bomb-derived Cs-137 since fallout (75% lost) will limit

its future use. The potential advantages of Plutonium (radioisotopes Pu-239 and Pu-240) over Cs-137 as an erosion tracer, associated with its much longer half-life (about 24000 years for Pu-239 and 6500 years for Pu-240), greater

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sensitivity of analysis and increased accuracy, and its use in areas impacted by Chernobyl fallout need to be explored further.

iii. Existing FRN (Cs-137, Be-7 and Pb-210) soil redistribution conversion models do

not pay attention to propagating uncertainty through to the estimated soil redistribution rates. Further work is required to address this issue in collaboration with specialist modelling teams. For total and excess Pb-210, further attention to measurement errors is required.

iv. The potential to use FRNs to quantify wind erosion needs further investigation,

building on recent preliminary work in Canada, China and Russia.

v. Recent developments at Seibersdorf relating to in-situ measurement of Cs-137 offer exciting potential for the application of FRN measurements and their upscaling. This includes cost, time, and portability, the potential to work in remote areas, pre-screening to develop more effective sampling strategies and rapid repeat surveys. This work is still in its initial stages and its continuation, including further testing and validation, is strongly supported.

• Specific Objective 2: Develop and validate protocols for the application of CSSI techniques to identify and apportion the amount of source soils from main land uses/management (cropland, grassland and forestland) in the catchment

i. It was recommended that SIAR or its updated revised version “MixSIAR” be used in preference to IsoSource modelling because of the more robust mathematical principles behind this model. There is still a role for Isosource where there are large isotopic signature differences between sources and source variance are not important or have not been measured.

ii. The isotopic proportions from the mixing models must be converted to soil proportions and error propagation calculations must be included.

• Specific Objective 3: Integrate nuclear based approaches with other non-nuclear techniques through modelling and other tools to establish comprehensive soil redistribution studies on an-area wide basis. No recommendations

• Specific Objective 4: Create the basis to develop decision support tools for implementing precision conservation and contributing to sustainable land management.

i. Based on the outcomes of this CRP, efforts should be made to develop a protocol that allows selection of the most appropriate methodological approach (FRN, CSSI or combined technique).

ii. Evidence should be provided to show that FRNs and CSSIs are cost-effective both compared to conventional methods and to the damage costs caused by the on-site and off-site impact of erosion and sediment redistribution.


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1. Protocol on the Use of Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Techniques to Identify and Apportion Soil Sources from Land Use,. 2014. Protocol on the Use of Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Techniques to Identify and Apportion Soil Sources from Land Use, written by Max Gibbs in close collaboration with all CRP participants

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CRP No. 1437 (D32026)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: The Early and Sensitive Diagnosis and Control of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR)

Section/Division: Animal Production and Health Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 650,532.10


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP will contribute to the Agency’s project entitled “Technologies for reducing risk from trans-boundary livestock diseases and those for veterinary public health” (E202).

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Evaluate and validate current Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) methods in use for the diagnosis of PPR. There are different methodologies for RNA extraction and different sets of primers, target different regions of the genome, etc. These methodologies will be standardised, compared and validated.

• Evaluate and validate real-time PCR. This quantitative method does not require several procedures but can be run as a single set up in one machine. In comparison to conventional PCR the RT-PCR offers increased sensitivity and specificity in a rapid format but requires a relatively expensive machine and expensive reagents.

• Design and evaluation of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. It is a novel approach performed at one temperature, which allow obtaining extremely high amplification efficiency. It is a highly specific test based on six primers recognizing the target sequences. Compared to classical PCR, LAMP is much faster, quantitative and the amplification products can be detected by visual inspection or in real-time by the addition of a DNA intercalating fluorescent dye. Therefore, LAMP technology seems to be cost-effective in comparison to other current amplification technologies and has therefore a great potential use in developing countries for pathogen transboundary animal disease surveillance such as PPR.

• Evaluate and validate a penside test currently under development for rapid and cheap identification of PPR virus in the field. It will be based on the use of a PPRV specific monoclonal antibody produced by the APU at Seibersdorf

Outputs:

• Standardised and validated RT-PCR procedures for PPRV identification

• Improved capacity for PPR diagnosis in participating laboratories,

• Reference materials available to be used as controls in PPR tests by Member States.

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• Increased PPRV sequence data available for molecular epidemiology and disease control.

Impact of the CRP:

• As indicated above, the capacity of the different laboratories that were part of the CRP were improved for PPR diagnosis. The epidemiological data that were obtained from Burkina Faso and Ghana were considered in the planning of the control programme that is currently on-going in those two countries with the support of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

• Five fellows, coming from countries involved in this CRP, were trained in APHL for PPR diagnosis. Fellows from two other countries, not included in the CRP, were also trained in APHL on the use of techniques developed during this for PPR diagnosis.


• This aim assigned to this CRP was to develop, validate and transfer to Member States sensitive, specific and rapid tests for the diagnosis of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) to help them better manage and control this transboundary animal disease (TAD) which is drawing back small ruminant productions in many developing countries. Indeed, in Asia and Africa, PPR is the main killer of sheep and goat, thus the main threat to the livelihood of the poor farmers because those animals are among the major livestock species they rely on. It is why an animal disease consultancy which was carried out in early 2000’s singled out PPR as one of the important animal diseases to be taken into consideration in poverty alleviation policies. Because of the high negative economic impact in countries affected by PPR, this disease is one of the priorities of the FAO Emergency Preventive System (EMPRES) programme. At the recent Global Rinderpest Eradication (GREP) which was held in Rome on October 13-14, 2010, and taking into consideration the risk that PPR may pose in a “rinderpest-free world”, experts requested FAO to develop strategy (ies) in link with other partner institutions for the progressive control of PPR even its eradication as what has been achieved now for rinderpest. This strategy should be based on knowledge on the epidemiology of the disease, in particular the different animal species that could be infected by PPR virus (PPRV). All the tools that were developed and the information that were acquired will help in designing PPR control programmes as it is the case of the current PPR control programme in Burkina Faso and Ghana. The two laboratories from these countries are analysing perfectly all samples collected during this programme (not sent anymore abroad for analysis as it was the case before). FAO and OIE are developing a strategy for PPR global control programme. The laboratories in this CRP are prepared to contribute in the implementation of this future control programme and tools that were developed will be used for the analysed of collected samples.


• At the end of the 3rd RCM, participant recommended the extension of this or a start of a new CRP on PPR considering the economic importance of this disease and the chance to have a global control programme as that was the case for the rinderpest, the first animal disease that has been eradicated (PPR has the same characteristic as rinderpest).


1. Research paper. 2009. Li Wei; Li Gang; Fan XiaoJuan; Zhang Kun; Jia FengQin; Shi LiJun; Unger, H.Journal Zhongguo Yufang Shouyi Xuebao; Establishment of a rapid method for detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. / Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2009 Vol. 31 No. 5 pp. 374-378 ISSN1008-0589

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2. Symposium. 2009. Khalafalla A.I., Intisar K.S., Ali, Y.H. (2009).Virus implicated in respiratory

infections of camels. Proceedings of the second Conference of ISOCARD, P 12. Djerba- Tunisia 12-14 March 2009

3. Research paper. 2010. Intisar, K.S.; Ali, Y.H.; Khalafalla, A.I.; Mahasin, E.A/Rahman. (2010). Current situation of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in the Sudan. Trop Anim Hlth Prod, 42 (1) 89-93.

4. Research paper. 2010. Khalafalla AI, Saeed IK, Ali YH, Abdurrahman MB, Kwiatek O, Libeau G, Obeida AA, Abbas Z. An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in camels in the Sudan. Acta Trop. 2010, 116(2):161-5. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.08.002. PMID: 20707980

5. Research paper. 2010. Intisar, K.Saeed; Khalafalla, A.I.; El Hassan, S.M.; El Amin, M.A. (2011). Detection of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) antibodies in goats and sheep in different areas of Sudan using competitive ELISA. Sud J Vet Sci Anim Husb 50(1,2) 53 -61

6. Symposium. 2011. Intisar K.S.; Ali Y.H.; Khalafalla A.I.; Sahar M.A.; Shaza M.M.; Ishag O.M; Braa A.A; Haj M.A.; Nouri Y.M.; Taha K.M. (2011). Epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants in Sudan. Proceedings of the 4th Congress of European Microbiologists. Geneva, Switzerland, 26 – 30 June, 2011.

7. Research paper. 2011. Adombi CM, Lelenta M, Lamien CE, Shamaki D, Koffi YM, Traoré A, Silber R, Couacy-Hymann E, Bodjo SC, Djaman JA, Luckins AG, Diallo A. Monkey CV1 cell line expressing the sheep-goat SLAM protein: a highly sensitive cell line for the isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from pathological specimens. J Virol Methods. 2011, 173(2):306-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.02.024. PMID: 21371505

8. Research paper. 2011. Construction of Recombinant Baculovirus Containing Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus N Gene and Establishment of Indirect ELISA for Detecting Serum Antibodies; LI Wei ,LI Wen-chao ,WU Xiao-dong ,QIU Wen-ying ,ZHANG Kun ,Hermann Unger ,WANG Yong ,LI Gang; Chin J. animal a. vet sci; 2011, 1, 40-46

9. Research paper. 2011. Kwiatek O, Ali YH, Saeed IK, Khalafalla AI, Mohamed OI, Obeida AA, Abdelrahman MB, Osman HM, Taha KM, Abbas Z, El Harrak M, Lhor Y, Diallo A, Lancelot R, Albina E, Libeau G. Asian lineage of peste des petits ruminants virus, Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011, 17(7):1223-31. doi: 10.3201/eid1707.10121

10. Research paper. 2011. Luka PD, Erume J, Mwiine FN, Ayebazibwe C, Shamaki D. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of peste des petits ruminants viruses from north central states of Nigeria. BMC Vet Res. 2011, 7:32. doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-7-32. PMID: 21726444

11. research paper. 2012. Munir M1, Zohari S, Saeed A, Khan QM, Abubakar M, LeBlanc N, Berg M. Detection and phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus isolated from outbreaks in Punjab, Pakistan. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2012; 59:85-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01245.x. PMID: 21777402

12. Research paper. 2012. Luka PD, Ayebazibwe C, Shamaki D, Mwiine FN, Erume J. Sample type is vital for diagnosing infection with peste des petits ruminants virus by reverse transcription PCR. J Vet Sci. , 2012, 13(3):323-5. PMID: 23000590

13. Research paper. 2013. Wang Y, Liu G, Chen Z, Li C, Shi L, Li W, Huang H, Tao C, Cheng C, Xu B, Li G. Recombinant adenovirus expressing F and H fusion proteins of peste des petits ruminants virus induces both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in goats. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2013, 154:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm. 2013.05.002

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14. Research paper. 2013. Wang Y, Liu G, Shi L, Li W, Li C, Chen Z, Jin H, Xu B, Li G. Immune

responses in mice vaccinated with a suicidal DNA vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin glycoprotein from the peste des petits ruminants virus. J Virol Methods. 2013, 193(2):525-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.07.031.

15. research paper. 2013. Tao C, Li G, Wang Y, Huang H. Enzymatic reporting of peste des petits ruminants virus genes ligating two specific probes on nanoparticles. Biotechnol Lett. 2013, 35(4):613-8. doi: 10.1007/s10529-012-1120-3. PMID: 23247567

16. Research paper. 2013. K. A. Enan, K. S. Intisar, M. A. Haj, M. O. Hussien, K. M. Taha, A. M. Elfahal, Y. H. Ali and A. M. El Hussein. (2013). Seroprevalence of two Important viral diseases in small ruminants in Marawi Province Northern State, Sudan. International Journal of Livestock Production. 4 (2) 18-21.

17. Research paper. 2013. Kamissoko, B., Sidibé, C.A.K., Niang, M., Samaké, K., Traoré, A., Diakité, A., Sangaré, O., Diallo, A.,Libeau, G. Prévalence sérologique de la peste des petits ruminants (PPR) des ovins et caprins à travers le Mali. Rev. Med. Pays Tropicaux, 2013, 66: 5-10

18. Review paper. 2014. Libeau G., Diallo A. and Parida S. Evolutionary genetics underlying the spread of peste des petits ruminants virus. Animal Frontiers, 2014, Vol. 4 (1): 14-20

19. Book. 2014. Diallo, A., Libeau, G. (2014, in press). Peste des petits ruminants. In: Liu, D. (Ed.). Manual of Security Sensitive Microbes and Toxins. CRC Press

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CRP No. 1517 (D42014)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Development and Evaluation of Improved Strains of Insect Pests for SIT

Section/Division: Insect Pest Control Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 256,023.72


Objectives of CRP:


The CRP was implemented under Project 2.1.4.3 (Strengthening expertise and capacities to integrate SIT in area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) approaches against selected tsetse and screwworm populations) as part of Sub-program 2.1 (Sustainable Control of Major Insect Pests). Given that requests by developing Member States to include SIT in AW-IPM programs for many insect pests and disease vectors are increasing, the results and information provided by this CRP significantly contributed to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of these programs and particularly to make the production and use of sterile insects more efficient and hence more Member States can benefit from this environmentally-friendly and effective technology

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To apply existing technologies (classical genetics and/or molecular approaches) for the development of sexing strains in key insect pests

• To develop and integrate molecular and genetic marker strains to monitor released insects in the field, to tag transgenes and to determine the mating status of females in the field

• To develop strains with stabilized vectors integrated at targeted insertion sites to expand the safe and effective use of improved strains for SIT

• To encourage and attract participants to the CRP in the field of lepidopteran genetics

Outputs:

• A collection of strains of pest insects having stabilized vectors integrated at targeted insertion sites

• Increased knowledge of molecular mechanisms of sex determination and sex specific expression in pest insects

• Molecular techniques to obtain sex specific expression of lethal factors in several species

• Isolation of early embryonic promoters from many pest species

• Insect strains with marker genes to monitor insects in the field and to assess mating status of field females

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• Data on transgene penetrance, stability and fitness of genetic sexing strains during largescale rearing

• Data on mass rearing of classical genetic sexing strains in two new species of fruit fly

• Lepidopteran strains carrying gene insertions on the female determining chromosomeso as to kill females

• Knowledge and data to support risk assessment analysis for the eventual release oftransgenic insect strains

• Publication of results in peer reviewed journals

Impact of the CRP:

• The CRP expanded the list of key insect species for which genetic sexing strains areavailable and suitable for sterile insect technique applications in MS upon request. Thelist now includes, in addition to C. capitata and B. cucurbitae, the species B. dorsalis(strain Salaya 1), B. carambolae, B. correcta, Anastrepha ludens and A. suspensa. Also,CRP members developed and integrated molecular and genetic markers to monitorreleased insects in the field, to tag transgenes and to determine the mating status offemales in the field. Marked strains have been developed for C. capitata, Bactrocera (B.dorsalis and B. tryoni) and Anastrepha (A. ludens and A. suspensa) species. A sperm IDmethod was developed for the Vienna-8 genetic sexing strain of C. capitata which iscurrently in use in mass rearing facilities and SIT programs worldwide. Strains withstabilized vectors integrated at targeted insertion sites were developed to be able toassess the potential of the safe and effective use of transgenic strains. The CRP alsorecruited experts in the field of lepidopteran genetics and made significant progresstowards understanding the genetics of some moth pests.


• The results of the CRP are very relevant for operational SIT Programs for key insect peststhrough the development of improved strains for mass rearing and release. Forexample, transgenic sexing strains have been developed for two tephritid and twocalliphorid insect pests. In addition, the medfly GSS has been marked with stablefluorescent markers and classical genetic sexing strains have been developed for thefruit flies A. ludens, B. dorsalis and B. carambolae. The technology developed during thisCRP could be transferred to other insect pests. Moreover, the capabilities and genomicresources developed by several members of the CRP will facilitate a betterunderstanding of the biology of pest insects and provide a valuable resource for futurestrain development. The goal is to improve the technology and ultimately the fieldimplementation of SIT projects as well as effective transfer of technology and capacitybuilding.


• CRP participants made the following twenty recommendations: Extend knowledge onsex determination events during early embryogenesis of pest insects and identify keygenes in sex determination through computational and experimental approaches.


1. Various publication formats. 2009-2014. Various publications made during theimplementation of the CRP

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CRP No. 1291 (D52035)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Integrated Analytical Approaches to Assess Indicators of the Effectiveness of Pesticide

Management Practices at a Catchment Scale

Section/Division: Food and Environmental Protection Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 451,404.18


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP contributed to the Joint FAO/IAEA project on “Technologies and Capacity Building to Identify Good Agricultural Practices for the Management of Food and Environmental Hazards” (E3.02) which focuses on the development of principles, indicators and guidelines for agricultural practices that promote food safety and quality and environmental sustainability

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Establish laboratory capacity and indicators to assess the effectiveness of goodagricultural practices at catchment scale

Outputs:

• Established integrated methodology

• First tier modelling undertaken

• Implemented risk assessment and risk management

• Outreach implemented

• Harmonized protocols for sampling of surface waters developed

• Laboratory protocols developed for the analysis of water and particulate matter usingnuclear and related analytical technologies

• Baseline and trend data on the type and amount of pesticide contamination in surfacewater generated

• Validated PIRI outputs verified by analytical investigations

• Geo-referenced databases of monitored pesticide residue data

• Guidelines for establishment of monitoring schemes for pesticide contamination ofsurface water

• Guidelines for evaluation of monitoring data

• Establishment of regional centres for “hands-on-training” of laboratory personnel tomonitor objective indicators for the adoption of GAP

Impact of the CRP: Global outcomes and impact:

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• On analytical methodology: o Analytical capability by the laboratories has now been recognised by the

stakeholders resulting in requests for seeking advice and feedback. o The laboratory analytical network facilitated the inter-laboratory proficiency

testing in most participating countries. o The laboratory analytical network provided a platform to identify areas of

improvement necessary for enhancing food and environmental safety. These have been shared with decision makers responsible for risk management.

o In Southern China the monitoring strategy refined during the project has now been adopted by the National Water Monitoring Program.

• On biomonitoring: o The biomonitoring database facilitated the adaptation and/or development of

biomonitoring indices to local catchments. o The biomonitoring approach facilitated local community involvement and

enhanced managing water quality. o On modelling: o Results from the CRP have allowed a development of a novel concept to

enhance the utility of the risk indicator “PIRI” posterior to chemical monitoring such as through passive samplers

o The reliability and quality of the model input parameters on environmental fate of pesticides was enhanced through the use of nuclear technology.

• On outreach: o National networks with stakeholders for food and environmental safety of

pesticides were strengthened and some participating laboratories have now been invited to the catchment management panels.

o The manual of safe pesticide use and the so called triple wash programme was endorsed by multiple stakeholders (e.g. CuidAgro) resulting in increasing success of the programme.

o Stakeholder’s and scientific community awareness of indicators of pesticide management practices was enhanced through project activities such as open days.

o The integration of erosion measurements, drift assays, biomonitoring characterization allowed a more reliable interpretation of project results and more effective engagement with stakeholders.

• On risk Management: o The assessment of indicators for the effectiveness of pesticide management

practices has contributed to more effective and targeted campaigns on the safe use of pesticides and personal protective equipment to minimise occupation exposure in participating countries.

o Pesticides environmental risk (obtained through PIRI) as feedback to stakeholders has resulted in changes of the management practices, for example

• Chile – Based on the risk assessment, some growers adopted buffer zones, cover crops and used mulching to reduce soil loss as well as covering their waterways to protect them from drift incursions.

• Ecuador – growers changed their application method from tractor based sprayers to backpacks in order to minimise drift of pesticides.

• Brazil – Brazil developed a new project aiming at identifying the best schedule for pesticide application with low environmental risk for Sigatoka control

• Southern China: risk assessment data have been transmitted to the local EPA that is responsible for risk management, and as a result some of the pesticides are being

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phased out in vegetable production systems, e.g. chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, parathion, malathion, and dichlorvos.


• This CRP integrated risk assessment tools and targeted analytical monitoring as a cost-effective option for developing countries to identify specific water pollutants, their sources and occurrences. Nuclear and related techniques assisted in generating CRP outputs such as harmonized protocols for sampling and analysis of surface water. Georeferenced data, guidelines, and access to eLearning courses accelerated capacity building and lead to three major outcomes: (1) cost-effective, sustainable and catchment targeted monitoring schemes for surface water; (2) mechanisms to “feed back” the results of laboratory analysis to the primary producers community/extension services; and (3) information exchange on harmonized analytical methods and water monitoring schemes to improve pesticide management practices and the production of safe food.


• A set of outputs has been generated from the CRP, as expected; necessary actions should be now taken by Member States to convert these into stakeholders’ actions to be able to reach a higher impact level such as increased trade, food safety and environmental sustainability. Support from participants’ Institutions and National Authorities should remain sustainable in time and resources to ensure that the results and the approach resulting from the current project will be effectively disseminated and utilized in follow up national/regional programs. The evidence of pesticide contamination generated through this CRP calls for an urgent attention by the national authorities (e.g. atomic commissions) to support projects using nuclear and complementary technology for food safety and environmental protection. Maintain and enhance the momentum generated through the CRP to capture the benefits for promoting new programs aimed at improving food and environmental safety.


1. Book chapter, Pag. 227-255. Eds Anguiano O. L. Y Montagna C. M. EDUCO, UNComahue ISBN 978-987-604-154-6. (237-265) . 2011. Clasificación y toxicología de plaguicidas. Cap. 4. Dinámica ambiental de plaguicidas.

2. Publication in peer reviewed journal; Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B (2011) 46, 1–9 . 2011. Pesticide distribution in an agricultural environment in Argentina (2011)R.M. Loewy, L.B. Monza, V.E. Kirs and M.C. Savini.

3. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v.34, p.59 - 66. 2010. Eisenia andrei COMOBIOINDICADOR DE CONTAMINAÇÃO DE SOLO POR HEXACLOROBENZENO.

4. Revista do Instituto Biológico, 2009. v.71. p.83 – 202. 2009. Monitoramento de resíduos de agrotóxicos em águas superficiais no Vale do Ribeira, SãoPaulo, Brasil. O Biológico

5. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, 45(2), 152-161.. 2010. Rapid multiresidue determination for currently used pesticides in agricultural drainage waters and soils using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Yang XB, Ying GG and Kookana RS.

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6. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58, 7915-7921. 2010. Influence of biochars on plant uptake and dissipation of two pesticides in an agricultural soil. Yang XB, Ying GG, Peng PA, Wang L, Zhao JL, Zhang LJ, Yuan P and He HP

7. Journal Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management vol. 5(3): 476-482.. 2009. Pesticide Risk Management using Indicators for Vineyards in the Central Valley of Chile

8. Revista MAGAP Abril 08. 2008. Enfoques analíticos integrados en la evaluación de Buena Prácticas Agrícolas.

9. Int. J. Disaster Management and Risk Reduction. Vol 3 (2), pp 64-72. ISSN:1992-2744. . 2011. Metribuzin sorption dynamics in acid soils of Nzoia Sugarcane zone in western Kenya. Lagat SC, Lalah JO, Kowenje CO, Getenga ZM, R. Chepkui.

10. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol Vol 85 (6) pp 602-608, DOI: 10.1007/s00128-010-0133-7. 2010. Impact of Fertilizers on Heavy Metal Loads in Surface Soils in Nzoia Nucleus Estate Sugarcane Farms in Western Kenya.Omwoma S, Lalah JO, Ongeri DMK, MB Wanyonyi

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CRP No. 1370 (G34002)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Biology of Male Mosquitoes in Relation to Genetic Control Programmes

Section/Division: Insect Pest Control Section, NAFA


Total Cost: € 361,719.34


Objectives of CRP:


The Agency project overall objective is to assist Member States in developing technology and methods to put together a SIT package to suppress, as part of an integrated approach, mosquito populations that transmit diseases to human. The CRP contributed significantly to this objective by (i) increasing the knowledge of male biology especially on their feeding and courtship behaviour, but also on their sexual capacity; (ii) improving, refining, and harmonizing mosquito rearing and sterilization procedures to produce sterile males of high quality that will be able to compete with the wild males to mate the wild females in the field. All the findings of this CRP are of high relevance to the mosquito programme of the IAEA and also for all TC projects (SAF5013, SUD5034, RAF5065, MAR5019, SRL5044, RAS2012043) related to assessing feasibility of using the SIT to suppress mosquito population. Furthermore, a special issue of a peer review journal entitled “Biology of male mosquitoes in relation to genetic control programmes” is going to be published in 2014. More than 20 articles have been already submitted to ACTA TROPICA.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Mosquito male pre-mating conditions

• Mosquito mating systems

• Contribution of molecular/chemical approaches to the understanding of male mosquito mating behavior

Outputs:

• As described in the original CRP proposal in the logical framework

Impact of the CRP:

• The sharing of expertise and knowledge of male mosquito biology and behaviour has been highly desirable. Over the CRP period (6 years), researchers from around 17 countries exchanged results on the topic and a solid network was created around critical questions necessary to assess the use of novel approaches (SIT, IIT, transgenic) to control mosquitoes. Knowledge gained, practical procedures and standard protocols developed during the CRP were distributed among the participants to be able to

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conduct comparison when possible. Technology transfer for the dosage of metabolic resources (ie, sugars, glycogen, lipids and proteins) has been done between Burkina Faso, Benin, France and La Réunion. Moreover, staff from Burkina Faso visited La Réunion for skill transfer in swarm sampling.


• The CRP was extremely relevant to the advancement towards mosquito SIT implementation. Focusing research on male mosquito biology and behaviour was crucial for the implementation of future control programmes in Member States and highly relevant to the mosquito project 2.1.4.4. While data on male mosquito biology remain “small” and “scarce” the CRP succeeded in creating research groups focussing on aspects allowing the assessment of the quality of released insects according to their rearing and also identifying male biology and behaviour traits that will help establishing mosquito surveillance and assessing the efficacy of a released programme. Effectively the CRP brought the participants together, resulting in goal-oriented applied research that produced tangible results. In addition to standardized protocols and guidelines developed during the CRP, dissemination of the results will be ensured by the publication of a special issue of a peer-reviewed journal providing universal access to the advances made. The progress obtained in the CRP highly contributes to the feasibility studies for the use of SIT in an AW-IPM to control mosquito populations in Sudan, South Africa, Burkina Faso, Benin, Italy, French Polynesia, Brazil, and La Réunion.


• At least some degree of institutional memory is important, in particular for implementing CRPs that have a life of 6-8 years when taking into account planning, execution and final publication of a special issue in a peer review journal.

• Carry out additional research on the chemical approach and test individual compounds identified on male mosquito attractiveness.

• Member States confirmed the urgent need to have male-only strain for all the new vector control approaches.

• Carry out additional research to refine mass-rearing system (Cage / Tray / Rack / Diet) and standardize protocols.

• Continue networking among main researchers on SIT, IIT, transgenics programmes to optimize and strengthen this approach.

• Start the adaptation of the existing fruit fly spreadsheet for designing mosquitoes rearing facilities. The data collected by MOSCAMED mass-rearing facility in Brazil should help to develop a first draft.

• Continue to share expertise of mass-rearing facility: optimal design for different geographical areas and different species.

• Cost-benefit analysis to demonstrate differences between doing nothing, conventional approaches and SIT.

• Liaise with all relevant stakeholders and advocate widely for the use of SIT in targeted areas/countries.

• Propose new CRPs on quality control methods, manual for mosquito species, development of efficient male trapping methods and release methods.


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1. article in peer review journal. 2013. HASSAN, M.M., H.M. ZAIN, M.A. BASHEER, H-E.F. ELHAJ, B.B. EL-SAYED (in press). Swarming and mating behavior of male Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae) in an area of the Sterile Insect Technique Project in Dongola, northern Sudan. Acta Tropica

2. article in peer review journal. 2013. GATO, R., A. COMPANIONI, R.Y. BRUZON, Z. MENENDEZ, A. GONZÁLEZ, M. RODRÍGUEZ (in press). Release of thiotepa sterilized males on cages populations of Aedes aegypti: life table analysis. Acta Tropica

3. article in peer review journal. 2010. ALBIERI, A., M. CARRIERI, P. ANGELINI, F. BALDACCHINI, C. VENTURELLI, S. MASCALI ZEO and R. BELLINI (2010). Quantitative monitoring of Aedes albopictus in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy: cluster investigation and geostatistical analysis. Bulletin of Insectology 63(2): 209-216.

4. article in peer review journal. 2010. BELLINI, R., A. ALBIERI, F. BALESTRINO, M. CARRIERI, D. PORRETTA, S. URBANELLI, M. CALVITTI, R. MORETTI and S. MAINI (2010). Dispersal and survival of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) males in Italian urban areas and significance for sterile insect technique application. Journal of Medical Entomology 47(6): 1082-1091.

5. article in peer review journal. 2011. MEDICI, A., M. CARRIERI, E.-J. SCHOLTE, B. MACCAGNANI, M. DINDO and R. BELLINI (2011). Studies on Aedes albopictus larval mass-rearing optimization. Journal of Economic Entomology 104(1): 266-273.

6. article in peer review journal. 2012. BELLINI, R., A. MEDICI, A. PUGGIOLI, F. BALESTRINO and M. CARRIERI (2012). Pilot field trials with Aedes albopictus irradiated sterile males in Italian urban areas. Journal of Medical Entomology (in print).

7. article in peer review journal. 2011. CARRIERI, M., P. ANGELINI, C. VENTURELLI, B. MACCAGNANI and R. BELLINI (2011). Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) population size survey in the 2007 Chikungunya outbreak area in Italy. I. Characterization of breeding sites and evaluation of sampling methodologies. Journal of Medical Entomology 48(6): 1214-1225.

8. article in peer review journal. 2011. CARRIERI, M., A. ALBIERI, P. ANGELINI, F. BALDACCHINI, C. VENTURELLI, S. MASCALI ZEO and R. BELLINI (2011). Surveillance of the chikungunya vector Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Emilia-Romagna (northern Italy): organizational and technical aspects of a large scale monitoring system. Journal of Vector Ecology 36(1): 108-116.

9. article in peer review journal. 2012. CARRIERI M., P. ANGELINI, C. VENTURELLI, B. MACCAGNANI and R. BELLINI (2012). Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) population size survey in the 2007 Chikungunya outbreak area in Italy. II: Estimating epidemic thresholds. Journal of Medical Entomology 49(2): 388-399.

10. article in peer review journal. 2013. BELLINI, R., F. BALESTRINO, A. MEDICI, G. GENTILE, R. VERONESI and M. CARRIERI (2013). Mating competitiveness of Aedes albopictus radio-sterilized males in large enclosures exposed to natural conditions. Journal of Medical Entomology 50(1): 94-102.

11. article in peer review journal. 2013. BELLINI, R., A. PUGGIOLI, F. BALESTRINO, P. BRUNELLI, A. MEDICI and M. CARRIERI (in press). Sugar administration to newly emerged Aedes albopictus males increases their survival probability and mating performance. Acta Tropica.

12. article in peer review journal. 2011. BROWN, J. E., C. S. MCBRIDE, P. JOHNSON, S. RITCHIE, C. PAUPY, H. C. BOSSIN, J. LUTOMIAH, I. FERNANDEZ-SALAS, A. PONLAWAT, A. J. CORNEL, W. C. BLACK IV, N. GORROCHOTEGUI-ESCALANTE, L. URDENATA-MARQUEZ, M. SYLLA, M. SLOTMAN, K. O. MURRAY, C. WALKER and J. R. POWELL (2011). Worldwide patterns of genetic differentiation imply multiples

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domestications of Aedes aegypti, a major vector of human diseases. Proceedings of the Biological Society 278(1717): 2446-2454.

13. article in peer review journal. 2012. GUILLAUMOT, L., R. OFANOA, L. SWILLEN, N. SINGH, H. C. BOSSIN, F. SCHAFFNER, (2012). Distribution of Aedes albopictus (Diptera, Culicidae) in southwestern Pacific countries, with a first report from the Kingdom of Tonga. Parasites & Vectors 5: 247.

14. article in peer review journal. 2012. MERCER, D. R., J. MARIE, H. C. BOSSIN, M. FAARUIA, A. TETUANUI, M. A. CHEONG SANG and S. L. DOBSON (2012). Estimation of population size and dispersal of Aedes polynesiensis on Toamaro motu, French Polynesia. Journal of Medical Entomology 49(5) : 971-980.

15. article in peer review journal. 2012. MERCER, D. R., H. C. BOSSIN, M. A. CHEONG SANG, O’CONNOR L. and S. L. DOBSON (2012). Monitoring temporal abundance and spatial distribution of Aedes polynesiensis using BG-Sentinel® traps in neighboring habitats on Raiatea, Society Archipelago, French Polynesia. Journal of Medical Entomology 49(1) : 51-60.

16. article in peer review journal. 2012. O’CONNOR, L., C. PLICHART, A. C. SANG, C. L. BRELSFOARD, H. C. BOSSIN and S. L. DOBSON (2012). Open Release of Male Mosquitoes Infected with a Wolbachia Biopesticide: Field Performance and Infection Containment. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 6(11) : e4797.

17. article in peer review journal. 2013. HAPAIRAI, L. K., M. A. CHEONG-SANG, S. P. SINKINS and H. C. BOSSIN (2013). Comparison of the CDC Backpack and InsectaZooka aspirators for sampling Aedes polynesiensis (Culicidae) mosquitoes in French Polynesia. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association [submitted].

18. article in peer review journal. 2013. HAPAIRAI, L. K., M. A. CHEONG-SANG, S. P. SINKINS and H. C. BOSSIN (2013). Population studies of the filarial vector Aedes polynesiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in two island settings of French Polynesia, Journal of Medical Entomology [submitted].

19. article in peer review journal. 2013. HAPAIRAI, L. K., H. JOSEPH, M. A. CHEONG-SANG, W. MELROSE, A. S RITCHIE, T. R. BURKOT, S. P. SINKINS and H. C. BOSSIN (2013). Field evaluation of selected traps and lures for monitoring the filarial and arbovirus vector, Aedes polynesiensis (Diptera: Culicidae), in French Polynesia. Journal of Medical Entomology [submitted].

20. article in peer review journal. 2011. CHAMBERS E. W., L. HAPAIRAI, B. A. PEEL, H. C. BOSSIN and S. L. DOBSON (2011). Male Mating Competitiveness of a Wolbachia–Introgressed Aedes polynesiensis strain under Semi-Field Conditions. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5(8): e1271.

21. article in peer review journal. 2013. CHAMBERS, E. W., H. C. BOSSIN, S. A. RITCHIE, R. C. RUSSELL and S. L. DOBSON (2013). Landing response of Aedes (Stegomyia) polynesiensis mosquitoes to coloured targets, Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Jan. 22.

22. article in peer review journal. 2009. BENEDICT, M. Q., B. G. J. KNOLS, H. C. BOSSIN, P. I. HOWELL, E. MIALHE, C. CACERES, A. S. ROBINSON (2009). Colonisation and mass rearing: learning from others. Malaria Journal 8(Suppl. 2): S4.

23. article in peer review journal. 2013. HAPAIRAI, L.B., J. MARIE, S.P. SINKINS, H.C. BOSSIN (in press). Effect of temperature and larval density on Aedes polynesiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) laboratory rearing productivity and male characteristics. Acta Tropica

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24. Master Thesis. 2012. BERNARD, Q. (2012). Bases chimiques de la communication et des relations insectes-plantes chez deux espèces de moustiques. Master 2 « Sciences du vivant », Spécialité «Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles », Faculté des Sciences, Université de la Réunion. p90.

25. Master Thesis. 2012. KERAMPRAN, R. (2012). Etude des relations entre acquisition des ressources et fitness chez les mâles d’Anopheles arabiensis (Diptères : Culicidae): Approches comportementale, physiologique et biochimique. Master 2 « Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Tropicaux (BEST) », Spécialité « Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Naturels », », Faculté des Sciences, Université de la Réunion. P50.

26. article in peer review journal. 2013. GOUAGNA L.C., R. KERAMPRAN, C. LEBON, C. BRENGUES, C. TOTY, D.A. WILKINSON, S. BOYER, D. FONTENILLE (In Press) Sugar-source preference, sugar intake and relative nutritional benefits in Anopheles arabiensis males. Acta Tropica,

27. article in peer review journal. 2012. BUTAIL, S., N. MANOUKIS, M. DIALLO, J. RIBEIRO, T. LEHMANN and D. PALEY (2012). Reconstructing the flight kinematics of swarming and mating behavior in wild mosquitoes. Journal of the Royal Society Interface 7(9):2624-2638.

28. article in peer review journal. 2011. CHARLWOOD, J. D., E. V. TOMÁS, P. SALGUEIRO, A. EGYIR-YAWSON, R. J. PITTS, J. PINTO (2011). Studies on the behaviour of peridomestic and endophagic M form Anopheles gambiae from a rice growing area of Ghana. Bulletin of Entomological Research 101(5): 533-539.

29. article in peer review journal. 2012. CHARLWOOD, J. D., E. V. TOMÁS, P. SALGUEIRO, A. EGYIR-YAWSON, R. J. PITTS, J. PINTO (2012). Feeding frequency and survival of Anopheles gambiae in a rice-growing area in Ghana. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 26(3): 263-270.

30. article in peer review journal. 2009. DABIRE, K., A. DIABATE, M. NAMONTOUGOU, L. DJOGBÉNOU, P. KENGNE, F. SIMARD, C. BASS, T. BALDET (2009). Distribution of insensitive acetylcholinesterase (ace-1R) in Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations from Burkina Faso (West Africa). Tropical Medicine and International Health 14: 396-403.

31. article in peer review journal. 2010. PENNETIER, C., B. WARREN, K. DABIRÉ, I. RUSSELL and G. GIBSON (2010). Singing on the wing as a mechanism for species recognition in the malarial mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Current Biology 20, 131-136.

32. Master Thesis. 2008. POUEME R. (2008). Etude du comportement trophique des mâles d’Anopheles en rapport avec le sucre des plantes. Master International d’Entomologie médicale et Vétérinaire (MIE) UAC/UM2/CREC/IRSP/IRD, Cotonou, Bénin. p20.

33. article in peer review journal. 2012. SAWADOGO, P., A. DIABATÉ, A. SANON, H. TOÉ, T. BALDET, G. GIBSON, J. GILLES, F. SIMARD, S. SINKINS and K. DABIRÉ (2012). Effects of Age and Size on Anopheles gambiae s.s. Male Mosquito Mating Success. Journal of Medical Entomology 50(2): 285-93.

34. article in peer review journal. 2013. SAWADOGO, P., C. COSTANTINI, C. PENNETIER, A. DIABATÉ, G. GIBSON and K. DABIRÉ (2012). Influence of circadian rhythms and environmental factors on the timing of natural swarming behavior in Anopheles gambiae M and S molecular forms in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Parasites & Vectors [in press].

35. article in peer review journal. 2013. SAWADOGO, P., M. NAMOUNTOUGOU, J. ROUAMBA, P. KENGNE, K. TOÉ, A. SANON, A. OUARI, L. GOUAGNA, A. DIABATÉ, G. GIBSON and K. DABIRÉ (2013). Four years surveys of swarming and mating systems in natural populations of Anopheles gambiae M and S forms in area of sympatry, Burkina Faso (West Africa). Life Science [submitted].

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36. Master Thesis. 2008. OUEDRAOGO, R. (2008). Mise en évidence de l'alimentation sucrée

chez les vecteurs du paludisme dans deux localités de l'Ouest du Burkina Faso. Diplôme d’Etude Approfondie (DEA). Faculty of Science, Université Polytechnique Bobo Dioulasso. p47.

37. article in peer review journal. 2013. DABIRÉ, K., P. SAWADOGO, A. DIABATÉ, H. TOÉ, P. KENGNE, A. OUARI, C. COSTANTINI, C. GOUAGNA, F. SIMARD, T. BALDET, T. LEHMANN and G. GIBSON (2013). Assortative mating in mixed swarms of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s. M and S molecular forms, in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Medical and Veterinary Entomology [Epub ahead of print].

38. Master Thesis. 2011. MAÏGA, H. (2011). Analyse des ressources énergétiques nécessaires aux activités d’essaimage et d’accouplement chez Anopheles gambiae. Master International d’Entomologie médicale et Vétérinaire (MIE) UAC/UM2/CREC/IRSP/IRD, Cotonou, Bénin. p25

39. article in peer review journal. 2010. GOUAGNA, L., R. POUEME, K. DABIRÉ, J. OUEDRAOGO, D. FONTENILLE and F. SIMARD (2010). Pattern of sugar feeding and host plant preferences in adult males of An. gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Vector Ecology 35: 267-276.

40. article in peer review journal. 2012. MAÏGA, H., K. DABIRÉ, T. LEHMANN, F. TRIPET and A. DIABATÉ (2012). Variation in energy reserves and role of body size in the mating system of Anopheles gambiae. Journal of Vector Ecology 37(2): 289-297.

41. article in peer review journal. 2013. GOUAGNA, L., R. POUEME, R. OUEDRAOGO, K. DABIRÉ and J. OUEDRAOGO. The ecology of Anopheles gambiae with reference to sugar feeding in malaria endemic villages in Western Burkina Faso. [in preparation].

42. article in peer review journal. 2013. MAIGA, H., A. NIANG, S. SAWADOGO, R. DABIRÉ, R.S. LEES and J.R.L. GILLES (in press), Tripet f and Diabaté A. Role of nutritional reserves and body size in Anopheles gambiae males mating success. Acta Tropica.

43. article in peer review journal. 2013. DABIRÉ, K.R., P.S. SAWADOGO, D.F. HIEN, N.S. BIMBILÉ-SOMDA, D.D. SOMA, A. MILLOGO, T. BALDET, L.C. GOUAGNA, F. SIMARD, T. LEFÈVRE, A. DIABATÉ, R.S. LEES and J.R.L. GILLES (in press). Occurrence of natural Anopheles arabiensis swarms in an urban area of Bobo-Dioulasso city, Burkina Faso, West Africa. Acta Tropica.

44. article in peer review journal. 2013. SAWADOGO, S., P.M. NAMOUNTOUGOU, K.H. TOÉ, J. ROUAMBA, H. MAÏGA, K.R. OUÉDRAOGO, T. BALDET, L.C. GOUAGNA, P. KENGNE, F. SIMARD, C. COSTANTINI, G. GIBSON, A. DIABATÉ, R.S. LEES, J.R.L. GILLES and K.R. DABIRÉ(in press). Swarming behaviour in natural populations of Anopheles gambiae M and S forms: Review of 4 years survey in rural areas of sympatry, Burkina Faso (West Africa). Acta Tropica.

45. article in peer review journal. 2008. DJOGBÉNOU, L., F. CHANDRE, A. BERTHOMIEU, R. DABIRE, A. KOFFI, H. ALOUT and M. WEILL (2008). Evidence of introgression of the ace-1(R) mutation and of the ace-1 duplication in West African Anopheles gambiae s. s. PLoS ONE, 3: e2172.

46. article in peer review journal. 2009. DJOGBÉNOU, L. Lutte antivectorielle contre le paludisme et résistance des vecteurs aux insecticides en Afrique. Médécine Tropicale 69: 160-164.

47. article in peer review journal. 2009. DJOGBÉNOU, L., P. LABBE, F. CHANDRE, N. PASTEUR, and M. WEILL (2009). Ace-1 duplication in Anopheles gambiae: a challenge for malaria control. Malaria Journal 8: 70.

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48. article in peer review journal. 2010. DJOGBÉNOU, L., N. PASTEUR, M. AKOGBÉTO, M. WEILL and F. CHANDRE. Insecticide resistance in the Anopheles gambiae complex in Benin: a nationwide survey. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 1: 12.

49. article in peer review journal. 2010. DJOGBÉNOU, L., N. PASTEUR, S. BIO-BANGANA, T. BALDET, S. IRISH, M. AKOGBÉTO, M. WEILL and F. CHANDRE (2010). Malaria vectors in the Republic of Benin: distribution of species and molecular forms of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Acta Tropica 114(2): 116-122.

50. article in peer review journal. 2013. ASSOGBA ,B.S., L. DJOGBÉNOU, J. SAIZONOU, A. DIABATÉ, R.K. DABIRÉ, J.R.L. GILLES, M. MAKOUTODÉ and T. BALDET (in press). Characterization of swarming and mating behaviour between Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles melas in a sympatry area of Benin. Acta Tropica.

51. article in peer review journal. 2013. YAHOUÉDO, G.A, L. DJOGBÉNOU, J. SAÏZONOU, B. S. ASSOGBA, M. MAKOUTODÉ, J. GILLES, M. HAMIDOU,K. MOULINE, B.K. SOUKOU, F. Simard (in press). Effect of Three Larval Diets on Larval Development and Male Sexual Performance of Anopheles gambiae s.s. Acta Tropica

52. Master Thesis. 2012. ERIKSOON, M. (2012). Chemical investigations of species in the genus Hoya (Apocynacea). Master Thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.

53. article in peer review journal. 2010. HASSAN, M., EL-MOTASIM, W., AHMED, R. and. EL-SAYED, B. (2010). Prolonged colonisation, irradiation, and transportation do not impede mating vigour and competitiveness of male Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes under semi-field conditions in Northern Sudan. Malaria World Journal 1: 2.

54. article in peer review journal. 2009. MANOUKIS, N., A. DIABATÉ, A. ABDOULAYE, M. DIALLO, A. DAO, A. YARO, J. RIBEIRO and T. LEHMANN (2009). Structure and dynamics of male swarms of Anopheles gambiae. Journal of Medical Entomology 46(2):227-235

55. article in peer review journal. 2013. PITTS, R.J., R. MOZURAITIS, A. GAUVIN-BIALECKI, G. LEMPÉRIÈRE (in press). The Roles of Kairomones, Synamones and Pheromones in the Chemically-Mediated Behaviour of Male Mosquitoes. Acta Tropica

56. article in peer review journal. 2013. MANOUKIS, N.C., S. BUTAIL, D.L. SHISHIKA, D.A. PALEY, J.M.C. RIBEIRO (in press). Stereoscopic Video Analysis of Anopheles gambiae Behavior in the Field: Challenges and Opportunities. Acta Tropica

57. article in peer review journal. 2011. MUNHENGA, G., D. BASIL, T. BROOKE, F. CHIRWA, R. HUNT, D. GOVENDER, M. COETZEE and L. KOEKEMOER (2011). Evaluating the potential of the sterile insect technique for malaria control: Relative fitness and mating compatibility between laboratory colonized and a wild population of Anopheles arabiensis from the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Parasites & Vectors 4: 208.

58. article in peer review journal. 2013. MUNHENGA, G., B. BROOKE, B. SPILLINGS, L. ESSOP, T. CHIRWA, S. MIDZI, D. GOVENDER, L. KOEKEMOER. SIT field feasibility study site selection, species abundance and monthly distribution of Anopheline mosquitoes in northern Kruger National Park, South Africa [in preparation].

59. article in peer review journal. 2013. DAHAN Y.L., L.L. KOEKEMOER (in press).Analysis of the genitalia rotation in the male Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae). Acta Tropica,

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60. article in peer review journal. 2013. CARVALHO, D.O., A.L. COSTA-DA-SILVA, R.S. LEES and M.L. CAPURRO (in press). Two step male release strategy using transgenic mosquito lines to control transmission of vector-borne diseases. Acta Tropica.

61. article in peer review journal. 2013. CHADEE, D.D. and J.R.L. GILLES (in press). The diel copulation periodicity of the mosquito, Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) at indoor and outdoor sites in Trinidad, West Indies. Acta Tropica.

62. article in peer review journal. 2013. CHADEE, D.D., J.M. SUTHERLAND and J.R.L GILLES (in press). Diel sugar feeding and reproductive behaviours of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Trinidad: With implications for mass release of sterile mosquitoes. Acta Tropica.

63. article in peer review journal. 2013. IYALOO D.P., K.B. ELAHEE, A. BHEECARRY and R.S. LEES (in press). Guidelines to site selection for population surveillance and mosquito control trials: A case study from Mauritius. Acta Tropica.

64. article in peer review journal. 2013. LEES, R.S., B. KNOLS, R. BELLINI, M.Q. BENEDICT, A. BHEECARRY, H.C. BOSSIN, D.D. CHADEE, J.D. CHARLWOOD, R.K. DABIRÉ, L. DJOGBENOU, A. EGYIR-YAWSON, R. GATO, L.C. GOUAGNA, M.M. HASSAN, S.A. KHAN, L.L. KOEKEMOER, G. LEMPERIERE, N.C. MANOUKIS, R. MOZURAITIS, J. PITTS, F. SIMARD and J.R.L. GILLES (in press). Increasing our knowledge of male mosquito biology in relation to genetic control programmes. Acta Tropica.

65. article in peer review journal. 2013. MADAKACHERRY, O., R.S. LEES and J.R.L. GILLES (in press). Aedes albopictus (Skuse) males in laboratory and semi-field cages: release ratios and mating competitiveness. Acta Tropica.

66. article in peer review journal. 2013. OLIVA, C.F., D. DAMIENS and M.Q. BENEDICT (in press). Male reproductive biology of Aedes mosquitoes. Acta Tropica.

67. article in peer review journal. 2013. OLIVA, C.F., M.J.B. VREYSEN, S. DUPÉ, J.R.L. GILLES, L.C. GOUAGNA, R.S. LEES and R. CHHEM (in press). Current status and future challenges for controlling malaria with the sterile insect technique: technical and social perspectives. Acta Tropica.

68. article in peer review journal. 2013. BOURTZIS, K., S. DOBSON, Z. XI, J.L. RASGON, M. CALVITI, L.A. MOREIRA, H. BOSSIN, R. MORETTI, L.A. BATON. G.L. HUGHES, P. MAVINGUI and J.R.L. GILLES. Harnessing mosquito-Wolbachia symbiosis for vector and disease control. Acta Tropica.

69. article in peer review journal. 2013. OLIVA, C.F., M.J.B. VREYSEN, S. DUPÉ, J.R.L GILLES, L.C. GOUAGNA, R.S. LEES, R. CHHEM (in press). Current status and future challenges for controlling malaria with the sterile insect technique: technical and social perspectives. Acta Tropica

70. article in peer review journal. 2013. GILLES, J.R.L., M. SCHETELIG, F. SCOLARI, M. MAREC, M.L.CAPURRO, G. FRANZ and K. BOURTZIS (in press). Towards mosquito Sterile Insect Technique programmes: exploring genetic, molecular, mechanical and behavioural methods of sex separation in mosquitoes. Acta Tropica

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CRP No. 1367 (E13031)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Role of Nuclear Cardiology Techniques in Ischemia Assessment with Exercise Imaging in

Asymptomatic Diabetes

Section/Division: Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging Section, NAHU


Total Cost: € 441,451.80


Objectives of CRP:


This study is the first multicenter, multinational prospective study that evaluated the prevalence of myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic type 2 DM and age- and gender-matched control subjects with CAD risk factors in the developing world. The major findings of the study are as follows: (1) DM participants had more ischemia by MPI than controls, and DM was independently associated with presence of ischemia by MPI, (2) DM participants had more ischemia by MPI than by ECG during exercise, (3) there was no difference in prevalence of ischemia by ECG between DM and controls, (4) exercise ECG was not predictive of MPI findings especially in women, and (5) women with DM had less ischemia than men. While other studies reported a similar incidence of ischemia in asymptomatic diabetics as compared to non-diabetics with other risk factors, we have shown that this does not apply to populations from the developing world and that clinical research from countries and high level centres where patients get the best possible treatments. These findings will add significant insight regarding screening for CAD in DM and the utility of screening tests not only in the developing world but also in parts of developed world where there is substantial disparity in access to health care. This study is the first multicenter, multinational prospective study that evaluated the prevalence of myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic type 2 DM and age- and gender-matched control subjects with CAD risk factors in the developing world. The major findings of the study are as follows: (1) DM participants had more ischemia by MPI than controls, and DM was independently associated with presence of ischemia by MPI, (2) DM participants had more ischemia by MPI than by ECG during exercise, (3) there was no difference in prevalence of ischemia by ECG between DM and controls, (4) exercise ECG was not predictive of MPI findings especially in women, and (5) women with DM had less ischemia than men.

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While other studies reported a similar incidence of ischemia in asymptomatic diabetics as compared to non-diabetics with other risk factors, we have shown that this does not apply to populations from the developing world and that clinical research from countries and high level centres where patients get the best possible treatments This study is the first multicentre, multinational prospective study that evaluated the prevalence of myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic type 2 DM and age- and gender-matched control subjects with CAD risk factors in the developing world.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• The predominant cause of death in diabetes mellitus (DM) is coronary artery disease (CAD). Little is known about prevalence of silent ischemia in developing nations. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of ischemia by SPECT perfusion imaging performed during symptom limited treadmill or bicycle exercise in asymptomatic diabetic patient enrolled in developing countries and compare it to an age and sex-matched control group with no diabetes but with coronary risk factors.

• The primary hypothesis is that ischemia, as detected by SPECT imaging, is more common in diabetic than in non-diabetic patients. We specifically will select asymptomatic patients because: Silent ischemia is of major concern in this group; asymptomatic patients by far represent a much larger number of patients than symptomatic ones

• The secondary hypotheses are: o Ischemia is more commonly detected by SPECT than by ECG o Men and women with DM have lower exercise capacity than men and women

without DM, respectively. o Left ventricular (LV) function abnormalities, assessed as Ejection Fraction (EF)

and volumes measured by gated SPECT, are worse in DM than in patients without DM.

o The prevalence of ischemia will increase in proportion to the number of risk factors and the effectiveness of treatment.

o Although this study is not powered to look at outcome, we hypothesise that at a minimum of 1 year follow up, patients with SPECT ischemia will have more hard events, defined as death of any cause, cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), need for revascularization, and hospitalisation for heart failure or stroke.

• Validation of the hypothesis above will provide support for current guidelines on management of diabetes patients which are currently not evidence-based, support the use of exercise SPECT imaging in detecting ischemia in type-II diabetes. The study will further show the limitations of exercise ECG even though this test is less expensive and more widely available.

• To determine the change and predictors of ECG exercise parameters (ST and non ST) over a period of time among patients with DM enrolled in IAEA 1.

• To determine the change and predictors of MPI parameters over a period of time among the patients with DM enrolled in IAEA 1.

• To determine the change and predictors of LV function parameters over a period of time among the patients with DM enrolled in IAEA 1.

• To examine the interaction between the exercise parameter (ST and non ST) and MPI and LV function parameters.

• To examine the association between exercise parameter (ST and non ST), MPI and LV function parameters and the three-year outcome on patients enrolled in IAEA 1.

• To investigate the role of autonomic neuropathy and CPR and GFR to events, as well as to perfusion patterns and LV function.

Outputs:

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• The study population consisted of 597 participants (392 DM and 205 control subjects). The most common reasons for exclusion (n=74) included an abnormal ECG (n=27), missing or uninterpretable MPI (n=19), pharmacologic stress (n=12), age _40 years (n=7), absence of risk factors in control group (n=3), abnormal coronary angiography (n=2), and MI (n=1). CAD risk factors were more prevalent in the control group. DM participants achieved lower workload than control participants and had lower peak heart rate even after accounting for age. ECG data were not available for 12 of 597 subjects (8 DM and 4 controls). ECG was not diagnostic in response to exercise for 88 of 585 subjects (15%), and more DM participants had nondiagnostic ECGs than control participants (17% vs 10%, p=0.03). Among participants with diagnostic ECGs similar proportion of DM and control participants had ischemic ECG changes (15% vs 12%, p=0.5). Except for 1 participant in each group who experienced ST elevation with exertion, ischemic ECG represented ST depression. In participants with ischemic ECG, severe ischemia (>2-mm ST shift) occurred more frequently in DM participants (56% vs 27%, p=0.03). Summed Stress Score (SSS) for each participant stratified by DM status and exercise ECG findings is shown in Figure 1. A higher proportion of DM than control participants had abnormal perfusion (SSS >3) on SPECT imaging (26% vs 14%, p <0.001). Both SSS and SDS were higher in DM than control participants (Table 2). In participants with SSS >3, SRS was not different between groups (2.0 _ 3.5 vs 1.2 _3.1, p ¼ 0.08). In the control group, a similar proportion of participants had ischemia by ECG and MPI (14% vs 11%, p ¼ 0.50). In the DM group, more participants had ischemia by MPI than by ECG (26 vs 15%, p <0.001).

• More DM than control participants had perfusion abnormalities that were moderate or large (p ¼0.002). These findings were unchanged when SDS was used instead of SSS. The DM group also had larger defects when assessed as the number of myocardial segments involved (Table 2). Majority of participants with MPI ischemia had negative rather than nondiagnostic ECGs in both groups.

• In a multivariable logistic regression model, DM was independently associated with presence of MPI ischemia (SSS >3). This association was homogenous across recruiting centers and was unchanged when individual risk factors were replaced by number of risk factors each participant had (OR for DM 2.1, 95% CI 1.2e3.4, p <0.001) or when participants with SRS >3 (n=30) were excluded (OR for DM 1.9, 95% CI 1.1e3.3, p=0.02). In a separate model that included DM participants, DM duration was independently associated with ischemia on MPI. In participants with ischemia by MPI, only 17% had ischemia by ECG (67% negative, 17% nondiagnostic), and in those without ischemia by MPI, 10% had ischemia by ECG (75% negative, 15% nondiagnostic). These distributions were similar for DM and control groups but showed differences between genders. Women were less likely to have ischemia by MPI (10% vs 30%, p <0.001) and more likely to have nondiagnostic ECG (20% vs 12%, p ¼ 0.01), and concordance between ECG and MPI was much worse in women. In particular, the proportion of women with ischemia by MPI did not depend on ECG result (w10% of women had MPI ischemia regardless of ECG result, p=0.9), whereas for men, more MPI ischemia was observed among ECG positives (41% among positives, 25% among nondiagnostic, and 26% among negatives, p=0.02). Accordingly, the proportion of participants with ischemic ECG changes with no MPI ischemia was higher in women (90% vs 59%, p=0.03). In a logistic regression model, participants with ischemic ECG changes were more likely to have MPI ischemia compared with those with negative or nondiagnostic results, but the association was not statistically significant (OR=1.54, 95% CI 0.85-2.86, p=0.2). Importantly, after accounting for both gender and ECG ischemia, DM continued to be significantly associated with MPI ischemia (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.3, p <0.001), and there was no interaction between DM and ECG ischemia for prediction of MPI ischemia (p for interaction 0.7).

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Impact of the CRP:

• Some countries presented the preliminary results at national consensus meetings to help policy makers for better management of health resources in diabetic population.

• In addition, this CRP stimulated to carry out detailed study on this subject in some countries such as Algeria where the Hospital of Bab El Oued of Algiers, has undertaken a National Project to find out strategy of early detection of Myocardial Ischemia in diabetic patients.

• The major findings of the study are as follows: (1) DM participants had more ischemia by MPI than controls, and DM was independently associated with presence of ischemia by MPI, (2) DM participants had more ischemia by MPI than by ECG during exercise, (3) there was no difference in prevalence of ischemia by ECG between DM and controls, (4) exercise ECG was not predictive of MPI findings especially in women, and (5) women with DM had less ischemia than men.

• While other studies reported a similar incidence of ischemia in asymptomatic diabetics as compared to non-diabetics with other risk factors, we have shown that this does not apply to populations from the developing world and that clinical research from countries and high level centres where patients get the best possible treatments.


• Taking into account, that Diabetes Mellitus is a serious health problem and by the year 2030 it is anticipated that more than 300 million people worldwide will suffer from diabetes, and that 80% of those patients will die of cardiovascular complications, the outcome of this CRP was found to have significant relevance for early detection and the management of CAD in asymptomatic diabetic patients.


1. scientific paper. 2013. Hage FG, Lusa L, Dondi M, Giubbini R, Iskandrian AE; IAEA Diabetes Investigators. Exercise stress tests for detecting myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 2013 Jul 1;112(1):14-20.

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CRP No. 1411 (E13032)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Performance of Rest Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in the Management of Acute Chest Pain in

the Emergency Room



Total Cost: € 408,048.23


Objectives of CRP:


Rest myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is effective in managing patients with acute chest pain in developed countries. We aimed to define the role and feasibility of rest MPI in low-to-middle income countries. The mission of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is to supervise and coordinate the peaceful utilization of atomic energy. This includes the support of research-coordinated projects in this pursuit. This study has been conducted in ten Nuclear Medicine Centres of eight countries with the main goal of evaluating the feasibility of performing rest MPI in ER in developing nations, and to detect or exclude Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). We had the unique opportunity of evaluating the challenges of implementing rest MPI in developing nations. The overall objective of the CRP was to establish effective use of appropriate in vivo nuclear medicine procedures in the management of non-communicable diseases in the developing Member States through IAEA support. Taken together, these results will provide strong evidence of the commitment of IAEA in its effort to wipe out an important killer in the developing countries because primary prevention measures or coronary revascularization, or both, could be formulated on the basis of objective evidence of ischemia. Prior work has shown the presence or absence of ischemia, rather than symptoms, to be the most important factor affecting survival.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• The primary hypothesis of this CRP is that a normal myocardial perfusion SPECT study at rest, performed within the first 6 hours of admission, safely rules out an Acute Coronary Syndrome. We specifically selected patients with chest pain presenting with non-diagnostic ECG and negative troponin at admission.

• The secondary hypothesis is that a normal myocardial perfusion SPECT study at rest is not associated with major events within the first 30 days of clinical course.

Outputs:

• Provide support for guidelines on management of patients with acute chest pain which are currently not evidence based.

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• Support the use of resting SPECT imaging in excluding Acute Coronary Syndrome in patients with chest pain in the setting of Emergency Departments

Impact of the CRP:

• This study was designed to evaluate patients arriving to the ER with acute chest pain in 10 centres of 8 nations (Brazil, Chile, Cuba, India, Pakistan, Slovenia, South Africa and Vietnam). We included patients who presented to the ER within 6 hours from the last episode of chest pain, with low-intermediate probability of having ACS, and a normal or non diagnostic electrocardiogram. Patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD) or a known initial positive troponin level were excluded. Results are expressed as mean ± 1SD, median or percentage of the total. Hard cardiac event rate (a composite of cardiac death, non fatal MI, admission for ACS and revascularisation not driven by follow-up stress testing) was assessed at 30 days. Currently 350 patients are included in this study, mean age 53.2 ± 12.7 years-old, 42.7% women. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 27,1 ± 4.6.There were 45 patients (12.6%) with DM, 195 (54.9%) with hypertension, 26.4% smoking, 25.8% dyslipidaemia and 27% with family history of CAD. Patients received IV 99m Tc based tracer injection (87% Sestamibi and 13% Tetrafosmin). See tables in attachment for more detailed analysis of results.


• Our study has demonstrated that a protocol to investigate low-to-intermediate probability chest pain syndromes incorporating rest MPI can be readily implemented in the developing world. The technique is safe and feasible and has an extremely high NPV, particularly in predicting death and nonfatal MI. With the problem of coronary disease growing, a call for developing nations to increase the availability of nuclear medicine facilities is timely.


1. scientific paper. 2012. Performance of rest myocardial perfusion imaging in the management of acute chest pain in the emergency room in developing nations (PREMIER trial). Journal of Nuclear Cardiology. December 2012, Volume 19, Issue 6, pp 1146-1153

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CRP No. 1425 (E13034)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in Coronary Artery Disease with Nuclear Techniques



Total Cost: € 301,147.66


Objectives of CRP:


Patients undergoing exercise/rest GSPECT were enrolled in this international multicentre study. Post-exercise studies were acquired at 15±5 min after radiotracer injection (Stress-1) and repeated at 60±15 min (Stress-2). Rest studies (R) were acquired at 60 min post injection. A core laboratory quantitatively assessed perfusion pattern and LV blinded to the acquisition time. Ischemia was defined as summed stress score (SDS) =4, and stunning was defined as the difference between rest and post-stress LVEF (?-LVEF). In the 229 patients enrolled into the study, both image quality and perfusion information were similar between Stress-1 and Stress-2. Post-stress LVEF was associated with both ischemia and time of acquisition, with a significant correlation between SDS and ?-LVEF, which was stronger at Stress-1 than Stress-2 in the ischemic compared to the non-ischemic population (r=0.23 vs. 0.08, p=0.10). Conclusions. Early post-exercise imaging is feasible, and can potentially improve the detection of post-ischemic stunning without compromising image quality and perfusion data.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To improve the detection of transient ischemic-induced systolic dysfunction after exercise, by performing early GSPECT acquisition

• To evaluate the feasibility, image quality and functional parameters obtained by early post-stress GSPECT acquisition and compare them to those obtained by the standard acquisition

• To assess the incremental prognostic value of transient LV dysfunction over other nuclear, clinical and exercise data

Outputs:

• Availability of a standardized protocol for GSPECT acquisition early after exercise

• Publication of results in peer reviewed journals

Impact of the CRP:

• It is projected that CAD mortality rates will double from 1990 to 2020, with approximately 82% of the increase attributable to the developing world. It is suggested

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that rapid socioeconomic growth in emerging countries increases exposure to risk factors for CAD. Thus, precise identification of high- risk patients may have an impact not only in survival rates but also in cost-savings, which represents a major issue in regions with low economic resources and limited availability of high-tech revascularization procedures


• The results of our investigation suggest that early post-exercise imaging retains most quality attributes and perfusion information compared to late acquisition, since perfusion scores were exactly the same in >95% of cases. Furthermore, early acquisition was able to detect a greater decrease in post-exercise LVEF in ischemic patients. Even though the average difference between ?-LVEF at Stress-1 and Stress-2 was moderate, LVEF significantly decreased in the ischemic patients

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CRP No. 1379 (E15020)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Application of FDG-PET and Molecular Gene Profiling for Risk Stratification of Diffuse Large

B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Different Ethnic Populations



Total Cost: € 466,492.72


Objectives of CRP:


2.2.2. 1. Managing Chronic Diseases with Integrated Diagnostic Imaging Modalities emphasizing Infectious Cardiovascular and Cancer. The Mission of the Division of Human Health is to “enhance the capabilities in Member States to address needs related to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of health problems through the application of nuclear techniques”. This CRP has contributed significantly to this goal through the improvement of the management of patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (DLBCL), which is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL). The CRP contributes significantly to NAHU’s mission by (i) increasing the knowledge on the use of PET in the diagnosis, prognosis and follow –up of patients with DLBCL and, (ii) improving, refining, and harmonizing the use of Molecular Biology methodology for gene profile analyses. All the findings of this CRP are of high relevance to the medical community involved in the management of patients with DLBCL. In addition, TC projects related to the implementation of PET around the world, (that constitute about 25% of the projects of the NMDI Section) will benefit from this CRP.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To develop prognostic algorithms to improve the treatment and outcome of patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in developing countries.

Outputs:

• Study design

• Standard Operating Procedures

• Implemented Work Plans

• Data collected and analysed

• Papers in national and international scientific journals

Impact of the CRP:

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• After the exclusions the final number of patients included in the research was 327, which to our knowledge is the largest database ever collected for this type of studies, as of today the largest court of patient included on a research is 161 patients.

• An additional strength is the multi-centric, multi-regional characteristics of the study thus allowing the comparison among different ethnic population in particular non-westerns European and North America, providing data that is definitely a gap in the literature and make this study a great contribution to lymphoma patient management.

• One of the Nuclear Medicine researchers was able to collate and analyse the PET studies from 140 patients with lymphoma involvement in order to perform a quantitative analyses and this information was used to obtain a PhD.

• The methods and the sample analysis were used by a three Molecular Biologists to conduct their doctoral thesis, and received PhD certifications.

• An outstanding result of this CRP was the presentation of 11 papers at major international congresses and 3 awards, recognizing the high relevance and excellent quality of this research (list of abstract is included under Additional Information).

• Implementation of the methodology for gene analyses in the research centres.

• The results of this research are in line with the data available in Europe and North America, and confirmed the usefulness and relevance on iPET for the prediction of outcome in DLBCL patients in non-western population.

• After the departure of the initial project officer, the coordination of the new Project Officer was crucial to recover the CRP and obtained outstanding results being able to integrate the group, stimulating the researches to continue with the patient recruitment and follow up. Perhaps one of the turning-points was the recruitment of a Data Base manager able to recuperate and complete the data and a statistician for the analysis.


• Our study resolves a decade of conflicting opinion on the ability of PET to identify patients as good or poor prognosis with sufficient certainty to guide treatment. Recent clinical trials have used mid-treatment PET scan results to direct therapy, including stem cell transplanting patients with a slow response on imaging. Our large cohort provides conclusive evidence that this growing practice is not justified.

• Our study, sponsored by the International Atomic Energy Agency, includes 327 patients from eight countries in five geographical regions. It demonstrates the power of international collaboration to generate data that are novel and generalizable to healthcare in developed and developing countries.

• An additional value of this project is the peer support provided to centres in developing countries, thus enhancing their capabilities to address the management of patients with DLBCL by the appropriate use of PET/CT enhancing safety and quality of practice.

• Implementation of Molecular Biology methodology for gene analyses in the research centres, useful not only not only for the evaluation of 6 gene profiling analysis of biological variation in DLBCL but extendible to several diseases.


• In light of the results of this study it would be advisable to conduct other CRPs to establish management algorithms to improve the treatment and outcome of patients with other malignancies.


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1. J Nucl Med 2013, 54, Suppl. 2: 361P. 2013. The prognostic role of interim FDG PET in DLBCL performed after 2 cycles of chemoimmunotherapy: comparison of visual and semiquantitative evaluation

2. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2012, Vol 39, Supplemnet 2. . 2012. Negative Interim PET Consistently Predicts for Better Outcome of DLBCL in an IAEA-Sponsored Multi-national Study

3. J. NUCL. Med. Meeting abstracts, May 2012; 52: 28. 2012. Positron emission tomography with 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-desoxy-D-glucose after two cycles of R-CHOP predicts event free survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Partial results from multi-center IAEA-sponsored study

4. ALASBINM Journal Year 14, Number 54, October 2011. 2011. Interim FDG PET after two/three cycles of R-CHOP predicts event free survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: preliminary results from an international IAEA-sponsored study.

5. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging (2011) 38 (Suppl 2):S93–S228:. 2011. Interim FDG PET after two/three cycles of R-CHOP predicts event free survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: preliminary results from an international IAEA-sponsored study

6. J. NUCL. Med. Meeting abstracts, May 2011; 52: 28. . 2011. Positron emission tomography with 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-desoxy-D-glucose after two cycles of R-CHOP predicts event free survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Partial results from multi-center IAEA-sponsored study

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CRP No. 1527 (E24016)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Development of Quality Audits for Radiotherapy Dosimetry for Complex Treatment Techniques

Section/Division: Dosimetry and Medical Radiation Physics Section, NAHU


Total Cost: € 144,858.67


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP was included in 2.2.4.1 Project: Quality Audits in Dosimetry for Radiation Therapy

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To develop and make available a methodology and procedures for national EAGs for dose measurement of complex radiotherapy parameters used for cancer treatment. This included TLD based dosimetry for irregular MLC fields for conformal radiotherapy, for heterogeneous situations, and for small MLC shaped fields relevant to stereotactic radiotherapy and applicable to dosimetry for IMRT. In addition it included a new development of film-based 2D dosimetry for testing dose distributions, specifically beam penumbra, in small field geometry.

Outputs:

• The CRP was to develop new audit methodology and procedures with the active input from all participants including testing of phantoms, new dosimetry audit methods, technical procedures and reporting mechanisms. The expected research outputs from this CRP were the following:

o A methodology and procedures to be developed for dose measurement audit of irregular MLC-shaped fields.

o A methodology and procedures to be developed for dose measurement audit of dose calculations for heterogeneities.

o A methodology and procedures to be developed using radiochromic film to monitor 2D relative dose distributions for small MLC-shaped fields. Auditing penumbra of such fields is of importance for stereotactic radiotherapy beams and is directly relevant to dosimetry for IMRT beams.

o A specific set of written guidelines, with methodology/action plan, to perform the quality audits and also guidelines for the evaluation of these audits for radiation dosimetry in the specified complex treatment situations to be developed and adapted to local circumstances of each CRP participating country. These included operating procedures for megavoltage photon beam dosimetry quality audits in these complex situations and the design of instruction sheets, irradiation forms and results reporting forms.

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• The experience from feasibility and pilot studies was evaluated for practical information for the potential use of these audits by any new or existing national dosimetry audit network. A set of extensively tested phantoms capable of assessing an institution’s radiation dosimetry practices for megavoltage photon beams in these complex treatment situations, including MLC-shaped fields and heterogeneity, is available.

• Completed testing, feasibility and pilot studies for dose measurements on-central beam axis for complex radiotherapy beam parameters will be published (journal publication). Expertise and technology developed under this CRP will be validated by the national networks and will be available for transfer to other Member States (in an IAEA publication).

Impact of the CRP:

• The results of the CRP have contributed to the overall increase in the radiation dosimetry expertise in the participating countries. Direct experience has been gained by the countries involved in the CRP, on the practical methods and procedures to extend TLD measurements to conditions closer to those used for patient treatments in more complex geometries. Secondly, the network structures, extended to include these new auditing activities, will be available as examples of how to develop the infrastructure and implement new auditing methods and procedures. The expertise acquired in this CRP can be disseminated and adapted, using suitable methodology and structures, by national audit systems in any country operating dosimetry audits for radiotherapy based on mailed TLD, or wishing to do so.


• The ultimate benefit of this CRP is to potentially large numbers of patients requiring radiotherapy who will receive improved quality treatment with reduced likelihood for potential misadministration of the dose.


• There is a need to continue the development of methodology for national dosimetry audit networks to keep pace with changes and upgrades of radiotherapy technology.


1. Short paper. 2010. Mehenna Arib, Saad Khoudri, et al., A quality assurance programme in dosimetry for Algeria: from simple to complex, SSDL Newsletter 58, p. 31-32

2. Extended synopsis. 2010. A. M. Stefanic, G. Montaño, L. Molina, M. Saraví, Development of TLD audits for radiotherapy dosimetry in Argentina, CN-182-247, IDOS, Book of extended synopses

3. Short paper. 2010. C. C. B. Viegas, A. M. Viamonte, et al., The Brazilian experience in postal qualityaudits in radiotherapy, SSDL Newsletter 58, p. 32-34

4. Short paper. 2010. Daniela Ekendahl, Helena Žácková, TLD audit in radiotherapy in the Czech Republic, SSDL Newsletter 58, p. 35-36

5. Extended synopsis. 2010. S. Luo, Z. He, J. Yuan, B. Yang, K. Li, Development of methodology for TLD quality audits of MLC shaped photon beams in radiotherapy, CN-182-231, IDOS, Book of extended synopses

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6. Extended synopsis. 2010. K. Chelminski, W. Bulski, D. Georg, Z. Maniakowski, D. Oborska,

Energy dependence of radiochromic dosimetry films for use in radiotherapy verification, CN-182-153, IDOS, Book of extended synopses

7. Extended synopsis. 2010. J. Rostkowska, M. Kania, W. Bulski, B. Gwiazdowska, TLD audits for symmetric and asymmetric photon beams and electron beams in radiotherapy centers in Poland, CN-182-348, IDOS, Book of extended synopses

8. Extended synopsis. 2010. J. Izewska, G. Azangwe, P. Bera, IAEA support to national TLD audit networks for radiotherapy dosimetry, CN-182-344, IDOS, Book of extended synopses

9. Conference proceedings paper. 2011. J. Izewska, P. Bera, et al., IAEA support to national TLD audit networks for radiotherapy dosimetry, IDOS Conference Proceedings, IAEA, Vienna, 2011, p. 443-451

10. Conference abstract. 2013. J. Izewska, G. Azangwe, et al., IAEA quality audits in radiotherapy and support to national dosimetry audit networks, ICMP 2013, Brighton, UK, ICMP2013 Book of Abstracts, MEDICAL PHYSICS INTERNATIONAL Journal, vol.1, No.2, 2013, p.230

11. Conference abstract. 2013. IZEWSKA J., AZANGWE G., BERA P., GROCHOWSKA P., MEGHZIFENE A., IAEA support to national audit networks for radiotherapy dosimetry, ESTRO Congress 2013 (ESTRO 32), book of abstracts

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CRP No. 1288 (E33025)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Resource Sparing Curative Treatment in Breast Cancer

Section/Division: Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy Section, NAHU


Total Cost: € 383,377.53


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP represents a significant contribution towards the Subprogramme objectives of identifying resource-sparing strategies for the use of radiotherapy in cancer.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Primary Objectives o To compare the local control, regional control, overall and disease-free survival

of stage IIA – IIIA breast cancer patients randomly assigned to one of two post-mastectomy radiotherapy treatment arms. The treatment arms differ only in one factor, the irradiation or no irradiation of the supraclavicular fossa. The study thus attempts to determine the real benefit of irradiating the supraclavicular fossa which contains the supraclavicular and upper-axilla groups of lymph nodes.

o To evaluate and compare the acute and late adverse events associated with radiotherapy in each of the treatment arms.

• Secondary Objective o To assess the demographics, reproductive history and family history in this

patient population. o To characterize the molecular profile of breast cancer in these patient

populations.

Outputs:

• Abstracts will be submitted to a North American (ASTRO) and European (ESTRO) scientific meetings.

• One or more publications on the main clinical study on post-mastectomy radiotherapy. Possibly a second one on lymphedema.

Impact of the CRP:

• The objectives of the clinical trial were met, and there are publications in preparation. However, we think is too early to assess the overall impact of this CRP in the radiation oncology community practice.

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• It can be anticipated that, in view of the results of this clinical trial, we will be in a position to recommend to radiotherapy departments in Member States to omit the irradiation of the supra-clavicular field when giving post-mastectomy radiotherapy using a hypofractionated regimen (40 Gy in 15 fractions).


• The research question continues to be very relevant.

• We have been able to demonstrate that, although not very toxic, the irradiation of the supra-clavicular field does not add significant benefit in terms of overall survival or loco-regional control of disease. Therefore, we can recommend sparing the irradiation of the S/C field in patients with advanced breast cancer who underwent a mastectomy, thus reducing radiation exposure and improving convenience for the patients and saving resources for the healthcare system.

• In a recent ECCO meeting in Amsterdam in September 2013, a recent study of the EORTC was reported. This study - which was conducted over >10 years - showed that the irradiation of the internal mammary chain of lymph nodes in breast cancer patients following mastectomy, results in a small (5%) but measurable benefit in terms of patient survival.

• In our study, the internal mammary chain of nodes was not irradiated, but the irradiation of the supra-clavicular and apex-axilla groups of nodes was not beneficial. The omission of irradiation of this field will represent resource sparing, reduction of treatment times and more convenience to patients.

• Lymphedema of the arm was not significantly different in both study arms.


• Publish the results of the main clinical trial as a peer-reviewed article in a medical journal.

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CRP No. 1391 (E33027)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Improving Outcomes in Radiotherapy Using New Strategies of Treatment Delivery with Focus on Oesophageal Cancer

Section/Division: Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy Section, NAHU


Total Cost: € 232,582.34


Objectives of CRP:


The CRP and its results are relevant to the Agency projects. The preliminary statistical analyses of results have shown that the short fractionation schedule may be even superior to the protracted fractionation in terms of dysphagia palliation.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• The purpose of this study is to compare brachytherapy plus external beam radiation given in two weeks vs. the same brachytherapy plus external beam radiation given in one week, for patients with locally advanced oesophageal cancer.

o To determine if a shorter regime of external beam radiotherapy (20 Gy in 5 fractions over 1 week) combined with HDR brachytheapy gives equal palliation in terms of dysphagia and associated symptoms than a more protracted regimen of 30 Gy in 10 fractions.

o To determine the comparative survival rates of both regimens. o To determine the comparative toxicity and quality of life scores of both

regimens.

Outputs:

• Internal IAEA Report. One or more peer reviewed publications. o Article on the results of the CRP o Commentary on how to identify palliative vs. curative patients with oesophageal

cancer o Validation of the Tata-7 score for quality of life measurement. o Internal IAEA report. o One or more external publications.

Impact of the CRP:

• The findings of this CRP will be disseminated to radiotherapy centres in Member States. the short fractionation schedule of 20 Gy appears to be not only resource-sparing but

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also more effective than the more protracted one (30 Gy in 10 fractions) and this is a significant finding.

• This is another important trial of the IAEA in oesophagus cancer, with regards to palliative management. Oesophageal cancer is more common in some developing countries as compared with Western countries, and so is an important resource commitment in such countries, both for institutions and for patients, many of whom pay out-of-pocket for treatments.

• Prior trials of the IAEA established 2 ILBT brachytherapy treatments as effective palliation, as compared with more fractions, and established 2 x ILBT + 30 Gy in 10 fractions External Beam as better than 2 x ILBT alone. This new trial may establish that 2 x ILBT + 20 Gy in 5 fractions External Beam is no worse than 2 x ILBT + 30 Gy in 10 fractions External Beam, in terms of toxicities and outcomes (e.g. symptom relief), or that the shorter approach is superior to the longer, more resource-intense approach. In addition, it will decide whether EBRT adds anything to ILBT in the M1 context or sub-group, given their short survival experiences, during which ILBT may be sufficient for local control and symptom management. Therefore, patients and centres will be benefited by this trial being completed and reported in a timely manner.


• Centres in countries with a high incidence of oesophageal cancer and in which this disease present in advanced stages (China, Mongolia, Sudan, Iran, Azerbaijan, south East Africa) will be able to treat dysphagia for palliation in a short and effective way.

• The use of a short fractionation schedule will represent convenience for the patients and resource-sparing for centres and countries.


• The group should work to draft and publish one or more articles on the results of this CRP.

• Publish a paper with the results of the clinical trial.


1. Preliminary oral communication. 2012. Abstract

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CRP No. 1315 (E43020)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: The Efficacy of Food Based Interventions Evaluated by Stable Isotope

Techniques

Section/Division: Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, NAHU


Total Cost: € 279,066.16


Objectives of CRP:


Nutrition and infectious diseases (2.2.1.3)

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To evaluate the efficacy of food based nutrition interventions in people living with HIV/AIDS based on changes in body composition (muscle mass), measured by stable isotope technique

• To evaluate associations between nutrition - HIV infection - ARV treatment whenever appropriate

Outputs:

• New data on the efficacy of food based interventions in people living with HIV/AIDS

• New data on the associations between nutrition - HIV infection - ARV treatment

Impact of the CRP:

• The results of the CRP have improved the understanding of the importance of nutrition in the management of HIV/AIDS. The findings will inform nutritionists and clinicians on the relative value of various measurements in assessing nutritional status and body composition of HIV-infected persons and consequently assist in the provision of improved care. Bioimpedance equations currently used for deriving total body water and fat-free mass in Nigerian and HIV-infected American children are not precise to be applied to HIV-infected children in other African countries, such as South Africa. Findings also contribute to an increase in knowledge of the relationship between HIV medication status and the problems of lipodystrophy and the metabolic syndrome in female adults. In addition, the CRP results contribute to a better understanding of the effect of ART and nutritional support on malnourished children with comorbidities in lower middle income countries and will inform the design of nutrition interventions.

• The CRP also provided training to young scientists (2 PhD and two MD student projects).


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• The outputs of this CRP are highly relevant to the Agency and will inform on-going and future TC projects in this area. The use of the reference method for assessment of body composition, the deuterium dilution technique, helped to understand changes in fat and fat-free mass deposition in individuals on ARV treatment and actual nutritional requirements of patients. The results of this CRP complement the efforts of the TC programme with the RAF7/006, which main outcome was its contribution to the improvement in services delivery in the priority areas of social development of national nutrition intervention campaigns related to people living with HIV/AIDS. In addition, the research results of the CRP on nutritional interventions targeted at people living with HIV/AIDS complement IAEA's efforts on nutrition and HIV/AIDS and the integration of nutrition into HIV programmes provided in regional workshops with WHO (2007 and 2008).


• To IAEA: Continue to support projects using stable isotope techniques to assess body composition to address the role of different types of nutritional supplements in improving the nutritional status of HIV patients and the response to ARV treatment to inform the improvement of guidelines for an integrated approach to the nutritional care of HIV-infected children and adults.


1. Book chapter. 2010. NAMUSOKE, H. Complementary therapies in palliative care. In: Standards for providing palliative care across Africa. Africa Palliative Care Association. University Medical Center (2010) pp. 56-58.

2. Peer reviewed journal article. 2013. PRAYGOD, G. et al., Sex, Smoking, and Socioeconomic Status Are Associated with Body Composition among Tuberculosis Patients in a Deuterium Dilution Cross-Sectional Study in Mwanza, Tanzania. J Nutrition 143 (5) (2013) 735-741. Underweight is common among tuberculosis (TB) patients. However, there is little information on determinants of body composition at TB treatment initiation in high-TB-burdened countries. This study aimed to determine factors associated with body composition at commencement of TB treatment in Mwanza, Tanzania. Across-sectional study was conducted from 2007 to 2008 among newly diagnosed TB patients. Fat and fat-free mass were determined using a deuterium dilution technique and fat and fat-free mass indices were computed. Correlates were assessed using multiple regression analysis. A total of 201 pulmonary TB patients were recruited; of these, 37.8% (76) were female, 51.7% (104) were HIV infected, 65.3% (126) had sputum-positive TB, and 24.4% (49) were current smokers. In multiple regressions analysis, males had a 2.2-kg/m(2) [(95% CI = 1.6, 2.9); P < 0.0001] lower fat mass index but 1.5 kg/m(2) [(95% CI = 0.9, 2.0); P < 0.0001]higher fat-free mass index compared with females. Sputum-positive TB was associated with a lower fat mass index among HIV-uninfected patients [-1.4 kg(95% CI = -2.5, -0.4); P = 0.006] but not among HIV-infected patients(P-interaction = 0.09). Current smokers had a 0.7-kg/m(2) [(95% CI = 0.02, 1.5); P = 0.045] lower fat mass index, but smoking did not affect fat-free mass. High socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with higher fat as well as fat-free mass. HIV infection, cluster of differentiation 4 count, and antiretroviral therapy were not correlates. Sex, smoking, and SES were associated with body composition of TB patients at treatment commencement. Prospective studies are needed to determine the role of these factors on weight gain, functional recovery, and survival during and after treatment.

3. Peer reviewed journal article. 2010. RANGE, N.S. et al. Body composition of HIV-positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study in Mwanza, Tanzania. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 104 (1) (2010) 81-90. To estimate the weight deficit and body composition of

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cases of pulmonary TB(PTB), and assess the roles of HIV and the acute-phase response, across-sectional study was carried out in Tanzania. Weight, body mass index (BMI),arm muscle area (AMA), arm fat area (AFA) and the serum concentration of the acute-phase protein alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin (serum ACT) were evaluated for each of 532 cases of PTB and 150 'non-TB' controls. On average, the female cases of PTB not only weighed 7.8 kg less but also had BMI that were 3.1-kg/m(2) lower, AMA that were 14.8-cm(2) lower, and AFA that were 7.6-cm(2) lower than those seen in the female subjects without TB. Similarly, on average, the male cases of PTB weighed 7.1 kg less and had BMI that were 2.5-kg/m(2) lower, AMA that were18.8-cm(2) lower and AFA that were 1.6-cm(2) lower than those seen in the male subjects without TB. Although HIV infection was associated with a 1.7-kg lower weight and a 0.6-kg/m(2) lower BMI (with deficits in both AMA and AFA) among males, it was not associated with any such deficits among the female subjects. Elevated serum ACT was found to be a negative predictor of BMI, AMA and AFA, partially explaining the effects of the PTB but not those of the HIV. There is need for a better understanding of the determinants and effects of loss of fat and lean body mass in HIV-positive tuberculosis.

4. Peer reviewed journal article. 2011. PRAYGOD, G. et al. Weight, body composition and handgrip strength among pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a matched cross-sectional study in Mwanza, Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 105 (3) (2011) 140-147. This study aimed to estimate deficits in weight, arm fat area (AFA), arm muscle area (AMA) and handgrip strength among smear-positive pulmonary TB (PTB+)patients starting treatment. We conducted a cross-sectional study among PTB+patients and age- and sex-matched neighborhood controls. HIV status, anthropometric measurements and handgrip strength were determined. Deficits in weight, AFA, AMA and handgrip strength associated with PTB+ and HIV were estimated using multiple regression analysis. We recruited 355 pairs of PTB+patients and controls. PTB+ was associated with deficits of 10.0kg (95% CI 7.3; 12.7) in weight and 6.8kg (95% CI 5.2; 8.3) in handgrip strength among females and 9.1kg (95% CI 7.3; 10.9) in weight and 6.8kg (95% CI 5.2; 8.4) in handgrip strength among males. In both sexes, PTB+ was associated with deficits in AFA and AMA. Among females, HIV was associated with deficits in AMA and handgrip strength, but the deficit in handgrip strength was larger among PTB+ patients (3.2kg 95% CI 1.3; 5.2) than controls (-1.6kg 95% CI -4.8; 1.5) (interaction, P=0.009). These findings suggest that deficits in weight and handgrip strength among patients starting TB treatment are severe. Thus, nutritional support may be necessary to ensure reversal of the deficits, and may improve treatment outcomes.

5. Peer reviewed journal article. 2012. PRAYGOD, G. et al. The effect of energy–protein supplementation on weight, body composition and handgrip strength among pulmonary tuberculosis HIV-co-infected patients: randomised controlled trial in Mwanza, Tanzania. Br J Nutr 107 (2) (2012) 263-271. Undernutrition is common among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB+) patients. Micronutrient supplementation may improve treatment outcomes, but it is unclear whether additional energy–protein would be beneficial. The present study aimed to assess the effect of energy–protein supplementation on weight, body composition and handgrip strength against a background of high micronutrient intake during tuberculosis (TB) treatment. A total of 377 PTB+ patients co-infected with HIV were randomly allocated one or six biscuits daily for 60 d during TB treatment. Weight, arm fat area, arm muscle area and handgrip strength were assessed at baseline and 2 and 5 months. There were no effects on any outcome at 2 months, but energy–protein supplementation was associated with a 1·3 (95 % CI - 0·1, 2·8) kg marginally significant gain in handgrip strength at 5 months. However, after 2 months, energy–protein supplementation led to a weight gain of 1·9 (95 % CI 0·1, 3·7) kg among patients with cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts = 350 cells/µl, but not among patients with low CD4 counts ( - 0·2 kg; 95 % CI - 1·3, 0·8, Pinteraction = 0·03). Similarly, at 5 months, energy–protein supplementation led to a 2·3 (95 % CI 0·6, 4·1) kg higher handgrip strength gain among patients with CD4 counts < 350 cells/µl, but not in those with high CD4 counts (Pinteraction = 0·04). In conclusion, energy–protein supplementation to PTB+ HIV-co-infected patients had no overall effects on weight and body composition, but was associated with marginally significant gain in handgrip strength. More research is needed to develop an effective supplement, before it is recommended to TB programmes.

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CRP No. 1493 (E43021)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Food Fortification and Biofortification to Improve Micronutrients Status During Early Life

Section/Division: Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section, NAHU


Total Cost: € 436,203.86


Objectives of CRP:


Sustainable strategies to combat micronutrient deficiencies (2.2.1.2)

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To estimate the amount of zinc absorbed (bioavailability) from zinc biofortified rice and compare that with absorption from conventional rice and zinc-fortified conventional rice using the triple stable isotope tracer ratio technique in children (BGD 15197).

• To assess the vitamin A status and body pool size in children using the modified relative dose response tests and stable 13C2 retinyl acetate as a tracer among children who receive Sprinkles with or without vitamin A through home fortification of complementary foods (GHA 15199).

• To determine absorption of Fe and Zn from Fe & Zn-biofortfied and Zn-fortified pearl millet in young Indian children (IND 15205).

• To investigate the impact of daily consumption of vitamin A-fortified milk on vitamin A status in preschool-children (MEX 15198).

• To evaluate the impact of daily consumption of vitamin A fortified oil on vitamin A consumption from breast milk vitamin A during the first 6 months post-partum in breastfed babies from low-income communities (MOR 15815).

• To investigate a) if the effect of bean polyphenols previously seen in a single meal study can be confirmed with multiple bean meals as part of a complex diet; b) human iron absorption from different bean varieties consumed with other meal components; c) if phytic acid in beans is the inhibitor responsible for equal iron bioavailability from high iron and normal iron beans observed in the multiple meal study (RWA 16152).

• To assess the change in vitamin A pool size in children consuming 140 g/d rice triple-fortified with Fe, Zn and Vitamin A for 60 days, and compare the results between assessment by the isotopic method to assessment by serum retinol concentration (THA 15426).

Outputs:

• Presentations at the IAEA-sponsored session of the IUNS 20th International Congress of Nutrition, Granada, Spain; 15-20 September, 2013, in an IAEA-sponsored scientific

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session on "Evaluation of food fortification and biofortification interventions in developing countries using stable isotopes"

• Presentations at other scientific forums

• Student theses

Impact of the CRP:

• Observations from this CRP will influence fortification and biofortification nutrition interventions in areas where the knowledge can be applied to promote adequate nutrition and prevent nutrient deficiencies using foods indigenous to the local diets. For example, the demonstration that phytic acid content is a primary factor in the iron absorption from beans should redirect research to concentrate on this factor for improvement of iron bioavailability from foods. The demonstrated effectiveness of both iron and zinc fortification of pearl millet has the potential to provide a sustainable source of these nutrients where this food is a staple, namely, semi-arid regions of India and Africa, and according to HarvestPlus, "more than 30,000 Indian farmers have purchased and planted this new variety marketed as Dhanshakti (meaning prosperity and strength)".

• The demonstration that isotope dilution methods provided a much more sensitive measure than serum retinol of the effectiveness of vitamin A fortification in both Thailand and Mexico serves as a foundation for further work with this method to evaluate the effectiveness of multiple vitamin A interventions around the world. However, in the study in Mexican children, even though 50% of children may be considered vitamin A deficient by serum retinol concentrations <0.7 µmol/L, liver vitamin A reserves were more than adequate when assessed by stable isotope retinol methods. This raises concerns about the possible over-use of some nutrition interventions, and the need to use sensitive assessment methods to evaluate public health nutrition programs to prevent deficiencies while avoiding excessive levels of vitamin A. At the International Congress of Nutrition where the Mexico results were reported, our IAEA section head was approached by a representative of the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation to organize a further meeting and research on "Assessing the risk of vitamin A toxicity due to large scale intervention programmes".

• The long-term impact of the CRP will be most evident in future years, as the peer-reviewed publications increase in number and influence further scientific effort.


• The enthusiastic acceptance of the results of these studies, including publication in top peer-reviewed nutrition journals, and results that serve as the basis for additional work that has already begun (see impact above) demonstrates that this topic remains highly relevant in applying stable isotope techniques in human nutritional assessment, to help solve world food and nutrition problems.


• The IAEA should continue to support investigations in which stable isotope methods can be applied to evaluate micronutrient supplementation and fortification in multiple nutritional programs around the globe, including: the promotion of new staple foods in consideration of world-wide drought and climate change


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1. Peer reviewed journal article. 2012. PETRY, N., et al., Stable iron isotope studies in Rwandese women indicate that the common bean has limited potential as a vehicle for iron biofortification, J Nutr 142 (2012) 492-497. Biofortification of plants is a new approach to combat iron deficiency. Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) can be bred with a higher iron concentration but are rich in iron absorption inhibitors, phytic acid (PA), and polyphenols (PP). To evaluate the potential of beans to combat iron deficiency, three iron absorption studies were carried out in 61 Rwandese women with low iron status. Studies 1 and 2 compared iron absorption from high and low PP beans, similar in PA and iron, fed as bean puree in a double meal design or with rice and potatoes as multiple meals. Study 3 compared iron absorption from high and normal iron beans with similar PP levels and a PA: iron molar ratio, fed with potatoes or rice in multiple meals. Iron absorption was measured as erythrocyte incorporation of stable iron isotopes. In study 1, iron absorption from the high PP bean (3.4%) was 27% lower (P < 0.01) than from low PP bean (4.7%), but when fed in multiple meals (study 2), there was no difference (7 and 7.4%, respectively; P > 0.05). In study 3, iron absorption from the high iron bean (3.8%) was 40% lower (P < 0.001) than from the normal iron bean (6.3%), resulting in equal amounts of iron absorbed. When beans were combined with other meal components in multiple meals, high PP concentration had no negative impact on iron absorption. However, the quantity of iron absorbed from composite meals with high iron beans was no higher than with normal iron beans, indicating that efficacious iron biofortification may be difficult to achieve in beans rich in PA and PP.

2. Peer reviewed journal article. 2013. ISLAM, M. M., WOODHOUSE, L. R., HOSSAIN, M. B., et al., Total Zinc Absorption from a Diet Containing either Conventional Rice or Higher-Zinc Rice Does Not Differ among Bangladeshi Preschool Children, J Nutr 143 (2013) 519-525. Information is needed on zinc absorption from grain cultivars having higher zinc content. Total absorbed zinc (TAZ) from mixed diets containing high-zinc rice (HZnR), conventional rice (CR), or CR plus zinc fortificant (CR+Zn) was measured. Forty-two non-malnourished preschool-aged children were enrolled in 1 of 2 groups. Using a crossover design, children in group A (n = 22) received for 1 d each a mixed diet containing 150 g CR or HZnR. Children in group B (n = 20) received HZnR on 1 d and CR+Zn on the other day. Fractional zinc absorption (FZA) was measured during each dietary period by using a dual-isotope tracer ratio technique; TAZ was calculated as the product of zinc intake [total dietary zinc (TDZ)] and FZA. TDZ was 3.83, 4.83, and 6.03 mg/d when the children were fed the CR, HZnR, and CR+Zn-containing diets, respectively. Mean FZA from the CR diet was greater than from the HZnR diet (25.1 vs. 20.1%, P < 0.001), and the mean FZA from the CR+Zn diet (18.8%) was less than from both the CR diet (P < 0.001) and the HZnR diet (P = 0.014). The mean TAZ was 0.96 +/- 0.16, 0.97 +/- 0.18, and 1.13 +/- 0.20 mg/d from the CR, HZnR and CR +Zn diets, respectively. TAZ was not different for the CR and HZnR diets (P = 0.99) but was significantly greater from the CR+Zn diet compared with the other 2 diets (P < 0.001). Rice cultivars with higher zinc and/or lower phytate content are needed to increase TAZ by young children consuming this amount of rice.

3. Peer reviewed journal article. 2013. KODKANY, B. S., et al., Biofortification of pearl millet with iron and zinc in a randomized controlled trial increases absorption of these minerals above physiologic requirements in young children, J Nutr 143 (2013) 1489-1493. Millet is unusually drought resistant and consequently there is a progressive increase in the use of these grains as a human food staple, especially in large areas of India and sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to determine the absorption of iron and zinc from pearl millet biofortified with 2 micronutrients that are typically deficient in nonfortified, plant-based diets globally. The study was undertaken in 40 children aged 2 y in Karnataka, India (n = 21 test/19 controls). Three test meals providing approximately 84 +/- 17 g dry pearl millet flour were fed on a single day for zinc and 2 d for iron between 0900 and 1600 h. The quantities of zinc and iron absorbed were measured with established stable isotope extrinsic labelling techniques and analyses of duplicate diets. The mean (+/- SD) quantities of iron absorbed from test and control groups were 0.67 +/- 0.48 and 0.23 +/- 0.15 mg/d, respectively (P < 0.001). The quantities of zinc absorbed were 0.95 +/- 0.47 and 0.67 +/- 0.24 mg/d, respectively (P = 0.03). These data did not include absorption of the modest quantities of iron and zinc contained in snacks eaten before and after the 3 test meals. In conclusion, quantities of both iron and zinc absorbed when iron and zinc biofortified pearl millet is fed

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to children aged 2 y as the major food staple is more than adequate to meet the physiological requirements for these micronutrients.

4. Peer reviewed journal article. 2013. LOPEZ-TEROS, V., et al., Vitamin A fortified milk increases total body vitamin A stores in Mexican preschoolers, J Nutr 143 (2013) 221-226.Vitamin A (VA) deficiency (VAD) continues to be a major nutritional problem in developing countries, including Central America. In Mexico, milk is a well-accepted vehicle for the administration of micronutrients, including VA, to preschoolers. Thus, we conducted a randomized, controlled, clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of daily consumption of 250 mL of VA-fortified milk (which provided 196 retinol equivalents/d) for 3 mo on VA stores in mildly to moderately VAD (serum retinol concentration 0.35-0.7 mumol/L) preschoolers who were not enrolled in a food assistance program. Twenty-seven mildly to moderately VAD children were randomly assigned based on screening measurements to either the intervention (n = 14) or control group (n = 13) (children in the control group did not receive placebo). All children in the control group and 79% (n = 11) of the children in the intervention group completed the study. The total body VA (TBVA) pool size was estimated using the deuterated retinol dilution technique before and after the intervention. After 3 mo, median changes in the serum retinol concentration for the intervention and control groups were 0.13 and -0.21 mumol/L, respectively (P = 0.009). Median changes in the TBVA stores were 0.06 and 0.01 mmol, respectively (P = 0.006) and estimated median changes in the liver VA concentration were 0.09 and 0.01 mumol/g, respectively (P = 0.002). The VA-fortified milk was well accepted among preschoolers and significantly increased TBVA stores, liver VA stores, and serum retinol concentration, indicating that it may be an effective means to ameliorate VAD in young Mexican children.

5. Local. 2012. Lopez-Teros, V, QUIHUI-COTA, L., GUTIERREZ-RIVERA, M. A., DUARTE-FIGUEROA, M. E., ESPARZA-ROMERO, J., PACHECO-MORENO, B.I., TORTOLEDO-ORITZ, O., RASCON-DURAN, L., ASTIAZARAN-GARCIA, H. Patrones y componentes alimentarios y su asociación con indicadores antropométricos en preescolares de Hermosillo, Sonora (Food components and dietary habits and their association with anthropometric indices in preschoolers from Hermosillo, Sonora). BIOtecnia 14 (2012) 44-53.

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CRP No. 1429 (F32005)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Quantification of Hydrological Fluxes in Irrigated Lands Using Isotopes for Improved Water Use

Efficiency

Section/Division: Isotope Hydrology Section, NAPC


Total Cost: € 227,129.03


Objectives of CRP:


The topic of the CRP is more relevant than ever from a global water use perspective, for the IAEA’s work relative to the UN MDG’s, and needs in Target Countries. Improving water use efficiency in irrigated lands is critical to sustainably manage water supplies and reduce impacts of agriculture on water quality. Both deep percolation and evaporation (the focus of this CRP) are critical fluxes related to water use efficiency and better quantification of these fluxes is needed to optimize water application for various crops and irrigation methods. The goal of the isotope and complimentary approaches being tested in this CRP is to bring about an improvement in quantifying these two key fluxes.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• At the field scale, quantify spatial and temporal distribution of deep percolation and evaporation in irrigated areas within selected basins

• At the basin scale, assess the relative importance of sources of deep percolation and evaporation losses (e.g. canals versus fields) in irrigation basins

Outputs:

• Quantification of deep percolation and evaporation fluxes under actual irrigated field conditions using isotopes.

• Identification and description of suitable isotope approaches and methods for quantifying deep percolation and evaporation in water use efficiency improvement activities by Member States

• Methods and models for quantification of deep percolation and evaporation at the basin scale

• Capacity building in participating Member States to conduct water use efficiency assessments using isotopes.

Impact of the CRP:

• The CRP results were sufficient to clearly indicate the large effect of irrigation practices on water use efficiency. Some studies showed deep drainage pulses that occurred after irrigation events that have no benefit to the crops and could potentially transport

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fertilizers and other contaminants to groundwater. Such pulses can also contribute to water logging through rising groundwater tables. The isotope results also indicate issues related to evaporation losses which also lower water use efficiency from the crop perspective.

• In terms of capacity building the CRP has been very successful. Five MSc theses were completed (Austria (1), Israel (1), and the Netherlands (3)), and two PhD studies were completed in China and Tunisia as part of the CRP.


• The field studies carried out under the CRP highlighted the importance of temporal variations in the intensity of water input into crop fields for the development of deep percolation. This aspect is important to assess the efficiency of water use in crops, as well as natural rain-fed ecosystems and the possible impact in groundwater quality. In order to properly assess these aspects, it is recommended to have a good sampling setup to capture the temporal variability of all involved water cycle components by increasing the frequency of sampling. It is also important to have a clear understanding of the involved water components and their isotopic composition. This includes the accurate estimation of end members like irrigation water, precipitation, soil water, percolation and the atmospheric components.

• The CRP showed the contribution that isotope tools can provide to better characterize and assess hydrological processes in the soil/root zone, the unsaturated zone and the water table, covering a wide range of issues, such as the quantification of water use efficiency or the impact of certain agriculture practices on groundwater quality.


• The CRP participants strongly suggest that a follow up CRP be developed. This is because the current CRP showed the potential of using stable isotopes for ET partitioning and crop water use efficiency. It also highlighted many of the difficulties and pitfalls involved in this approach. A follow up CRP could be used to improve the methodology and models, reach operational state, and demonstrate the utility of the isotope approach under a broader range of conditions.


1. M.Sc. Thesis. 2009. Stockinger, M., Investigating evaporation using stable isotopes. M.Sc. Thesis. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna

2. Journal article. 2009. Gee G.W., Newman B.D., Green S.R., Meissner R., Rupp H., Zhang Z.F., Keller J.M., Waugh W.J., van der Velde M., Salazar J., Passive wick fluxmeters: Design considerations and field applications. Water Resources Research, Vol. 45, W04420

3. Report. 2009. Shabbir A. Shahid, Z. Aslam, Z. H. Hashmi and K. A. Mufti. Baseline Soil Information and Management of a Salt-Tolerant Forage Project Site in Pakistan. European Journal of Scientific Research ISSN 1450-216X, Vol.27 No.1 , pp.16-28

4. Journal article. 2008. Akhter J., Sabir S.A., Lateef M., Ashraf M.Y., and Haq M.A. Relationship between carbon isotopes discrimination and grain yield, water use efficiency and growth parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum) under different water regimes. Pak. J. Bot., 40: 1441-1454.

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5. M.Sc. Thesis. 2009. Desta Tadesse Beza, Experimental investigation of water fluxes within the soil-vegetation system using isotopes to improve water use efficiency, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands

6. Journal article. 2007. Ezzahar J., Chehbouni A., Hoedjes, J.C.B., Er-Raki S., Chehbouni Ah., and J-M Bonnefond, and De Bruin, H.A.R., The use of the Scintillation Technique for estimating and monitoring water consumption of olive orchards in a semi-arid region. Agricultural Water Management, vol. 89, pp. 173-184.

7. Journal article. 2011. Shiqin Wang • Xianfang Song • Qinxue Wang •Guoqiang Xiao • Zhimin Wang • Xin Liu •Peng Wang, Shallow groundwater dynamics and origin of salinity at two sites in salinated and water-deficient region of North China Plain, China, Environ Earth Sci DOI 10.1007/s12665-011-1280-9

8. Journal article. 2011. Han, D., et al. A survey of groundwater levels and hydrogeochemistry in irrigated fields in the Karamay Agricultural Development Area, northwest China: Implications for soil and groundwater salinity resulting from surface water transfer for irrigation. J. Hydrol.(2011), doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.03.052

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CRP No. 1373 (F33016)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Geostatistical Analysis of Spatial Isotope Variability to Map the Sources of Water for Hydrology

Studies

Section/Division: Isotope Hydrology Section, NAPC


Total Cost: € 219,795.81


Objectives of CRP:


This CRP was in line with the objectives of the Water Resources Programme by providing methodological approaches for compilation and interpolation of isotope data in the different compartments of the water cycle, producing isotope maps and other visual products to better visualize hydrological processes.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• To develop geostatistical protocols for integrating hydrological, hydrochemical and isotope data.

• To evaluate the potential and limitations of these techniques for routine applications including environmental isotopes.

• To develop thematic maps based on isotope and related data of hydrological variables relevant to the evaluation and assessment of water resources

Outputs:

• Updated national hydrological/isotope databases including geographically referenced isotope data. The database will contain isotope data from previous studies as well as data collected as part of this CRP.

• Adoption of a suitable methodology to map environmental isotope variability.

• GIS maps containing thematic layers showing the spatial variability of the isotopic composition of precipitation and other water sources.

Impact of the CRP:

• The CRP addressed a common problem found when using isotopes in environmental studies, namely the use of tested geostatistical approaches to properly map spatial (both in 2D and 3D) and temporal variability of hydrological, hydrochemical and isotope data, being this aspect a key problem at the time of conveying the results of isotope/geochemical studies in a non-scientific format. This is often is the case found by counterparts of TC projects, when the final reports of the studies, mainly containing substantial scientific terminology, leading to limited understanding to non-experts of the conclusions and recommendations. The counterpart institutes involved in this CRP

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acquired and shared extremely valuable experience in the development/maintenance of dedicated isotope and hydrochemical data bases, use of adequate GIS/mapping software packages, as well as in the use of existing methodologies to better visualize and present the main conclusions and results of hydrological studies. The experience gained in this CRP was also relevant to the IAEA, allowing the development of better protocols for the operation of global isotope monitoring networks, field work protocols, isotope data handling, and preparation of technical reports by counterparts of TC projects. Several internal repots and scientific publications in international journals and symposia (such as the IAEA's Symposium in Monaco 2011, the European Geosciences Union conferences, etc.) were also generated by the CRP participants.


• The topic of the CRP was closely related to one of the key activities of the Water Resources Programme, namely providing assistance to Member States in monitoring efforts of precipitation, surface and ground waters, data handling and development of maps, models, reports, etc. as part of the effort to asses and manage their water resources.


1. Journal article. 2009. Birks, S.J. and Edwards, T.W.D., Atmospheric circulation controls on precipitation isotope-climate relations in western Canada. Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology 61, 566-576.

2. Journal article. 2009. Birks, S.J., Gibson, J.J., Isotope tracer hydrology in Canada, 2003-2008. Canadian Water Resources Journal 34(2), 163-176.

3. Symposium abstract. 2009. Roller-Lutz, Zvjezdana; Lutz, Hans O.; Mance, Diana; Mandic, Magda; Hunjak, Tamara.Stable Isotope Composition of Precipitation in Croatia // X Isotope Workshop of the European Society for the Isotope Research : Abstract BookWroclaw : European Society for the Isotope Research and Laboratory of Isotope Geology and Geoecology, Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Wroclaw , 2009. Zlotniki Lubanskie, Poljska, 119-120.

4. Journal article. 2007. Lykoudis, S.P., and Argiriou, A.A. Gridded data set of the stable isotopic composition of precipitation over the eastern and central Mediterranean. Journal of Geophysical Research 112, doi:10.1029/2007JD008472.

5. Journal article. 2009. Lykoudis, S.P., Kostopoulou, E., and Argiriou, A.A. Stable isotopic signature of precipitation under various synoptic classifications. J. Phys. Chem. Earth. doi:10.106/j.pce.2009.09.002.

6. Symposium paper. 2007. Bouchaou, L., Y. Hsissou, M. Ikenne, T. Tagma, J.L. Michelot, M. Qurtobi, H. Marah Isotope study for relationship between surface and groundwaters under a semi-arid climate: Case of Souss-Massa Catchment (South-West of Morocco) (IAEA–CN–151/44)

7. Symposium paper. 2010. Marah, H., Fouad Taous, Mohamed Qurtobi, Bouchera Ouda, and Fatima RaibiSpatial distribution of Oxygen-18 and Deuterium in precipitation in Morocco, (Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 12, EGU2010-14256, 2010, Vienna Austria 2-7 May 2010

8. Journal article. 2008. Franko, O., A. Šivo, M. Richtáriková, P. Povinec, Radiocarbon ages of mineral and thermal waters of Slovakia. Acta Phys. Univ. Comen. 49, 125-132.

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9. Journal article. 2008. Ogrinc, N., Kanduc, T., Stichler, W., Vreca, P. Spatial and temporal variations in d18O and dD values in the River Sava in Slovenia. J. Hydrol. 359, 303-312

10. Symposium paper. 2007. Díaz-Teijeiro, M.F., Rodríguez-Arévalo, J., Pérez-Zabaleta, E., Castaño, S., Araguás, L., 2007. Factors controlling the stable isotopic composition of recent precipitation in Spain. In: Proc. Advances in Isotope Hydrology and its Role in Sustainable Water Resources Management. IHS-2007. Vol. 1, 239-249. IAEA, Vienna.

11. Journal article. 2008. Kattan, Z. Estimation of evaporation and irrigation return flow in arid zones using stable isotope ratios and chloride mass-balance analysis: Case of the Euphrates River, Syria. Journal of Arid Environments 72 (5): 730-747.

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CRP No. 1261 (J71011)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Modelling and Analysis of Radionuclides Transport and Source Term Evaluation within

Containment / Confinement and Release to the Environment, for Research Reactors

Section/Division: Research Reactor Safety Section, NSNI


Total Cost: € 121,308.16


Objectives of CRP:


3.2.5.1 Enhancing the Safety of Research Reactors

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Define and provide the specific modelling methods and/or analysis tools to determine: o The Design Basis Accident (DBA) considered for a given type of research reactor

and the associated source term; o Fuel release fractions of the dominant radio-nuclides (with regard to potential

dose consequences); o Retention factors for radio-nuclides in the primary coolant water; o The means of confinement (containment building or ventilation system) and its

performance with respect to release of radioactive gases and liquids.

• Perform accident analysis of a hypothetical research reactor, focusing on assessment of the source term, including release fractions from the fuel to the coolant water and transport to the environment.

• Update the safety analyses of research reactors at the participants’ organizations, including verification of the adequacy of existing computer codes and the validity of information used for emergency planning and preparedness.

• Increase the technical capability of the participating Member States to perform safety analysis, particularly assessment of radiological releases to the environment.

Outputs:

• Research papers and presentations at international meetings related to methodologies to perform assessments of source terms of different types of research reactors for the evaluation of radiological consequences of accidents to the public and the environment and identification and comparison of different approaches.

• Updated safety analysis reports of the facilities operated by the organizations participating in the CRP.

• Accident analysis for a hypothetical research reactor.

Impact of the CRP:

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• The overall impact of the CRP was enhancement of research reactor safety. This was accomplished through the exchange of information and experience among the CRP participants and with the broader research reactor community in the areas of evaluation of source terms and assessment of radiological consequences in the frame of safety analysis of research reactors. Specifically, addressing the discrepancies used in the radionuclides fraction release data, using conservative approaches for safety analysis and updating the safety analysis reports of research reactors at the participants’ organizations contributed toward enhancing the safety of these facilities and promoted similar enhancements at research reactors in other Member States. The CRP also resulted in benefits to the research reactor community through publications by the participants of their results in scientific papers in specialized journals and international topical meetings.


• The topics covered by the CRP were relevant to the Agency programme on enhancing the safety of research reactors, specifically on strengthening the capabilities of Member States to perform safety analysis and identify facility improvements based on the analysis.

• The individual research contracts and agreements were relevant to enhancing the safety of the research reactors at the participants’ organizations.


• As mentioned above, unavailability of experimental data on release fractions of radionuclides from fuel and retention factors of radionuclides in the reactor coolant posed difficulties in performing best-estimate evaluations of the radiological consequences to members of the public. The participants of the CRP recommended that further research work be conducted in these areas with support by the IAEA, as appropriate.


1. Publication. 2007. S. Margeanu, C.A. Margeanu, M. Ciocanescu, C. Paunoiu, “Comparative dose calculation for TRIGA HEU and LEU fuel in nuclear accident situations”, in Proceedings of the International conference on research reactors: Safe management and effective utilization, Sydney (Australia), 5-9 Nov 2007

2. Publication. 2007. Van Lam Pham, Vinh Vinh Le, Ton Nghiem Huynh, Ba Vien Luong, Kien Cuong Nguyen, “Preliminary study on new configuration with LEU fuel assemblies for the Dalat nuclear research reactor” in Proceedings of the RERTR-2007: 29. international meeting on reduced enrichment for research and test reactors, Prague (Czech Republic), 23-27 Sep 2007, INIS-US--08N0001;

3. Publication. 2008. S. Margeanu, C. A. Margeanu, C. Paunoiu, T. Angelescu, “Dose Calculation for Accident Situations at TRIGA Research Reactor using LEU Fuel Type”, Romanian Reports in Physics, ISSN 1841-8759, Vol.60, No.1, p. 63-70, Romanian Academy Ed., Bucharest, 2008;

4. Publication. 2008. Luong Ba Vien, Le Vinh Vinh Huynh Ton Nghiem, Nguyen Kien Cuong, “Calculation Of Photon Dose For The Dalat Research Reactor In Case Of Loss Of Reactor Tank Water”, in Proceedings of the 7th National Conference on Nuclear Science and Technology, 2008;

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5. Publication. 2009. S. Margeanu, C.A. Margeanu, C. Iorgulis, M. Ciocanescu, “14 MW INR-TRIGA research reactor core conversion - emergency preparedness challenges”, RRFM 2009: 13th International Topical Meeting on Research Reactor Fuel Management, RRFM 2009 Conf. Transactions, ISBN 978-92-95064-07-2, Vienna (Austria), 22-25 Mar 2009

6. Publication. 2009. Pham Van Lam, Nguyen Nhi Dien, Luong Ba Vien, Le Vinh Vinh, Huynh Ton Nghiem, Nguyen Minh Tuan, Nguyen Kien Cuong, “The spent fuel storage at the Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor”, RRFM 2009: 13th International Topical Meeting on Research Reactor Fuel Management, RRFM 2009 Conf. Transactions, ISBN 978-92-95064-07-2, Vienna (Austria), 22-25 Mar 2009;

7. Publication. 2009. Pervez Showket, Latif Mujahid, Israr Muhammad, “Performance of HEU and LEU fuels in Pakistan Research Reactor-1 (PARR-1)”, Post-Irradiation Examination and In-Pile Measurement Techniques for Water Reactor Fuels, 374 p, ISBN 978-92-0-162709-4, ISSN 1684-2073, International Atomic Energy Agency, Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section, Vienna (Austria), Dec 2009

8. Publication. 2010. C.A. Margeanu, S. Margeanu, “Evaluation of radiological impact due to direct exposure to a radiological dispersal device using spent fuel assembly”, in Proceedings of the NUCLEAR 2010: 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Development through Nuclear Research and Education, Pitesti (Romania), 26-28 May 2010

9. Publication. 2010. A. Jraut, A. Elmorabiti, “Follow-up the commissioning of CENM TRIGA Mark II research reactor on safety level”, 14th International Topical Meeting on Research Reactor Fuel Management (RRFM), RRFM 2010 transactions, ISBN 978-92-95064-10-2, Marrakech (Morocco), 21-25 Mar 2010

10. Publication. 2010. F.M. Arinkin, L.V. Chekushina, P.V. Chakrov, Sh.Kh. Gizatulin, S.N. Koltochnik and A.A. Shaimerdenov, “Safety Analysis for LTA Irradiation Test at the WWR-K Research Reactor”, in Proceedings of the 32-nd International Meeting on Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors (RERTR 2010)

11. Publication. 2010. Ke Guotu, Zhou Yidong, “Fault tree analysis for exhaust ventilation system of control area in heavy water research reactor”, Atomic Energy Science and Technology, v. 44(9), ISSN 1000-6931, Sep 2010

12. Publication. 2011. S. Margeanu, C.A. Margeanu, M. Ciocanescu, C. Paunoiu, “Special Emergency Preparedness Arrangements for 14 MW TRIGA Research Reactor”, 15th International Topical Meeting on Research Reactor Fuel Management, RRFM 2011 transactions, Rome (Italy), 20-24 Mar 2011, INIS-BE--11N0031

13. Publication. 2011. Luong Ba Vien, Le Vinh Vinh; Huynh Ton Nghiem; Nguyen Kien Cuong, Tran Tri Vien, “Assessment Of Source Term And Radiological Consequences For Design Basis Accident And Beyond Design Basis Accident Of The Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor”, in Proceedings of the 9th National Conference on Nuclear Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam, 2011

14. Publication. 2011. Luong Ba Vien, Le Vinh Vinh, Huynh Ton Nghiem, Nguyen Kien Cuong, “Safety And Transient Analyses For Full Core Conversion Of The Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor”, in Proceedings of the 9th National Conference on Nuclear Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam, 2011

15. Publication. 2011. Luong Ba Vien, Le Vinh Vinh, Huynh Ton Nghiem, Nguyen Kien Cuong, “Neutronics And Thermal Hydraulics Analysis For Full Core Conversion Of The Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor”, in Proceedings of the 9th National Conference on Nuclear Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam, 2011

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16. Publication. 2011. K. Khattab, S. Dawahra, “Calculation of fuel burnup and radionuclide

inventory in the Syrian miniature neutron source reactor using the GETERA code”, Annals of Nuclear Energy (Oxford), v. 38(6), ISSN 0306-4549, Jun 2011, p. 1442-1446

17. Publication. 2011. O.V. Gaidar, “Derivation of the source term and analysis of the radiological consequences for the design basis accidents at research reactor”, Annual report-2010, Institute for Nuclear Research of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2011, p. 120, INIS-UA—178

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CRP No. 1496 (J71013)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Innovative Methods in Research Reactor Analysis: Benchmark against Experimental Data on

Neutronics and Thermalhydraulic Computational Methods and Tools for Operation and Safety Analysis of Research Reactors.

Section/Division: Research Reactor Safety Section, NSNI


Total Cost: € 121,238.59


Objectives of CRP:


Agency sub-programmes 3.2.5, Enhancing the safety of research reactors, and 1.4.2, Research reactors.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Transfer know-how in the area of research reactor numerical analysis, including design, safety analysis, operation, and utilization.

• Develop a comprehensive database of characteristics, experiments and data for the facilities participating in the CRP that is useful for benchmarking neutronic and thermal-hydraulic computer codes.

• Perform benchmark studies of neutronic and thermal-hydraulic computer codes against experimental data.

• Identify user effect on the results predicted by the computer codes.

• Enhance the capabilities of the CRP participants in performing research reactor numerical analysis and safety assessment.

• Develop recommendations on open issues for future research and development activities involving research reactors.

• Increase cooperation among research reactor analysts related to experiments and modelling.

Outputs:

• Technical Report Series web publication that includes the benchmark specifications for the facilities that participated in the CRP.

• IAEA technical document presenting the conclusions of the CRP and comparing the experimental data and theoretical results, including annexes presenting the consolidated results of the analyses of each facility benchmark specification and a description of the work done by each individual group. It will also identify remaining open issues for future R&D activities, and indicate a possible role for the Agency in the subject.

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Impact of the CRP:

• Nine participants provided sets of experimental measurements in a format and contents suitable for computer code benchmarking, which significantly contributed to the success of the CRP in making available, for the first time, such experimental database for computer code benchmarking for research reactor safety analysis and operation. The two IAEA publications resulting from the CRP will be valuable resources for research reactor designers, operating organizations and regulatory bodies for developing and benchmarking computer models of research reactors. This will lead to improved capabilities of Member States for both research reactor safety analysis and optimization of utilization activities.


• The topics covered by the CRP were relevant to the Agency programmes on enhancing the safety and utilization of research reactors. Specific to the safety of research reactors, the CRP was relevant to steady state and transient neutronic and thermal-hydraulic analyses of reactor cores and cooling systems for establishing appropriate designs, operating regimes and safety system settings. In the case of utilization, benchmarked neutronic codes will facilitate optimization of existing or design of new experimental facilities, interpretation of corresponding experimental data and analysis. The extensive research reactor data base will foster code and related data libraries validation and new developments.


• The participants in the CRP unanimously recommended a follow-on CRP to collect available experimental data and assess the computational methods and tools used for fuel burn-up calculations and material/target activation in research reactor analysis. The overall objective of the new CRP would be to encourage cooperation and foster exchange of information in the area of numerical analysis of fuel burn-up and material/target activation to improve the utilization, design, operation, and safety of research reactors.

• Additionally, the participants recommended organizing training workshops as follow up activities after the CRP publications have been published.


1. Technical Report Series 480. 2015. Research Reactor Benchmarking Database: Facility Specification and Experimental Data

2. TECDOC Series. 2014, expected with DPP approved. Results of the CRP on Benchmarks against Experimental Data of Neutronics and Thermal-Hydraulic Computational Methods and Tools for Operation and Safety Analysis of Research Reactors

3. Proceedings of the ANS Winter Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, 11-15 Nov. 2012; ANS Transactions Vol. 107 (2012).. 2012. Alicia Doval, Pablo Adelfang, Danas Ridikas and Amgad Shokr, “IAEA Coordinated Research Project on benchmarking of RR experiments from 10 facilities world-wide”,

4. Proceedings of the ENS RRFM2013 Conference, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 21-25 April 2013; ENS Transactions ISBN 978-92-95064-18-8.. 2013. D. Ridikas, P. Adelfang, A. Shokr and B. Goh, Results of the IAEA CRP On Benchmarks Against Experimental Data of Neutronics and Thermalhydraulic Computational Codes for Operation and Safety Analysis of Research Reactors

98


5. Journal publication. 2013. S. Chatzidakis, A. Ikonomopoulosa, D. Ridikas, “Evaluation of

RELAP5/MOD3 behaviour against loss of flow experimental results from two research reactor facilities”,

6. Journal publication. 2014. S. Chatzidakis, A. Hainoun, A. Doval, F. Alhabet, F. Francioni,A. Ikonomopoulos, D. Ridikas, “A comparative assessment of independent thermal-hydraulic modelsfor research reactors: The RSG-GAS case”

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CRP No. 1407 (T23015)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Upgrading of Near Surface Disposal Facilities

Section/Division: Waste Technology Section, NEFW


Total Cost: € 121,443.17


Objectives of CRP:


The final CRP report provides a short generic overview of various upgrading approaches as applied by the participating parties and highlight some lessons learned from the application of selected corrective actions.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• The specific objectives of the CRP are aimed at informing Member States about: o Identifying needs for potential corrective action; o Assessing options and selecting appropriate corrective actions and describing

relevant decision schemes; o Planning those corrective actions; o Developing and adopting procedures and techniques involved in carrying out

the corrective actions; o Characterization of legacy waste and their conditioning to address the waste

acceptance requirements; o Implementing corrective actions; o Evaluating effectiveness of the upgrading procedure, preferably for enhancing

repository performance and reaching a higher level of safety, both operational and post-operational (long term)

Outputs:

• An IAEA-TECDOC offering a verified and systematic approach for supporting managerial and technical aspects of upgrading a near surface disposal facility and allowing for the application of internationally proven efficient, transparent, and technically defensible methodology.

Impact of the CRP:

• It is anticipated that the results of this CRP will be useful to scientists, engineers, managers and others involved in assessing and improving the performance of existing near surface disposal facilities; the lessons learned from the application and evaluation of corrective actions may also be relevant in the development of new ones.

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• Upgrading of waste disposal facilities is planned and/or performed in a number of countries. It can be observed worldwide that some countries still are at the very beginning of the upgrading process whilst others have decided to implement appropriate corrective actions to their near surface disposal facilities. Some countries have successfully solved their problems and are assessing the obtained results. The Agency is aiming careful attention to this particular problem, publishing specialized documents. Similarly, in the present CRP an attempt has been made to bring together Member States that are in varying phases of implementation of upgrading their near surface disposal facilities.


• To address the problem associated with the variability of upgrading situations more effectively the Agency should continue to paying due attention to this issue, providing further support to Member States, for example through organizing relevant workshops, seminars and symposia in cooperation with other national, regional and international organizations.

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CRP No. 1633 (J02002)


Title of the Coordinated Research Project: Development of Methodology for Risk Assessment and State Management of Nuclear Security

Regime

Section/Division: Nuclear Security of Materials and Facilities Section, NSNS


Total Cost: € 97,500.00


Objectives of CRP:


This is in line with the Agency Nuclear Security Plan of 2006-2009 and Nuclear Security Programme 3.5. The work completed will be helpful and enable Member States to evaluate effectiveness of States' nuclear security measures and select most optimal new security measures on Risk Assessment and State Management of the Nuclear Security Regime.

(b) Specific (CRP):

• Development of methodology for evaluation of effectiveness of nuclear security regime in a State

• Development of methodology for assessment of risks associated with adversaries activities in a State

• Development of methods for optimization of nuclear security regime

• The risk assessment methodology was chosen because it follows currently recommended practice by IAEA.

Outputs:

• Identification and better information to future consultancies of areas in which additional nuclear security measures might be considered

• Documentation of the nuclear security regime and requirements for nuclear security risk assessment

• The results of the CRP will be published as Working Material for the use of Member States. After getting the feedback, this can be converted into a TECDOC.

Impact of the CRP:

• During the three-year CRP, the participants adapted a high-level risk assessment framework of a State’s Nuclear Security Regime and also developed assessment methods. The methodology discussed in the project will help Member States to improve their nuclear security regimes and enhance the risk assessment capabilities at State level.


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• The Secretariat produced its fourth Nuclear Security Plan for 2010 to 2013 in line with the directions of Board of Governors and 52nd General Conference. The plan contains the working area about “Contributing to the enhancement of a Global Nuclear Security Framework” which provides direction for next four year plan. The goals and objectives of CRP are consistent with the objectives and detailed activities described in the Agency’s Nuclear Security Plan 2010-2013


• The CRP recommended following three actions: o Establish a new CRP for the “Development of Nuclear Security Assessment

Methodologies (NUSAM) for the Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Radioactive Material and Associated Facilities”.

o Preserve the risk assessment methods reviewed and/or developed during this CRP and review them further in a follow-on CRP entitled “Development of Nuclear Security Assessment Methodologies (NUSAM) for the Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Radioactive Material and Associated Facilities”.

o Ensure the effective issue and change management of the scope and objectives of the proposed CRP

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B. Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) Budget in 2014

B. I. Introduction

In 2014, the IAEA obligated a total of €6 778 111 in support of research projects under its

Coordinated Research Activities. Of this total amount 74% (€5 044 177) was used to finance

contracts and CRP purchases and 26% (€1 733 934) was used to finance 73 Research

Coordination Meetings (RCMs) held every 12 - 18 months during the life of a Coordinated

Research Project (CRP).

Total obligations amounted to €1 169 488 in Major Programme 1, €4 973 177 in Major

Programme 2 and €635 446 in Major Programme 3.

The table in Chapter B.II provides a summary of the funds obligated (in Euro) by programme

in 2014.

Details on the Distribution of Total 2014 Funds Obligated by IAEA Projects are provided in

Chapter B.III, followed by the list of IAEA’s 2014 Active Project Names for reference.

The table in Chapter B.IV shows the Funds Obligated and Number of Contracts Issued per

Country and Programme in 2014.

Finally the table in Chapter B.V illustrates the Extrabudgetary Funding in 2014 and the

Proportion of Regular Budget and Extrabudgetary Funding in 2014 is shown in Figure I.

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B.II Summary of Funds Obligated (in Euro) by Programme in 2014

Project

Regular Budget Funds (RBF) Extra Budgetary Resources (EBR) RBF+EBR

Contracts CRP Purchases

RCMExpenses

Total byProgramme Contracts CRP

PurchasesRCM

ExpensesTotal by

ProgrammeTotal by

Programme

1.1 Nuclear Power 111 132 115 354 226 486 226 486


52 151 50 295 102 446 23 879 15 000 38 879 141 325


110 151 34 046 144 197 144 197

1.4 Nuclear Science 375 232 1 000 243 013 619 245 10 000 28 235 38 235 657 480

Total for Major Programme 1 648 666 1 000 442 708 1 092 374 33 879 43 235 77 114 1 169 488

2.0 Overall Management and Coordination 45 45 45

2.1 Food and Agriculture 1 601 448 540 963 2 142 411 123 432 - 1 846 121 586 2 263 997

2.2 Human Health 1 312 095 89 947 273 410 1 675 452 24 500 21 341 45 841 1 721 293

2.3 Water Resources 172 544 112 673 285 217 30 000 30 000 315 217

2.4 Environment 30 000 30 000 52 000 19 109 71 109 101 109


337 951 4 755 228 810 571 516 571 516

Total for Major Programme 2 3 454 038 94 702 1 155 901 4 704 641 229 932 38 604 268 536 4 973 177

3.2 Safety of Nuclear Installations 9 030 9 030 9 030

3.3 Radiation and Transport Safety 7 930 7 930 7 930

3.4 Management of Radioactive Waste 32 224 32 224 32 224

3.5 Nuclear Security 565 000 21 262 586 262 586 262

Total for Major Programme 3 16 960 32 224 49 184 565 000 21 262 586 262 635 446

Total 4 119 664 95 702 1 630 833 5 846 199 828 811 103 101 931 912 6 778 111

Total Contract awards:

Total CRP purchases:

Total RCM expenditures:

Total CRA expenditures:

4 948 475

95 702

1 733 934

6 778 111

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B.III Number of Contracts Funded* and Distribution of Funds Obligated per IAEA Project in 2014

Programme/ Project

ResearchContracts

TechnicalContracts

DoctoralContracts

CRP Purchases

Total € RCM OverallTotal €

No. Amount € No. Amount € No. Amount € Amount € No. Cost €

1.1 Nuclear Power

1000145 2 7 500 7 500 16 35 272 42 772

1000154 12 46 076 1 7 000 53 076 8 15 681 68 757

1000155 12 26 556 26 556 17 28 955 55 511

1000166 6 16 000 1 8 000 24 000 17 35 446 59 446

Sub Total 32 96 132 2 15 000 111 132 58 115 354 226 486


1000033 7 34 190 34 190 12 23 152 57 342

1000036 4 33 879 33 879 4 15 146 49 025

1000037 0

1000157 2 8 031 8 031 21 26 997 35 028

Sub Total 13 76 100 76 100 37 65 295 141 395


1000046 21 78 000 78 000 12 21 468 99 468

1000047 8 32 151 32 151 7 12 578 44 729

Sub Total 29 110 151 110 151 19 34 046 144 197

1.4 Nuclear Science

1000067 14 52 000 52 000 52 000

1000070 5 16 000 16 000 23 50 688 66 688

1000121 19 28 618 28 618

1000161 20 85 158 85 158 27 46 496 131 654

1000162 24 112 611 1 000 113 611 62 88 336 201 947

1000163 10 29 000 29 000 20 23 575 52 575

1000164 1 7 000 7 000 9 16 550 23 550

1000165 18 83 463 83 463 11 16 985 100 448

Sub Total 92 385 232 1 000 386 232 171 271 248 657 480

2.0 Overall Management and Coordination

2000146 0 45 45

Sub Total 0 45 45

* "Number of Contracts Funded" indicates the number of NEW contract issued or active contracts renewed in 2014 for which fundwas obligated

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Programme/ Project

ResearchContracts

TechnicalContracts

DoctoralContracts

CRP Purchases




2000003 10 92 400 92 400 23 31 888 124 288

2000005 18 117 500 4 35 000 152 500 15 20 229 172 729

2000006 28 185 000 1 5 000 190 000 18 26 794 216 794

2000011 20 154 435 154 435 154 435

2000012 37 285 561 3 45 000 330 561 50 54 881 385 442

2000016 7 47 003 47 003 46 63 885 110 888

2000017 20 138 500 138 500 52 67 988 206 488

2000021 41 254 000 2 22 000 276 000 102 167 318 443 318

2000022 12 160 527 4 58 000 218 527 35 46 406 264 933

2000023 5 34 000 3 20 000 54 000 0 31 54 031

2000031 7 63 000 1 8 000 71 000 42 59 697 130 697

Sub Total 205 1 531 926 18 193 000 1 724 926 383 539 117 2 264 043

2.2 Human Health

2000004 8 40 000 40 000 0 8 40 008

2000010 18 185 450 5 46 500 14 155 000 386 950 49 70 087 457 037

2000015 58 359 000 6 67 500 89 947 516 447 29 53 617 570 064

2000024 46 238 356 5 48 000 286 356 41 70 974 357 330

2000029 11 47 600 2 10 000 57 600 57 600

2000042 31 139 189 139 189 67 100 065 239 254

Sub Total 172 1 009 595 16 162 000 16 165 000 89 947 1 426 542 186 294 751 1 721 293

2.3 Water Resources

2000056 9 45 000 45 000 0 - 977 44 023

2000059 1 11 500 2 18 500 30 000 30 000

2000063 13 63 000 63 000 17 30 702 93 702

2000064 6 31 544 31 544 31 48 554 80 098

2000123 11 33 000 33 000 18 34 394 67 394

Sub Total 40 184 044 2 18 500 202 544 66 112 673 315 217

2.4 Environment

2000067 6 30 000 30 000 30 000

2000132 7 45 500 1 6 500 52 000 6 19 109 71 109

Sub Total 13 75 500 1 6 500 82 000 6 19 109 101 109


2000090 3 21 000 21 000 21 000

2000091 19 95 044 1 3 500 4 755 103 299 61 98 335 201 634

2000094 18 72 173 72 173 21 21 261 93 434

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Programme/ Project

ResearchContracts

TechnicalContracts

DoctoralContracts

CRP Purchases



2000095 31 146 234 146 234 75 109 214 255 448

Sub Total 71 334 451 1 3 500 4 755 342 706 157 228 810 571 516


3000168 4 9 030 9 030 9 030

Sub Total 4 9 030 9 030 9 030

3.3 Radiation and Transport Safety

3000103 1 7 930 7 930 7 930

Sub Total 1 7 930 7 930 7 930


3000118 17 32 224 32 224

Sub Total 17 32 224 32 224


3000152 7 7 731 7 731

3000158 2 210 000 210 000 8 13 531 223 531

3091068 5 46 000 46 000 46 000

3092072 1 309 000 309 000 309 000

Sub Total 5 46 000 3 519 000 565 000 15 21 262 586 262

Total 676 3 858 161 44 925 430 16 165 000 95 702 5 044 293 1115 1 733 934 6 778 227

* "Number of Contracts Funded" indicates the number of NEW contract issued or active contracts renewed in 2014 for which fundwas obligated

108

IAEA’s 2014 Active Project Names Used in B.III:

Project number Project Name

1000033 1.2.2.001 Nuclear power reactor fuel engineering

1000036 1.2.3.001 Spent Fuel Storage

1000037 1.2.3.002 Spent fuel recycle

1000046 1.3.2.001 Technoeconomic analysis

1000047 1.3.2.002 Topical issues related to sustainable energy development

1000067 1.4.2.001 Enhancement of utilization and applications of research reactors

1000070 1.4.2.004 Research reactor operation and maintenance

1000121 1.4.1.003 Atomic and Molecular Data Developments

1000145 1.1.1.001 Engineering support for operating nuclear facilities

1000154 1.1.5.003 Advanced technology for fast and gas cooled reactors

1000155 1.1.5.004 Non-Electric Applications of Nuclear Power

1000157 1.2.2.003 AP support related to nuclear power reactor fuel

1000161 1.4.1.002 Nuclear Data Developments

1000162 1.4.3.001 Fostering Accelerator Applications in Multiple Disciplines

1000163 1.4.3.002 Facilitating Experiments with Accelerators

1000164 1.4.3.003 Nuclear Instrumentation

1000165 1.4.4.001 Nuclear Fusion Research and Technology

1000166 1.1.5.001 Technology development for water cooled reactors

2000003 2.1.5.002 Integrated Techniques for Mutation Breeding and Biodiversity

2000004 2.2.4.002 Developments in Radiation Dosimetry

2000005 2.1.1.001 Land management for climate smart agriculture

2000006 2.1.1.002 Water Management for Resource-Saving Agriculture

2000010 2.2.1.001 Nutrition through the lifecycle

2000011 2.1.2.001 Improving animal production and breeding

2000012 2.1.2.002 Decreasing Transboundary Animal and Zoonotic Disease Threats

2000015 2.2.2.001 Diagnostics and therapy of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) using nuclear techniques

2000016 2.1.3.001 Food irradiation applications using novel radiation technologies

2000017 2.1.3.002 Traceability to improve food safety and quality and enhance international trade

2000021 2.1.4.001 SIT and related technologies to manage major insect plant pests

2000022 2.1.4.002 Management of livestock insect pests for sustainable agriculture

2000023 2.1.4.003 Development of the SIT for the control of disease transmitting mosquitoes

2000024 2.2.3.001 Clinical Radiation Oncology new

2000029 2.2.4.003 Clinical medical radiation physics

2000031 2.1.5.001 Mutation induction for better adaptation to climate change

2000042 2.2.3.002 Biological effects of radiation

2000056 2.3.1.001 IAEA isotope data networks for precipitation, rivers, and groundwater

2000059 2.3.2.001 Comprehensive assessment of resources

2000063 2.3.3.001 Characterization of fossil groundwater using long-lived radionuclides

2000064 2.3.3.002 Noble gas isotopes for groundwater recharge and pollution studies

109

Project number Project Name

2000067 2.4.1.001 Provision of reference products and laboratory performance support

2000090 2.5.1.001 Development and production of medical radioisotopes

2000091 2.5.1.002 Development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals

2000094 2.5.2.001 Industrial applications of radioisotopes and radiation techniques

2000095 2.5.2.002 Radiation technology for health care and environmental applications

2000123 2.3.2.002 Management strategies for groundwater and surface water resources

2000132 2.4.2.002 Assessing carbon cycle and impacts of ocean acidification

2000146 2.0.0.005 AP - Nuclear Safety Action Plan

3000103 3.3.1.001 Radiation protection criteria and standards

3000118 3.4.2.001 Pre-disposal management of radioactive waste

3000152 3.5.2.001 Integrated nuclear security approaches for the nuclear fuel cycle

3000158 3.5.3.003 Radiological crime scene management and nuclear forensics science

3000168 3.2.5.001 Enhancing the safety of research reactors

3091068 3.5.2.2b Research and development to support the further development of the nuclear security framework

3092072 3.5.3.3c Human Resource Development and Capacity Building

110

B.IV Contracts Awarded* per Country and Funds Obligated per IAEA Programme and per Country in 2014

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.5

Algeria 6 2 000 12 000 14 000 3 000 6 263 9 263 23 263

Argentina 11 24 7 523 26 100 4 151 14 592 52 366 71 100 24 189 24 044 14 000 133 333 3 030 3 030 188 729

Armenia 1 1 3 000 7 000 10 000 10 000

Australia

Austria 1 1 5 000 10 158 15 158 137 822 54 400 4 000 196 222 211 380

Azerbaijan 1 3 000 3 000 3 000

Bangladesh 4 11 4 000 4 000 34 800 58 000 5 000 5 000 102 800 106 800

Belarus 1 1 4 000 5 000 9 000 9 000

Belgium

Benin 1 7 000 7 000 7 000

Bosnia and

Herzegovina 1 8 000 8 000 8 000

Botswana 1 6 000 6 000 6 000

Brazil 10 25 14 000 14 000 60 100 93 000 5 000 29 000 187 100 7 000 7 000 208 100

Bulgaria 1 5 4 000 4 000 5 000 13 000 14 000 6 000 4 000 24 000 37 000

Burkina Faso 1 5 41 895 12 500 54 395 54 395

Cameroon 1 2 19 000 19 000 19 000

Canada 1 3 15 000 18 000 6 500 39 500 39 500

Chile 1 7 3 000 4 000 7 000 13 000 16 000 6 500 35 500 42 500

China 10 43 40 500 5 000 8 000 13 000 66 500 162 200 24 000 20 000 20 000 226 200 292 700

Colombia 6 22 800 13 500 36 300 36 300

Costa Rica 2 2 7 000 12 000 5 000 24 000 24 000

Côte d'Ivoire 1 995 995 995

Croatia 3 5 8 000 24 000 32 000 4 000 4 000 36 000

Cuba 1 13 1 600 4 000 5 600 6 000 25 819 4 107 35 926 41 526

Czech

Republic 10 24 000 24 000 24 000 9 000 33 000 57 000

Total

MP 3

Renewed

Contracts

New

ContractsCountry

Total per

Country

MP 1 MP 2 MP 3Total

MP 2

Total

MP 1

* "Contracts Awarded" indicates the number of contracts awarded per country irrespective if funded or not 111

Contracts Awarded* per Country and Funds Obligated per IAEA Programme and per Country in 2014

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.5

Total

MP 3

Renewed

Contracts

New

ContractsCountry

Total per

Country

MP 1 MP 2 MP 3Total

MP 2

Total

MP 1

Democratic

Rep. of the

Congo 1 1 4 066 3 000 7 066 7 066

Denmark 1 10 000 10 000 10 000

Egypt 3 11 4 000 14 000 18 000 6 500 15 037 27 971 49 508 67 508

Estonia 2 2 4 500 4 500 12 000 6 000 18 000 22 500

Ethiopia 1 5 28 800 5 000 33 800 33 800

Finland

France 2 28 000 28 000 28 000

French

Polynesia

Georgia 1 1 4 000 3 000 7 000 7 000

Germany 2 1 6 000 6 000 8 000 8 000 14 000

Ghana 1 7 8 000 8 000 8 500 14 000 6 500 4 000 33 000 41 000

Greece 4 4 2 500 2 500 48 000 48 000 4 000 4 000 54 500

Guatemala 2 6 000 10 000 16 000 16 000

Hungary 2 4 1 000 9 000 10 000 8 000 6 000 5 000 19 000 24 000 24 000 53 000

India 10 39 10 500 5 000 28 000 43 500 46 000 178 500 30 500 11 000 266 000 309 500

Indonesia 5 9 3 500 6 000 8 000 7 500 25 000 19 800 13 100 32 900 3 000 11 000 14 000 71 900

Iran, Islamic

Republic of 2 4 8 463 8 463 31 223 10 110 41 333 49 796

Iraq

Israel 1 1 10 000 6 000 16 000 16 000

Italy 2 2 10 000 34 500 3 500 48 000 48 000

Jamaica 2 4 000 4 000 10 000 10 000 14 000

Japan

Jordan 5 1 2 000 8 000 6 500 16 500 6 000 6 000 22 500

Kazakhstan 3 3 7 500 10 000 17 500 4 000 5 000 9 000 26 500

Kenya 2 11 4 000 4 000 49 000 35 000 2 000 6 500 92 500 96 500



1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.5

Total

MP 3

Renewed

Contracts

New

ContractsCountry

Total per

Country

MP 1 MP 2 MP 3Total

MP 2

Total

MP 1

Korea,

Republic of 2 3 4 000 4 000 15 000 13 500 28 500 32 500

Kuwait 2 8 000 6 500 14 500 14 500

Lebanon 2 13 500 13 500 13 500

Lithuania 3 5 000 5 000 7 000 4 500 11 500 16 500

Madagascar 1 6 000 6 000 6 000

Malaysia 5 13 18 500 18 500 22 000 13 000 2 000 22 000 59 000 77 500

Mali 1 6 000 6 000 6 000

Mauritius 2 12 000 12 000 12 000

Mexico 4 13 5 000 5 000 54 700 44 000 5 000 10 000 113 700 118 700

Mongolia 3 19 800 19 800 19 800

Montenegro 1 4 000 4 000 4 000

Morocco 7 2 000 2 000 10 000 6 000 5 000 4 000 25 000 27 000

Mozambique 1 6 500 6 500 6 500

Myanmar 2 3 592 2 138 5 730 5 730

Namibia 2 3 500 6 500 10 000 10 000

Nepal 1 2 000 2 000 2 000

Netherlands 2 24 500 24 500 24 500

New Zealand

Nigeria 1 1 10 800 10 800 10 800

Norway

Pakistan 6 23 2 000 4 000 7 000 5 000 18 000 61 400 68 000 4 000 13 000 146 400 164 400

Peru 7 4 000 4 000 26 300 10 000 6 500 42 800 46 800

Philippines 2 6 8 400 19 000 13 500 6 500 5 000 52 400 52 400

Poland 9 11 2 000 4 000 16 500 22 500 6 000 31 000 35 000 72 000 94 500

Portugal 3 1 5 000 5 000 5 000 10 000 15 000 20 000

Romania 3 4 1 500 5 000 4 000 10 500 4 000 4 000 9 000 17 000 27 500



1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.5

Total

MP 3

Renewed

Contracts

New

ContractsCountry

Total per

Country

MP 1 MP 2 MP 3Total

MP 2

Total

MP 1

Russian

Federation 4 13 5 000 27 000 32 000 23 000 4 500 3 000 10 000 4 000 44 500 210 000 210 000 286 500

Saudi Arabia 1 5 000 5 000 5 000

Senegal 1 3 83 832 10 000 93 832 93 832

Serbia 2 3 4 000 4 000 14 000 4 000 18 000 22 000

Singapore 4 9 500 9 500 14 000 4 000 18 000 27 500

Slovakia 1 4 46 000 10 000 4 000 60 000 60 000

Slovenia 3 7 6 000 4 000 20 000 30 000 7 000 8 000 15 000 45 000

South Africa 6 13 6 000 4 000 19 000 29 000 49 300 35 000 8 000 92 300 3 000 3 000 124 300

Spain 1 6 000 6 000 6 000

Sri Lanka 1 6 37 300 24 500 61 800 61 800

Sudan 1 4 298 9 712 14 010 14 010

Sweden

Switzerland 1 8 000 8 000 8 000

Syrian Arab

Republic 2 3 2 509 4 519 7 028 15 403 15 403 22 431

Tajikistan 1 7 000 7 000 7 000

Thailand 5 11 8 500 8 500 18 000 40 500 18 000 76 500 85 000

The frmr. Yug.

Rep. of

Macedonia 5 17 000 13 000 10 000 40 000 40 000

Tunisia 2 2 4 000 4 000 4 000 5 000 4 000 13 000 17 000

Turkey 2 5 12 500 14 000 14 000 40 500 40 500

Uganda 2 4 4 000 4 000 23 000 8 000 31 000 35 000

Ukraine 3 7 13 500 13 500 6 000 8 500 10 500 5 000 30 000 43 500

United Arab

Emirates

United

Kingdom 1 2 15 000 7 000 22 000 309 000 309 000 331 000



1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.5

Total

MP 3

Renewed

Contracts

New

ContractsCountry

Total per

Country

MP 1 MP 2 MP 3Total

MP 2

Total

MP 1

United

Republic of

Tanzania 1 3 20 400 10 000 30 400 30 400

United States

of America 5 4 7 000 7 000 22 000 41 200 63 200 7 930 7 930 78 130

Uruguay 6 5 8 000 8 000 8 000 36 500 4 000 48 500 56 500

Viet Nam 7 6 8 000 8 000 19 000 23 500 19 000 4 000 65 500 73 500

Yemen 1

Zambia 1 4 12 800 20 000 32 800 32 800

Zimbabwe 2 7 500 10 000 17 500 17 500

Total 193 515 111 132 76 100 110 151 385 232 682 615 1 724 926 1 336 595 202 544 82 000 337 951 3 684 016 9 030 7 930 565 000 581 960 4 948 591


B.V. Extrabudgetary Funding in 2014

Number Amount Number Amount

FAO FAO-Food and

Agriculture

Organization

D5.20.36: Development of Radiometric and

Allied Analytical Methods to Strengthen

National Residue Control Programs for

Antibiotic and Anthelmintic Veterinary Drug

Residues

1 1 987 1 987

T3.40.01: Improved Instrumentation and

Control (I&C) Maintenance Techniques for

Research Reactors using the Plant Computer

2 10 000 1 28 235 38 235

F3.00.59: Individual Contracts - Assessment

of Groundwater Resources at Local/National

Scales

3 11 500 11 500

Russian

Federation

J0.00.68: Individual Contract - Research and

Development to Support the Further

Development of the Nuclear Security

Framework

1 210 000 210 000

United

Kingdom

2014.04 J00072-NSF10022-Individual

Contracts - Enhancing Nuclear Security

Education and Capacity Building

1 309 000 309 000

J0.20.04: Development of Nuclear Security

Assessment Methodologies (NUSAM) for

Regulated Facilities.

1 7 731 7 731

J0.20.03: Identification of High Confidence

Nuclear Forensics Signatures for the

Development of National Nuclear Forensics

Libraries

3 46 000 1 9 969 55 969

F3.00.59: Individual Contracts - Assessment

of Groundwater Resources at Local/National

Scales

2 18 500 18 500

D4.00.43: Individual Contract - Management

of Livestock Insect Pests for Sustainable

Agriculture

4 123 432 123 432

38 828 811 12 103 101 931 912

8 52 000 1 18 838 70 838

5 23 879 6 15 000 38 879

9 24 500 1 21 341 45 841

EB-PUI Peaceful

Use Initiative

EB-PUI Peaceful

Use Initiative

EBR-EBF Extra

Budgetary

Japan

EB-NSF-Nuclear

Security

EB-PUI Peaceful

Use Initiative

United States

of America

E3.50.08: Strengthening of “Biological

dosimetry” in IAEA Member States:

Improvement of current techniques and

intensification of collaboration and

networking among the different institutes.

K4.10.12: Ocean Acidification and the

Economic Impact on Fisheries and Coastal

Society

T1.30.14: Demonstrating Performance of

Spent Fuel and Related Storage System

Components during Very Long Term Storage

CRP: Title

Total

Country/Org. AwardContracts RCMs

Type of Expenditure and Amount in Euro

Total

116

Regular Budget Funds (RBF)

5 846 199

86%

Extra Budgetary

Resources

(EBR)

931 91214%

Figure 1: Illustration of the Proportion of Regular Budget

and Extrabudgetary Funding in 2014

117

C. Research Coordination Meetings (RCMs)

C. I. Introduction

73 Research Coordination Meetings (RCMs) were held in support of the CRPs) and an amount

of €1 733 934 was spent in support of these meetings.

1.1 Nuclear Power 2.3 Water Resources 1.2 Nuclear Fuel Cycle & Materials Technology. 2.4 Environment 1.3 Capacity Building & Nuclear Knowledge Maintenance 2.5 Radioisotope Production and Radiation Technology. 1.4 Nuclear Science 3.2 Safety of Nuclear Installations 2.1 Food and Agriculture 3.4 Management of Radioactive Waste 2.2 Human Health 3.5 Nuclear Security

More information on RCMs can be found under Chapter C.II ‘Research Coordination Meetings

Held in 2014 by Subprogramme’ and C.III ‘Research Coordination Meetings Held in 2014 by

Country’

118

1 MP 1 (28)

1.1 Nuclear Power

CRP I3.50.04Cont: 6 Agree: 5

Examining the Techno-Economics of Nuclear Hydrogen Production and Benchmark Analysis of the IAEA HEEP Software

RCM Code: I35004-CR-3 Start: 2014-12-16 End: 2014-12-18 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Khamis Ibrahim


Application of Advanced Low Temperature Desalination Systems to Support Nuclear Power Plants and Non-Electric Applications


Project Officer: Khamis Ibrahim


HTGR Reactor Physics, Thermal-Hydraulics and Depletion Uncertainty Analysis


Project Officer: Reitsma Frederik


Understanding and Prediction of Thermal Hydraulics Phenomena Relevant to Supercritical Water Cooled Reactors


Project Officer: Yamada Katsumi


Continued Operations Beyond 60 Years in Nuclear Power Plants

RCM Code: I21021-CR-3 Start: 2014-10-14 End: 2014-10-17 City: Shanghai Country: China

Project Officer: Kang Ki Sig


Prediction of Axial and Radial Creep in Pressure Tubes

RCM Code: I31023-CR-2 Start: 2014-07-29 End: 2014-07-31 City: Ottawa Country: Canada

Project Officer: Krause Matthias


Review and Benchmark of Calculation Methods on Piping Wall Thinning due to Erosion-corrosion in Nuclear Power Plants

RCM Code: I21022-CR-2 Start: 2014-06-04 End: 2014-06-06 City: Erlangen Country: Germany

Project Officer: Moore John Henry


Sodium Properties and Safe Operation of Experimental Facilities in Support of the Development and Deployment of Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (NAPRO)


Project Officer: Monti Stefano


CRP T1.20.28Cont: 2 Agree: 24

Fuel Modelling in Accident Conditions (FUMAC)

RCM Code: T12028-CR-1 Start: 2014-11-11 End: 2014-11-14 City: Karlsruhe Country: Germany

Project Officer: Inozemtsev Victor


Demonstrating Performance of Spent Fuel and Related Storage System Components during Very Long Term Storage

RCM Code: T13014-CR-2 Start: 2014-11-10 End: 2014-11-14 City: Tokyo Country: Japan

Project Officer: Bevilacqua Arturo


Reliability of High Power, Extended Burnup and Advanced PHWR Fuels

RCM Code: T12027-CR-1 Start: 2014-10-08 End: 2014-10-10 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Basak Uddharan

2015-05-27Printed: Page: 1

Research Contracts System Research

C. II Research Coordination Meetings (RCMs) in 2014 by Sub-programme

119


Evaluation of Conditions for Hydrogen-Induced Degradation of Zirconium Alloys during Fuel Operation and Storage

RCM Code: T12025-CR-3 Start: 2014-09-08 End: 2014-09-12 City: Mito Country: Japan


CRP F1.10.14Cont: 3 Agree: 16

Benchmarking of Structural Materials Pre-selected for Advanced Nuclear Reactors.

RCM Code: F11014-CR-3 Start: 2014-05-20 End: 2014-05-23 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria



Near Term and Promising Long Term Options for Deployment of Thorium Based Nuclear Energy

RCM Code: T12026-CR-2 Start: 2014-04-08 End: 2014-04-11 City: Milan Country: Italy

Project Officer: Basak Uddharan



Assessing the National and Regional Economic and Social Effects of Nuclear Programmes


Project Officer: Alexeeva Victoria


Techno-economic Evaluation of Options for Adapting Nuclear and other Energy Infrastructure to Long-term Climate Change and Extreme Weather


Project Officer: Stankeviciute Loreta

1.4 Nuclear Science


Nuclear Data for Charged-particle Monitor Reactions and Medical Isotope Production


Project Officer: Capote Noy Roberto Mario


Establishment of Material Properties Database for Irradiated Core Structural Components for Continued Safe Operation and Lifetime Extension of Ageing Research Reactors

RCM Code: T34002-CR-2 Start: 2014-11-17 End: 2014-11-21 City: Daejeon Country: Korea - Republic of

Project Officer: Morris Charles


Conceptual Development of Steady-state Compact Fusion Neutron Sources


Project Officer: Gonzalez de Vicente Sehila Maria


Utilization of Ion Accelerators for Studying and Modelling of Radiation Induced Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators


Project Officer: Simon Aliz

CRP G4.20.04Cont: 4 Agree: 5

Improvement of Portable Instruments and Analytical Techniques for in Situ Applications

RCM Code: G42004-CR-3 Start: 2014-10-20 End: 2014-10-24 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Padilla Alvarez Roman


Spectroscopic and Collisional Data for Tungsten from 1 eV to 20 keV


Project Officer: Braams Bastiaan Johan




120


Data for Erosion and Tritium Retention in Beryllium Plasma-facing Materials


Project Officer: Braams Bastiaan Johan

CRP G4.20.05Cont: 10 Agree: 8

Experiments with Synchrotron Radiation for Modern Environmental and Industrial Applications

RCM Code: G42005-CR-1 Start: 2014-07-21 End: 2014-07-25 City: Trieste Country: Italy

Project Officer: Karydas Andreas Germanos


Development of Molecular Concentration Mapping Techniques Using MeV Focussed Ion Beams

RCM Code: F11019-CR-1 Start: 2014-06-16 End: 2014-06-20 City: Guildford Country: United Kingdom

Project Officer: Simon Aliz


Benchmarking of Structural Materials Pre-selected for Advanced Nuclear Reactors.




Advanced Moderators for Intense Cold Neutron Beams in Materials Research


Project Officer: Gonzalez de Vicente Sehila Maria


Development of a Reference Database for Particle-Induced Gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) Spectroscopy


Project Officer: Dimitriou Paraskevi


Improved Instrumentation and Control (I&C) Maintenance Techniques for Research Reactors using the Plant Computer

RCM Code: T34001-CR-2 Start: 2014-02-17 End: 2014-02-21 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria


2 MP 2 (42)


CRP D4.20.15Cont: 9 Agree: 11

Enhancing Vector Refractoriness to Trypanosome Infection

RCM Code: D42015-CR-2 Start: 2014-12-01 End: 2014-12-05 City: Addis Ababa Country: Ethiopia

Project Officer: Abd Alla Adly Mohamed Mohamed


Optimizing Soil, Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Integrated Cropping-Livestock Production Systems

RCM Code: D12012-CR-2 Start: 2014-11-17 End: 2014-11-21 City: Nairobi Country: Kenya

Project Officer: Sakadevan Karuppan


Minimizing Farming Impacts on Climate Change by Enhancing Carbon and Nitrogen Capture and Storage in Agro-Ecosystems

RCM Code: D15016-CR-1 Start: 2014-11-03 End: 2014-11-07 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Zaman Mohammad


Landscape Salinity and Water Management for Improving Agricultural Productivity

RCM Code: D12013-CR-2 Start: 2014-09-08 End: 2014-09-12 City: Beijing Country: China

Project Officer: Heng Lee Kheng




121


Integrated Utilization of Cereal Mutant Varieties in Crop/Livestock Production Systems for Climate Smart Agriculture

RCM Code: D23030-CR-2 Start: 2014-08-18 End: 2014-08-21 City: Bogor Country: Indonesia

Project Officer: Jankuloski Ljupcho


Dormancy Management to Enable Mass-rearing and Increase Efficacy of Sterile Insects and Natural Enemies


Project Officer: Cardoso Pereira Rui


Early and Rapid Diagnosis and Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases — Phase II: African Swine Fever


Project Officer: Unger Hermann


The Use of Irradiated Vaccines in the Control of Infectious Transboundary Diseases of Livestock


Project Officer: Diallo Adama


Increasing the Efficiency of Lepidoptera SIT by Enhanced Quality Control

RCM Code: D41022-CR-4 Start: 2014-06-02 End: 2014-06-06 City: Kelowna Country: Canada

Project Officer: Vreysen Marc


Development of Generic Irradiation Doses for Quarantine Treatments


Project Officer: Henon Yves Marie Alphonse


Implementation of Nuclear Techniques to Improve Food Traceability

RCM Code: D52037-CR-2 Start: 2014-05-26 End: 2014-05-30 City: Lisbon Country: Portugal

Project Officer: Frew Russell David


Use of Stable Isotopes to Trace Bird Migrations and Molecular Nuclear Techniques to Investigate the Epidemiology and Ecology of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

RCM Code: D32030-CR-2 Start: 2014-05-05 End: 2014-05-09 City: Izmir Country: Turkey

Project Officer: Naletoski Ivancho


Isolation and Characterization of Genes Involved in Mutagenesis of Crop Plants


Project Officer: Lagoda Pierre Jean Laurent


Use of Symbiotic Bacteria to Reduce Mass-rearing Costs and Increase Mating Success in Selected Fruit Pests in Support of SIT Application.

RCM Code: D41024-CR-2 Start: 2014-05-04 End: 2014-05-10 City: Bangkok Country: Thailand

Project Officer: Caceres Barrios Carlos Edmundo


Development of Radiometric and Allied Analytical Methods to Strengthen National Residue Control Programs for Antibiotic and Anthelmintic Veterinary Drug Residues

RCM Code: D52036-CR-4 Start: 2014-04-14 End: 2014-04-18 City: Natal Country: Brazil

Project Officer: Sasanya James Jacob


Improving Nutritional Quality by Altering Concentrations of Enhancing Factors Using Induced Mutation and Biotechnology in Crops

RCM Code: D23028-CR-4 Start: 2014-04-07 End: 2014-04-11 City: Cusco Country: Peru

Project Officer: Nielen Stephan




122


Enhancing the Efficiency of Induced Mutagenesis through an Integrated Biotechnology Pipeline

RCM Code: D24012-CR-4 Start: 2014-04-07 End: 2014-04-11 City: Seibersdorf Country: Austria

Project Officer: Till Bradley John


Development and Evaluation of Improved Strains of Insect Pests for SIT

RCM Code: D42014-CR-4 Start: 2014-04-07 End: 2014-07-11 City: Capri Country: Italy

Project Officer: Bourtzis Konstantinos

2.2 Human Health

CRP E3.10.06Cont: 12 Agree: 4

Safety and Optimisation of Radiation Sterilization in Tissue Banking: Studies on Functional Properties of Irradiated Tissue Grafts

RCM Code: E31006-CR-3 Start: 2014-09-03 End: 2014-09-05 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Belyakov Oleg


Radiation Therapy Planning of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer based on PET/CT (Radiation Oncology component).


Project Officer: Fidarova Elena


Radiation Therapy Planning of Non-small cell lung cancer based on PET/CT. (Diagnostic component)


Project Officer: Paez Gutierrez Diana Isabel


Use of 18F-FDG PET/CT for Imaging TB Patients and Related Conditions (HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis): Focus on Drug Resistant Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis


Project Officer: Pascual Thomas Neil


Instructive Surfaces and Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Using Radiation Technology. (conducted jointly with F23030)




Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy versus Transarterial Chemoembolization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma


Project Officer: Prasad Rajiv Ranjan


Strengthening of “Biological dosimetry” in IAEA Member States: Improvement of current techniques and intensification of collaboration and networking among the different institutes.




Nuclear Techniques to Assess Body Composition in Children and Adolescents as a Risk Factor in the Development of Chronic Diseases


Project Officer: Slater Christine


Using Nuclear Techniques to Assess the Role of Nutrition-Sensitive Agri-Food Systems in Improving Diet, Health and Nutritional Status of Vulnerable Populations


Project Officer: Loechl Cornelia


Evidence-Based Assessment of Radiotherapy Demand and Quality of Radiotherapy Services





123

Project Officer: Rosenblatt Eduardo


Using Nuclear Techniques to Develop and Evaluate Food-Based Strategies to Prevent Micronutrient Deficiencies in Young Children


Project Officer: Loechl Cornelia

2.3 Water Resources


Application and Development of Isotope Techniques to Evaluate Human Impacts on Water Balance and Nutrient Dynamics of Large River Basins


Project Officer: Halder Janine


The Use of Environmental Isotopes to Assess Sustainability of Intensively Exploited Aquifer Systems


Project Officer: Kumar Bhishm


Environmental Isotope and Age Dating Methods to Assess Water Quality in Rivers Affected by Shallow Groundwater Discharges


Project Officer: Wassenaar Leonard Irwin


Estimation of Groundwater Recharge and Discharge by Using the Tritium-Helium-3 Dating Technique


Project Officer: Matsumoto Takuya

2.4 Environment

CRP K4.10.12Cont: 8 Agree: 1

Ocean Acidification and the Economic Impact on Fisheries and Coastal Society

RCM Code: K41012-CR-2 Start: 2014-10-20 End: 2014-10-21 City: Monaco Country: Monaco

Project Officer: Metian Marc Hector Trajan



Application of Radiation Technology in the Development of Advanced Packaging Materials for Food Products

RCM Code: F22063-CR-2 Start: 2014-09-08 End: 2014-09-12 City: Béjaïa Country: Algeria

Project Officer: Safrany Agnes


Development of Ga-68 based PET-Radiopharmaceuticals for Management of Cancer and other Chronic Diseases


Project Officer: Bhonsle Uday Shankarrao


Instructive Surfaces and Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Using Radiation Technology. (Conducted Jointly with E31007)




Nanosized Delivery Systems for Radiopharmaceuticals




Radiation Curing of Composites for Enhancing their Features and Utility in Health Care and Industry

RCM Code: F22051-CR-3 Start: 2014-06-09 End: 2014-06-13 City: Palermo Country: Italy




124



Radiation Treatment of Wastewater for Reuse with Particular Focus on Wastewaters Containing Organic Pollutants

RCM Code: F23029-CR-3 Start: 2014-05-19 End: 2014-05-23 City: Budapest Country: Hungary

Project Officer: Sabharwal Sunil


Radiometric Methods for Measuring and Modelling Multiphase Systems Towards Process Management

RCM Code: F22060-CR-2 Start: 2014-05-12 End: 2014-05-16 City: Dalat Country: Viet Nam

Project Officer: Brisset Patrick Dominique M.


Development and Preclinical Evaluations of Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals Based on Lu-177 and Y-90 Labeled Monoclonal Antibodies and Peptides

RCM Code: F22052-CR-3 Start: 2014-04-07 End: 2014-04-11 City: Prague Country: Czech Republic

Project Officer: Osso Junior Joao Alberto

3 MP 3 (4)



Establishment of Material Properties Database for Irradiated Core Structural Components for Continued Safe Operation and Lifetime Extension of Ageing Research Reactors

RCM Code: T34002-CR-2 Start: 2014-11-17 End: 2014-11-21 City: Daejeon Country: Korea - Republic of




Processing Technologies for High Level Waste, Formulation of Matrices and Characterisation of Waste Forms

RCM Code: T21027-CR-2 Start: 2014-10-20 End: 2014-10-23 City: Avignon Country: France

Project Officer: Samanta Susanta Kumar


CRP J0.20.03Cont: 5 Agree: 5

Identification of High Confidence Nuclear Forensics Signatures for the Development of National Nuclear Forensics Libraries

RCM Code: J02003-CR-1 Start: 2014-12-02 End: 2014-12-04 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Smith David Kenneth

CRP J0.20.04Cont: 0 Agree: 15

Development of Nuclear Security Assessment Methodologies (NUSAM) for Regulated Facilities.

RCM Code: J02004-CR-1 Start: 2014-03-17 End: 2014-03-21 City: IAEA HQs - Vienna Country: Austria

Project Officer: Garrett Albert




125

C. III RESEARCH COORDINATION MEETINGS HELD IN 2014 BY COUNTRY

COUNTRY NUMBER OF MEETINGS

Algeria 1

Austria (IAEA Headquarters) 45

Brazil

Canada

1

2

China 2

Czech Republic

Ethiopia

1

1

France

Germany

1

2

Hungary

Indonesia

1

1

Italy

Japan

4

2

Kenya 1

Korea – Republic of 1

Monaco 1

Peru 1

Portugal 1

Thailand

Turkey

1

1

United Kingdom 1

Viet Nam 1

Total 73

126

D. IAEA 2014 Programme/Subprogramme and Corresponding CRP Codes

MAJOR PROGRAMME 1. NUCLEAR POWER, FUEL CYCLE AND NUCLEAR SCIENCE

CRP Code1

1.1 Nuclear Power

1.1.1 Integrated Support for Operating Nuclear Facilities I2, I3

1.1.5 Technology Development for Advanced Reactor Lines I3


1.2.2 Nuclear Power Reactor Fuel Engineering T1, F1

1.2.3 Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors T1


1.3.2 Energy Economy Environment (3E) Analysis I1

1.4 Nuclear Science

1.4.1 Atomic and Nuclear Data F4

1.4.2 Research Reactors F1, T3

1.4.3 Accelerators and Nuclear Spectrometry for Materials Science and Analytical Applications

F1, G4

1.4.4 Nuclear Fusion Research F1

MAJOR PROGRAMME 2. NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION


2.1.1 Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production Systems D1

2.1.2 Sustainable Intensification of Livestock Production Systems D3

2.1.3 Improving Food Safety and Consumer Protection D5, D6

2.1.4 Sustainable Control of Major Insect Pests D4

2.1.5 Crop Improvement for Intensification of Agricultural Production Systems (CIIAPS)

D2

2.2 Human Health

2.2.1 Nutrition for Improved Health E4

2.2.2 Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging E1

2.2.3 Radiation Oncology and Cancer Treatment E3

2.2.4 Quality Assurance and Metrology in Radiation Medicine E2

2.3 Water Resources

2.3.1 Isotope Data Networks for Hydrology and Climate Studies F3

2.3.2 Isotope Based Assessments of Water Resources F3

1 Refers to the Section code where the CRP conducted

127

2.3.3 Radio-isotope Applications for Hydrology F3

2.4 Environment

2.4.1 IAEA Reference Products for Science and Trade K4

2.4.2 Nuclear Techniques to Understand Climate and Environmental Change

K4

2.4.4 Applying Analytical Techniques for the Marine and Terrestrial Environment

K4


2.5.1 Radioisotope Products for Management of Cancer and other Chronic Diseases

F2

2.5.2 Radiation Technology Applications for Health Care and Cleaner Industrial Processes and Practices

F2

MAJOR PROGRAMME 3. NUCLEAR SAFETY AND SECURITY


3.2.5 Safety of Research Reactor and Fuel Cycle Facilities T3


3.4.2 Technology for RWM, Decommissioning & Environmental Remediation

T2


3.5.2 Contributing to the Establishment of a Global Nuclear Security Framework

J0

3.5.3 Nuclear Security of Material Outside of Regulatory Control J0

128

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