COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Micro- Rain- Radar

Local Area Weather Radar

Cloud Radar

Meteorological Institute University Hamburg

Gerhard Peters

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

MRR (Micro Rain Radar) characteristics

Radar Wavelength =1.25 cm

Transmit Power 50 mW

Modulation FM-CW

Beam width (2 way 6 dB) 2°

Antenna Offset parabola

Number of range gates 31

Time Resolution 10 s

Spectral Velocity Resolution 0.191 m/s

Nyquist Velocity Range 0-12.3 m/s

Number of power spectra in 1 s 25

Min. detectable radar reflectivity (z=1000 m, dz=100 m, dt=60 s)

-2 dBZ

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

10 -1

10 0

10 1

10 2

10 3

10 4

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

spec

tral r

adar

refle

ctiv

ity [m

m6 /m

3 /(m/s

)]

fall speed [m/s]

Zingst, 1999-06-11, 100 m

11:1011:1111:12

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

10 0

10 1

10 2

10 3

10 4

10 5

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

spec

tral r

adar

refle

ctiv

ity [m

m6 /m

4 /mm

]

drop diameter [mm]

Zingst, 1999-06-11, 100 m

11:1011:1111:12

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0 1 2 3 4 5

lwc(

D) [

g/m

3/m

m]

D [mm]

11:1011:1111:12

M-P, 4.9 mm/h

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

0

1

2

3

4

5

0 1 2 3 4 5

rr(D

) [m

m/h

/mm

]

D [mm]

11:1011:1111:12

M-P, 4.9 mm/h

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

10 -4

10 -3

10 -2

10 -1

10 0

10 1

10 2

10 3

10 4

0 1 2 3 4 5

N(D

) [m

-3/m

m]

D [mm]

11:1011:1111:12

M-P, 4.9 mm/h

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

0

500

1000

1500

2 4 6 8 10

heig

ht [m

]

fall speed [m/s]

Zingst, Apr 16, 1998 06:45 UTC

26 28 30Ze [dbZ]

0 2 4 6 8vm [m/s]

0 10 20

R [mm/h]

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Spectral Modes22 / DR Top: Time-diameter cross section of slope of spectral rainrate

The red linesindicatespectral maxima

The red linesindicateheight of

melting layer

Bottom: Time-height cross section of rain rate

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Integral Modes

1 spectral maximum

2 spectral maxima

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

LAWR characteristics

Fan-beam-antenna replaced by pencil beam (Offset Parabol, 85 cm)Polarization: HorizontalScan Rate: 24 rpmX-Band Transceiver: Fixed to Antenna UnitTransmit power: 12 kW peakFrequency: 9410 ± 30 MHz (X-Band)Pulse width, Pulse repetition rate

0.08 µs/2100 Hz 0.3 µs/1200 Hz 0.8 µs/600 Hz

Sampling Rate 10 MHz (corresponds to 15 m range resolution)Digital power resolution 0.005 dBDynamic range 70 dBBeam width 2.5 ° (3dB 1 way)Antenna Gain > 30 dBiBeam Elevation: +3° to + 20° (adjustable).Sensitivity: 0 dBZ, (5 km range, 0.08 µs pulse width, 30 s time integration, 60 m

range integration, 2° azimuth integration)

Based on Nautical Radar Furuno, Type FR7112

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

LAWR characteristics

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Proposed radar sites

LAWR

14MRRsites

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

What is a Cloud Radar?

104

10 3

10 2

10 1

10 0

-10

0

10

20

30

40

-40

-50

-20

-30

dBZ

LWC gm^-3

1010.10.010.001

Clouds

Drizzle

Rain

weather radar

cloud radar

drop diameter μm

drop diameter μm

drop diameter μm

drop diameter μm

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Cloud Radar MIRA 36 characteristics

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Minimum Height 200 m

Measuring Range 15 km

Range Resolution 15, 30, 45, and 60 m

Doppler Velocity Resolution 0.05 m/sec

Maximum Unambiguous Velocity ±15 m/sec

Number of Gates (max) 500

FFT Length 128, 256, and 512

Minimum Dwell Time 0.1 sec

Antenna Beam Width 0.6 deg. X 0.6 deg.

Number of Gates with Simultaneously Stored Raw Data (max)

8

Sensitivity at 5 km (the integration time of 0.1 sec.) -41 dBZ

Cloud Radar MIRA 36 measurement characteristics

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Frequency 36.5 +/- 0.5 GHz

Peak Power (max) 30 kW

Tube Type magnetron

Pulse Width 100-400 ns

Pulse Repetition Frequency 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kHz

Minimum Detectable Signal -104 dBm

Sampling Rate 50 MHz

Sampling Resolution 12 bit

Type of Bus for the Signal Processing Board PCI

Operation System of the Host Computer Linux or Windows

Network Protocol TCP/IP

Antenna Diameter 1 m

Sidelobe Level -20 dB

Power Supply 230V+/-10% AC

Power Consumption (max) 1.3 kW

Weight 140 kg

Cloud Radar MIRA 36 technical characteristics

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Reflectivity

Linear DepolarizationRatio

Mean Doppler Velocity

No Precipitation Drizzle

Elmshorn 2006-10-01 Elmshorn 2006-10-01Cloud radar Products

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Geesthacht 2000-09-06 12:52Cloud radar Products

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Geesthacht 2000-09-04 21:09

Cloud radar Products

COPS-GOP-WS3 Hohenheim 2006_04_10

Cloud radar radar site?