Copyright 2005 USC1 US Builders Group 10 Hour OSHA Training Instructor: James Kihn.

Copyright 2005 USC 1

US Builders Group

10 Hour OSHA Training

Instructor: James Kihn



OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTHADMINISTRATION

An Act



An Act

“To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women; by authorizing enforcement of the standards developed under the Act; by assisting and encouraging the States in their efforts to assure safe and healthful working conditions; by providing for research, information, education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health; and for other purposes.”



An ActCONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND PURPOSE

SEC. (2) “Congress finds that personal injuries and illnesses arising out of work situations impose a substantial burden upon, and are a hindrance to, interstate commerce in terms of lost production, wage loss, medical expenses, and disability compensation payments.”



An ActCONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND PURPOSE

(b) “The congress declares it to be its purpose and policy through the exercise of its powers to regulate commerce among the several States and with foreign nations and to provide for the general welfare, to assure so far as possible every working man and women in the Nation safe and healthful working conditions and to preserve our human resources”



An ActDUTIES

SEC 5. (a) Each employer—(1) “shall furnish to each of his employees

employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to be caused death or serious physical harm to his employees.”

(2) “shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this Act.”



An ActDUTIES

(b) “Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions and conduct.”



An ActINSPECTIONS, INVESTIGATIONS AND RECORDKEEPING

SEC. 8. (a) “In order to carry out the purpose of this Act, the Secretary, upon presenting appropriate credentials to the owner, operator, or agent in charge, is authorized—”

(1) “to enter without delay and at reasonable times any factory, plant, establishment, construction site, or other area, workplace or environment where work is performed by an employee of an employer; and”



An ActINSPECTIONS, INVESTIGATIONS AND RECORDKEEPING

(2) “to inspect and investigate during regular working hours and at other reasonable times, and within reasonable limits and in a reasonable manner, any such place of employment and all pertinent conditions, structures, machines, apparatus, devices, equipment, and materials therein, and to question privately any such employer, owner, operator, agent or employee.”



An ActCITATIONS

SEC. 9. (b) “Each citation issued under this section, or a copy or copies thereof, shall be prominently posted, as prescribed in regulations issued by the Secretary, at or near each place a violation referred to in the citation occurred.”

(b) “No citation may be issued under this section after the expiration of six months following the occurrence of any violation.”



An ActJUDICIAL REVIEW

SEC. 11. (c)(1) “No person shall discharge or in any manner discriminate against any employee because such employee has filed any complaint or instituted or caused to be instituted any proceeding under or related to this Act or has testified or is about to testify in any such proceeding or because of the exercise by such employee on behalf of himself or others of any right afforded by this Act.”



An ActPENALTIES

SEC. 17. (a) “Any employer who willfully or repeatedly violates the requirements of section 5 of this Act, any standard, rule, or order promulgated pursuant to section 6 of this Act, or regulations prescribed pursuant to this Act, may be assessed a civil penalty of not more than $70,000 for each violation, but not less than $5,000 for each willful violation.”



An ActPENALTIES

(b) “Any employer who has received a citation for a serious violation of the requirements of section 5 of this Act, of any standard, rule, or order promulgated pursuant to section 6 of this Act, or of any regulations prescribed pursuant to this Act, shall be assessed a civil penalty of up to $7,000 for each such violation.”



An ActPENALTIES

(c) “Any employer who has received a citation for a violation of the requirements of section 5 of this Act, of any standard, rule, or order promulgated pursuant to section 6 of this Act, or of regulations prescribed pursuant to this Act, and such violation is specifically determined not to be of a serious nature, may be assessed a civil penalty of up to $7,000 for each such violation.”


An ActPENALTIES

(d) “Any employer who fails to correct a violation for which a citation has been issued under section 9(a) within the period permitted for its correction (which period shall not begin to run until the date of the final order of the Commission in the case of any review proceeding under section 10 initiated by the employer in good faith and not solely for delay or avoidance of penalties), may be assessed a civil penalty of not more than $7,000 for each day during which such failure or violation continues.”



An ActPENALTIES

(e) “Any employer who willfully violates any standard, rule, or order promulgated pursuant to section 6 of this Act, or of any regulations prescribed pursuant to this Act, and that violation caused death to any employee, shall upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 or by imprisonment for not more than six months, or by both; except that if the conviction is for a violation committed after a first conviction of such person, punishment shall be by a fine of not more than $20,000 or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or by both.”



An ActPENALTIES

(f) “Any person who gives advance notice of any inspection to be conducted under this Act, without authority from the Secretary or his designees shall upon conviction under this Act, without authority from the Secretary or his designees shall upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than six months, or by both”



An ActPENALTIES

(g) “Whoever knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan, or other document filed or required to be maintained pursuant to this Act shall, upon conviction be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000, or by imprisonment for not more than six months, or by both.”



An ActPENALTIES

(i) “Any employer who violates any of the posting requirements, as prescribed under the provisions of this Act, shall be assessed a civil penalty of up to $7,000 for each violation.”



An ActPENALTIES

(l) Civil penalties owed under this Act shall be paid to the Secretary for deposit into the Treasury of the United States and shall accrue to the United States……………



An ActEFFECTIVE DATE

SEC. 34. “This Act shall take effect one hundred and twenty days after the date of its enactment.”

Approved December 29, 1970Amended November 5, 1990



1926.20(b) Accident prevention responsibilities. (1) “It shall be the responsibility of the employer to initiate and maintain such programs as may be necessary to comply with this part.”

1926.20(b)(2) “Such programs shall provide for frequent and regular inspections of the job sites, materials, and equipment to be made by competent persons designated by the employers.”

Subpart C General Safety and Health Provisions1926.20 General safety and health provisions

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTHADMINISTRATIONOSHA



Subpart C General Safety and Health Provisions1926.20 General safety and health provisions

1926.20(b)(3) “The use of any machinery, tool, materialor equipment which is not in compliance with any applicable requirement of this part is prohibited. Such machine, tool, or equipment shall either be identified as unsafe by tagging or locking the controls to render them inoperable or shall be physically removed from its place of operation.”

1926.20(b)(4) “The employer shall permit only those employees qualified by training or experience to operate equipment and machinery.”

OSHA


Subpart C General Safety and Health Provisions1926.21 Safety training and education

1926.21(a) General requirements. “The Secretary shall, pursuant to section 107(f) of the Act, establish and supervise programs for the education and training of employers, and employees in the recognition, avoidance and prevention of unsafe conditions in employments covered by the act.”

1926.21(b) Employer responsibility. (1) “The employer should avail himself of the safety and health training programs the Secretary provides.”



Subpart C General Safety and Health Provisions1926.21 Safety training and education

1926.21(b)(2) “ The employer shall instruct each employee in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions and the regulations applicable to his work environment to control or eliminate any hazards or other exposure to illness or injury.”



Subpart C General Safety and Health Provisions1926.31 Incorporation by reference

1926.31(a) The standards of agencies of the U.S. Government, and organizations which are not agencies of the U.S. Government which are incorporated by reference in this part, have the same force and effect as other standards in this part. Only the mandatory provisions (i.e., provisions containing the word “shall” or other mandatory language) of standards incorporated by reference are adopted as standards under the Occupational Safety and Health Act……



Subpart C General Safety and Health Provisions1926.32 Definitions

1926.32(b) “ANSI means American National Standards Institute.”

1926.32(c) “Approved “means sanctioned, endorsed, accredited, certified, or accepted as satisfactory by a duly constituted and nationally recognized authority or agency.”

OSHA OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTHADMINISTRATION



1926.32(d) Authorized person “means a person approved or assigned by the employer to perform a specific type of duty or duties or to be at a specific location or locations at the jobsite.”

1926.32(e) Administration “means the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.”

OSHA OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION



1926.32(f) Competent person “means one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.”




1926.32(g) Construction work. “For purposes of this section, construction work means work for construction, alteration, and/or repair, including painting and decorating.”




1926.32(q) Shall “means mandatory”

1926.32(r) Should “means recommended”



Fall Protection


Falls are the leading cause of deaths in the construction industry.

Most fatalities occur when employees fall from open-sided floors and through floor openings.

Falls from as little as 4 to 6 feet can cause serious lost-time accidents and sometimes death.

Open-sided floors and platforms 6 feet or more in height must be guarded.

Falls in Construction


This presentation will discuss:

•The working conditions that prompt use of fall protection

•Options that are available to protect workers from falls

Fall Protection



Scaffolds


What Is A Scaffold?

An elevated, temporary work platform

Three basic types: Supported scaffolds -- platforms

supported by rigid, load bearing members, such as poles, legs, frames, & outriggers

Suspended scaffolds -- platforms suspended by ropes or other non-rigid, overhead support

Aerial Lifts -- such as “cherry pickers” or “boom trucks”


Hazards

• Falls from elevation – caused by slipping, unsafe access, and the lack of fall protection• Struck by falling tools / debris • Electrocution – from overhead power lines• Scaffold collapse - caused by instability or overloading • Bad planking giving way

Employees working on scaffolds are exposed to these hazards:



Excavations


Excavation Hazards

Cave-ins are the greatest risk

Other hazards include: Asphyxiation due to lack of oxygen Inhalation of toxic materials Fire Moving machinery near the edge of the

excavation can cause a collapse Accidental severing of underground

utility lines



CranesCranes


Major Causes of Crane Accidents

• Contact with power lines

• Overturns

• Falls

• Mechanical failures


• Instability – unsecured load, load capacity exceeded, or ground not level or too soft

• Lack of communication - the point of operation is a distance from the crane operator or not in full view of the operator

• Lack of training

• Inadequate maintenance or inspection

How Do Accidents Occur?



Tools – Hand and Power


Hazards• Workers using hand

and power tools may be exposed to these hazards:

objects that fall, fly, are abrasive, or splash

harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, and gases

frayed or damaged electrical cords, hazardous connections and improper grounding


Basic Tool Safety Rules

• Maintain regularly• Use right tool for the job• Inspect before use• Operate according to

manufacturers’ instructions • Use the right personal

protective equipment (PPE)• Use guards



Electrical Safety - Construction


Electricity - The Dangers

• About 5 workers are electrocuted every week

• Causes 12% of young worker workplace deaths

• Takes very little electricity to cause harm

• Significant risk of causing fires


Electricity – How it Works

• Electricity is the flow of energy from one place to another

• Requires a source of power: usually a generating station

• A flow of electrons (current) travels through a conductor

• Travels in a closed circuit



Materials Handling, Storage, Use, and Disposal


Overview -- Handling and Storing Materials

•Involves diverse operations:

•Manual material handling Carrying bags or materials Unpacking materials

•Material handling via machine Forklift Crane Rigging

•Stacking or storing drums, barrels, kegs, lumber, • loose bricks or other materials


Injuries

Lifting objects is a major cause of back injuries in the work place

Improper storing and handling of material and equipment can cause struck by and crushed by injuries


Hazards•Improper manual lifting or carrying loads that are too large or heavy

•Being struck by materials or being caught in pinch points

•Crushed by machines, falling materials or improperly stored materials

•Incorrectly cutting ties or securing devices



Personal Protective Equipment


Protecting Employees from Workplace Hazards

• Employers must protect employees from hazards such as falling objects, harmful substances, and noise exposures that can cause injury

• Employers must:– Use all feasible engineering and work practice

controls to eliminate and reduce hazards – Use personal protective equipment (PPE) if the

controls don’t eliminate the hazards.

• PPE is the last level of control!



Stairways and Ladders


• Stairways and ladders cause many injuries and fatalities among construction workers

• About half the injuries caused by slips, trips and falls from ladders and stairways require time off the job

Hazards

Improper use of the top rung of a step ladder



Hazard Communication

• Material Safety Data Sheets

• Labels

• Written Program

• Training of Employees


1926.59 = 1910.1200 Hazard Communication



Questions?

Thank you!

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Copyright 2005 USC1 US Builders Group 10 Hour OSHA Training Instructor: James Kihn.

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