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Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

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The American Promise: A Compact History Third Edition Chapter 17 Business and Politics in the Gilded Age, 1870–1895 Section 04 – Presidential Politics in the Gilded Age Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark • Johnson • Cohen • Stage • Lawson • Hartmann
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Page 1: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

The American Promise:A Compact History

Third Edition

Chapter 17Business and Politics in the Gilded

Age, 1870–1895Section 04 – Presidential Politics in

the Gilded Age

Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s

Roark • Johnson • Cohen • Stage • Lawson • Hartmann

Page 2: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Corruption and Party Strife

• The political corruption continued to trouble the nation in the 1880s.

• A small but determined group of reformers, concerned that powerful business interests often contrived to control state legislatures and, through them, U.S. Senators, championed a new ethics that would preclude politicians from getting rich from public office.

Page 3: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Corruption and Party Strife

• President Rutherford B. Hayes, whose disputed election victory in 1876 signaled the end of Reconstruction in the South, tried to steer a middle course between reformers and spoilsmen.

Page 4: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Corruption and Party Strife

• Party bosses dominated national politics: Roscoe Conkling headed the "Stalwarts,”

Page 5: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Corruption and Party Strife

• James G. Blaine led the "Half-Breeds”

Page 6: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Corruption and Party Strife

• the "Mugwumps," consisting primarily of reform-minded Republicans, constituted a third faction.

Page 7: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Corruption and Party Strife

• The Republicans nominated a darkhorse candidate, James A. Garfield, and a Stalwart, Chester A. Arthur, to be his running mate.

Page 8: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Garfield’s Assassination and Civil Service Reform

• After less than four months in office, Garfield was assassinated by Charles Guiteau, a disgruntled office seeker who claimed to be motivated by political partisanship.

Page 9: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Garfield’s Assassination and Civil Service Reform

• The public demanded reform.

• Reform came with the passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Act in 1883.

Page 10: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Reform and Scandal: The Campaign of 1884

• James G. Blaine won the Republican nomination in 1884.

• Grover Cleveland won the Democratic nomination

Page 11: Copyright © 2007 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Roark Johnson Cohen Stage Lawson Hartmann.

Presidential Politicsin the Gilded Age

Reform and Scandal: The Campaign of 1884

• Reform-minded Republicans who considered Blaine the personification of political corruption left the party and embraced the Democrats' candidate, Grover Cleveland


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