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Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Improving Multidisciplinary Optimizaton Methods in AEC
1
Principal Investigators
John Haymaker, Assistant Professor of CEEIlan Kroo, Professor of Aero / Astro
Research Staff
Forest Flager, Ph.D. candidate of CEEBen Welle, Ph.D. candidate of CEE
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Overview
(1) Industry Drivers / Limitations
(2) Applying MDO Methods to AEC
(3) Research Plan / Team
(4) Value Proposition
2
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
INDUSTRY DRIVERS / LIMITATIONS
3
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Industry Drivers
4
sustainability schedule globalization cost
25% reduction in life-cycle costs
significantly reduce time to
market
deliver majority of services from global markets
deliver within 2% of estimated cost
• balance capital cost with
operating costs / environmental
impact
• improve productivity
• support distributed
teams
• leverage construction knowledge
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
We Have the Technology
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) tools:• used earlier in the design process • increasing number of disciplines supported
5
Structure Energy Facade Lighting
CFD Acoustics Cost Schedule
Analysis toolsAnalysis tools
2Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design
DAYLIGHT (RADIANCE, ECOTECT)
ACOUSTIC (ECOTECT)
CFD (FLUENT, FLOVENT)
STRUCTURAL (ETABS, SAP2000)
SOLAR RADIATION (ECOTECT, IES)
SHADOW (ECOTECT)
Analysis toolsAnalysis tools
2Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design
DAYLIGHT (RADIANCE, ECOTECT)
ACOUSTIC (ECOTECT)
CFD (FLUENT, FLOVENT)
STRUCTURAL (ETABS, SAP2000)
SOLAR RADIATION (ECOTECT, IES)
SHADOW (ECOTECT)
Analysis toolsAnalysis tools
2Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design
DAYLIGHT (RADIANCE, ECOTECT)
ACOUSTIC (ECOTECT)
CFD (FLUENT, FLOVENT)
STRUCTURAL (ETABS, SAP2000)
SOLAR RADIATION (ECOTECT, IES)
SHADOW (ECOTECT)
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
How is Current Practice Doing?
Survey results [1]:
6
Iteration Duration
Iterations per ProjectInitial Subsequent
7 wks 5 wks 2.8Manage In-formation
58%Plan6%
Execute36%
Where time is spentDesign iteration metrics
New design methods and computational frameworks are required to fully benefit from progress in IT
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
APPLYING MDO METHODS TO AEC
Boeing’s Rapid Conceptual Design (RCD) Process [1]
7
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Related Research
8
Design Process Management MDO Optimization in AEC
• Design Structure Matrix (Steward, Smith, et al.)
• Narratives (Haymaker, Suter)
• Collaborative Opt. (Braun and Kroo)
• Concurrent Subspace Opt. (Sobieszszanski-Sobieski)
• Trial and error• Evolutionary Algorithms (Kicinger, Parmee, et al.)
• Simulated Annealing (Shea)
System-level Optimizer
SubspaceOptimizer
Analysis
SubspaceOptimizer
Analysis
SubspaceOptimizer
Analysis
System-level Optimizer
Analysis Analysis Analysis
MEMBER SIZING
SE
SHAPE DESIGN
A + SE + ME
TOPOLOGY DESIGN
A + SE + ME + FE
N-S BaysE-W Bays
N-S BaysE-W Bays
Arch HeightFrame Depth
AestheticsSteel WeightMember Util
AestheticsSteel WeightMember Util
x
y
z
ANALYSIS LAYER
Element list: "bottomSurf_real"
Scale: 1:985.4
Area, A: 1250. cm²/pic.cm
700.0 cm²
600.0 cm²
500.0 cm²
400.0 cm²
300.0 cm²
200.0 cm²
100.0 cm²
80.00 cm²
60.00 cm²
40.00 cm²
20.00 cm²
0.0 cm²
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Research Goals
Develop and apply MDO methods that meet theparticular needs of the AEC industry to:
• Compress design cycle time• Explore more alternatives• Achieve substantive product quality and
performance gains• Reduce time to market
9
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Research Goals
Develop and apply MDO methods that meet theparticular needs of the AEC industry to: • Understand coupling between analyses• Function with AEC organizations• Visualize tradeoffs• Improve interoperability
10
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
RESEARCH PLAN / TEAM
11
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Design problems addressed:
Disciplines Involved:Topology Shape Component
Sizing
Research Scope
12
• Structure• Energy• Cost
• Daylighting• Thermal Comfort
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Design Problems Addressed Disciplines Involved
Topology• Structure• Energy• Cost • Daylighting• Thermal Comfort
Shape
Member Sizing
Research Scope
13
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Design Problems Addressed Disciplines Involved
Topology• Structure• Energy• Cost • Daylighting• Thermal Comfort
Shape
Member Sizing
Research Scope
14
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Design Problems Addressed Disciplines Involved
Topology• Structure• Energy• Cost • Daylighting• Thermal Comfort
Shape
Member Sizing
Research Scope
15
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Design Problems Addressed Disciplines Involved
Topology• Structure• Energy• Cost • Daylighting• Thermal Comfort
Shape
Member Sizing
Research Scope
16
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Research Phases
(1) Proof of Concept – Classroom MDO
(2) Scaling MDO for Industry Application
(3) Develop General MDA Tools
(4) Industry Application of New MDO Methods
17
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Proof of Concept – Classroom MDO (Phase 1)
Research Tasks Parties Involved
1. Compare commercial PIDO platforms
• Staff• PIDO vendors
2. Evaluate PIDO on Classroom case study [2]
• Staff• Phoenix Integration• Gehry Technologies
1818
supported by 2008 proposal
=
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Research Schedule(Phase 1)
CAPABILITIES
Component Properties Geometry Topology IFC import
/ export
ANALYSES
Structure (GSA)
Energy (EnergyPlus)
Cost (various)
Daylighting (Radiance)
Thermal (Fluent)
19
Industry Application
== R+D
Apr-08 Apr-10
Apr-08 Apr-10
Apr 08 - Jul 08
Phase 1
Jul-08 - Dec-08
Phase 2
Today
Today
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Results(Phase 1)
20
Reid Senescu and John Haymaker
• Automation• Integration• Trades
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Scaling MDO for Industry Application (Phase 2)
Research Tasks Parties Involved
1. Apply to industry project [3] •Arup• Phoenix Integration
2. Automate structural member sizing process
• Arup• Phoenix Integration
3. Develop member sizing optimization algorithm • Arup
• Phoenix Integration
21
supported by 2008 proposal
=
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Research Schedule(Phase 2)
CAPABILITIES
Component Properties Geometry Topology IFC import
/ export
ANALYSES
Structure (GSA)
Energy (EnergyPlus)
Cost (various)
Daylighting (Radiance)
Thermal (Fluent)
22
Industry Application
== R+D
Apr-08 Apr-10
Apr-08 Apr-10
Apr 08 - Jul 08
Phase 1
Jul-08 - Dec-08
Phase 2
Today
Today
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
xy
z
ANALYSIS LAYER
Element list: "upper plane"
Scale: 1:992.5
x
y
z
ANALYSIS LAYERElement list: 2456
Scale: 1:7.091
x y
z
ANALYSIS LAYER
Element list: 1939 1940
Scale: 1:17.88x
y
z
ANALYSIS LAYER
Element list: 2106 2107
Scale: 1:12.60
Universal Beam (UB) Section
Rectangular HollowSection (RHS)
Circular HollowSection (CHS)
Results(Phase 2)
23
Design Method
Design Iteration
Time Duration
TotalCompleted
Conventional 4 hours 39
MDO 6 min 8042
Conventional MDO 0
500
1000
1500 1414
1146
Total Steel Weight (metric tons) $10 Million
(Est. Savings)
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Develop General MDA Tools(Phase 3)
Research Tasks Parties Involved
1. Develop topology trade study capability
(structure, energy cost)
• Research Assistant• Phoenix Integration
2. Develop IFC parser • Research Assistant• AEC3
3. Develop general analysis capability (daylighting, thermal comfort)
• Sustainable Innovations• FPCE, ME Dept, Stanford
24
to be supportedby this proposal
=
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Research Schedule(Phase 3)
CAPABILITIES
Component Properties Geometry Topology IFC import
/ export
ANALYSES
Structure (GSA)
Energy (EnergyPlus)
Cost (various)
Daylighting (Radiance)
Thermal (Fluent)
25
Industry Application
== R+D
Apr-08 Apr-10
Apr-08 Apr-10
Today
Jan-09 - Dec-09
Phase 3
Jun-09 - Apr-10
Phase 4
Today
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Expected Results(Phase 3)
26
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Industry Application of MDO (Phase 4)
27
to be supportedby this proposal
=
Research Tasks Parties Involved
1. Apply MDO to Industry Projects
CIFE MEMBERS:• Arup• Gehry Technologies• ?
2. Document Case Studies • Project stakeholders
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Apr-08 Apr-10
Apr-08 Apr-10
Today
Jan-09 - Dec-09
Phase 3
Jun-09 - Apr-10
Phase 4
Today
Research Schedule(Phase 4)
CAPABILITIES
Component Properties Geometry Topology IFC import
/ export
ANALYSES
Structure (GSA)
Energy (EnergyPlus)
Cost (various)
Daylighting (Radiance)
Thermal (Fluent)
28
Industry Application
== R+D
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Expected Results(Phase 4)
Develop and apply MDO methods that meet theparticular needs of the AEC industry to:
• Compress design cycle time
• Explore more alternatives
• Achieve substantive product quality and performance gains
• Reduce time to market
29
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Research Team
Principal Investigators
John HaymakerAssist. Prof., CEEStanford Univeristy
Ilan KrooProf., Aero / AstroStanford University
StaffForest FlagerPhD cand., CEEStanford University
Benjamin WellePhD cand., CEEStanford University
CollaboratorsGrant SoremekunApplication Eng.Phoenix Integration
Kristina SheaAssist. Prof., METU Munich
Industry Involvement
• Phoenix Integration• Arup • Gehry Technologies• AEC 3
• Sustainable Innovations• Microsoft• Dell
30
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
VALUE PROPOSITION
31
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
How Your Investment Has Been Leveraged
32
42%
27%
15%
2%15%
Chart Title
Hardware / Software Research Staff Staff Tuition + SalaryMisc.Professional Services
Project Budget
Proposal Budget
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Impact of Research on CIFE 2015 Goals
33
Reid Senescu and John Haymaker
Conven-tional
MDO 0
500
1000
1500
Steel Weight$10
Million
sustainability schedule globalization cost
25% reduction in life-cycle costs
significantly reduce time to
market
deliver majority of services from global markets
deliver within 2% of estimated cost
Design Method
IterationTime
Current 4 hours
MDO 6 min
Copyright 2009
Improving MDO in AEC
CIFE TAC 2009
Research Deliverables to CIFE Members
• Publications• Participate in case study projects• Training sessions• Process assessment• Access to software
34