Copyright © 2010, Grant Iannelli, DC HS130: Anatomy & Physiology II Unit 8 Seminar:...

Copyright © 2010, Grant Iannelli, DC

HS130: Anatomy & Physiology II

Unit 8 Seminar: Fluid/Electrolyte Balance

Acid/Base EquilibriumDr. Grant Iannelli

Professor, Kaplan University


Tonight’s Agenda

WelcomeCourse Questions, Problems &

IssuesUnit 7 ReviewSeminar discussion


Course Questions, Problems & Issues


Unit 7 Issues to Review The uterus is located: What is the most distal structure in

relation to the kidneys? Which level of the spinal cord is

involved with the regulation of micturition?

True/false Glucose is a normal finding in the urine.

The major components of the nephron:

A tuft or network of capillaries involved in filtration:


Fluid & Electrolyte Balance


What are the three main fluid compartments of the body?

Which of these make up extracellular fluid?

Fluids


WaterWhat

factors influence the percentage of water in the body?


Water GainWhat are

the three sources of water for the body?


Water LossList the four

organs from which fluid loss occurs.


Water Loss

Why is the body unable to reduce its fluid output to zero no matter how dehydrated it is?


ElectrolytesWhat is the

difference between electrolytes and nonelectrolytes?


ElectrolytesName the

three most important negative ions.

Name three important positive ions.


Urine Regulation Where is each made and what is the specific effect each has on urine volume?

Name the three hormones that regulate urine volume.


How does aldosterone influence water movement between the kidney tubules and the blood?

Aldosterone


Water MovementWhat is the

role of capillary blood pressure in water movement between the plasma and interstitial fluid?


Water MovementWhat is the

role of plasma proteins in water movement between the plasma and interstitial fluid?


Describe the common fluid imbalances.DehydrationOverhydrationEdema

Fluid Disturbances


Acid-Base Equilibrium


Acids and BasesWhat is an

acid?A base?


What is the relationship between pH and the relative concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in solution?

The pH Scale


What is the chemical reaction that converts carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid?

Acid-Base Chemistry

•What enzyme catalyzes this reaction?


Acid-Base ChemistryWhat is a

buffer?



Acid-Base ChemistryHow does a buffer pair react if more

hydrogen ions are added to the blood?


Acid-Base ChemistryHow does a buffer pair react if more

hydroxide ions are added to the blood?


Acid-Base ChemistryWhat changes occur in the blood as

a result of buffering fixed acids?


Acid-Base BalanceExplain the respiratory mechanism of

pH control.


Renal pH ControlExplain how

the kidney uses NaH2PO4 to remove hydrogen ions from the blood.


Disturbances

Define acidosis and alkalosis.


Case Study: Justin Peaks A mountain climber,

Justin Peaks, spent several days camped at a very high altitude on a mountain. He noticed that he was breathing faster than normal and that he began to feel nervous, excitable, and his muscles were hyperactive. Suggest a reason for his symptoms.


Case Study: Justin Peaks

Justin felt ill and vomited several times. How would this affect his alkalosis?


Case Study: Justin Peaks

Because Justin didn’t feel well, he took several antacid tablets, which contained sodium bicarbonate. Was this a good idea? How would this affect his alkalosis?


Case Study: Justin PeaksHow would his

body work to control his alkalosis and maintain homeostasis of the pH of his body fluids?


Questions??Ask ME or ask your

classmates!!


Thanks for attending!

See you in discussion!

Date post:	12-Jan-2016
Category:	Documents
Upload:	caren-summers
View:	215 times
Download:	0 times

Copyright © 2010, Grant Iannelli, DC HS130: Anatomy & Physiology II Unit 8 Seminar:...

Documents