Farid K. Muzaki, S.Si., M.Si

Jurusan BIOLOGIFMIPA – ITS Surabaya

CORAL BIOLOGY IIICORAL BIOLOGY IIISKELETON & GROWTH FORM

Biology of Coral – SB091546

Soft coral

The stony coral (Scleractinia)….(1)

Corallum entire skeleton of a scleractinian coral, regardless of , gwhether the animal is solitary or colonial

Corallite the skeleton of a single polypCalyx concave depression that houses the polyp (pl: calices)Theca outer wall of the coralliteSeptum skeletal plates that radiate into the calyx from the wall (sometimes called scleroseptum); which project inward and support the mesenteries of the polyp (pl: septa)p yp (p p )

Coenosteum skeletal material between walls of adjacent corallites

Costa extensions of the septa outside the wall of the corallite (pl: costae)

The stony coral (Scleractinia)….(2)

Columella central structure of the calyx formed by fusion of the lower elements of the septap

Tuberculae larger-than-polyp bumps occurring in the coenosteumVerrucae larger-than-polyp bumps composed of several corallites

Papillae smaller-than-polyp, nipple-like bumps on the surface of the skeletonthe skeleton

The arrangement of corallite (1)

Solitary Solitary Cerioid Phacelloid Phacelloid Hydnophorid Pl id Plocoid Dendroid Meandroid Flabello-meandroid

The arrangement of corallite (2)

Phaceloid koralit memanjangmembentuk tabung dan juga mempunyaikoralit dengan dinding masing-masingEx. Galaxea fascicularis

SolitarySolitaryEx. Fungia horrida

The arrangement of corallite (3)

Cerioid apabila dinding koralit saling menyatu dan membentuk permukaan yang datarEx. Leptastrea purpurea

Plocoid tiap koralit memiliki Plocoid tiap koralit memiliki dindingnya masing-masing yang terhubung oleh coenosteumEx.

The arrangement of corallite (4)

Dendroid koloni hampir menyerupai pohon yang dijumpai cabang-cabang dan di ujung cabang biasanya dijumpai calix utamaEx. Tubastrea micrantha

Meandroid koloni mempunyai koralitMeandroid koloni mempunyai koralityang membentuk lembah dan koralit disatukan oleh dinding-dinding yang saling menyatu dan membentuk alur-alur seperti sungaiEx. Pavona varians

The arrangement of corallite (5)

Hydnophorid koralit terbentuk seperti bukit tersebar pada seluruh permukaan sehingga sangat mudah untuk dikenalEx. Hydnophora rigiday p g

Flabello Meandroid seperti Flabello-Meandroid seperti meandroid, membentuk lembah-lembah memanjang, namun koralit tidak memiliki dinding bersamaEx. Symphillia

Coral lifeform (1)

Branching / ramoseBranching / ramoseEncrusting Massive / lobateMassive / lobateColumnar L i / l likLaminar / plate likeFoliaceus Free living / solitary

Coral lifeform (2) Branching

Seriatopora hystrix

Acropora grandis

Coral lifeform (3) Encrusting

Porites lutea

Coral lifeform (4) Massive

Platygyra ryukyuensis

Platygyra sinensis

Coral lifeform (5) Columnar

Porites compressa

Coral lifeform (6) Laminar

Coral lifeform (7) Foliaceus

Pachyseris foliosa

Montipora foliosa

Coral lifeform (8) Free living

Herpolitha limax

Fungia horrida

T i K ihTerima Kasih