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Corporation and SocietyCorporation and Society
Restoring Confidence Restoring Confidence in the Corporationin the Corporation
Costas Kataras
Athens University of Economics and Athens University of Economics and Business AUEB, MBA International Business AUEB, MBA International
ProgramProgram14 December, 200914 December, 2009
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Restoring Confidence Restoring Confidence in the Corporation- Why?in the Corporation- Why?
Two Valuable Corporate Pillars are Collapsing..Two Valuable Corporate Pillars are Collapsing..
Corporate TrustCorporate Trust(Corporate Confidence Erosion is Growing)(Corporate Confidence Erosion is Growing)
Brand Importance is Going DownBrand Importance is Going Down(The Death of the Brand is Near?)(The Death of the Brand is Near?)
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Lecture TopicLecture Topic
Understanding the Root Causes Understanding the Root Causes of Confidence Erosion..of Confidence Erosion..
..with a little help from ..with a little help from Mathematics Mathematics
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What Happened to our Dream of What Happened to our Dream of Freedom? Freedom?
The Fall of the Berlin War..The Fall of the Berlin War..
..but the Legacy Remains
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From Cold War to…Cold Hearts!! From Cold War to…Cold Hearts!! Creating aCreating a Mathematically Modeled Society
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Characteristics of a Mathematically Modeled Society The Rise of the “So Long Sucker” The Rise of the “So Long Sucker”
AttitudeAttitude
Mathematically Modeled Society (ie data, Mathematically Modeled Society (ie data, statistics, targets) statistics, targets)
Friderich von Hayek (No room for altruism )Friderich von Hayek (No room for altruism ) James Bucanan (No Public Interest, only James Bucanan (No Public Interest, only
Governing Bureaucrats Governing Bureaucrats / / only money matters)only money matters) Richard Dawkins (Selfish GenesRichard Dawkins (Selfish Genes / / no room for no room for
altruism but human selfishnessaltruism but human selfishness / / Nice Guys Finish Nice Guys Finish Last ?)Last ?)
John Nash John Nash
FILM: The Trap: What Happened to Our Dream of Freedom ,BBC documentary ( By Adam Curtis) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T_zk2X92kxY
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John Nash, Nobel Winner/ “So Long Sucker” John Nash, Nobel Winner/ “So Long Sucker” and ”Fuck the Buddy ”and ”Fuck the Buddy ” Theories
Cold Hearts: “Hard” Implications- War Games and Games Theory
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Dark and Cynical..Dark and Cynical..
Cold Hearts: “Soft” Implications- A TV Series
..dark and cynical…an example of the effects of corporate culture, marketing and the more individualistic strands of feminism in presenting women's empowerment as mainly tied to achieving coupledom, beauty, and personal upward mobility, rather than collective organization for progressive change
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Using Mathematics to Understand Using Mathematics to Understand Business, Marketing and Societal Business, Marketing and Societal
Phenomena Phenomena The Battle between the Good The Battle between the Good and the Evil.. Graphand the Evil.. Graph
“Normal”/ Random Distribution “Power” / Extreme/ Abnormal Distribution
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From Mental Disorders to IQ: a “Normal” From Mental Disorders to IQ: a “Normal” Nature Nature Depression By Age / IQ Scores in PopulationDepression By Age / IQ Scores in Population
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Businesses after Globalization Have an Businesses after Globalization Have an “Abnormal” , “Power”, Nature “Abnormal” , “Power”, Nature
Greece, ICAP (2008 :33.717 companies= 237 bil. Sales)•Top 20 companies (or 0,06 %) = 49 bil (20 %)•Top 500 companies (or 1,5 %) = 134 bil (57%)
•Top 200 corporations’ combined sales are bigger than the combined economies of all countries in the world, minus the biggest ten•While sales of Top 200 are equivalent of 27,5% of world economic activity, they employ only 0,78 % of the world’s workforce
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We are living in a New World, Governed We are living in a New World, Governed by the “Power Law”, Producing by the “Power Law”, Producing Extreme & Abnormal Corporate Extreme & Abnormal Corporate
Behavior and ResultsBehavior and Results
Introduction Key-Message 1:
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““Food” for ThoughtFood” for Thought
Source: McKinsey,2006 Global Survey
Consumers are Threaten by the Growing Food Industry Power..
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..and they are Right ! Example ?..and they are Right ! Example ?Coca Cola and its Dasani Bottled (Tap !!) Water are Deceiving Coca Cola and its Dasani Bottled (Tap !!) Water are Deceiving
ConsumersConsumers
It comes from the same source as local tap waterIt comes from the same source as local tap water Result :Coca Cola withdraws bottled water from UK (2004) Result :Coca Cola withdraws bottled water from UK (2004)
and admits that Dasani is nothing but tap waterand admits that Dasani is nothing but tap water
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Welcome to the Corporate Antisocial Welcome to the Corporate Antisocial Era Era
Secrets of “Value Creation” by the Most Secrets of “Value Creation” by the Most Admired & Valuable Brands / Corporations in Admired & Valuable Brands / Corporations in
the Worldthe World
Deceiving, cheating, controlling, killing, dehumanizing, suppressing,
imprisoning our mind, claiming ownership of natural resources,
owning our genes, etc
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“ “Value Creation” Strategy(?) : Value Creation” Strategy(?) : The “Power Way” The “Power Way”
Media and other “Gate Keepers” Manufacturing Media and other “Gate Keepers” Manufacturing Consent in a “Business Sponsored” WorldConsent in a “Business Sponsored” World
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Introduction Key-Message 2 :
The situation is hopeless… but not serious !!The situation is hopeless… but not serious !!
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Understanding the LandscapeUnderstanding the Landscape
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Understanding the Landscape Understanding the Landscape (1/2) (1/2)
Understanding the Landscape of Business Ethics can be Understanding the Landscape of Business Ethics can be ProblematicProblematic
Business Ethics / Integrity /PracticesBusiness Ethics / Integrity /Practices (ie how to conduct business responsibly )(ie how to conduct business responsibly )
Corporate ComplianceCorporate Compliance ( ie focused on complying with laws and regulations )( ie focused on complying with laws and regulations )
Corporate GovernanceCorporate Governance (ie policies and practices that stockholders, executive (ie policies and practices that stockholders, executive
managers and board directors use to manage themselves managers and board directors use to manage themselves and fulfill their responsibility to investors and other and fulfill their responsibility to investors and other stakeholders ) stakeholders )
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Understanding the Landscape Understanding the Landscape (2/2) (2/2)
Understanding the Landscape of Business Ethics can be Understanding the Landscape of Business Ethics can be ProblematicProblematic
Corporate ResponsibilityCorporate Responsibility ( ie fulfilling the responsibilities or obligations that a company ( ie fulfilling the responsibilities or obligations that a company
has towards its stakeholders. For example profit vs environment )has towards its stakeholders. For example profit vs environment )
Corporate Social ResponsibilityCorporate Social Responsibility ( ie as above, but with greater stress upon the obligations a ( ie as above, but with greater stress upon the obligations a
company has to the community. Sometimes encompasses all company has to the community. Sometimes encompasses all responsibilities to stakeholders-ethical, social and environmental )responsibilities to stakeholders-ethical, social and environmental )
Corporate SustainabilityCorporate Sustainability ( ie aligning an organization's products/services with ( ie aligning an organization's products/services with
stakeholder expectations, thereby adding economic, stakeholder expectations, thereby adding economic, environmental and social value)environmental and social value)
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Business Ethics: Business Ethics: The Definition ChallengeThe Definition Challenge
“ “ ..achieve commercial success in ..achieve commercial success in ways that honor ethical values and ways that honor ethical values and respect people, communities, and respect people, communities, and
the natural environment..”the natural environment..”
( ( Source: Business for Social Responsibility- nonprofit CSR Ass., US )Source: Business for Social Responsibility- nonprofit CSR Ass., US )
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Restoring Confidence in the Restoring Confidence in the CorporationCorporation
TopicsTopics
1.The Business of Business… 1.The Business of Business… 2. The Rise of Corporatocracy2. The Rise of Corporatocracy 3. Corporation and Society3. Corporation and Society 4. Restoring Confidence4. Restoring Confidence 5. Social Issues Become Strategic5. Social Issues Become Strategic 6. Government and Society: A Larger Role6. Government and Society: A Larger Role 7. “Nice” Capitalism ( Wanted !!)7. “Nice” Capitalism ( Wanted !!)
-What Happened to Our Dreams of Freedom?-Understanding the Landscape / Definitions
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1.The Business of 1.The Business of Business…Business…
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The Long-Running DebateThe Long-Running Debate Two Contrasting Ideological PositionsTwo Contrasting Ideological Positions
“ “ the business of business is… the business of business is… business”business”
vsvs“ “ corporate social responsibility “corporate social responsibility “
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And the Winner is .. And the Winner is .. …Prof. Milton Friedman & the School of …Prof. Milton Friedman & the School of
ChicagoChicago
“ “ ..the business of business is business..”..the business of business is business..”
“ “ ..social responsibility is a ..social responsibility is a fundamentally subversive fundamentally subversive doctrine..”doctrine..”
“ “ ..managers that will invest recourses to deal with ethical ..managers that will invest recourses to deal with ethical issues should be fired..”issues should be fired..”
Naomi Klein, in her book The Shock Doctrine, accuses Friedman of being complicit in Naomi Klein, in her book The Shock Doctrine, accuses Friedman of being complicit in military coups in countries such as Chile and Indonesia that were used as a way to military coups in countries such as Chile and Indonesia that were used as a way to shock the population into accepting unpopular neoliberal policies for the benefit of shock the population into accepting unpopular neoliberal policies for the benefit of foreign multinational companies.foreign multinational companies.
( Milton Friedman, 1912-2006 )( Milton Friedman, 1912-2006 )
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..Killing ..Killing Mrs Anderson vs General Motors (1980)Mrs Anderson vs General Motors (1980)
Chevrolet Malibu cars fuel tank, not sufficiently protected in collisionsChevrolet Malibu cars fuel tank, not sufficiently protected in collisions GM cost- benefit analysis shows :GM cost- benefit analysis shows : Repair cost : 8,59$ / per carRepair cost : 8,59$ / per car Anticipated fatalities (Human Life): 500Anticipated fatalities (Human Life): 500 If pay the cost of each human life , ie 200.000$ /per life the average cost is: If pay the cost of each human life , ie 200.000$ /per life the average cost is:
2,40$ per car2,40$ per car Result : Decide not to repair the cars !!!Result : Decide not to repair the cars !!!
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..Cheating..Cheating Starbucks coffee 200% more expensive in Athens Starbucks coffee 200% more expensive in Athens
than NYthan NY
A cappuccino costs : 4,65 $ in Athens, 2,35$ in New York, A cappuccino costs : 4,65 $ in Athens, 2,35$ in New York, +100%+100%
Average PP of an American : + 100%Average PP of an American : + 100% Result : +200%Result : +200%
Plus : Cheating and stealing the tips of personnel .”California Plus : Cheating and stealing the tips of personnel .”California court orders Starbucks to return $100m in tips to baristas” court orders Starbucks to return $100m in tips to baristas”
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..Controlling ..Controlling Monsanto’s Terminator Technology Monsanto’s Terminator Technology
Controls genetically engineered seeds (ie rice, corn, etc) Controls genetically engineered seeds (ie rice, corn, etc) for which farmers pay high pricesfor which farmers pay high prices
Terminator technology is used to sterilize crops, ie the Terminator technology is used to sterilize crops, ie the seeds lose their ability to reproduceseeds lose their ability to reproduce
Result : 80% of farmers committing suicide in India, are Result : 80% of farmers committing suicide in India, are farmers not able to pay off their debts / loans used to buy farmers not able to pay off their debts / loans used to buy expensive GM seedsexpensive GM seeds
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..Staff Suicide Machines ..Staff Suicide Machines The ( Dead) Employee of the MonthThe ( Dead) Employee of the Month
a wave of staff suicides a wave of staff suicides 23 employees killed themselves since February 23 employees killed themselves since February
2008(Sep 2009) or 1,2 per month2008(Sep 2009) or 1,2 per month blaming job stress and misery at workblaming job stress and misery at work (Twenty-nine France Telecom staff took their own (Twenty-nine France Telecom staff took their own
lives in 2002 and another 22 in 2003 )lives in 2002 and another 22 in 2003 )
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..Plus..Plus
Dehumanizing- Labor Camps (ie Nike, Gap)Dehumanizing- Labor Camps (ie Nike, Gap) Suppressing – Military Coups (ie United Fruits )Suppressing – Military Coups (ie United Fruits ) Imprisoning our Mind- PCs controlling Users (ie Imprisoning our Mind- PCs controlling Users (ie
Microsoft Defender /Kill SwitchMicrosoft Defender /Kill Switch Claiming Ownership of Natural Recourses-Privatizing Claiming Ownership of Natural Recourses-Privatizing
the Rain in Volivia (ie Bechtel and Mrs G.Shultz, the Rain in Volivia (ie Bechtel and Mrs G.Shultz, C.Weinberger )C.Weinberger )
Owning our Genes – A Nation’s Genetic Code for Sale Owning our Genes – A Nation’s Genetic Code for Sale (ie Iceland and deCODE/Hoffman La Roche) , plus(ie Iceland and deCODE/Hoffman La Roche) , plus
the case of Mr Moore vs University of Californiathe case of Mr Moore vs University of California
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Corporations Disregard all Human Corporations Disregard all Human Laws Laws
Carl Marx was RightCarl Marx was Right
“ “ ..companies with 10% profits feel secure ..companies with 10% profits feel secure enough.. with 50% became adventurous.. with enough.. with 50% became adventurous.. with
100% disregard all human laws and with 100% disregard all human laws and with 300% can even take the risk of committing 300% can even take the risk of committing
crimes ”crimes ”
( Carl Marx )( Carl Marx )
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2.The Rise of 2.The Rise of CorporatocracyCorporatocracy
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CorporatocracyCorporatocracy Towards a DefinitionTowards a Definition
““The accumulating corporate power and the evolution, The accumulating corporate power and the evolution, and finally transformation, of the corporation to a and finally transformation, of the corporation to a social institution ( pseudo- authority ) dominating social institution ( pseudo- authority ) dominating the civil society and nations, with the support of the civil society and nations, with the support of banks, the financial establishment, powerful elites banks, the financial establishment, powerful elites
and powerless governments”and powerless governments”
(Kataras)(Kataras)
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CorporatocracyCorporatocracy The Meteoric Rise..The Meteoric Rise..
1720 : The creation of a corporation, as a 1720 : The creation of a corporation, as a legal entity, constituted a serious crime in the legal entity, constituted a serious crime in the West (England) entailing serious punishment West (England) entailing serious punishment
2000 : Of the 100 largest economies in the 2000 : Of the 100 largest economies in the world,51 are corporations and 49 are world,51 are corporations and 49 are countries (in GDP and sales terms)countries (in GDP and sales terms)
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CorporatocracyCorporatocracy .. of.. of Corporate Global PowerCorporate Global Power
Of the 100 largest economies in the world, 51 are corporations Of the 100 largest economies in the world, 51 are corporations and only 49 are countriesand only 49 are countries
Top 200 corporations’ combined sales is equivalent to 27,5% of Top 200 corporations’ combined sales is equivalent to 27,5% of World GDP (from 25% 15 years ago )World GDP (from 25% 15 years ago )
Top 200 corporations’ combined sales are bigger than the Top 200 corporations’ combined sales are bigger than the combined economies of all countries in the world, minus the combined economies of all countries in the world, minus the biggest tenbiggest ten
While sales of Top 200 are equivalent of 27,5% of world economic While sales of Top 200 are equivalent of 27,5% of world economic activity, they employ only 0,78 % of the world’s workforceactivity, they employ only 0,78 % of the world’s workforce
U.S. corporations dominate the Top 200, with 82 slots (41%), U.S. corporations dominate the Top 200, with 82 slots (41%), followed by Japanese firms with 41 slotsfollowed by Japanese firms with 41 slots
Almost 50% of U.S. corporations in Top 200, did not pay the full Almost 50% of U.S. corporations in Top 200, did not pay the full standard 35% federal corporate tax during 1996-1998. Seven standard 35% federal corporate tax during 1996-1998. Seven actually paid less than zero ( ie Texaco, Chevron, PepsiCo, Enron, actually paid less than zero ( ie Texaco, Chevron, PepsiCo, Enron, Worldcom)Worldcom)
Source :Institute for Policy Studies, 2000
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CorporatocracyCorporatocracy .. in Numbers .. in Numbers (GDP/Sales, 1999)(GDP/Sales, 1999)
General Motors > DENMARKGeneral Motors > DENMARK Exxon Mobil > GREECE Exxon Mobil > GREECE General Electric > PORTUGALGeneral Electric > PORTUGAL Shell > IRANShell > IRAN IBM > IRELANDIBM > IRELAND Nestle > HUNGARYNestle > HUNGARY
Source :Institute for Policy Studies, 2000
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CorporatocracyCorporatocracy The Global Pyramid of PowerThe Global Pyramid of Power
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CorporatocracyCorporatocracyHow Corporations Became so How Corporations Became so
Powerful ?Powerful ?
Arrogant, Selfish, U.S. Capitalism and the School Arrogant, Selfish, U.S. Capitalism and the School of Chicago creating inequality in the society of Chicago creating inequality in the society (Disaster vs Nice (Disaster vs Nice Capitalism books, Naomi & Costas)Capitalism books, Naomi & Costas)
Gate Keepers (Media) manufacturing/ engineering Gate Keepers (Media) manufacturing/ engineering consent (The Century of the Self )consent (The Century of the Self )
Technology / Globalization/De localization/Export Technology / Globalization/De localization/Export of Jobs (Lou Dobbs, etc )of Jobs (Lou Dobbs, etc )
The “Other Hollywood Effect”-Weak Political The “Other Hollywood Effect”-Weak Political Leadership (Myth of the Powerless State / Nation)Leadership (Myth of the Powerless State / Nation)
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CorporatocracyCorporatocracy Two Prophetic Books..Two Prophetic Books..
June 24, 2008 July 22, 2008
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Topology of Factors Undermining the Future of the Corporation
SOCIETYINDIVIDUAL
ENVIRONM
ENT
TECHNOLOGY
ECONOMY
Extreme Market Polarization (8)
Loss of Entrepreneurial
Spirit (6)
Brands’ Overdose (5) Scarcity of
Human Attention (9) Rise of
Eclecticism (11)
Violent Emotional
Detachment from Brands (12)
Collapse of Information
Asymmetry (3)Explosion of Consumer – Generated
Personal Media (10)
Brands’ Insignificant
Impact on ROI & Parent Company
Stock Price (2)
Dramatic Erosion of
Middle Class (7)
Frenetic Time Acceleration
(4)
Increased Complexity &
Unpredictability (1)
Information Economy
Arrogant Corporation
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Mega – TrendsMega – Trends : : A SynopsisA SynopsisCorporations in a New, Hostile, TerrainCorporations in a New, Hostile, Terrain
ComplexityComplexity SocietySociety TechnologyTechnology
plusplus Corporate Confidence ErosionCorporate Confidence Erosion
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ComplexityComplexity The Butterfly EffectThe Butterfly Effect
Have you ever been wondering how the Have you ever been wondering how the current bank and financial crises started?current bank and financial crises started?
Have you been aware of a company Have you been aware of a company Fanny Mae or Freddie Mack ?Fanny Mae or Freddie Mack ?
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SocietySociety Society Dominates CorporationsSociety Dominates Corporations
The Coca Cola , Dasani caseThe Coca Cola , Dasani case
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Technology Technology The Trojan Horse ?The Trojan Horse ?
OPPORTUNITIES Productivity Globalization Delocalization Etc
THREATS Transparency Reduced Information Asymmetry Empowered , Educated, Never Satisfied, Distant,
Unreachable Consumers etc
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Corporate Confidence Erosion Corporate Confidence Erosion Route CausesRoute Causes
Increased Income Inequality / Power Increased Income Inequality / Power Distances in SocietyDistances in Society
U.S. Losing Favor in the West U.S. Losing Favor in the West A Growing Sentiment Against Globalization in A Growing Sentiment Against Globalization in
All Rich CountriesAll Rich Countries Corporations: Lack of Trust in Business is Corporations: Lack of Trust in Business is
Growing Growing Brands :Consumers are Falling out of Love Brands :Consumers are Falling out of Love
with Brands…a corporation’s most valuable with Brands…a corporation’s most valuable asset (30-80%)asset (30-80%)
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Inequality: A Roadmap to CrisisInequality: A Roadmap to Crisis
Source :PricewaterhouseCoopers, World Economic Forum, UNDP, World Bank (2007/8)
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InequalityInequality US Income Data (US Income Data (Kevin PhilipsKevin Philips: : Bad Money)Bad Money)
……το ετήσιο εισόδημα στις ΗΠΑ, μετά από φόρους, την περίοδο 1970 έως το ετήσιο εισόδημα στις ΗΠΑ, μετά από φόρους, την περίοδο 1970 έως 1990 του χαμηλότερου πέμπτου (20%) του πληθυσμού, μειώθηκε από 1990 του χαμηλότερου πέμπτου (20%) του πληθυσμού, μειώθηκε από 9.300 σε 8.700 δολ. 9.300 σε 8.700 δολ.
....Του μεσαίου πέμπτου (20%) , από 31.800 αυξήθηκε ελάχιστα σε 33.200 Του μεσαίου πέμπτου (20%) , από 31.800 αυξήθηκε ελάχιστα σε 33.200 δολ.δολ.
… … Και του υψηλότερου και πλουσιότερου 1% του πληθυσμού από Και του υψηλότερου και πλουσιότερου 1% του πληθυσμού από 2.560.000 δολ, έγινε 600.540.000 δολ. 2.560.000 δολ, έγινε 600.540.000 δολ.
Δηλαδή οι διάφοροι Μπιλ Γκέητς και άλλοι πλούσιοι που ζουν στο Δηλαδή οι διάφοροι Μπιλ Γκέητς και άλλοι πλούσιοι που ζουν στο ¨Πλουτιστάν¨, την ¨νέα χώρα¨ που δημιουργήθηκε μέσα στις ΗΠΑ (βλ. ¨Πλουτιστάν¨, την ¨νέα χώρα¨ που δημιουργήθηκε μέσα στις ΗΠΑ (βλ. Robert FrankRobert Frank: : Richistan Richistan ), έγιναν 300 φορές πιο πλούσιοι, ενώ από τους ), έγιναν 300 φορές πιο πλούσιοι, ενώ από τους φτωχούς έκοψαν και 600 δολ το χρόνο !!! φτωχούς έκοψαν και 600 δολ το χρόνο !!! (βλ. (βλ. Kevin PhilipsKevin Philips: : Bad MoneyBad Money))
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US Losing Favor Across Europe and the US Losing Favor Across Europe and the WestWest
Source :PricewaterhouseCoopers, World Economic Forum, Pew Global Attitudes Survey (2008)
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The Growing Sentiment Against Globalisation in All Rich Countries
Source: Financial Times , Harris Research , 2007
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Mistrust Mistrust The Lack of Trust in Business is GrowingThe Lack of Trust in Business is Growing
% of the public that agreed that you could trust business leaders:% of the public that agreed that you could trust business leaders:
2002: 36%2002: 36% 2004: 31% 2004: 31% 2006: 28% 2006: 28%
(Source :D.YANKELOVICH, 2007 ) (Source :D.YANKELOVICH, 2007 )
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Brand Erosion Brand Erosion Brand Importance Brand Importance Goes DownGoes Down in Recent in Recent
YearsYears
Brand Awareness : 20 % Brand Awareness : 20 % Brand Esteem : 12 %Brand Esteem : 12 % Brand Perception of Quality : 24 % Brand Perception of Quality : 24 % Trust in Brands : 50 %Trust in Brands : 50 % Brand Loyalty : 9 % ( from 40 % !!!)Brand Loyalty : 9 % ( from 40 % !!!)
(Source: WPP, The Brand Bubble by John Gerzema )(Source: WPP, The Brand Bubble by John Gerzema )
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3.Corporation and Society3.Corporation and Society
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Corporation and Society Corporation and Society New IssuesNew Issues
OLD ISSUES Growth Globalization Competitiveness Innovation etc
NEW ISSUES Regulation Environmental Sustainability Labor / Unions Civil Society Governments as Owners Consumer over stimulation and mental health Business Confidence Erosion etc
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Major Periods of Corporate Confidence Major Periods of Corporate Confidence ErosionErosion
1929: 1929: Great DepressionGreat Depression (Unemployment )(Unemployment )
1968-80: 1968-80: Banana RepublicBanana Republic ( Multinationals, Cynicism, UF syndrome , School of ( Multinationals, Cynicism, UF syndrome , School of
Chicago) Chicago)
2001- : 2001- : Antisocial Antisocial (From the Enron Scandals in 2001 to the Virtual (From the Enron Scandals in 2001 to the Virtual
Money Game of Lehman Brothers in 2008) Money Game of Lehman Brothers in 2008)
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The Antisocial Era of Corporations The Antisocial Era of Corporations Towards a DiagnosisTowards a Diagnosis
Failure to conform to social norms,( i.e. evidence by repeated unlawful behavior)
Deceitfulness, repeated lying, use of aliases or manipulating others for profit
Reckless disregard for safety of (self) or others
WHAT IS THIS ? According to the DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
for Mental Disorders) this is the definition of a …..
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The Corporation is a.. The Corporation is a.. Psychopath !!!Psychopath !!!
(Antisocial Personality Disorder -APD )(Antisocial Personality Disorder -APD )
A PSYCHOPATH ALSO CAN BE : Charming, manipulating, focusing solely on self-
gratification, deceiving and swindling the unsuspecting. (Hare 1999, Black 1999)
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Who ? In Managers /CEOs We Who ? In Managers /CEOs We Trust.. Trust..
Ordinary, Good People Become Monsters in an Evil Ordinary, Good People Become Monsters in an Evil Place?Place?
The Power of the The Power of the InstitutionInstitution (ie Corporations larger than many Nations, are becoming (ie Corporations larger than many Nations, are becoming
Social Institutions, Pseudo Authorities, etc )Social Institutions, Pseudo Authorities, etc )
The Power of the The Power of the SituationSituation ( ie Poverty, DFI, WTO, IMF, FED, Globalization, Labor ( ie Poverty, DFI, WTO, IMF, FED, Globalization, Labor
Camps )Camps )
The Power of the The Power of the Lucifer EffectLucifer Effect (ie How good people turn into evil / sadists ) (ie How good people turn into evil / sadists )
(Film - Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room)
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Chilling Findings about People and Chilling Findings about People and AuthorityAuthority
Stanford Prisoners Experiment /SPEStanford Prisoners Experiment /SPE (Prof. Philip Zimbardo, Stanford 1971)(Prof. Philip Zimbardo, Stanford 1971) The Milgram Obedience to Authority Experiment The Milgram Obedience to Authority Experiment (Prof. Stanley Milgram , Yale 1963)(Prof. Stanley Milgram , Yale 1963)
“ “ Ordinary People, Doing their JobsOrdinary People, Doing their Jobscan become Agents in a Terrible Destructive Process can become Agents in a Terrible Destructive Process
under the Umbrella of a Legitimizing Ideology and Social Institutional under the Umbrella of a Legitimizing Ideology and Social Institutional Support”Support”
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The Lucifer Effect (1)The Lucifer Effect (1) Demonstrates the impressionability (unaccountability) and obedience Demonstrates the impressionability (unaccountability) and obedience of people when provided with a legitimizing ideology and social and of people when provided with a legitimizing ideology and social and
institutional supportinstitutional support Stanford Prisoners Experiment /SPEStanford Prisoners Experiment /SPE (Prof. Philip Zimbardo, Stanford 1971)(Prof. Philip Zimbardo, Stanford 1971)
The Stanford experiment ended on August 20, 1971, only 6 days after it began The Stanford experiment ended on August 20, 1971, only 6 days after it began instead of the 14 it was supposed to have lasted. The experiment's result instead of the 14 it was supposed to have lasted. The experiment's result has been argued to demonstrate the impressionability and obedience of has been argued to demonstrate the impressionability and obedience of people when provided with a legitimizing ideology and social and people when provided with a legitimizing ideology and social and institutional supportinstitutional support
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The Lucifer Effect (2)The Lucifer Effect (2) Obedience to Authority :Chilling findings regarding Obedience to Authority :Chilling findings regarding
the weaknesses of human naturethe weaknesses of human nature
The Milgram Obedience to Authority Experiment The Milgram Obedience to Authority Experiment (Prof. Stanley Milgram , Yale 1963)(Prof. Stanley Milgram , Yale 1963)
Ordinary people, simply doing their jobs, and without any particular hostility on their Ordinary people, simply doing their jobs, and without any particular hostility on their part, can become agents in a terrible destructive process. Moreover, even when the part, can become agents in a terrible destructive process. Moreover, even when the destructive effects of their work become patently clear, and they are asked to carry out destructive effects of their work become patently clear, and they are asked to carry out actions incompatible with fundamental standards of morality, relatively few people have actions incompatible with fundamental standards of morality, relatively few people have the resources needed to resist authority. the resources needed to resist authority.
When Good People Do Evil:When Good People Do Evil: 45 years ago, Stanley Milgram's classic experiments showed that, under orders, decent 45 years ago, Stanley Milgram's classic experiments showed that, under orders, decent
human beings will do anything. ( at 90% level , while psychopaths are at 1%)human beings will do anything. ( at 90% level , while psychopaths are at 1%)
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4. Restoring Confidence4. Restoring Confidence
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Mission Impossible ?Mission Impossible ?
Business is a (necessary ? ) evil in society … Business is a (necessary ? ) evil in society … only the worst sort of people are involved..only the worst sort of people are involved..
Plato, c. 340 BCPlato, c. 340 BC
Slide Slide 6464
Towards a New Corporate Social Towards a New Corporate Social ContractContract
Corporation and Society : Evolution PhasesCorporation and Society : Evolution Phases
Corporate Social Responsibility / CSR: The “Green Wash” EraCorporate Social Responsibility / CSR: The “Green Wash” Era (ie Corporations react to pressures from NGOs, etc )(ie Corporations react to pressures from NGOs, etc )
Triple Bottom Line / TBL :The Unfulfilled EraTriple Bottom Line / TBL :The Unfulfilled Era ( ie Charmy annual reports regarding CFP,CSP,CEP and no binding ( ie Charmy annual reports regarding CFP,CSP,CEP and no binding
promises)promises)
Corporate Social Contract / CSC: The License to Operate EraCorporate Social Contract / CSC: The License to Operate Era (ie Civil society and government take control through the license (ie Civil society and government take control through the license
principle and ensure that big corporations comply regarding CFP,CSP,CEP principle and ensure that big corporations comply regarding CFP,CSP,CEP and CHP or the “Corporate Quartet Principle/CQP”)and CHP or the “Corporate Quartet Principle/CQP”)
Slide Slide 6565
Corporate Social Contract / CSCCorporate Social Contract / CSCThe License to Operate Era , The License to Operate Era ,
and the “Corporate Quartet Principle” and the “Corporate Quartet Principle” for a Multiple “Corporate Zero Footprint” for a Multiple “Corporate Zero Footprint”
Government and society could provide a license to corporations to Government and society could provide a license to corporations to operate , based on the approval of their annually submitted plans operate , based on the approval of their annually submitted plans and performance on the following :and performance on the following :
1. Corporate Financial Performance / CFP1. Corporate Financial Performance / CFP (ie Tax Equality- MS in Greece )(ie Tax Equality- MS in Greece ) 2. Corporate Social Performance / CSP2. Corporate Social Performance / CSP (ie Humanity- Feminization of Man in US cities )(ie Humanity- Feminization of Man in US cities ) 3. Corporate Environmental Performance / CEP3. Corporate Environmental Performance / CEP (ie Sustainability – The Big Five oil companies ) (ie Sustainability – The Big Five oil companies ) 4. Corporate Health Performance / CHP4. Corporate Health Performance / CHP (ie Engaging the Brain-From over stimulation(2500 ads/day) to (ie Engaging the Brain-From over stimulation(2500 ads/day) to
Neuromarketing and the “Buy Button” in our Brain /BrightHouse Neuromarketing and the “Buy Button” in our Brain /BrightHouse studies )studies )
Slide Slide 6666
CHP- A New Corporate Footprint ? CHP- A New Corporate Footprint ? Physical and Mental Health/ Happiness and Physical and Mental Health/ Happiness and
DepressionDepression
• Depression the second largest killer, after heart disease, by 2020• 15% of the population in developed world suffers severe depression• 15% of depressed people will commit suicide• “..studies document that strong materialistic values (imposed by persuasive advertising..) lead to low life satisfaction and happiness , to depression and anxiety and to personality disorders” ..(T.Kasser)
Slide Slide 6767
BRAND
Affluenza
Decision Paralysis
Adaptation(Hedonic
Treadmill)
Oniomania(ie Compulsive
Spending)
Atrophy of Individual Values (State
of Permissiveness)
Seek Higher Satisfaction
(Satisfaction Treadmill)
Isolation & Receptiveness
to Brand Stimuli (State of Apathy)
Feelings of Inadequacy (Low
Self- Esteem )
Low Satisfaction / Disappointment
Comparison Disappointment
(Comparison Treadmill)
DEPRESSION
The Secret Paths to Depression in a Materialistic Culture Cultivated by
Corporations Through Brands
High LevelExpectations
Imposed Values of Success (State of
Discrepancy)
Brand “Values”:
Brand Overstimulation:
Brand Overdose:
Brands’ HedonicTreadmill:
Slide Slide 6868
5. Social Issues Become 5. Social Issues Become StrategicStrategic
Slide Slide 6969
Issues Expected to Attract the PublicIssues Expected to Attract the Public AttentionAttention
Source: McKinsey,2009 Global Survey
Slide Slide 7070
Wanted: Transparency and Social Wanted: Transparency and Social ResponsibilityResponsibility
Source: McKinsey,2006 Global Survey
Slide Slide 7171
Stakeholder ImpactStakeholder Impact
Source: McKinsey,2007 CEO Survey
Slide Slide 7272
Performance GapPerformance Gap
Source: McKinsey,2007 CEOl Survey
Slide Slide 7373
A New CSR Model?A New CSR Model?
Source: EU CSR Alliance Lab, EABIS Project –Sustainable Value / Bocconi, Cranfield, Leveun-2009
Slide Slide 7474
When Social Issues Become When Social Issues Become Strategic Strategic New Organizational Challenges for New Organizational Challenges for
Corporate LeadersCorporate Leaders The case for incorporating an awareness of social and The case for incorporating an awareness of social and
political trends into corporate strategy has become political trends into corporate strategy has become overwhelmingoverwhelming
Issues: privacy, obesity, safety, health, offshoring, Issues: privacy, obesity, safety, health, offshoring, environment, etcenvironment, etc
Companies should look for signs of emerging hot topics and Companies should look for signs of emerging hot topics and be ready to respond to them earlybe ready to respond to them early
CEO’s must be willing to ensure a coherent approach, to CEO’s must be willing to ensure a coherent approach, to engage in external debate and to consider collaboration engage in external debate and to consider collaboration with otherswith others
( Source :McKinsey)( Source :McKinsey)
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Ensuring a Coherent Approach Ensuring a Coherent Approach Organizational Coordination- Reinventing Public Organizational Coordination- Reinventing Public
AffairsAffairs
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CR Delivers Improved Financial CR Delivers Improved Financial PerformancePerformance
CR Index Outperforms FTSE by 3,3% to 7,7% pa CR Index Outperforms FTSE by 3,3% to 7,7% pa
( Source : Ipsos /MORI , BITC , 2008 )
Slide Slide 7777
6. Government and Society: A Larger 6. Government and Society: A Larger RoleRole
Slide Slide 7878
Ensuring Corporate TreatabilityEnsuring Corporate Treatability Mission Impossible?Mission Impossible?
““Treatability” is questioned, according to Treatability” is questioned, according to top psychiatrists …top psychiatrists …
Slide Slide 7979
““Treatability” is QuestionedTreatability” is Questioned (2008) (2008) Three Beggars and Their Three Beggars and Their
Private JetsPrivate Jets
GM/Ford : Private Jets GM/Ford : Private Jets (The three Detroit auto maker CEOs made the 1 hour flight from (The three Detroit auto maker CEOs made the 1 hour flight from
Detroit to DC in three separate private jets to beg Congress for tax Detroit to DC in three separate private jets to beg Congress for tax payers money, to bail out their woefully mismanaged companies)payers money, to bail out their woefully mismanaged companies)
AIG : AIG : Spa Spa FORTIS : Monte Carlo FORTIS : Monte Carlo
Slide Slide 8080
““Treatability” is out of the Question Treatability” is out of the Question ((2009) 2009) Goldman Sachs: the same bonus culture Goldman Sachs: the same bonus culture
has returnedhas returned !! !!
A remuneration fund, much in bonuses, for employees has reached A remuneration fund, much in bonuses, for employees has reached $16.7bn$16.7bn for the year to date (Oct 2009) for the year to date (Oct 2009)
Employees can look forward to an average year-end payout of more Employees can look forward to an average year-end payout of more than $700,000 each, than $700,000 each, the highest figure in the firm's 140-year historythe highest figure in the firm's 140-year history
Together Wall Street banks are forecast to pay out a record Together Wall Street banks are forecast to pay out a record $140bn $140bn in bonuses in 2009in bonuses in 2009
Inconceivable for a firm owing the US government Inconceivable for a firm owing the US government $10bn$10bn !! !! …”…”the same bonus culture has returned. The result must be that the same bonus culture has returned. The result must be that we we
are being pushed to the edge of another crash." are being pushed to the edge of another crash."
Slide Slide 8181
Government and Society Take a Larger Government and Society Take a Larger Role in Shaping BusinessRole in Shaping Business
The Powerless State Notion is a MythThe Powerless State Notion is a Myth “ “ ..shareholder value is growing increasingly ..shareholder value is growing increasingly
irrelevant as government and society take irrelevant as government and society take a larger role in shaping business and a larger role in shaping business and
industry..”industry..”
( Ian Davis, MD , McKinsey )( Ian Davis, MD , McKinsey ) Weiss, Linda: Globalization and the Myth of the Powerless State
Slide Slide 8282
Enforcement Actions Needed Enforcement Actions Needed
Enforcement through the License to Operate Principle Enforcement through the License to Operate Principle ( ie Initiatives and self – regulating promises /tactics not ( ie Initiatives and self – regulating promises /tactics not acceptable)acceptable)
Taxes to counterbalance the “extreme” (abnormal) Taxes to counterbalance the “extreme” (abnormal) corporate behavior and damages to societycorporate behavior and damages to society
(ie Tobin Tax , Power Tax, etc )(ie Tobin Tax , Power Tax, etc )
Strong Watch Mechanisms in PlaceStrong Watch Mechanisms in Place
Slide Slide 8383
Enforcement Action 1:Enforcement Action 1: License to Operate and the “Corporate License to Operate and the “Corporate
Quartet Principle”Quartet Principle”
CFP + CSP + CEP + CHP = 0 (Corporate Zero CFP + CSP + CEP + CHP = 0 (Corporate Zero Footprint) Footprint)
(Apply, as necessary, appropriate damage tax and (Apply, as necessary, appropriate damage tax and even withdraw license , in cases of no “Corporate even withdraw license , in cases of no “Corporate
Zero Footprint” Balance sheets )Zero Footprint” Balance sheets )
Slide Slide 8484
Enforcement Action 2:Enforcement Action 2: Taxes toTaxes to Counterbalance the “extreme” , Counterbalance the “extreme” , abnormal and greedy corporate behavior abnormal and greedy corporate behavior
The “Tobin” TaxThe “Tobin” Tax – Barriers to the Casino Economy – Barriers to the Casino Economy ( ie tax on all trade of currency across borders. Named after the ( ie tax on all trade of currency across borders. Named after the
economist James Tobin, the tax is intended to put a penalty on short-economist James Tobin, the tax is intended to put a penalty on short-term speculation in currencies. The original tax rate he proposed was term speculation in currencies. The original tax rate he proposed was 1%, which was subsequently lowered)1%, which was subsequently lowered)
The “Power” TaxThe “Power” Tax – For damages to Society from the extreme power – For damages to Society from the extreme power of corporationsof corporations
(ie tax 1% to the 1%-2% Top companies in each country, to balance (ie tax 1% to the 1%-2% Top companies in each country, to balance their extreme power. Tax suggested by Costas Kataras, author of their extreme power. Tax suggested by Costas Kataras, author of Nice Capitalism)Nice Capitalism)
NOTE: But first put in place the prerequisites: Almost 50% of U.S. corporations in Top 200, NOTE: But first put in place the prerequisites: Almost 50% of U.S. corporations in Top 200, did not pay the full standard 35% federal corporate tax during 1996-1998. Seven did not pay the full standard 35% federal corporate tax during 1996-1998. Seven actually paid less than zero ( ie Texaco, Chevron, PepsiCo, Enron, Worldcom)actually paid less than zero ( ie Texaco, Chevron, PepsiCo, Enron, Worldcom)
Slide Slide 8585
““All Power May Corrupt,All Power May Corrupt, but Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely” but Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely”
((Lord Acton)Lord Acton)
Reduce inequality / power distances in the society Reduce inequality / power distances in the society Improve transparency , fight corruption, address Improve transparency , fight corruption, address
demographic challenges, etcdemographic challenges, etc Foster entrepreneurship Foster entrepreneurship Fight monopolies Fight monopolies Support “watch mechanisms” established by societySupport “watch mechanisms” established by society Contribute to Well Being and Human HappinessContribute to Well Being and Human Happiness
“Power” Tax revenues could be allocated to actions that could have also a beneficial impact on businesses, such as:
Slide Slide 8686
The “Power” Tax in PracticeThe “Power” Tax in Practice (Example: Greece)(Example: Greece)
Applied to Applied to Top 500 companiesTop 500 companies (with total sales of 134 (with total sales of 134 bil or 57% of total sales for 2008)bil or 57% of total sales for 2008)
Top 500 are representing Top 500 are representing 1,5% of total companies1,5% of total companies (33.717), not including hundreds of thousands of (33.717), not including hundreds of thousands of family businessesfamily businesses
““Power” Tax revenuePower” Tax revenue: 134 bil x 1% =1,3 bil euro: 134 bil x 1% =1,3 bil euro Almost Almost equals all indirect taxationequals all indirect taxation (1,6 bil) in the 2010 (1,6 bil) in the 2010
national budget for Greece, taxation that mainly national budget for Greece, taxation that mainly affects low income families and contracts demandaffects low income families and contracts demand
Slide Slide 8787
“ “ ..people are basically honest. And ..people are basically honest. And they are even more honest when you they are even more honest when you
are watch them..”are watch them..”
( Alan Greenberg, ex Chairman Bear Sterns )( Alan Greenberg, ex Chairman Bear Sterns )
Enforcement Action 3:Enforcement Action 3: Strong Watch Mechanisms in PlaceStrong Watch Mechanisms in Place
Slide Slide 8888
7. Nice Capitalism 7. Nice Capitalism (Wanted !!)(Wanted !!)
Slide Slide 8989
““Nice” Capitalism and “The Nice Way” Nice” Capitalism and “The Nice Way” StrategyStrategy
Nice Capitalism/Corporations/ Nations are InterrelatedNice Capitalism/Corporations/ Nations are Interrelated
Democracy , Justice , Transparency ( no Corruption )Democracy , Justice , Transparency ( no Corruption ) Equality ( narrow income gap, Scandinavian Model )Equality ( narrow income gap, Scandinavian Model ) Responsibility , Honesty,Responsibility , Honesty, Human Centric Attitude , Human Improvement Human Centric Attitude , Human Improvement Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable Development High Standards of Governance High Standards of Governance Human “Ethos”Human “Ethos” Focus on Well – Being , Happiness , “Eudemonia”Focus on Well – Being , Happiness , “Eudemonia” ““Metron” (Human Measure )Metron” (Human Measure )
Slide Slide 9090
““TheThe Nice Way” Pyramid Nice Way” Pyramid Corporations will Embrace the “Nice Way Corporations will Embrace the “Nice Way Strategy”, realizing the interrelatedness of Strategy”, realizing the interrelatedness of
“organisms” in ecosystem (Biology, von “organisms” in ecosystem (Biology, von Bertalanffy, GST)Bertalanffy, GST)
Level 3: Inequality Enforcement:” Extreme Power” Taxes Principle, to Reduce Power Distances
Level 2: A New Social ContractEnforcement: The “Quartet” Principle Contract between Business & Society
Level 1: Human HappinessEnforcement: The “GNH” Principle for the Benchmarking of
Governments
Slide Slide 9191
Corporate Adaptation “Ante Corporate Adaptation “Ante Portas” ? Portas” ? Not for Altruistic, but for Not for Altruistic, but for
SurvivalSurvival ReasonsReasons
In an unequal system (ie society), are loosing not only the weakest, but also the strongest
(The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better, by Richard Wilkinson & Kate Pickett)
Slide Slide 9292
A Corporate / Brand Retrospective Pattern of Migration in
the Business Ecosystem
Low
Low
PRICE High
High ENTERPRENERIAL ECOSYSTEM
GREED ECOSYSTEM TURBULENT ECOSYSTEM
CREATIVE ECOSYSTEM
Trademark Era
Arrogant Era
Reactive Era
Craftsman's Era
Brand in Fragments Dead BrandsQUALITY
AND/ OR DE-MASSIFICATI
ON
…AND / OR ENDS HERE !
BifurcationPoint
BRAND’S LIFE BEGINS HERE..
…AND CONTINUES HERE !
•Deawars •Michelin•Levis
•Microsoft•Coca Cola•Wal Mart•McDonalds•Nike•GAP•J.P.Morgan •Exxon Mobil•Fidelity
•P & G•Golgate Palmolive•Unilever
•Fidias•Alexander the Great•Augustus /Octavius
Slide Slide 9393
Evolution and Corporate Darwinism The Emerging Corporate Ecosystem
“Nice” • Ikea (EU)• Lego (EU)• Zara (EU)
“ Narcissism “ • Leiber (Bags,US,$5,595)
• Daslu (Exclusive Stores ,BR)• Hammer (Automotive,US)
•Tiffany’s (US)
“Monopolistic”•Microsoft (US)
•Intel (US)•Google (US)
“Cultivated”•Bottega Veneta (EU)
•Paul Smith (EU)•Jo Malone (EU)
“Patent”•Monsanto (US)
•Geron (US)•DuPont (US)
“Political” • Halliburton
• Bechtel• Enron
“Fair Trade” • Body Shop (EU)• Ben & Jerry (EU)
• Black & Green (EU)
“You”/”Me” • YouTube (US)• Facebook (US)• Current TV (US) “No-Label”
“Arrogant”• Wal-Mart• Coca Cola
• Exxon Mobil
“Gatekeepers”•CNN (US)
•Disney (US)•Time Warner (US)
•News Corporation (US)
“Stars” • B.Clinton• J.Lopez
• M.Jordan
“e-Graftmans”
Slide Slide 9494
The “Nice Way” Strategy in Practice New Corporate Species are Already
Here !
•All are the same : Aigle, Millet, North Face and Patagonia. The only difference is in Values…
•Will repair your jacket.. help you trade-in or give it away.. recycle it.. •Allocate 1% of turnover to environmental initiatives/groups/activism
Slide Slide 9595
TheThe PPendulum endulum SSwingswings The Meaning of … no MeaningThe Meaning of … no Meaning
¨Η κορυφαία Αρχαία Ελληνική ιδιαιτερότητα δεν είναι η Αρμονία, το Μέτρο, η Αλήθεια… είναι το ζήτημα του μη - νοήματος, του μη όντος.. Η συνείδηση πως τίποτε δεν αξίζει όσο η Ζωή..¨(Κορνήλιος Καστοριάδης, Η Ελληνική Ιδιαιτερότητα- Από τον Όμηρο στον Ηράκλειτο)
Slide Slide 9696
““Man the measure (of all things)”Man the measure (of all things)”
Πάντων χρημάτων (πραγμάτων) μέτρον εστίν άνθρωποςΠάντων χρημάτων (πραγμάτων) μέτρον εστίν άνθρωπος
( Protagoras )( Protagoras )
Slide Slide 9797
““Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and the end of human life, the whole aim and the end of human
existence” existence”
( Aristotle )( Aristotle )
Slide Slide 9898
Welcome Mr Gauss.. Goodbuy Mr Welcome Mr Gauss.. Goodbuy Mr ParetoPareto
Welcome Mr “Normal Distribution” (Gauss)Welcome Mr “Normal Distribution” (Gauss) Goodbye Mr “Abnormal / Power Distribution” (Pareto) Goodbye Mr “Abnormal / Power Distribution” (Pareto)
Slide Slide 9999
The End of Business as we Knew it?The End of Business as we Knew it?
““…… this is not the end.this is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end.It is not even the beginning of the end.
But it is, perhaps, the end of the But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning."beginning."
((Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill))
Slide Slide 100100
Thank YouThank You
Slide Slide 101101
More InfoMore Info
www.costaskataras.orgwww.costaskataras.org
(Available in Amazon.com)
http://kleisofthought.blogspot.com/http://thehappinesslab.blogspot.com/
Slide Slide 102102
The Nice Way StrategyThe Nice Way StrategyKataras Related LecturesKataras Related Lectures
A New Paradigm: The Application of “Chaos Thinking” to A New Paradigm: The Application of “Chaos Thinking” to StrategyStrategy
The European Effect: Is Corporate Europe Beginning to The European Effect: Is Corporate Europe Beginning to Surpass America?Surpass America?
Restoring Confidence in the Corporation: Rethinking the Restoring Confidence in the Corporation: Rethinking the Business of...BusinessBusiness of...Business
The Uncertain Future of Brands: The Next Colossal Corporate The Uncertain Future of Brands: The Next Colossal Corporate Challenge?Challenge?
The Economics of Happiness: Mastering the New Competitive The Economics of Happiness: Mastering the New Competitive Advantage Advantage
The Revenge of the Psych: Is Consumers’ Dominance Over The Revenge of the Psych: Is Consumers’ Dominance Over Corporations Near?Corporations Near?
Rethinking Marketing: Surviving in a New, Polarized, WorldRethinking Marketing: Surviving in a New, Polarized, World
