Correlational Research

Stella, Andrew, Vickie & CissyGroup 2 (Infocycle)

Research titleResearch titleTopic:-

Reading story books could improve the scores / grade of English in primary school

Research questionsResearch questions

• Do primary students read story books have high scores of English than those who have not?

• Does longer hours spent on reading story book improve English level?

Correlational ResearchCorrelational Research• Helps us understand related events,

conditions and behaviors

• To make predictions of how one variable might predict another– Can high English level results be used to

predict the same results on Chinese subjects?

MeasurementMeasurement• Population

– Radom select (30 students randomly selected)

• Ordinal ScalesEnglish level Hours of Story books read (Dependent variable) (Independent varibale)

Correlational methodCorrelational method• Variable

– 4 classes of P1 students

• Constant– Three months were spent on the study

of this research

ProbabilityProbability

• Correlation coefficient is computed– If the probability level of 0.5 that means

the decision we made intends correct

Data CollectData Collect• After reading story books for about

three months, a test of English was given to students

• Collect the scores and evaluate the correlation of Independent variable and dependent variable

Ordinal ScalesOrdinal ScalesEnglish level Time spent on reading

story books (hours)

A+ 360A 300A- 200B+ 150B 120B- 100

Ordinal ScalesOrdinal ScalesEnglish level Time spent on reading

story books (hours)

C+ 80C 70C- 65D 60E 50F <50

Ordinal dataOrdinal data• A+ (95-100)• A (90-94)• A- (85-89)• B+ (80-84)• B (75-79)• B- (70-74)

• C+ (65-69)• C (60-64)• C- (55-59)• D (50-54)• E (45-49)• F ( 0-44)

Types of Measurement ScalesTypes of Measurement Scales

• Mode is appropriate for nominal data

• Median is for ordinal data

• Mean is for interval or ratio data

Data analysisData analysis

Median = 80 hrs

Measure of Central Measure of Central tendencytendency

• Average of hours spent on reading story books correlate to high marks of English subject

Median = 80 hours spent on reading story books

Scatter GraphScatter Graph

Scatter graphScatter graphr = 0.81843

Correlation coefficient Correlation coefficient calculatecalculate

Correlation coefficient Correlation coefficient calculatecalculate

r = 0.81843

Correlation Co-efficient Formula :Correlation Co-efficient Formula :

Raw score formula is used

Correlation(r) = NΣXY - (ΣX)(ΣY) / Sqrt([NΣX2 - (ΣX)2][NΣY2 - (ΣY)2])

In this experiment- Correlation(r) = 0.81843

Pearson Correlation Pearson Correlation coefficientcoefficient

– Correlation(r) = +0.81843

• It is very strong for individual predictions

• It is also adequate for group predictions

ConclusionsConclusionsSince the correlation coefficient is r = 0.81843 (nearer to +1), so strong relation (positive) is predicted

Students spent more hours on reading story books can have higher scores. It is predicted that it could implement on Chinese subjects

References:-References:-

• "Correlation Co-efficient Calculator ", from http://www.easycalculation.com/statistics/correlation.php.

•• Churchill, D. (2008). "Basic statistics and correlational research."

Seminar 4.•• Cohen, L. and L. Manion (1980). Research methods in education.

London, Croom Helm.•• Gay, L. R. (1981). Educational research : competencies for analysi

s & application. Columbus, Merrill.•• Vockell, E. L. and J. W. Asher (1995). Educational research. Engle

wood Cliffs, New Jersey, Merrill.•