Corrosion resistant alloys for oil and gas industry Inconel Ni-Cr-Fe Alloys Incoloy Fe-Ni-Cr Alloys Monel Ni-Cu alloys Heanjia Super-Metals Co., Ltd was established in 1984 in Beijing, China. With the background in metal manufacturing and development, we continue to deliver solutions to your stringent material problems by our international quality Inconel, Incoloy and Monel alloys. Presently, Heanjia Super-Metals is a global leader in the manufacture and supply of heavy nickel and high temperature performance alloys employed for the composite and sophisticated engineering operations. They are well engineered to provide great combination of heat resistance, elevated temperature corrosion resistance, hardness and strength and are employed in the high tech industries and applications across the globe. We offer the industrial level supply of nickel based alloys and product forms in the international markets. We manufacture nickel alloys in standard mill forms, plate, sheet, strip, pipe, bar, rod, wire and many others. We have manufacturing and testing units in China and sales office in Seattle, America. Reach us by dropping an email at [email protected]or call: 12068907337 or visit www.super-metals.com for any related information about our products.
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Corrosion resistant alloys for oil and gas industry
Heanjia Super-Metals Co., Ltd was established in 1984 in Beijing, China. With the background in metal manufacturing and development, we continue to deliver solutions to your stringent material problems by our international quality Inconel, Incoloy and Monel alloys.
Presently, Heanjia Super-Metals is a global leader in the manufacture and supply of heavy nickel and high temperature performance alloys employed for the composite and sophisticated engineering operations. They are well engineered to provide great combination of heat resistance, elevated temperature corrosion resistance, hardness and strength and are employed in the high tech industries and applications across the globe. We offer the industrial level supply of nickel based alloys and product forms in the international markets. We manufacture nickel alloys in standard mill forms, plate, sheet, strip, pipe, bar, rod, wire and many others. We have manufacturing and testing units in China and sales office in Seattle, America.
Reach us by dropping an email at [email protected] or call: 12068907337 or visit www.super-metals.com for any related information about our products.
Natural gas is one of the biggest energy sources in the world. Moreover, the new gas recovery is performed by intense formations that include aggressive conditions for downhole tubes and other well parts. Traditionally, the selection of metals for oil and gas industry was a relatively easy proposition. The standard grades of low alloy and carbon steels were stated for drilling and manufacturing tubes of stainless steels and nickel alloys for regular use in industrial applications.
In the modern time, the choice of materials for drilling and wells accomplishment can be a stringent task including the potential economy and protection risks. This has given rise to consider the various aspects:
1. Deeper wells including elevated temperatures and pressures 2. Improved recovery procedures like steam or carbon dioxide introduction 3. Higher weight considerations, particularly offshore 4. Requirement for higher corrosion resistance in wells where hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and chlorides are present
The selection of materials particularly for sour gas wells involving H2S gas is particularly vital. Conditions in sour wells are vigorously corrosive to metals and H2S is deadly. In few sour conditions, corrosion can be monitored by using inhibitors along with carbon steel tubes. Although inhibitors include large cost and may be inconsistent, particularly at the elevated high temperatures. The corrosion potential to the tubing wall increases string weight and decreases interior dimensions. The recommended alternative for life cycle economy and protection is the application of a corrosion resistant alloy for tubes and other well parts.
The resistant alloy prevents inhibitors, decreases weight, enhances protection, discards or reduces work overs and decreases downtime.
For several years, Heanjia Super-Metals has been the global leader in the development and usage of corrosion resistant alloys.
Monel, Inconel and Incoloy alloys are produced for use in the diverse applications such as drill collars, piping equipments and valves, heat exchangers, process vessels and pyrolysis furnaces. We have in house production and research labs in China and branch office in USA. The facilities are unsurpassed in manufacturing the high functional alloys. These are fully integrated for full line control and traceability from acquisition of raw materials by melting, hot processing, cold processing and delivery of end products. Tight quality controls are followed in all processes by our extensive experience in meeting the sophisticated material needs in aerospace and nuclear sectors. Flawless materials recognize and cautiously maintained computer records offer full production traceability.
Material Selection
Material selection for deep service in sour well is administrated by a bunch of complex factors. Service temperature may be high up to 800oC or 1470oF. The warm gas is of attacking nature and the marine conditions also cause aggressive issues. The high temperature strength, corrosion resistance, easy fabricability and readily available welding products equivalent the base materials are essential factors. Choosing material for any application, the objective is to employ a material that functions best while being cost effective. The material should offer the necessary physical and mechanical characteristics while resisting the specific conditions of oil wells. Feasible variations in the well conditions with the passage of time should be considered for example, chloride magnitude.
Other essential surrounding conditions are dissolved acid gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in the liquid phase, chloride ions from salt or brine, temperature and pressure. In some productions, the availability of elemental sulfur is an additional aspect. The magnitude of dissolved gases depends on partial pressure of gasses over the liquid phase and temperature. Bottom hole pressure usually increases with depth of well and temperature can be up to 500oF or above.
Downhole tubular materials and other components for oil and gas production are introduced in various grades and chemistries. With increase in corrosion resistance, complication of material also increases from carbon steel to martensitic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel, austenitic steels and nickel based alloys of different chemistries. The nickel alloys employed for oil country tubular materials, possess the magnitude of nickel, chromium and molybdenum as the basic factors of corrosion resistance.
Downhole tubular alloys
Heanjia SuperMetals produces oil country tubular materials that are significant for use in vigorous oil and gas industrial conditions. These high alloys offer protective and cost-effective production with extensive temperatures, pressures and magnitude of H2S.
Hastelloy C276, Incoloy 825 are commonly used for the suitable pair of corrosion resistance and affordability. These alloys are introduced in the extensive range of corrosion resistive forms for downhole accessories and surface devices.
Incoloy 825, is a nickel-chromium alloy with copper and molybdenum contents, offers resistance to oxidation and reduction media, chloride ion stress corrosion cracking, pitting and intergranular corrosion. An addition of molybdenum is particularly significant in improving resistance of alloy in sour well conditions. Incoloy 825 is a solid solution alloy that is reinforced by cold processing to the lowest yield strengths, it is suitable for applications in conditions where stainless steels are prone to chloride induced stress cracking, pitting or crevice attack. On the base of particular strength and temperature, it is extremely resistant to stress corrosion cracking at partial pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas up to 1000 psi. It is used up to 1750oC.
Hastelloy C276 or Inconel C276 is a nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy with inclusions of iron and tungsten. It is employed in highly vigorous sour well conditions containing free sulfur. It is commercially introduced in oil country tubular materials, providing highest resistance to
conditions including hydrogen sulfide. The solid solution alloy can be cold processed to high strength levels and is offered with smallest yield strength of 150,000 psi or 1034 Mpa. On the base of blend of specific yield strength, temperature and free sulfur presence, Hastelloy C276 is prevents cracking at H2S partial pressures up to 10,000 psi or 70 Mpa. It is resistant to sour conditions at temperatures about 500oF or 260oC.
High strength in tubes is received by cold processing, but components of heavy or non-uniform cross section cannot be reinforced by cold processing. The parts need to be constructed of an alloy that can be reinforced by precipitation hardening heat processing.
Heanjia Super-Metals (HSM) has the widest range of high performance and corrosion resistant alloys for the industrial operations. These are made to the high standards of quality and functionality applied to CRA tubing and casing and are made in a complete range of standard mills forms such as pipes, tubing, rounds, flats, hexagons, wire, plate, sheet, strip etc. From the wide product line the most suitable alloy can be chosen in the desired form for virtual downhole or well top part.
Nickel-Copper alloy Monel 400 has medium strength and excellent corrosion resistance and is particularly resistant to marine and brine water.
Monel K500 is a high strength, age hardenable form of Monel 400.
Inconel 600 is a solid solution Nickel-Chromium alloy having high strength and corrosion resistance in the different conditions.
Inconel 625, a solid solution NiCrMoNb alloy has good strength and excellent resistance to general corrosion, pitting and crevice attack and stress corrosion cracking.
Inconel 718 is an age hardenable nickel-chromium-iron alloy comprising of critical magnitudes of niobium, molybdenum, titanium and aluminum, with outstanding corrosion resistance and very high strength.
Inconel 725 is an age hardenable NiCrMoNb alloy with outstanding corrosion resistance of Inconel 625 such as resistance to H2S, with great strength received by heat processing instead cold processing.
Inconel X750 is a nickel-chromium alloy having properties identical to Inconel 600 however made age hardenable by inclusions of aluminum and titanium for larger strength as well as corrosion resistance.
Incoloy 800 is a solid solution Nickel-chrome alloy providing excellent strength and prevents general corrosion in various conditions. It is enhanced to Incoloy 800H and 800HT grades for providing higher strength at temperatures above 1100oF or 590oC.
Alloys for destructive corrosive conditions facing components
Stress corrosion cracking tests in elevated temperature sour conditions
Alloy Material condition Yield strength Hardness, RC Test condition Time, days
Stress corrosion cracking 1000 psi Mpa
Inconel 625 Cold processed 128 883 37 A 15 no Inconel 625 Cold processed 177.1 1221 41 A 15 no Inconel 625 Cold processed 128 883 37 B 15 no Inconel 625 Cold processed 177.1 1221 41 B 15 no Inconel 625 Cold processed 125 862 30.5 C 42 no Inconel 625 Cold processed 160 1103 37.5 C 42 No Inconel 625 Cold processed 176 1214 41 C 42 no Inconel 718 Age hardened 120 827 30 C 42 No Inconel 718 Age hardened 134 924 38.5 C 42 No Inconel 718 Cold processed 197 1358 37.5 C 20 Yes Inconel C276 Cold processed 194.7 1342 43.5 A 15 No Inconel C276 Cold processed 194.7 1342 43.5 B 5 No Incoloy 825 Cold processed 131 903 30 A 15 Yes Incoloy 825 Cold processed 138 952 30 C 42 No Incoloy 825 Cold processed 147 1014 33 C 42 No Incoloy 925 Cold processed and aged 166 1145 40.5 A 15 yes Incoloy 925 Age hardened 133.5 783 38 B 15 yes Incoloy 925 Cold processed and aged 185.5 1279 46 B 15 yes Incoloy 925 Age hardened 114 786 38 C 42 No Incoloy 925 Cold processed 139 958 35.5 C 42 No Incoloy 925 Cold processed and aged 176 1214 43.5 C 42 No Incoloy 925 Cold processed and aged 185.5 1279 46 C 42 No
Test A: 15% NaCl + 200 psi or 1380 kPa H2S + 100 psi or 690 kPa Co + 1 g/l sulfur at 450f or 232oC
Test B : 25% NaCl + 200 psi or 1380 kPa H2S + 100 psi or 690 kPa Co + 1 g/l sulfur at 400of or 204oC
Test C : 15% NaCl saturated with H2S + 1000 psi or 6.9 MPa gas phase of 1 % H2S, 50% carbon dioxide, 49 % N2 at 500of or 260oF
Test D : 25 % NaCl + 100 psi or 690 kPa H2S + 200 psi or 1380 kPa CO2 at 400oF or 204oC
Test E : similar to test D at 425oF or 218oC
Heanjia Super-Metals Co., Ltd
Headquarters
Yinling International, Wanjing West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.
