Corruption Perceptions Index 2010

IftekharuzzamanExecutive Director, TIB

Dhaka, 26 October, 2010

CPI 2010: Results• Released – October 26, 2010, by Berlin-based

Transparency International (TI) • Scale of 0-10 - international ranking in terms of

perceived degree of prevalence of political and administrative corruption.

• Bangladesh has scored 2.4 points – same as last year

• Ranked 12th from below, which is 134th among 178 countries included in the index

• Others in the same position as Bangladesh are: Azarbaijan, Honduras Nigeria, Philippines, Sierra Leone, Togo, Ukraine and Zimbabwe

CPI - Best Performers in 2010Corruption is perceived to be lowest in:

1. Denmark, New Zealand, Singapore (9.3)4. Finland and Sweden (9.2)6. Canada (8.9)7. Netherlands (8.8)8. Australia, Switzerland (8.7)10. Norway (8.6) …13. Hong Kong (8.4) …36 Bhutan (5.7) – better than Italy (3.9),

Thailand (3.5), China (3.5), Malaysia (4.4) and South Korea (5.4)

CPI 2010 – the bottom Corruption is perceived to be highest in:

• Somalia (1.1)

• Afghanistan and Myanmar (1.4)

• Iraq (1.5)

• Sudan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (1.6)

• Chad (1.7)

• Burundi (1.8)

• Equatorial Guinea, Angola (1.9)

Results - Bangladesh• Bangladesh was earlier placed at the bottom of

the list for the fifth successive year from 2001-2005.

• In 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009 Bangladesh was ranked in no 3, 7, 10 and 13 respectively

• Bangladesh this year is 134th among 178 countries (in 2009 139th)

• Bangladesh is one of the 41 countries who scored the same as in 2009

• In 2009, Bangladesh was one of the 9 countries that achieved “notable improvement” - from 2.1 in 2008 to 2.4 in 2009

• Bangladesh has failed to sustain the rising trend

Improvers & Decliners

Notable Decliners

The Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Madagascar, Niger, US

Notable Improvers

Bhutan, Chile, Ecuador, Macedonia, Gambia, Haiti, Jamaica, Kuwait, Qatar

Notable Static

Bangladesh, Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia, Turkey, Austria

CPI: Performance of South Asian Countries 2009-2010

SlCountry Score Rank (from below)

2009 2010 2009 2010

1 Bangladesh 2.4 2.4 ► 13 12 (134) ▼ 2 Afghanistan 1.3 1.4 ▲ 2 2 (176) ► 3 Pakistan 2.4 2.3 ▼ 13 11 (143) ▼ 4 Nepal 2.3 2.2 ▼ 12 10 (146) ▼ 5 Maldives 2.5 2.3 ▼ 14 11 (143) ▼ 6 India 3.4 3.3 ▼ 23 21 (87) ▼ 7 Sri Lanka 3.1 3.2 ▲ 20 20 (91) ►

8 Bhutan 5.0 5.7 ▲ 36 44 (36) ▲

Data Sources

Poll of Polls – 13 surveys, 10 institutions. 7 for Bangladesh - CPI 2010 data came from:

• Economist Intelligence Unit (2010) Data upto September 2010

• Global Insights (2009/10) - data upto first half of 2010• World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness

Report - March 2009• World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness

Report – March 2010• Bertelsmann Transformation Index (2009) by the

Bertelsmann Foundation, Germany • World Bank's Country Policy and Institutional

Assessment 2010 • Asian Development Bank - Country Performance

Assessment Ratings 2009

What type of data are used• Corruption and bribery in general• Conflict of interest and diversion of funds• Misuse of public office for private or political party

gain• Likelihood of countering corrupt officials ranging

from petty bureaucratic corruption to grand political corruption

• Undocumented extra payments collected in the discharge of government functions, judiciary, executive level, law enforcement and tax collection

• Government’s anti-corruption efforts and achievements

• Capacity to punish and contain corruption

Method

• Based on rolling data from two years January 2009 – September 2010

• Data on corruption in the public and political sectors

• Only sources that provide data allowing comparative picture are considered

• For sources that provide data for multiple years, data for the past two years is included

• Perception of country experts, both resident and non-resident, and business leaders & analysts, investors & analysts

• Minimum – 3 surveys; the more the number of surveys, the higher is level of confidence

Process

• Produced by TI's Research Department • Guided by Index Advisory Committee of TI• Additional group of experts advises to ensure

integrity & confidence level – Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement,

France, – Research Media, Marketing and Socio-Political

Analysis, South Africa, – University of   Aberdeen, UK, – Columbia University, Yale Law School and

Department of Political Science, Brookings Institution, USA,

– Regulatory Policy Division, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD

Key messages (global)

• 131 of the 178 countries scored below 5; 74 scored less than 3 - highlighting that corruption remains a serious global problem

• No country has scored 100 percent; many OECD countries like Germany, Japan, UK, USA, Italy have scored less than 8 indicating that it is a global malaise

• To address challenges of failing financial markets, climate change, and poverty governments need to integrate anti-corruption measures in all policy spheres.

• Good governance & zero tolerance to corruption are indispensable part of the solution to the global policy challenges governments face all over the world

Key Message (Bangladesh)Failed to maintain the positive trend

1.7

2.0 2.0 2.12.4 2.4

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Years

CPI

sco

re

We could have scored higher …

Key messages - Bangladesh Mixed signalsPositive• Strong electoral commitment• Good start of the Parliament, though

setbacks set in soon• Right to Information Act, Information

Commission• Human Rights Commission• Citizens Charter in Service Delivery

Institutions• Anti-Corruption training in Government-

funded institutions• Implementation strategy of the UNCAC• Whistleblower Protection Act

Key messages - Bangladesh Mixed signals

Negative – Why no progress• Amendments to the ACC Act, though stalled• Parliament – boycott, Conflict of Interest • No disclosure of asset of high & mighty• Whitening of black money in budget• Public Procurement amendments• Telecommunications Amendment Act• Influence-peddling by public reps in

procurement, land-grabbing, employment affecting rule of law

• Partisan political influence in administration and other public service

Key messages – BangladeshWhat next?

• Fulfill anti-corruption election pledges without fear or favour – challenge impunity

• Strengthen institutional and policy framework– Parliament, especially committees– Anti-corruption Commission– Enforce Right to Information & Culture of disclosure &

openness – Judicial integrity & Rule of Law– Public service integrity, impartiality free from partisan

political influence– Implement UNCAC Commitments– Transparency in procurement – Engage Stakeholders

www.transparency.org/cpi, www.ti-bangladesh.org

Corruption Perceptions Index 2010

Thank you