+ All Categories
Home > Education > Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Date post: 21-Jan-2018
Category:
Upload: chormvirak-moulsem
View: 309 times
Download: 1 times
Share this document with a friend
21
Group 4: Prof : Bunthoen THUN Pheng Dimang 59920 Chhi BunSam 48673 Chuop Sreynoch 51578 Kim BunchanChyvoan 76855 Chhorn Voleak 63473 Room: Prasat Preah Khan Term: April 07 2014 1 SUBJECT: POLITICAL SCIENCE Topic: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia
Transcript
Page 1: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Group 4: Prof: Bunthoen THUN

Pheng Dimang 59920

Chhi BunSam 48673 Chuop Sreynoch 51578

Kim BunchanChyvoan 76855 Chhorn Voleak 63473

Room: Prasat Preah Khan Term: April 07 2014

1

SUBJECT: POLITICAL SCIENCE

Topic: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce

corruptions in Cambodia

Page 2: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Contents

1 Introduction• What is corruption?

• Corruption in Cambodia

2 Corruption Issues • Anti-corruption law effects in Cambodia

• Corruption consequences

• Standards expected from public services

3 What should be done to fight corruption?

4 Conclusions and Recommendations

2

Page 3: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

1. Introduction

•What is corruption?

• Corruption is am illegal actions that every countries

in the world try to omit it. Here are the definitions ofcorruption:

Corruption is the misuse of public power (by

elected politician or appointed civil servant) for privategain.

3

Page 4: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

What is corruption?

Dr. Petrus van Duyne: Corruption is an improbity or

decay in the decision-making process in which a decision-

maker consents to deviate or demands deviation from the

criterion which should rule his or her decision-making, in

exchange for a reward or for the promise or expectation of a

reward, while these motives influencing his or her decision-

making cannot be part of the justification of the decision.

Major corruption comes close whenever major events

involving large sums of money, multiple ‘players’, or huge

quantities of products (think of food and pharmaceuticals)

often in disaster situations, are at stake.

4

Page 5: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Corruption in Cambodia

Corruption is perceived as abuse of power.

Its two main causes are thought to be officials’

low salaries and high officials’ greed for power and

wealth.

On the other hand, ordinary Cambodians lack

community solidarity, have little awareness of their

rights, and are afraid.

5

Page 6: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Corruption in Cambodia

• According to T.I.’s 2012 Corruption Perceptions

Index (CPI), Cambodia ranked 157th among 176

countries and territories listed, with a score of just 22

out of 100—a slight improvement on last year’s ranking

of 164.

6

Page 7: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

2. Corruption Issues

• Corruption the big problem of developing our

country, there are many issues that we have to know

more and understand about.

After decades of civil war and political violence,

corruption has pervaded almost every sectors of

Cambodian public life, with a system of patronage

well entrenched in society. Both petty and grand forms

of corruption are widespread.

7

Page 8: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

2. Corruption Issues

• Law enforcement agencies are perceived as the

most corrupt and inefficient sectors, lacking the

independence, resources and capacity to effectively

investigate and prosecute corruption cases.

8

Page 9: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Anti-corruption law effects in Cambodia

• As Cambodia has big corruption problem that must

be reduce, Cambodia government started to make The

Law to Anti-Corruption.

The Law on Anti-Corruption approved by the

National Assembly on March 11, 2010. The purpose is

to reduce the corruption in Cambodia, and is also help

Cambodia improve fast.

9

Page 10: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Anti-corruption law effects in Cambodia

But since the law was start till nowadays, Law just is

on the paper. Cambodia continues to rank among the most

corrupt countries in the world and much need to be done to

enforce the Anti-Corruption Law and investigate allegations

of corruption. As our daily activity every day, we always

meet people live with corruption.

(“Transparency International (T.I.) Cambodia”)

They always use their money or property to get the

power or do everything that they want to do.

10

Page 11: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Corruption consequences

When we say about the consequences, Corruption

has many problems that effect to all people in

Cambodia. Our country cannot be developed properlyby corruption also. According to the book “Saart SaOm”

wrote that; “Corruption invariably implies the notion of

taking advantage, prevaricating, exploiting others.

Teachers head the list of the corrupt which is

compounded by several examples of corruption based

on familism (Krousa Niyum) and partyism (Pak Puok

Niyum).

11

Page 12: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Corruption consequences• This general perception derives from day-to-day

routine. Most respondents report very similar

personal encounters with corruption, linked to their

daily living experience.

12

Teachers 44%

Commune/Sangkat officials 37%

Traffic police 33%

Nobody 25%

Local police 21%

Govt officials 8%

This is a consequences of corruption

Page 13: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Standards expected from public services

• In this table provides a fairly reliable impression

of how Cambodians consider public employment:

How much should one pay to obtain a simple

Government job (e.g. police)?

13

Nothing 7%

Up to 100 US$ 22%

Up to 500 US$ 27%

Up to 1,000 US$ 14%

More than 1,000 US$ 9%

Don’t know/ No answer 21%

Page 14: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Standards expected from public services

• As our daily life and activity. We are agree that the structure of

Government cannot control the bureaucracy everywhere, that’s the

cause of corruption: for instance having many different collectors of

tax payments - tax officers, local police, traffic police, firemen…

Here are the mains causes of corruption:

14

Officials have low salaries 49%

Officials want money to become more powerful 27%

Cambodia is getting richer and so officials are greedier 25%

People don't understand well how damaging corruption is 23%

Officials threaten people if people don't pay 20%

Denouncing corruption can be dangerous 18%

People are always ready to give a little gift to an official 15%

Page 15: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

What should be done to fight corruption

in Cambodia? Corruption is observed as impossible to eliminate

completely, but respondents without dissent thought it

could be reduced if the salaries of officials were

substantially raised.

Most officials would be then ashamed to keep

asking for money. This action should be combined with

a strong anti-corruption law, to be actively enforced,

and with more pressure on the part of donor countries,

IOs and NGOs.

15

Page 16: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

What should be done to fight corruption

in Cambodia?

Fighting corruption is the responsibility of every Cambodian.

Corruption can be reduced if we all work together. You can help to

reduce corruption in a number of ways:

Refuse to accept bribes or pay bribes

Always ask for a receipt when paying a government fee or

other fees

Ask officials what they use unofficial payments for when you

are asked to pay them

Allow time for official procedures to be followed and refuse

to pay the speed fee

16

Page 17: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

What should be done to fight corruption

in Cambodia?

Encourage local government offices to publicize official fees

Let your commune council members know that you are

concerned about corruption

Take an active interest in the development of projects in your

commune

Ask your commune council for copies of official project budgets

and documents

Advocate for the passing of an Freedom of Information Law

Let your member of parliament know that you are concerned

about the government passing an international standard anti-

corruption law

17

Page 18: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

What should be done to fight corruption

in Cambodia? As a result, the most important part of the Anti-

corruption law will be the establishment of an independent

anti-corruption body that will investigate and prosecute

cases of corruption.

The best choices to combat corruption, we should take

proper measures such as streaming administrative

procedures, simplifying and modernizing the tax system,

eliminating excessive regulation, and motivating public

servants in order to reduce the opportunities for corruption.

18

Page 19: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Conclusions and Recommendations

Corruption is perceived, above all, as abuse of

power. Respondents saw it as pervasive, a permanent

part of Cambodian life; it implies giver/taker co-

operation; it has some social utility.

The main two perceived causes are officials’ low

salaries and high officials’ greed for power and its

trappings: they work as a dual mechanism, top-to-

bottom and back. But people’s ignorance of corruption’s

damages and their readiness to give officials “a little

gift” are important too.

19

Page 20: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Conclusions and Recommendations

A positive note is that awareness of

corruption-related matters is growing. It could be

developed – through appropriate campaigns -

into an awareness of what are the right costs of

the most common Govenment services, and into

a more widespread habit of asking for receipt

when asked for money.

20

Page 21: Corruptions and Strategies to reduce corruptions in Cambodia

Thank You For your attention

21


Recommended