34
E39 Kristiansand -Trondheim ca 1100 km
Project E39 includes 8 bridges/tunnels
Beautiful but demanding
1.079.051
1.388.898 1.677.329
591.893
”Gold coast”
Folketall 1.Jan 2008
• Today 20 – 21
• New connections 12 – 13
• Shortening 7 - 9
Travel time in hour
The Norwegian Public Roads Administration (NPRA) has been
commissioned to investigate the potential for trade and industry,
regional employment and settlement patterns of eliminating all
ferries along the western corridor (E39) between Kristiansand and
Trondheim.
The feasibility study contains four components:
1. Society: likely impacts on national and regional economies, trade and industry, and
employment and settlement patterns.
2. Fjord crossings: technological challenges and alternative concepts for crossing
the fjords.
3. Energy: how bridge structures can be utilized for power generation from renewable
sources such as solar energy, winds, waves and tidal currents.
4. Implementation strategies and types of contracts: the most appropriate
and best approaches for implementing and financing a project of this magnitude and
complexity.
Fjord crossings
Sognefjord
Boknafjorden: decided to be a 27 km subsea tunnel
Boknafjorden:
Maximum depth 392 m.
Possible designs - small wind turbines
• Low height gives low bending moments
• Possible both on floating - and suspension bridges
• Ducted turbines possible to mitigate risk from icing
Example with small vertical axis wind turbines on floating bridge
Energy production
DAWT-turbines can easily be integrated with suspension bridges in
a modular, flexible and industrialised high volume scale = low cost
Possible designs - Side mounted solar panels
• Suitable as shown for bridges with an east/west orientation
• Panels mounted along entire south side of bridge
• Typical cross chapters of suspension bridges (above right) give close to optimal tilt angle without major modifications to bridge
• Other orientations require wings or more elaborated mounting systems to obtain optimal tilt and to avoid shadowing
Or a combination of solar and wind power
Chalmers helps Norway bridge the fjords
This is the first time the Norwegian Public Roads
Administration has signed this type of long-term
agreement with a foreign university.
From December 2011 to June 2013
June 2013
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 5 Infrastructure performance viewer
Eco-design support in early design stages and for existing structures
Environmental Performance visibility
Decision support tool
State of the art environmental life cycle inventory for infrastructure materials
Basis for an economic life cycle cost assessment (LCCA)
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 8 Safe and ice-free bridges using renewable thermal energy sources
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 11 The E39 as a renewable European electricity hub
ELIN – long-term investments
EPOD – hourly dispatch
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Roadmap for how graphene can be utilized for Statens Vegvesen and the E39 Coastal Highway Route initiative
Project 13 Graphene feasibility and foresight study for road infrastructure
Graphene-based composites
Reinforcement of concrete to increase tensile strength and ductility
New and revolutionary structural engineering paradigms
Super capacitor based systems for inductive charging of electric vehicles
Graphene-based solar panels for production of electricity
New sensor systems and new electronics concepts
20
20
Composites available for R&D needs
Proof of concept of sensor platform 20
30
Composites in XXX road application
Sensor in XXX road application
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 6 Assessing the sustainability around the E39 infrastructure corridor
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 14 Induced urban and regional spatial development from a ferry-free E39
Effects from new European roads between
and by-passing Swedish cities:
New companies: Between 55,6 % and 30,5 %
of all new buildings for companies in all
branches of trade in the cities are located
within the 1 km zone. Thereof on average
22 % within the 1 minute zone from the road.
New housing: - 40,5 % single-family and
- 24,5 of tenement of the total in the city. Localisation pattern: Housing & companies
Trip Generation – people and goods
Accessibility changes
Urban road investment
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 4 Hydromechanical response of transition zones in soft soils
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 1 Laser welded sandwich steel elements (ultralight weight)
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 2 Durable concrete structures with fibre reinforcement
Problem Strict crack width limitations → Large reinforcement amounts
Possible Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC): solution self-compacting, high strength, ductile, very low permeability
UHPFRC in most vulnerable and exposed parts (e.g. bridge deck, edge beams, etc.)
Aim To understand how fibres influence the transport properties and the electrochemical corrosion process in reinforced structures, with respect to chloride induced reinforcement corrosion
To provide recommendations with respect to durability and input to service life models for ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete structures
UHPFRC
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 7 Corrosion free reinforced concrete
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 12 Graphene enhanced concrete
Silicate chain
Silicate chain
Ca-O layer
Hydroxyl
Graphene
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 10 The role of microbiological biofilm communities for degradation of sprayed concrete in subsea tunnels
NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
CH
ALM
ER
S U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y O
F T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
Project 9 Constructed stormwater manage- ment systems extended to provide biodiversity neutral roads
What shall we do now?
Fjord crossings
Sognefjord
Floating tunnel
Sognefjord Floating bridge
Pipe bridge
