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HIV COUNSELLING ANDCOMMUNICATIONAPPROACHES

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What is counseling?Counseling is defined as theservice of helping people toadjust to or deal with personalproblems by enabling them todiscover for themselves the

solutions to the problems whilereceiving attention from thecounselor. (chambersDictionary)

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Meaning of HIV/AIDS Counselling

WHO defines HIV/AIDS counselling as aconfidential dialogue between a client and a

counsellor aimed at enabling the client to

cope with stress and making personal

decisions related to HIV.

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Importance of Counseling inHIV infection and disease .

Provide psychological support to

anyone affected by HIV/AIDS.Provide factual information about

HIV/AIDSPrevent further spread of HIV

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Promotes behavior change

Helps in identification of support systems

Empowers person with skills to cope

Promotes self acceptance

Self awarenessProblem solving

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Wh o needs counsel

Cases of divorce and separation.

Traumatic situations.Person who wants to learn of sero status.

HIV positive person.Person with a chronic illness.

Person with a psychological problem.

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Wh o s h ould offer Counseling?An attractive counsellor should be;

Knowledgeable.

A good communicator.

Empathetic.

Non- Judgemental.Decent.

Confidential.

Caring and genuine.

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Positive attitudes in counselingConfidentiality

Acceptance

Non ² judgmental

Empathy

Caring

Patience

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Communication skills in counselling

Basic skills of communicationActive listening (the foundation of understanding)

paying attention while using

R - Be relaxed

O - Be Open

L - Lean forward towards the personE - Eye contact with client

S - Sit near the client

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Communication skills

cont·dNon verbal communicationVerbal communicationUsing silence constructively

Asking questionsAnswering questionsChecking understanding

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T h e basic HIV and AIDS Counseling model

1st stage

Help a persontell a story(problemidentification

and definition

2nd Stage

Help apersonconsideroptions

3rd Stage

Help a personmake plan

Positive attitudes &principles, Et h ics

Knowledge area Communication skills

EmpathyCaringConfidentialityNon ² judgmentalAcceptance

Knowledgearea

ListeningChecking

understandingAsking questionAnswering

questions

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summary of t h e counselling process

1st stage (story telling), see every problem as

an opportunity.

2nd stage (considering options), chose right

problem to work on.3rd stage (making a plan), how will client make

it happen.

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Professional et h ics & principles ofcounselling

Importance of ethics

Ensures uniformity within the professionEnsures discipline within the profession

Builds confidence/trust in the profession

Serves as security for the professionals and their clients

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Conclusion

counseling in HIV Care andmanagement is veryimportant for clients tomake positive choices andensure proper adherence toART.