COUNTRY REPORT MALDIVES

ADB Seminar on Results Based Management for Public Sector Excellence – Disaster Risk Management

16-19 April 2012Singapore

Presented by:

Ms. Aminath Huda Adam, Department of National Planning

Planning for DRM and climate change adaptation

(1) About Maldives

(2) Hazards & Planning for DRM

(3) National development plans

(4) DRM IN 7th NDP

(5) DRM in 8th NDP (SAP 2009-2013)

(6) Changes in the Planning Process for DRM

(7) Beyond Planning for DRM: Plan implementation, monitoring and evaluation, budgeting

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CONTENTS

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National EmblemNational Flag

National TreeNational Flower

ABOUT MALDIVES

Location

Sun, Sea, Sand

Hazards that affect Maldives, which could

culminate in disasters, include

Heavy/Limited Rainfall Floods & Windstorm Coastal erosion & Salt water intrusion Swell waves Tsunamis Risk of submergence of coastal areas Sea level rise

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HAZARDS & PLANNING FOR DRM

Swell waves

FloodsCoastal erosion Risk of submergence of coastal areas

tsunamis

Development planning in the Maldives began in the 1950s.

The first socio- economic development plan, was “Three Year Plan (1950-1952).However, following this there was no articulated development planning for 26 years.

The first comprehensive National Development Plan (1985-1987) was prepared and initiated in 1985. Since the inception of the First National Development Plan (1st NDP), Maldives has implemented 7 NDPs

Each plan articulated the national will and priorities for socio-economic and infrastructure development. These plans have ensured the development of a solid economic foundation, universalization of primary education and health care, and the strengthening of democratic governance and socio-economic institutions. 5

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS (NDPs)

1985-1987 – 1st NDP

1988-1990 – 2nd NDP

1991-1993 – 3rd NDP

1994-1996 – 4th NDP

1997-2000 – 5th NDP

2001-2005 – 6th NDP

2006-2010 – 7th NDP

2009-2013 –The Strategic Action Plan (8th NDP)

7th National Development Plan (2006-2010): 12 goals for achieving the vision of the Plan Of this Goals 5 is based on Spatial Development

Goal 5: Protect the natural environment and make people and property safer

Performance Targets: Ensure 75% of all inhabited islands have adequate solid waste

management facilities Give protected status to 5% of the coral reef areas Develop 10 safer islands Increase access to safe drinking water for 100 percent of the

population Ensure all islands with population over 2,000 have adequate sewerage

facilities

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DRM IN 7TH NDP

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SAP 2009-2013 Election manifesto-based operational plan of government 5 key pledges + 26 key sectors = 31 areas/programs Disaster Risk Management is 1 of 31 programs

Disaster Risk Management Program Goals

1) Ensure that the Maldives is safe and resilient from all disasters

2) Create awareness building and build institutional framework for disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA)

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DRM IN 8TH NDP (SAP 2009-2013)

Disaster Risk Management Program 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Implementing

agencies

Policy 1: Institutionalize disaster management and mitigation with strong institutional base for implementation

Create a national Policy and Legal framework for disaster risk reduction with decentralized responsibility and capacities at all levels

X X X X XNDMC and relevant

stakeholders

Establish DRR policy for all relevant sectors   X X X XNDMC and relevant

stake holders

Develop a national public awareness strategy for disaster risk reduction that reaches all communities and people of all education levels

  X X    MoE, key

stakeholders, NDMC

Create a national multi-sectoral platform for disaster risk reduction is functioning   X      NDMC and all the

stakeholders

Policy 2: Make Maldivians safe and secure from natural disasters through information, monitoring, dissemination and coordination of national early warning

Make available national and local risk assessments based on hazard data and vulnerability information including risk assessments for key sectors   X X X X MHTE

Analyse social and institutional impacts of relevant hazards   X X X XNDMC and key stakeholders

Establish systems to monitor, archive and disseminate data on key hazards and vulnerabilities   X X X XMHTE and key stakeholders

Assess trans-boundary risks X X X X X MMS

Policy 3: Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels in the country

Ensure availability of information on disasters at all levels, to all stakeholders (through networks, development of information sharing systems, etc)

X X X X XNDMC,

Province,Atoll, island, DNP, MMS

Incorporate disaster risk reduction and recovery concepts and practices into the national curriculum and create education material

X X       MoE, NDMC

Develop and strengthen research methods and tools for multi-risk assessments and cost benefit analysis

  X X X X MoE, NDMC

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Policy 4: Reduce the underlying risks to life and property from natural or man-made hazardous events

Incorporate disaster risk reduction in environment related policies and plans, including for land use natural resource management and adaptation to climate change

  X X X X MHTE, NDMC

Ensure social development policies address vulnerability of populations most at risk   X X X X MoHF,MHTE, NDMC

Economic and productive sectorial policies and plans to incorporate the vulnerability of economic activities

  X X X X MED, MHTE,NDMC

Integrated disaster risk reduction measures into post disaster recovery and rehabilitation processes

  X X X X NDMC, MoE, MHTE

Procedures in place to assess the disaster risk impacts of major development projects, especially infrastructure

  X X X X MHTE, NDMC

Policy 5: Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels

Strong policy, technical and institutional capacities and mechanisms for disaster management, with a disaster risk reduction perspective is to be incorporated

  X X X X MoE, NDMC, MHTE

Disaster Preparedness Plans and Contingency plans to be in place at all administrative levels and regular training drills and rehearsals to be held to test and develop disaster response programmes

  X X X XMoE, NDMC, MHTE,

MoHA, MT, MoHF,MAC

Financial reserves and contingency mechanisms are in place to enable effective response and recovery when required

  X X X X MoFT

Procedures to be in place to exchange relevant information during disasters and to undertake post-event reviews

  X X X X NDMC, MoE, MHTE

Policy 6: Integrate disaster risk reduction in climate change adaptation and vice versa

Policy framework (NAPA, SNAP) for integration of DRR and CCA   X X X X  

Institutional capacity building   X X X X NDMC, MMC, EPA

Development of pilot projects involving stakeholders for DRR and CCA integration   X X X X  

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Historic focus: DRR Response (emergency management & operations)

eg: for coastal erosion, heavy/limited rainfall Recovery (restoration of infrastructure & services,

reconstruction) eg: during 2004 tsunami, emergency response was provided

initially but great effort was put into repair and reconstruction of infrastructure and public housing

Current focus: Integration of Disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change

adaptation (CCA) Prevention & mitigation, preparation as well as response and

recovery Mainstreaming DRM rather than treating it as a separate sector

Eg: DRR mainstreamed in the Education sector. “School Emergency Operations Plan” formulated and being implemented.

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CHANGES IN PLANNING PROCESS FOR DRM

BEYOND PLANNING FOR DRM: PLAN IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION, BUDGETING

For all 31 program including for DRM: In 2010, budget aligned to program policies &

strategies In 2011, M&E framework developed

M&E tool Results Framework (RF) + Evaluation Framework (EF)

RFs identifies sector outcomes & also sets targets, timeframes & indicators

EF in-depth annual evaluation of the program In 2011, M&E framework and budget aligned

Program results to be achieved for budget allocations have been identified.

This would allow for tracking of DRM funding and achieved outcomes for the sector 12

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Thank you for listening