W l tW l tWelcome toWelcome toCourse #7510Introduction to OSHAfor Small B sinessesfor Small Businessesin the Forging Industryg g y

Presented by the FIA Safety & Health Committee 1

Objectives1. Describe the tools OSHA uses to reduce

workplace injuries and illnesses2. Identify basic employer and employee

responsibilities and rights under OSHA3 Recognize how OSHA standards are3. Recognize how OSHA standards are

organized and developed4. Understand the steps of the OSHA

inspection process5. Recognize the four elements of a safety and

health management systemhealth management system6. Obtain information about compliance

assistance

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OverviewOverview

Small Businesses• Represent more than 99.7% of employers p p y

in the US• Employ more than half of all private

lsector employees• Pay 44.5% of total U.S. private payroll• Generate 60 80% of new jobs annually• Generate 60 – 80% of new jobs annually

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OSHA’sOSHA’sOSHA sOSHA sEstablishment Establishment

O i l S f d• – Occupational Safety and Health Administration

• Law signed on December 29 1970• Law signed on December 29, 1970• To require employers to comply with

occupational safety and health p ystandards promulgated under the Act

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Why OSHA is Needed

• More than 14,000 worker deathsPrior to 1970

More than 14,000 worker deaths annually

• 2.5 million workers disabled by work-related injuries

• Estimated 300,000 cases of work-related illness

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OSHA’s Impactp

Since 1970• Work-related fatalities decreased by 62%• Overall injury and illness rate reduced 42%j y

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OSHA’s ToolsOSHA s Tools

• Strong, fair and effective enforcement

• Outreach education and compliance• Outreach, education and compliance assistance

P t hi d th ti• Partnerships and other cooperative programs

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Summary of Section 1 -Summary of Section 1 Background of OSHA

• When was the Occupational Safety and H l h A i d?Health Act signed?

• Why was OSHA necessary?• Why was OSHA necessary?

• What are the 3 tools OSHA uses to fulfill its mission?

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OSHA Coverage• All private sector employers

and their employees in the U.S. andand their employees in the U.S. and its territories and jurisdictions

• Does not cover:Does not cover:• The self-employed• Immediate members of farming families

h d kwith no outside workers• Mine workers, certain truckers and

transportation workers atomic energytransportation workers, atomic energy workers

• Public employees including state and

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OSHA CoverageOSHA CoverageOSHA CoverageOSHA Coverage

1. Dana Wilson, a public school teacher at Apple Valley Elementary.

2. Harry Adams, a miner at Below Ground Inc.

3. Adrian Smith, one of 3 employees of ABC landscaping.T l D ll t t i b i4. Taylor Dell, an accountant in business for herself.

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Major EmployerMajor EmployerResponsibilities

• Provide a workplace free from recognized hazardshazards

• Comply with OSHA standards and regulationsregulations

• Be familiar with standards applicable to your workplace and make copies available upon request. Std.1903.2 (c)

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Major Employer RightsMajor Employer Rights

• Obtain free advice and on-site lconsultation

• Accompany compliance officer d ( )on inspection Std. 1903.8 (a)

• Request an informal conference S d 903 20Std. 1903.20

• Contest citations and penalties S d 1903 1 ( )

FIAStd. 1903.17 (a)

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Employee Responsibilitiesand Rights

R ibiliti i l d

and Rights

Responsibilities include:• Complying with OSHA standards • Wearing required PPE Std 1910 123• Wearing required PPE Std. 1910.123• Reporting hazards to supervisor

Rights include:Rights include:• Reviewing standards• Receiving training• Requesting an OSHA investigation

Std. 1903.11 (a)R i i h OSHA 300 L

FIA• Reviewing the OSHA 300 Log

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Section 11(c) Whistleblower ProtectionAct prohibits any person from discharging or discriminating in any manner against an employee because the employee has

Discrimination can

exercised rights under the Act.

◦ Firing or laying off Bl kli i

◦ Denial of benefits ◦ Failure to hire or rehire

include:

◦ Blacklisting ◦ Demoting ◦ Denying overtime or

Failure to hire or rehire ◦ Intimidation ◦ Reassignment affecting

f iy gpromotion ◦ Disciplining

future promotions ◦ Reducing pay or hours

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Summary of Section 2 -Coverage ResponsibilitiesCoverage, Responsibilitiesand Rights

• True or False? The OSH Act covers the self employedself-employed.

• Name one of an employer’s threeName one of an employer s three major responsibilities under OSHA.

• What is Section 11(c)?

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OSHA Standards Overview

29 CFR (Code of Federal29 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations)

•Part 1910 – OSH ActPart 1910 OSH Act General Industry Regulations - Occupational Safety and

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p yHealth Standards

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Finding Standards on OSHA’s Finding Standards on OSHA’s WebsiteWebsiteWebsiteWebsite

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General Duty Clausey

• Section 5(a)(1) of the Act of 1970Act of 1970

• Employers must furnish a place of employmenta place of employment free from recognized hazardshazards

• Applies when there is no specific standard

FIAno specific standard

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How OSHA DevelopspStandards

• OSHA initiates or in response to petitions from other partiesI t ti t d k t d d• Intention to propose, amend, or revoke a standard published in the Federal Register

• Interested parties may submit written information; OSHA may schedule a public hearing

• Final outcome is a standard or amendment, or a determination that none is necessarydetermination that none is necessary

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Reporting andReporting and Recordkeeping

• Report fatality/catastrophes p y/ pwithin 8 hours

• Maintain injury and illness j yrecords - OSHA 300

• Post annual OSHA 300A Summary February 1 to April 30 of previous year

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Summary of Section 3 -StandardsStandards

• OSHA standards are broken into parts. Whi h t t i t d d fWhich part contains standards for General Industry?

• What must employers report to OSHA ithi i ht h ?within eight hours?

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Inspection Priorities

Imminent danger Std 1903 13• Imminent danger Std. 1903.13• Catastrophes and fatal accidents• Employee complaintsEmployee complaints• Referrals • Planned or Targeted High-Hazard

Inspections • Follow-up inspections

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Inspection Process

• Opening conferencep g• Inspection tour• Closing conferenceg

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OSHA Citations

Inform employers and employees of:• Regulations and standards the employer

allegedly violated Std. 1903.14 (b)• Hazardous working conditions Std.

1903.13P d l th f ti t f• Proposed length of time set for abatement of hazards Std. 1903.16 (b)

• Any proposed penalties Std 1903 15 (a)

FIA• Any proposed penalties Std. 1903.15 (a)

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Violations andViolations andPenalties

• Other-than-serious• Serious (up to $7,000)• Willful (up to $70,000)• Repeated (up to $70,000)• Failure to abate

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Appeals Processpp

• May seek an informal conference yor settlement prior to contest

• Contest must be done within 15 working days

• In writing to area officeg

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Summary of Section 4 -OSHA Inspection Process

• What are the stages of an OSHA i ti ?inspection?

Wh t th t f OSHA• What are the types of OSHA violations?

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Safety and Health Management SSystem

F lFour elements:1. Management Leadership and

Employee InvolvementEmployee Involvement2. Worksite Analysis3. Hazard Prevention and Control3. Hazard Prevention and Control4. Safety and Health Training

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Element 1 - Management Leadership and Employee Involvementand Employee Involvement

Management LeadershipMotivating force and resources• Motivating force and resources

• Safety and health is a fundamental valuevalue

Employee Involvement• Workers develop and express their o e s de e op a d e p ess t e

own commitment to safety and health, for themselves and fellow workers

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Element 2 – Worksite Analysis

Involves 4 major actions:• Comprehensive survey of facilityComprehensive survey of facility • Change analysis • Routine hazard analyses • Periodic and daily safety and health

inspections

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Element 3 – Hazard Prevention and Control

Systems used to prevent and control hazards include:

• Engineering controls• Safe work practices

Administrative controls• Administrative controls • Personal protective equipment

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Element 4 – Safety and HealthTrainingTraining

Types of training include:• Orientation training• Hazard recognition training • Training required by OSHA standards a g equ ed by OS sta da ds• Emergency response training• Accident investigation training• Accident investigation training • Emergency drill training

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Summary of Section 5 -Implementing a SafetyImplementing a Safety& Health Management System

• What are the four elements of a safety d h l h ?and health management system?

Wh i f i• What are some important factors in making your safety and health

f l?program successful?

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Office of Small Business AssistanceOffice of Small Business Assistance

Administers On-Site Consultation Program

Serves as liaison within OSHA for

ll b ismall businesses Provides outreach

and complianceand compliance assistance to small businesses

FIAbusinesses

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OnOn--Site Consultation ProgramSite Consultation Program

Free, confidential advice to small and medium-sized businesses

Priority to high hazard Priority to high-hazard worksites

Separate from enforcement No penalties or citations Employers may qualify for a

one year exemption fromone-year exemption from routine inspections

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Other Cooperative ProgramsOther Cooperative Programs

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Compliance AssistanceCompliance Assistance

Compliance assistance presources

Compliance Assistance Specialists (CASs)

OSHA website

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TrainingTraining

OSHA Office of Training and Education

OSHA Training Institute Education C tCenters

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Summary of Section 6 -Assistance to

Wh b fi f ki

Assistance toSmall Businesses

• What are some benefits of working with the On-Site Consultation

?program?

H ld b i i f i• How would you obtain information on resources available to small b i ?businesses?

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Review of ObjectivesReview of ObjectivesReview of ObjectivesReview of Objectives

• Describe the tools OSHA uses to reduce workplace injuries and illnessesId if b i l d l• Identify basic employer and employee responsibilities and rights under OSHA

• Recognize how OSHA standards are organized and developed

• Select the steps of the OSHA inspection process• Recognize the four elements of a safety andRecognize the four elements of a safety and

health management system• Obtain information about compliance

assistance

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ClosingClosing

Any questions?y q Remember to turn in evaluation forms

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