COURSE OFFERED = CERTIFICATE IN MODERN PHARMACOLOGY
ELIGIBILITY = BAMS/BUMS/BHMS
DURATION = 1 YEAR
PROGRAMME OBJECTIVE : Our unique Certificate in Modern Pharmacology an opportunity to Medical Private practitioners for upgrading their knowledge And skill in Modern Pharmacology for providing better quality of Treatment. The programme covers the concepts, practice and application For knowledge in the field of Allopathic medicine and aims at improving the knowledge and skills of medical working both in the Govt. health care Delivery system and the private sector . AIMS : After completion of CMP (Certificate in Modern Pharmacology) , you will Find a challenging career in private practice and health care industry. To
enable registered BAMS/BUMS/BHMS practitioners to prevent or treat common ailments with prescription of allopathic medicines ; and refer the patient which are beyond their competency to other competent Registered Medical Practitioners .
SUBJECTS OF THE COURSE
Subject Code No.
Course Subjects Theory Assessment (Internal)
Practical
PHARM-110 General Pharmacology 70 30 X
PHARM-120 Systemic Pharmacology- I 70 30 X
PHARM-130 Medical Competencies 70 30 x
PHARM-140 Practical Pharmacology 70 30 x
PHARMA-150P Practical Pharmacology - - 200
Total 600
SYLLABUS : Syllabus for certificate course in modern Pharmacology for registered
BAMS/BUMS/BHMS Practioners, shall be as approved by SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY, Rajasthan.
PHARMACOLOGY SYLLABUS
(A) GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
1. Introduction ,Definition & Scope of Pharmacology
2. Drug absorption
3. Drug distribution
4. Drug biotransformation
5. Drug excretion
6. Pharmaco dynamics
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug combinations
9. Drug development
(B) SYSTEMIC PHARMACOLOGY-I
(a) Autonomic Nervous System
1. Introduction to ANS & Neurohumoral transmission
2. Introduction agonists
3. Introduction antagonists
4. Cholinergic agents
5. Anticholinergics
(b) Cardiovascular System
1. Introduction to CVS and principles of treatment of HT
2. Antihypertensive agents
3. Nitrates and other anti – anginals
4. Coagulants & Anti- Coagulants
5. Anti- platelet agents and thrombolytics
6. Drugs for CCF
7. Lipid lowering agents
(c) Central Nervous system
1. Hypnosedatives
2. Anti-epileptics
3. Local anaesthetics
4. Anti-parkinsonian drugs
5. Opioids and their antagonists
6. NSAIDs
7. Anti-depressants and mood stabilizers
8. Antipsychotics, Anxiolytics, Anti depressants
9. Drug dependence and drug abuse
10. Treatment of Migrane
11. Management of alcohol,tobacco,addicts
( C ) SYSTEMIC PHARMACOLOGY-II
(a) Chemotherapy
1. General Principles of anti Microbial use
2. Penicillins and Cephalosporins
3. Sulfonamides and Co-trimoxazole,Quinolones
4. Broad spectrum antibiotics
5. Anti-tubercular drugs
6. Anti-leprosy drugs
7. Anti-amoebic drugs
8. Anti-malarial drugs
9. Anti-helminthic drugs
10. Anti-fungal agents and Anti- viral agents , anti protozoan agents
11. Pharmacotherapy of STD
(b) Hormones
1. Corticosteroids
2. Estrogen and its antagonists
3. Progesterone and its antagonists
4. Androgens , anabolic steroids and anti- androgens
5. Oral contraceptives and fertility control
6. Drugs for Diabetes mellitus
7. Thyroid and anti- thyroid agents
( c) Miscellaeneous
1. Drugs for anemia
2. Oxytocics and tocolytics
3. Drugs used in Bronchial asthma
4. Drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer and vomiting
5. Drugs used for constipation & diarrhea
6. Vaccines
7. Autacoids and their antagonists
8. Pharmacotherapy of skin disorders
9. Drugs in pregnancy , Lactation and extremes of age
10. Rational drug use + Essential drug list
11. Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Gout
12. Nutritional Supplements Calcium, Proteins , Calories & Minerals
( d ) PRACTICAL PHARMACOLOGY
1. Dissolution & disintegration
2. Routes of drug administration
Applied Dosage calculations
3. IV formulations
4. Comment on FDC
5. Prescription writing
6. Case- study 1 : OPP
7. Case- study 2 : UTI
8. Adverse drug reactions : DISPLAY
9. Anti-septics and dis-infectants : DISPLAY
10. Nutrition : DISPLAY
COMPETENCIES IN MEDICAL CONDITIONS
1. Provide primary care for the following conditions :
Upper respiratory infections ,
Lower respiratory infections without danger signs
Fever less than one week no localizing signs and fever with rash
Diarrhea with mild or moderate dehydration
Abdominal pain mild Urinary infections
Intestinal helminthiasis – worms
Stings and bites including snake bite with no clear envenomation signs
Syndromic approach to STDs
Common skin infections
Common allergic skin conditions
Dog and other potentially rabid animal bites
Anemia
Conjunctivitis
Refractory errors
Electrocution, drowning and lightning strikes
Toothache and gum infections
2. Counsel and refer patients with above conditions to a facility in case of complications and
/ or non-response to primary care.
3. Identify or suspect following conditions and refer to a facility.
Upper respiratory infections – not improving within seven days or worsening sign seen
Lower respiratory infections with danger signs
Recurrent abdominal pain
Chest pains specially above 35 years of age.
Fever of over one week with no localising sign or with altered sensorium, including
meningitis
Diarrhoea with severe dehydration including suspected cholera
Chronic diarrhea (more than 2 weeks) not responding to anti-amebics
Dysentry not responding to first-line drugs
Typhoid
Severe Malaria (as per NAMP Guidelines)
Tuberculosis
Suspected HIV Common
Leprosy
Acute abdomen
Bronchial Asthma
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Suspected diabetes
Shock
Hypertension
Severe chest pain and ischemic heart disease
Stroke
Jaundice
Rabies
Snake bite with signs of envenomation
Scorpion stings other animal bites
Burn
Mental disorders ( depression , anxiety, alcohol addiction , acute psychosis )
Oral ulcer , plaques
Hoarseness
Unexplained lumps
Cancers
Syphilis
Anemia not responding to iron treatment
Epilepsy
Arthritis
Obesity
Hearing loss
Ear discharge
Cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy
Foreign body in eye , nose and ear
Fissure in ano
Abscesses and wounds
Acute urinary retention
All other clinical conditions that are not understood
4. Provide treatment, follow up and rehabilitation for patients discharged from facilities
as a continuum
5. Perform following skills
Take history and perform physical examination
ENT and eye examination
Counsel patients and their parents
Provide first aid to a patient with emergency
Maintain patient record ; write prescription
Administer/ prescribe designated drugs / medication , explain side effects
Provide / supervise home care , danger signs and follow up
Provide basic resuscitation and first aid
Provide oxygen
X-ray reading reporting
Pulse oximeter
Cleaning, dressing wound, burn
Administering anti-rabies vaccine intradermally, administering rabies antiserum
Prescribing presbyopic glasses
Insert intravenous cannula
Administer intramuscular injection
Provide intravenous medication / fluids in emergency
Advise physiotherapy , developmental stimulation
Care of the elderly ( specify
Counsel healthy life styles
Buccal smear taking for oral cancer
Arrange transport and care en route
Prepare referral note
Provide pre- referral stabilization and treatment
Interpret tests, understand prescriptions and discharge summaries, understand
diagnoses
Prescribe / administer treatment as advised
Follow program guidelines
Recognize need for referral / review
COMPETENCIES IN CHILD HEALTH / SPECIAL COMPETENCIES
FOR CARE OF CHILDREN
1. Provide primary care for the following conditions :
Acute respiratory infections
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Otitis media
Malaria
Measles and other viral fevers
Short durations fever
Local infections ( skin, eye)
Worm infestations
Anemia
Undernutrition
Injuries, animal bites
Drowning, trauma, burn
2. Provide ambulatory and community based care to neonates including
Care at birth
Resuscitation
Thermal protection
Feeding of stable, non-sick LBW babies
Breastfeeding and feeding problems
Local infections: skin pustules, oral thrush, umbilical sepsis
Non severe pneumonia or sepsis
Non-pathological jaundice
3. Counsel and refer neonates and children with above conditions ( 1&2) to a facility in
case of complications and /or non-response to primary care
4. Identify or suspected following conditions and refer to a facility
Prematurity / very low birth weight
Asphyxia, neonatal seizures
Malformation
Diarrhea > 14 days, dysentery
Severe pneumonia
Bronchial asthma
Tuberculosis
Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
Acute severe malnutrition
Vitamin A deficiency
Rickets
Moderate/ severe anemia
Developmental delay
Disability
Behavioural problems, autism
Adolescence problems
Jaundice
Hemetemesis
Meningitis / encephalitis, flaccid paralysis,
Epilepsy
Development regression
Dengue, enteric fever
HIV
Bleeding diathesis , cancers
Swelling feet , face, hematuria, oligo-anuria
Renal failure ,chronic kidney disease,
Nephritis, nephritic syndrome
UTI
Hypertension, heart disease
Surgical conditions
Other conditions that are not clear
5. Provide treatment, follow up and rehabilitation for child patients discharged from
facilities as a continuum
6. Perform following skills
GENERAL
Take history and perform physical examination of children and neonates
Counsel patient and their parents
Maintain patient record ; write prescription
Administer / vaccines
Counsel feeding
Assess growth and development
Insert oro / nasogastric tube, provide gastric lavage, provide feeds
Administer intramuscular injection
Insert intravenous cannula
Provide intravenous medication/ fluids in emergency
Counsel adolescent girls and boys
Advise physiotherapy, development stimulation
Arrange transport and care en route
Prepare referral note
Provide pre- referral stabilization and treatment
NEONATAL CARE
Perform neonatal resuscitation
Provide care of birth
Provide Thermal protection counsel and supervise: breastfeeding, breast milk
expression, Kangaroo Mother Care
Manage breast feeding problems
Provide tube feeds
Insert intravenous / umbilical venous cannula
Provide intravenous / umbilical venous fluids in emergency
Identify danger signs & refer appropriately
Provide Pre- referral stabilization and treatmen
Interpret tests, understand prescriptions and discharge summaries, understand
diagnoses
Follow program guidelines
Recognize need for referral
COMPETENCIES IN WOMEN’S HEALTH : OBSTETRIC
1. Provide primary care for the following conditions of women during pregnancy labor
& postpartum
Pregnancy :
o Normal,
o Minor ailments : heartburn & nausea, constipation, fever, frequency of urination,
vaginal and urinary infection
o Inverted nipples
o Screen for follow up and hospital delivery
Labor & delivery
o Supportive care
Post partum 6 week Normal peuerperium
o Post partum blues
o Post partum nutrition, involution, inversion,
2. Counsel and refer mothers with above conditions to a facility in case of complications
and non-response to primary care
3. Identify or suspect following conditions in mother and refer to a facility
Pregnancy :
o Any danger sign
o Pregnancy induced hypertension, Pre-eclampsia, twins/multiple pregnancy,
IUGR, severe anemia, excessive vomiting,
o For ultrasonography
o UTI
o Bleeding PV/ APH, fetal distress
o CPD, contracted pelvis, abnormal presentations, leaking P/V, vaginal discharge,
preterm labor
o HIV positive mother
o Post mature pregnancy
o IUD, adolescent pregnancy ; other risk factors ( short mother )
o VVF,RVF, ectopic pregnancy, contracted pelvis
o Presence of any danger signs
Labor :
o Any danger sign
o PROM
o Premature labor , prolonged labor
o Presence of any danger signs
o Obstructed labor, transverse lie, cord prolapsed
o Eclampsia,- convulsions
o Fetal distress Breech
o Multiparity
o Manual removal of placenta
Post partum :
o Any danger sign
o Retained placenta
o PPH Pueperial sepsis
o UTI
o Breast abscess
o Post partum psychosis
o Deep perineal tears
4. Provide treatment, follow up and rehabilitation for patients discharged from facilities
as a continuum
Post partum care
Care of mother with CS
Episiotomy care
5. Perform following skills
GENERAL
Take Gen / Obst History
Antenatal exam, including P/V exam
Breast examination
Perform urine-pregnancy test
Check Weight, BP, temp, respiration, pallor
Auscultate Fetal heart
Iron and calcium supplementation
Identify danger signs during pregnancy & refer
Counsel / refer for infections- TORCH/ HIV
Differentite normal abnormal labour, abnormal lie and presentation
Administer SC/ IM/ IV inj, Insert IV line
Interpret reports
Counsel for birth preparedness, institutional delivery
Identify danger signs during pregnancy & refer
Maintain partograph, perform Vaginal examination ( in uncomplicated/ normal
delivery )
Conduct normal delivery : as per SBA module of GOI for ANM
Conduct assisted delivery : as per SBA module of GOI for ANM
Identify danger signs during delivery & refer
Perform Controlled cord traction , Uterine massage
Episiotomy & suturing
Examination of Placenta membranes & cord
Post partum visit
Excess bleeding, infections
Counseling : hygiene, diet , rest, Contraception/FP
Feeding , infant care, Perineal & beast care
Manage sore & cracked nipples
Referal; note, transport, finances, pre referral care, care during transport
Provide pre referral stabilization and treatment
Arrange transport and care en rout
Prepare referral noteInterpret tests, understand prescriptions and discharge
summaries, understand diagnoses
Follow program guidelines
Recognize need for referral
COMPETENCIES IN MATERNAL CONDITIONS HEALTH: GYNECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
1. Provide primary care for the following conditions of women :
RTI/ STI :
o Vaginal discharge
o Inguinal swelling
o Genital ulcers
o Urethral discharge
Dysmenorrheal,
Menstrual irregularities
FP: Spacing, barrier methods, IUCD
Medical contraception
Abortion: natural & medical ( should it be referred)
Screen for cervical cancer counseling for early diagnosis of cancer
Provide counseling & support for Gender based voilence
2. Counsel and refer patients with above conditions to a facility in case of complications
and/ or non-response to primary care
3. Identify or suspect following conditions and refer to a facility
Infertility;
PID
Genital trauma, prolapsed uterus, fistula, rectocele, cysytocele, urethrocele
Abnormal uterine bleeding ; Menorrhagia,? Fibroid
Breast lump or cancer
Cx cancer, refer for elective PAP smear;
Menstrual disorder
Menopausal disorders
FP: terminal ; methods
Abortion
Sexual violence ( counseling & support)
Other conditions that are not clear
4. Provide treatment, follow up and rehabilitation for women discharged from facilities as
a continuum
Post surgery
Post abortion
Cancer treatment
Special care during pregnancy and childbirth
5. Perform following skills
GENERAL
Speculum examination
IUCD insertion
PAP’s Smear
History , examination
Collection of specimens
Provide pre referral stabilization and treatment
Interpret tests, understand prescriptions and discharge summaries, understand
diagnoses
Follow program guidelines
Recognize need for referral
COMPETENCIES IN SURGICAL CONDITIONS 1. Provide primary care for the following conditions:
Injury
Wound
Cellulitis
Abscess
Burn
Fractures/ dislocations
Joint pain, swelling
Backache
Bed sore
Constipation
Anal Fissure
Urinary Retention
Eye redness, stye, conjunctivitis, trachoma
Care of cellulitis and use of antibiotics/ pain killer
Initial treatment of shock
Foreign body in ear, nose, throat, eye
2. Counsel and refer patients with above conditions to a facility in case of complications
and/ or non-response to primary care
3. Identify or suspect following conditions and refer to a facility
Suspect cancer
Acute abdomen
Lymphedenopathy
Piles and Fistulas
Hernias
Paraphimosis
Varicose veins
Prostatic problem
Vericocele
Bleeding per rectum
Oral ulcer
Large abscess
Recurrent Retention urine
Lymphedenopathy
Congenital malformations like cleftlip, cleft palate, anorectal malformations,
trachea- esophageal fistula, hypo/ epispadias
Epididymochitis
Breast lump
Thyroids swelling
Piles and treatment of constipation
4. Provide treatment, follow up and rehabilitation for women discharged from facilities
as a continuum
5. Perform following skills
Take history and perform physical examination
Examination of a lump
Joint and bone examination
ENT examination
Vision and eye testing
First aid to a patient with injury, wound, burn and other surgical emergencies
Carry out basic manoeuvres to control haemorrhage ( pressure bandage, direct
pressure, part elevation, splint application, etc)
Care of wound and apply dressings
Suturing of superficial wound
Catheterization with Foley’s catheter
Interpretation of laboratory reports
Local care of bed sores
Nasal packing for epistaxis
Removal of foreign body in ear, nose, throat if possible and eye wash
Strapping pelvis by sheet or waist belt in patient with pelvis injury
Apply cervical collar in unconscious patient complaining of pain in the neck
Immobilization ,shifting in ambulance, joint creams
Drain and dress the surface abscess
Catheterize patients with urinary retention . Why duplicate ?
Passage of nasogastric and orogastric tubes.
Stitch minor wounds
Provide domestic care of terminally ill patients .
Identify common fractures & dis locations, and splint the same
X-ray interpretation of common bone trauma
Counsel patients
Maintain patient record , write prescription
Administer / prescribe designated drugs/ medication, explain side effects
Insert intravenous cannula
Administer intramuscular injection
Provide intravenous medication/ fluids in emergency
Advise physiotherapy
Prepare referral note
Provide pre- referral stabilization and treatment Provide pre- referral
stabilization and treatment
Arrange transport and refer the patient as soon as the patient is stable ,after
initial treatment of shock
Provide careful and safe transport of patients with trauma including spine and
head injury
Understand prescription and discharge summaries, interpret basic tests
Administer to patients in the postoperative period as per the discharge slips
Facilitate follow-up visits at suggested time and date .
Dress wounds as per the discharge slip carried by the patient .
Remove stitches in previously operated if so advised
Provide care of ostomies ( aolostomy , gastrostomy, jejunostomy ) long term
catheters like urinary catheter ( as advised by the doctor from hospital ).
Recognize need for referral/ review
COMPETENCIES IN LABORATORY SKILLS AND USE OF DESIGNATED DRUGS
AT THE END OF THE COURSE, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO PERFORM FOLLOWING TESTS:
2. At the end of the course, BSc graduate will be able to safely prescribe a set of
designated and notified drugs.
The list would be decided by the concerned state. These may include the following:
Making and reading blood smear for malaria
Rapid kit for malaria ( and other)
Other rapid tests: Filaria, enteric , dengue
Haemoglobin, TLC, DLC, Peripheral Smear, ESR, Sickling/ solubility test
Urine sugar, albumin, ketones and microscopy for pus cells
Check blood sugar using a glucometer
Stool examination
Blood grouping
Trop T test
Pregnancy test
PAP smear
Whole blood clotting time to diagnose hemotoxic snake bite problem
Gram staining of pus
Other tests that the state may decide from time to time
o Vaccines as per national / state program; anti rabies vaccine
o Antacids
o Antihistaminics
o Antibiotics such as Co- trimoxazole, Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin,
Norfloxacin, gentamicin and others
o Antipyretics and analgesics
o Antimalarais
o Topical medications- Antibiotic, Antifungal, steroid , Analgesis, Antiseptic, Topical
antihistaminic.
o Antihelminthics , antiamoebic drugs
o Antiscabies agents
o Antimetics , antispasmodics
o Betamehasone in preterm labour
o Iron ,folic acid, zinc, vitamin A, other vitamin / multivitamin preparations
o Intravenous saline, Ringer’s lactate, glucose for emergency us
o Enzyme preparations, laxatives
o Oral rehydration solutions
o Hematinics and vitamin & minerals
o Diuretics and antihypertensives
o Sedatives and antiepileptics
o Bronchodilators
o Expectorants
o Mesoprostol, other drugs for post- partum hemorrhage
o Oral contraceptive pills
o Pre natal steroids
o Surface anaesthesia for repair of minor injury etc
o Antibiotic eye and ear drops and ointments
o Nasal decongestant
o Drugs used in resuscitation and life support
o Anti TB drugs ( per program)
o Antiretrovirals ( per program)
o Antimalarials ( per program)
o Other drugs under national Health Programmes
o All other drugs that are notified by the competent authority
Books recommended : ( Latest Editions)
1. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology . Katzung BG (Ed), publisher : pretice hall International
Ltd.,London.
2. Pharmacology & Pharmacotheraputics . Satoskar RS, Bhandarkar SD (Ed), Publisher :
Popular Prakashan , Bombay.
3. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology . Tripathi KD(Ed), Jaypee Brothers, Publisher :
medical Publishers (P) Ltd.
4. Clinical Pharmacology. Laurence DR, Bennet PN, Brown MJ (Ed). Publisher: Churchill
Livingstone.
Reference Books :
1. Goodman & Gliman’s The Pharmaclological Basic of Therapeutics. Hardman JG &
Limbird LE (Ed), McGraw-Hill, Newyork.
2. A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology. Roger HJ, Spector RG, Trounce JR (Ed), Publisher :
Hodder and Stoughton. Publishers