UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY •EGION VI! 726 MINNESOTA AVENUE KANSAS $ITY. KANSAS 66101 A cp o ft 1995 MEMORANDUM SUBJECT: Recommendation for Approval )fthe Five-Yeai Review for Operable Unit 3 Alternate Water Supply, Chett)l:ee Counts Superfund Sue. Cherokee Countv. Kansas FROM: David Drake. Remedial Project Manager 1AKS Remedial Unit | THRU: Steve Kovak. Chief 1AKS Remedial Unit IO: Michael Sanderson, Director Supertund Division Five-Y< ar I have completed the statutory Water Supply System, of the Galena SubsitC, Kansas has reviewed and provided input/cono irrence Revieu foi Operable Unit "01. the Alternate HlCTokee Countv Supertund Site The State of on this evaluation The attached Five-Year Review indlK BSthe details of mv site inspection of the Operable Unit in July 199^ Your approval is recommeided Attachment cc Jane Kloeckner. C'NSU Larn,' Knoche. KDHH Steve Iverson. COE S00017366 SUPERFUND RECORDS RECYCLE
Transcript
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY•EGION VI!
726 MINNESOTA AVENUEKANSAS $ITY. KANSAS 66101
A
cp o ft 1995
MEMORANDUM
SUBJECT: Recommendation for Approval )fthe F ive-Yeai R e v i e w for Operable Un i t 3Alternate Water Supply, Chett)l:ee Counts Superfund Sue. Cherokee Countv.Kansas
FROM: David Drake. Remedial Project Manager1AKS Remedial Unit |
THRU: Steve Kovak. Chief1AKS Remedial Unit
IO: Michael Sanderson, DirectorSupertund Division
Five-Y< arI have completed the statutoryWater Supply System, of the Galena SubsitC,Kansas has reviewed and provided input/cono irrence
Revieu foi Operable Unit "01. the AlternateHlCTokee Countv Supertund Site The State of
on t h i s e v a l u a t i o n
The attached Five-Year Review indlK BSthe details of mv si te inspect ion of the OperableUnit in July 199^ Your approval is recommeided
Attachment
cc Jane Kloeckner. C'NSULarn,' Knoche. KDHHSteve Iverson. COE
S00017366SUPERFUND RECORDS RECYCLE
SEP 2 8 1995
MEMORANDUM
SUBJECT: Recommendation for Approval 6f the Five-Year Re\iev» for Operable Unit P01,Alternate Water Supply, Cherokee County Superfund Site, Cherokee County,Kansas !
FROM: David Drake. Remedial Project 'ManagerlAKS Remedial Unit • !
THRU: Steve Kovak, ChieflAKS Remedial Unit
TO: Michael Sanderson, DirectorSuperfund Division
I have completed the statutory Fiva-Yfear Review for Operable Unit f r O l , the AlternateWater Supply System, of the Galena Subsite, Cherokee County Superfund Site The State ofKansas has reviexved and provided input/condurrence on this evaluation
IThe attached l ;i\e-Year Review includes the details of my site inspection of the Operable
Unit in July 1995 Your approval is recommended
Attachment
cc Jane Kloeckner, CNSL !Larry Knoche, KDHE iSteve Iverson. COE !
, XM/^ f UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
V «o^"*" RtGION VII726 MINNESOTA AVtNUE
KANSAS CITY, KANSAS 66101
ccrp 0 ft V595
M KM O RAN 1)11 M
SUB.JKCT: Recommendat ion for Approval of the Five-Yeai Review for Operable I ' n i t «01Alternate Water Supply, Cherokee Count\ Super tund Site, Cherokee County.Kansas
KROM: David Drake. Remedial Project ManagerIAKS Remedial L'nit
THRr: Steve Kovak, Chief fl,IAKS Remedial Un i t
l'(): Michael Sande iNon . DirectorSupertund Division
1 have completed the statutory Five- Year Review foi Operable Un i t • v o l . the Al te rna teWater Supply System, of the Galena Subsite, Cfcerokee Count v Supertund Site The State ofKansas has reviewed and provided input/conculTence on th is evaluation
The attached I ; i \ e -Year Review includes the detai ls of im si te inspect ion of the OperableU n i t in J u l v IW^ N ' o u i a p p i o x a l is recommended
Attachment
cc Jane Kloecknei . C ' N S l .I .any Knoche. K D I I I .Steve Iverson, COK
R E C Y C L E
FIVE-YEAR REVIEW REPORT
•ORI
G A L E N A SUBSITEi OPERABLE U N I T #01
ALTERNATE WATER SI PPLV
CIIKROKEE COTOiTY SUPERFl Nl> SITE
CHEROKEECOUNTY, KANSAS
PREPARED BY:!
li.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCYRECKON VII
726 MINNESOTA AN EN IEKANSAS CITY, KS 66101
Michael J. SajxcfersonDirector, Superfuiul Division
7.0 R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S . . . . . . . . . . . j . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8 . 0 N E X T R K V I K W 10
1.0 INTRODUCTION
reviewThis report documents the five-year#01, Alternate Water Supply, of theKansas This review was conducted by theU.S
of the Galena Subsite, Operable Unit (OU)Cherokee (Jounty Superfund Site in Cherokee County,
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
The purpose of the five-year review if t> determine the continued adequacy of remedialresponse actions undertaken at the site to protest human h ea l t h , welfare, and the environmentSection 121 (c) of the Comprehensive Environ tental Response, Compensation, and Liabili ty Act(CERLCA), as amended, and Section 300.430( X4X") of the National Oil and HazardousSubstances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP)l tquire that periodic (at least once every fiveyears) reviews be conducted for sites where httirdous substances, pollutants, or contaminantsremain at the site above levels that allow for UK Ulited use or unrestricted exposure following thecompletion of all remedial actions for the site. The reviews are to be completed wi th in f ive yearsof in i t ia t ion of the first remedial action at a SiteW a specific operable un i t w i t h i n a site Remedialactivities at the Galena Subsite O U s O l , Alternate Water S u p p l v . of the Cherokee CountySuperfund Site began in September 1989 when the EPA's conn actor mobili/ed to startconstruction of the remedial act ion OU#01 WfS completed as a 1-und-l.ead Remedial Action
The EPA has established four levelsreview and would be appropriate for sitesactions are no longer protective of humanintensive review, and Level I is appropriate
Le\el 111 requires the most in-depththere is the greatest l ikel ihood that the remedialwelfare, and the environment Level 11 is a less
sites where the remedial actions are anticipated tohave been adequately protective of human net h, welfare, and the environment during the firstfive years of implementat ion A Type la revta t\S intended to streamline the five-year reviewprocess at sites where remedial action is ongoi Igand to reduce resource needs for such reviewsA Type la review is a modified version of al^ >C I review A Type la emphasi/.es only relevantprotectiveness factors, analy/.ed at a standard< Preview appropr ia te for sites where response isongoing Sites generally qua l i fy for a Type It eview u n t i l cons t ruc t ion is completed and the sitequalifies for listing on the Construction Compl Btion List
A Level 1 review was conducted at the Galena Subsite Ol ''•'(>!. Alternate Water Supply, ofthe Cherokee County Superfund Site because he remedial actions appear to be adequate and fullyimplemented This five-year review report SUf imarizes remedial actions undertaken at the site todate, and w i l l determine if the remedial actlOlUwelfare, and the env i ronmen t
The five-year r e v i e w included a site VU itcurrent site condit ions and the current remedu IDoolan and Dave Drake, both wi th EPA Region
are achieving the goal of protecting human heal th .
conducted on J u l y I 1) . I1W\ to observe theactions The site v i s i t was conducted b> Mark
VII
2.0 SITE BACKGROUND
2 1 Site Location and Description
The Cherokee County Superfund Site IMining District The Tri-State District erOklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri, and was Iin the world The Kansas portion of the disstate
snts the Kansas portion of the Tri-State, approximately 500 square miles inone of the richest lead and /inc ore deposits
(lies within the extreme southeast corner of the
Because of the large si/.e of the mining district in Kansas, the Cherokee County SuperfundSite has been divided into six subsites The Unites are the Galena area, the Baxter Springs area,the Treece area, the Badger area, the Lawtonirea, and the \Vaco area These six subsitesencompass most of the area where mining occurred within the Cherokee County Superfund Site,and where physical surface disturbances are Stffl evident
The Galena subsite is located in theSuperfund Site ( see Figure 1) The City ofthe center of the subsite The Galena subsiteLowlands Physiographic Provine and is clmuch of which is used as cropland Thefeatures, abandoned tailings ponds, bothfeatures The mine was te areas contain sparseadjacent to mine was t e pi les and are located
(-central portion of the Cherokee Countya residential communi ty of 3,588, lies near
[located on the western edge of the Centralby gent le slopes and shallow stream valleys
district is characteri/ed by surface mine wastecollapsed mine shafts, and surface subsidence
no vegetation Main houses are immediatelythin areas of eol ian deposited smelter wastes
Two operable u n i t s ha\e been created within the Galena subsite, the Alternate WaterSupply Operable Unit ( f ' O l ) and the Ground'OUs address the same subsite area OU#01source for rural residents outside the City oftaddress the human heal th and environmental IThis report w i l l address only remedial acth
Ifater/Surfacc Water Operable I ,n i t (»05) Bothi implemented to provide a safe drinking water
Jena, Kansas Ol '?;05 was implemented toiassociated w i t h the min ing waste contaminants
[associated w i t h Ol ' . vOI
2 2 Site History
GaknaLead and /inc min ing began in theA smelter operated along Short Creek directly1960's Sphalerite ( / inc sulf ide) and galena (hidother metal sulfides were found in association (vith
The mining activities changed the hydologywhich cause subsidence resul t ing from condllisurface These act ions d i s rup ted the normal flrfacethereby increasing i n f i l t r a t i o n of surface water into
area about 1S75 and cont inued into the 1^20'snorth of t o w n from the I8 l ) ( ) ' s u n t i l the early
Sulfide) were the p r inc ip le ores, although severalthe economic ores
of the area by creating underground voids,or fracture f low, and leasing mine wastes on the
drainage and depleted surface vegetation,the sha l low m o u n d w a t e r system An
estimated 2.0 million cubic yards of mine voids Vtthsurface During the active mining years, water'vasthe ore is located in the same rock formations tl atmining ceased, the mines filled w i t h water as awater inflow through mine shaf ts and subsidence
lin the Galena suhsite remain open to the. continually pumped out of the mines becausecontain the area's shallow aquifer When
of na tu ra l ground wate r recharge and surfaceareas
tesult
Today, the Galena area is underlain by abandoned mines and surrounded by large areas ofmining-related wastes An estimated 1 5 million Cubic yard* of these mine-related wastes arepresent w i t h i n the Galena subsite Numerous Subsidence fea tu re* and open mine shafts, manyfilled w i t h water , are present in and around the town of Galena
I
The Cherokee County Superfund Site WHS proposed for the Nat ional Pr ior i ty List ( N P L )in December 1982 and fmali/ed on the NPLRemedial Invest igat ion/Feasibi l i ty Studyseveral private d r i n k i n g wa te r wells outsidechromium, and nickel above the maximumdrinking purposes under the Safe Drinking Wigoals were exceeded for /inc and manganese.
lember 1()S3 In 1983, the HPA initiated aAs pan of t h i s s tudy, the RPA discovered that
lena, Kan*a* contained levels of lead, cadmium.linant levels (M( ' l . s ) considered safe forAct. A d d i t i o n a l l y , secondary MCLs or MCI.
EPA immediate ly provided those residentswith treatment un i t s for their pr ivate wells until1 a permanent remedy could be implementedFindings from these studies indicated that the Shallow aquifer , w h i c h was u t i l i / ed as the solesource of drinking water by rural area residents!Outside the Galena city limits, had becomecontaminated by heavy metals
2 3 Community Rela t ions
Community and Congressional interest "Cgarding LI 'A * a c t i v i t i e s at the si te have beenhigh Public meetings have been held on a COfl nuing basis th roughout the ongoing a c t i v i t i e sconducted at this site
ft)IC€A group ot legislators formed a taskCherokee County Superfund Site TheLieutenant Governor, four State Senators andrepresenting the City of Galena. Cherokeeof Health and F.nvironment ( K D H EKansas Water Office, L S Bureau of Mines, t.SConservation Service, FPA and citizens.
task fa ce
; County
to help assist coordinat ion of ac t iv i t i es at theis made Lip of 22 people, i nc lud ing the
lepresentative*. a I' S Represen ta t ive and peopler, Kansas National Guard. Kansas Department
KansasR ined Lands Conserva t ion and Reclamation Board,i. Office ot" Surface Mininu . 1.' S Soil
2 4 Description of Contaminants
The primary source of contaminationmetal sultldes in the abandoned mine workingsatmosphere, these metal sul t ldes canwhich increases a c i d i t y The resul t ing
the Galena and either f ive subsites is the residualwaste rock and chat piles I pon exposure to the
become0Ktdized and mobih/e as dissolved compoundsmetal-laden acidic w a t e r , referred to as acid mine dramaue.
can further leach metals from rock, contaminate prareas The acid mine drainage can also surface troughsurface water runoff and ultimately contaminate riversfrom which the rural Galena residents obtain thl r drinkingcontaminated by acid mine drainage The majoiidentified in the ground water prior to any treat! lent
'MCI."Action LevelMC1.G'Secondary MCLug/1 micrograms per Kter or parts per b i l l ion (ppb)
'Ound water and fill mine shafts and subsidencesprings and combine w i t h metal-laden
i, creeks, and lakes The shallow aquifer,ing w a t e r through private wells, has been
contaminants and maximum concentrationsor cons t ruc t ion activit ies were as follows
Criteria
v100'
15"2 ( K ) - . 5 0 '
!()()•
3.0 SELKCTKI) R K M K D Y
In order to expedite an action to provid \Kansas area residents, the LPA provided forOU#01 Subsequent OUs were planned toadl «SSconcerns This allowed HP A to address the UMBta good source of d r i n k i n g wa te r while investij tioisubsites were ongoing Ol '•() 1. which this rBf Wtrural Galena residents ()l ' .v()2 was proposedsince been discont inued and incorporated into 1 liesource control, ground ua te i and surface watesubsites and is being addressed as one project.Ol.'#04 but was later combined with the BaxtO SpringsOl>'05 addresses the source control , ground watersubsite as a follo\s-up to the ()l !«01 remedy.water and surface w a t e r concerns with the Bad jer,
The Ot>'01 remedy consists of providl g(ialena, Kansas The original remedy as outlhl idcollect Water from the deeper uncontaminatedbv the City of Galena and d i s t r i b u t e the watCTl IfO
a safe d r i n k i n g wa te r source for the Galena,initial action under the Alternate Water Supply
the mine was t e areas in (ialena and otherimmediate threat and provide the residents wi thins of the source areas in (ialena and otheraddresses, provides a safe water supply for the
address concerns w i t h the Spring Riser but hasOther opeiable u n i t s ( ) l ' « ( ) 3 wi l l address the
concerns w i t h the Baxter Springs and TrecceTheTreece subsite was i n i t i a l l y designated as
subsite and designated as OL&03and surface w a t e r concerns at the Galena
»U#06 will address the source control, ground', Lawton and \Vaco subsites
a separate wate r supply for the rural residents ofin the l l 'S7 Record of Decision (ROD) was to
LOubidoux aqui fe r through existing wells ownedugh a p ipe l i ne n e t w o r k to homes and businesses
within the subsite, but outside of the current' municipal water system Two city wellswould have been rehabilitated to provide the M iessary water or a new well would have beendrilled if the existing wells could not have been I ehabilitated The wel ls ' chlor inat ion system anddistribution system w i t h i n the Ci ty of Galena Wtuld be operated and maintained by the City ofGalena The water d i s t r ibu t ion system outsideselected by the citi/ens in the new service arct.
he City of Galena would be operated by an ent i ty
However, the local residents voiced munhthe creation of a water source independent finon the Citydistrict was formed, Kansas Rural Water Distrk tdifferences (ESD) was w r i t t e n to modify the H 17an additional area north of Galena to the Galendeep wells would be constructed and maintain^ ;exception, the City of Galena wou ld provide W terci ty in areas not cu r ren t ly sersiced as well as ft)dis t r ibut ion system The reason for these exce| tionsremainder of the service area and it would havethese areas from the new independent system.
Remedial Goals
concern w i t h this idea stating they would preferof Galena Therefore, a new rural water
(RWD) 'f'8. and an explanation of significantROD The ESD. finalized in Ju ly 1989, added
Subsite and modified the remedy One or moreindependent from the City of Galena As an
to residences on the southeastern edge of thetwo other res idents in close proximi ty to the ci ty
is that these areas were isolated from thebeen uneconomical to extend service lines to
The primary goal of the operable unit H (mediation is to provide suitable d r ink ing water tothe population w i t h i n the Galena subsite. Suitl )ledrinking w a t e r is water tha t meets the pr imaryMCl.s, 40 C l; R $ 1 4 1 , as set by the Safe Drin ing Water Ac t , 42 I' S C $ 141 2 at existing watertaps In addition, Kansas Safe Drinking Water Standards. KAR 2 3 - 1 5 - 1 through -10 should bemet to provide safe and suitable drinking water A second indirect, but equally important goal, isto protect the deep aquifer from contamination that could occur as a direct or indirect result ofimplementing an alternative water supply. Thctegoals are compatible with overall site-wide andsubsite remediation uoals
3 2 Chronology of Events
December 2 1 . 1 9 8 7 Record of Decisionsigned, outlining the IKansas residents
for he Alternate Water Supply Operable Unit (t*()\ )id( 1 to provide a iieu water supply to rural Galena.
Februarv 1988
March 1989
The Tinted States Armproceed w i t h the reined al
A new Kansasoperate and maintain!residents near Galena,
Corps of Engineers (COE) was given notice todesign for the a l t e rna te wate r supply-
Rural V Iter District "8 was incorporated in order tolew alternate wa t e r supply system for the ruraKansas
July 1989
July 27, 1989
September 1989
September 1990
December 1990
April 1991
May 1993
August 1993
December 1993
January 1994
The first phase oaddressed the constructkfltwo wate r supply well*.
f the remedial design was completed This phaseof two w a t e r storage tanks and the drilling of
The Explanation o:modificat ions to thethe City of Galenaformed to maintain the trstem
f Sign leant Differences was fmah/ed reflecting thed remedy A wate r source independent from
wouk be developed and a new rural water district was
b*gaConstruction activitiesbegan on the water supp ythe water tank constnid onawarded the contract to
Construction ofthetWOtank has a 400,000 galk)capaci ty
in on the wa te r tanks and drilling activitieswells. P i t t -Des Moines Company was awarded
contract and I.arson Dril l ing Company wasrill the two new wel l s
water storage tanks was completed One watercapacity and the second a 50,000 gallon
Cons t ruc t ion of thetWOnew water s u p p l v wel l s was completed Bothwells were drilled to a< ipth of approx imate^ 1.100 feet The upper 500feet of each well was O cd to protect the deep aquifer from the shallowaquifer contamination < rived from the acid mine drainage
Construct ion of the Wit ITawarded to Slates Cont OlCt
292 homes were attachedoriginal water distributionb i l l i ng rural residentsdiscontinued when hoffl »
Const ruc t ion was comp Ctedsystem Over 57 miles
1'inal Inspection wasto be completed priori
distribution system beganion Companv
The contract was
to the water supply system as outlined by thecontract The Rural Water District #8 began
water I n d i v i d u a l t r ea tment un i t s werewere at tached to the new wa te r supply system
The water distribution Contract was modified to add 1 12 new homes to thewater system
with 404 users at tached to the water supplyf water l i ne was constructed
pt formed A punch list was identified of minor itemscontract completion
4.0 SUMMARY OF RESPONSE ACTIONS
4.1 Construction Activities
Construction activit ies were performedthe water system and to m i n i m i / e project cost.used contractors to implement the major pisupply well dr i l l ing , and water d is t r ibut ionthe work were defined in contract documentdesign contractor, during the design phase,the KDHH, and RWD »8 prior to release forof competitive bidding in accordance with thecontrol cost
4 2 Water Tanks
Pitt-Des Moines Company was corsupply system The COK provided oversight!tanks were constructed The main tank was I1
immediately adjacent to the operation and iA smaller 50,000 gallon capacity tank was<in September 1989 and was completed in
4 3 Water Supply Wells
inder a phased approach to expedite installation ofCOL: acted as the construction manager and
i of the work wa te r t ank construction, watertion The technica l and contractual aspects of
Iges prepared In Bart let t & West, the remedialContractoi documents were reviewed by KPA,ing. All contractors were selected on the basisleral Acquis i t ion Requirements (FARs) to
to construct the two wate r tanks for the waterthe cons t ruc t ion ac t iv i t i e s Two water supply),000 gallon capac i ty u n i t and is located
tenance bui lding southwest of downtown Galenaicted north of Galena Tank construction began
jr 1990
Two wa te r supply wel l s were drilled tOJprovide the w a t e r for the system I.arson DrillingCompany was contracted to dri l l the two wen. Again, the COI-. provided mersight of the drillingactivities Both wells were dulled to a depthOlfapproximatel\ 1 loo feet into the deepRoubidoux aquifer The w e l l s were cased tO ibproximatel\ N»o feet below grade in order toprotect the deep uncontammated aquifer froflllhe shallow aquifer contamina t ion Both wells arelocated southwest of Galena Well construe!!*! began in December 1989 and was completed inDecember 1990
4 4 Water Distr ibution System
The Water d i s t r i bu t i on system wasioversight by the COF. Fifty-seven miles of \pumphouses, one booster pump station, and1
of the construction, 404 total users were :stubs were placed The meter stubs were |a home or business The meter stubs were ifwater d i s t r ibu t ion cons t ruc t ion was initiated!Current ly, there are 447 users and a number i
tructed by Slates Construct ion Company wi thter line was constructed along w i t h two
: operation and maintenance bui lding At the endto the water system and 43 additional meter
on private property to allow for later hookup toJled at the request of the local residents The
i April 1991 and completed in December 1993"available meter stubs
5.0 CURRENT CONDITIONS
The rural water district is currenusers However, as noted during a July 1995addressed There are basically four problemwater losses in the dis t r ibut ion system, contiwhich the pump is installed, a leaking roof inconcerns
tly opef Itional and adequately providing drinking water tovisit, there are secondary problems that must bewhich include the fol lowing unacceptably high
problems w i t h one of the pumps or the well inmain water supply building, and water hardness
itinued
The water d i s t r i b u t i o n system has beenare likely a result of leaks from the piping intapping into the service lines This situationlarge and create an unnecessary expense,data
There is a con t inu ing problem with oneWater Supply System This pump was replaceand is now experiencing d i f f i cu l t y again. Met!the pump excessively vibrates There have Ipertains to the actual pump, the design or inn atof the we l l in w h i c h the pump is installed. THfcproblem
Dtperiencing a t y p i c a l l y high losses These lossesthl distribution system or possibly from individualsmi Bt be investigated as these losses are unacceptably
The Mowing table summan/.es the recent water loss
% \N ater Loss
9%
-> 10_-t-1 -70
I "7°
9° „
)f the two pumps tha t comprise the AlternateOnce in the past due to the same type of problemsshavings arc being obser\ed w i t h i n the wel l andcontinuing questions as to whether the problemion of the pump, or the design or construction
X)E is conduct inu an oimoinu evaluat ion of th i s
The roof of the priman, water supply b lildingconstruction was completed ContractorshtVin order to make repairs to the roof Howevttcorrected The roof was observed to be lealdt (d
The hardness of the water continues to remainmajority of the users are satisfied with the qua ty
has continued to in te rmi t ten t ly leak sincereturned to the bu i ld ing on at least two occasionsthe leaking problem remains and must be
luring the J u l > 19^)5 HPA site \ i s i t
an issue w i t h some of the users Theof the w a t e r and several new users have been
added to the system since construct ion wassmall number of ind iv idua l s who have diiconcerns A review of the hardness data bywithin the upper portion of the normal rangeThe water quality is thus not deemed exithe state The system has alleviated the threatIndividuals who desire softened water havethcWhile the hardness aspect cont inues to be aactions appear to be war ran ted when conSMcomparison to state-wide levels of hardness.
Time Period
April 1995May 1995June 1995JuK 1W5August 1995
CaCO3 Calcium Carbonateppm parts per million or micrograms per!
6.0 STATKMKNT OF PRO IKCTIVEN1
ted H o w e v e r , there have been a re la t ivelyfrom the svstem because of hardnessindicates tha t the q u a l i t y of the water falls
'water supply systems within the State of Kansas1 hard as based on the average water quality for
f consumption of metals impacted watertion of i n s t a l l i n g personal wate r softener uni ts
i to some i n d i v i d u a l s , no addit ional response;the protects eness of the current remedy and the!recent hardness data is provided below
Iness (( ;i( ()3)
374 ppm400 ppm410 ppm405 ppm410 ppm
am (ug, kg I
Operation of the Al ternate Water Supply System since May 1993 has established that thesystem was constructed wi th in the desired specifications and t h a t the remedy is operational andfunctional The basis for this determination if that good q u a l i t v water is being supplied to theresidents of rural Galena, Kansas so the potential health tin eat from dr inking contaminated
fore, the remed\ selected cont inues to protect theshallow aquifer water has been corrected,public health, welfare, and the environment.
7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
The alternate water supply continues to provide an adequate source of drinking water tousers The followinu recommendations are the result of t h i s rev lew
[A a lua te and correct the excessive water losses tha t are occurnim
Eva lua te and correct thepump, or the well
Evaluate and correct the
US with the pump, instal lat ion or design of the
i with the l e a k i n u roof
Continue to monitor concerns re atedpersonal water softeners and iflftirmaas a whole
to hard water and provide information onition on w a t e r svstems in the State of Kansas
8.0NKXT RFAIKNV
Since hazardous substances, pollutant!the cleanup standards established for this nun l imi ted use or res t r ic ted exposure, the EPAAccording to guidance from HPA headquiconducted in September 199-4 since theunder this remedial action began in Septemberguidance for the schedule of the next reviewSeptember 1994 - in September 1999
Contaminants remain at the site at levels aboveaction, and at levels wh ich wil l not allow for
fill conduct a d d i t i o n a l I- ive-Year Reviewsthis statutoiA Five-Year Review should have been
of the physical construct ion of the water tanks1989. The HPA Region VII will follow theBCh should be completed w i t h i n five years after
