CPE/EE 421 Microcomputers: The MSP430 Introduction

CPE/EE 421 Microcomputers: The MSP430 Introduction

Instructor: Dr Aleksandar MilenkovicLecture Notes

CPE/EE 421/521 Microcomputers

2

Outline

MSP430: An Introduction The MSP430 family Technology Roadmap Typical Applications The MSP430 Documentation MSP430 Architecture MSP430 Devices Getting Started with EasyWeb2 MSP430 RISC core


3

The Family

Broad family of TI’s 16-bit microcontrollers from 1Kbytes ROM, 128 bytes RAM (approx. $1 ) to 60Kbytes ROM, 10Kbytes RAM ( $10)

Three subfamilies MSP430x1xx: basic unit MSP430x3xx: more features MSP430x4xx: built-in LCD driver


4

Part numbering convention

MSP430MtFaFbMc Mt : Memory type

C – ROM, F – Flash, P – OTP, E – EPROM Fa,Fb

10, 11 – basic 12, 13 – HW UART 14 – HW UART, HW multiplier 31, 32 – LCD Controller 33 – LCD controller, HW UART, HW multiplier 41 – LCD controller 43 - LCD controller, HW UART 44 - LCD controller, HW UART, HW multiplier


5

Part numbering convention

MSP430MtFaFbMc

Mc : Memory capacity 0: 1 Kb ROM, 128 b RAM 1: 2 KB ROM, 128 b RAM 2: 4 KB ROM, 256 b RAM .... 9: 60 KB ROM, 2 Kb RAM


6

MSP 430 Roadmap


7

Handheld Measurement Air Flow measurement Alcohol meter Barometer Data loggers Emission/Gas analyser Humidity measurement Temperature measurement Weight scales

Medical Instruments Blood pressure meter Blood sugar meter Breath measurement EKG system

Home environment Air conditioning Control unit Thermostat Boiler control Shutter control Irrigation system White goods (Washing machine,..)

Misc Smart card reader Taxi meter Smart Batteries

Utility Metering Gas Meter Water Meter Heat Volume Counter Heat Cost Allocation Electricity Meter Meter reading system (RF)

Sports equipment Altimeter Bike computer Diving watches

Security Glass break sensors Door control Smoke/fire/gas detectors

MSP430 Typical Applications


8An MSP430-Based System

LCD

Switches

RS232 controller

Thermistor

Analog I/O

RS232

2-axes joystick

Adj. Vol. Regul.

LEDs

CKeypad


9

Battery Microcontroller

TI MSP430F149 8-channel 12-bit AD conv.

Accelerometer Movement detection Analog Device ADXL202

Transceiver LINX 916 MHz

Basic WISE

Another MSP430-Based System


10

Tmote Sky Platform

Texas Instruments 16-bit MSP430F149 microcontroller (2KB RAM, 60KB ROM)

Chipcon 2420, 250kbps, 2.4GHz, IEEE 802.15.4 compliant wireless transceiver with programmable output power

Integrated onboard antenna with 50m range indoors and 125m range outdoors

Integrated humidity, temperature, and light sensors


11

Tmote Sky Platform

http://www.moteiv.com


12

MSP430 Documentation

MSP430 home page (TI) www.ti.com/msp430

User’s manual (MSP430x1xx Family) http://www.ece.uah.edu/~milenka/cpe421-06S/docs/

msp430/slau049e.pdf Datasheet

http://www.ece.uah.edu/~milenka/cpe421-06S/docs/msp430/msp430f149.pdf

TI Workshop document http://www.ece.uah.edu/~milenka/cpe421-06S/docs/

msp430/430_2002_atc_workshop.pdf

IAR Workbench Tutorial http://www.ece.uah.edu/~milenka/cpe421-06S/docs/

msp430/iar_tut.pdf


13

MSP 430 Modular Architecture


14

CPU Introduction

RISC architecture with 27 instructions and 7 addressing modes. Orthogonal architecture with every instruction usable with every addressing mode. Full register access including program counter, status registers,

and stack pointer. Single-cycle register operations. Large 16-bit register file reduces fetches to memory. 16-bit address bus allows direct access and branching throughout

entire memory range. 16-bit data bus allows direct manipulation of word-wide arguments. Constant generator provides six most used immediate values and

reduces code size. Direct memory-to-memory transfers without intermediate register

holding. Word and byte addressing and instruction formats.


15

MSP430 16-bit RISC

Large 16-bit register file eliminates single accumulator bottleneck

High-bandwidth 16-bit data and address bus with no paging

RISC architecture with 27 instructions and 7 addressing modes

Single-cycle register operations with full-access

Direct memory-memory transfer designed for modern programming

Compact silicon 30% smaller than an ‘8051 saves power and cost


16

CPU Registers


17

Registers: PC (R0)

Each instruction usesan even number of bytes (2, 4, or 6)

PC is word aligned (the LSB is 0)

MOV #LABEL,PC ; Branch to address LABEL

MOV LABEL,PC ; Branch to address contained in LABEL

MOV @R14,PC ; Branch indirect, indirect R14


18

Registers: SP (R1)

Stack pointer for return addresses of subroutines and interrupts

SP is word aligned (the LSB is 0) Pre-decrement/post-increment scheme

MOV 2(SP),R6 ; Item I2 –> R6

MOV R7,0(SP) ; Overwrite TOS with R7

PUSH #0123h ; Put 0123h onto TOS

POP R8 ; R8 = 0123h


19

Registers: SR (R2)

C: SR(0) Z: SR(1) N: SR(2) GIE (Global interrupt enable): SR(3) CPUOff: SR(4) OSCOff: SR(5) SCG1, SCG0: SR(7), SR(6) V: SR(8)


20

Status bits


21

Constant Generators

As – source register addressing mode in the instruction word


22

CISC / RISC Instruction Set


23

27 Core RISC Instructions


24

Emulated Instructions


25

51 Total Instructions


26

Double operand instructions


27

Single Operand Instruction


28

Jump Instructions


29

3 Instruction Formats


30

Addressing Modes


31

Register Addressing Mode


32

Register-Indexed Addressing Mode


33

Symbolic Addressing Mode


34

Absolute Addressing Mode


35

Register Indirect Addressing Mode


36

Register Indirect Autoincrement Addressing Mode


37

Immediate Addressing Mode


38

Code Reduction Effect of Constant Generator


39

Machine Cycles for Format I Instructions


40

Machine Cycles for Format II/III Instructions


41

MSP430 Memory Model


42

Memory Organization


43

MSP 430 Architecture: A Closer Look


44

MSPx430x14x Architecture

64 TQFP (The The Thin Quad Flat Pack package


45

Basic Clock System

Basic Clock Moduleprovides the clocks for the MSP430 devices


46

Watchdog Timer

WDT module performs a controlled system restart after a software problem occurs

• Can serve as an interval timer (generates interrupts)

• WDT Control register is password protected

• Note: Powers-up active


47

Timer_A

Timer_A is a 16-bit timer/counter with three capture/compare registers

• Capture external signals

• Compare PWM mode

• SCCI latch for asynchronous communication


48

Comparator_A

Comparator_A is an analog voltage comparator

• Supports precision slope analog-to-digital conversions

• Supply voltage supervision, and

• Monitoring of external analog signals.


49

Digital I/O

Independently programmable individual I/Os

• Up to 6 ports (P1 – P6)

• Each has 8 I/O pins

• Each pin can be configured as input or output

• P1 and P2 pins can be configured to assert an interrupt request

01234567

P1.

P6.

P2.

Input Register PxIN

Output Register PxOUT

Direction Register PxDIR

Interrupt Flag Register PxIFG

Interrupt Enable Register PxIE

Interrupt Edge Select Register PxIES

Function Select Register PxSEL

P3.

P5.

Port1Port2

Port3

Port6

yes yes

yes no

yes no

yes no

yesyes

yesyes

yesyes

P4.

…


50

ADC12

High-performance 12-bit analog-to-digital converter

• More than 200 Ksamples/sec

• Programmable sample&hold

• 8 external input channels

• Internal storage


51

USART Serial Port

The universal synchronous/ asynchronous receive/transmit (USART) peripheral interface supports two serial modes with one hardware module

• UART or SPI (Synchronous Peripheral Interface) modes

• Double-buffered

• Baud-rate generator


52

Getting Started with EasyWeb2


53

Getting Started with EasyWeb2//********************************************// MSP-FET430P140 Demo - Software Toggle P2.1//// Description; Toggle P2.1 by xor'ing P2.1 // inside of a software loop.// ACLK = n/a, MCLK = SMCLK = default DCO ~ 800k//// MSP430F149// -----------------// /|\| XIN|- // | | |// --|RST XOUT|-// | |// | P2.1|-->LED//// M. Buccini// Texas Instruments, Inc// January 2002// Built with IAR Embedded Workbench Version:

1.25A// // @Alex Milenkovich, [email protected]// The University of Alabama in Huntsville// February 2005// Modified for easyWeb2 board to blink // the Status led (port P2.1)//********************************************

#include <msp430x14x.h>

void main(void)

{

// Stop watchdog timer

WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD;

P2DIR |= 0x02; // Set P2.1 to output direction

for (;;)

{

unsigned int i;

// Toggle P2.1 using exclusive-OR

P2OUT ^= 0x02;

i = 50000; // Delay

do (i--);

while (i != 0);

}

}

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CPE/EE 421 Microcomputers: The MSP430 Introduction

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