Department of Emergency & Trauma

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

(Basic Life Support)

I. Assess Responsiveness

If not responding, check for

breathing

If not breathing, call for

help / ambulance

II. Check for Carotid Pulse,

if absent - start CPR

III. Start Chest Compression

Push hard and fast

Allow full chest recoil

Minimize interruptions

in chest compressions

IV. Clear the Airway:

Head tilt and chin lift

V. Give two Rescue Breaths

After every 30 chest

compressions

Pushpanjali Crosslay HospitalW-3, Sec-1, Vaishali, Ghaziabad-201012, NCR-Delhi

Phone: 0120-4188000, 4173000

In case of Emergency: 0120-4173002, 4188188

E-mail: info@pch.co.in | Website: www.pch.co.in

If there's no response, follow the CAB procedures and call for

help as follows:

o If you're the only rescuer and CPR is needed, do CPR for

two minutes - about five cycles - before calling ambulance

or your local emergency number.

o If another person is available, have that person call for

help immediately while you attend to the baby.

Circulation:

o Check Pulse: Place two fingers along the artery in front of

the elbow to feel for brachial

pulse. Alternately check for

femoral pulse at groin.

o If Pulse is not present - Begin

chest compressions

o Imagine a horizontal line drawn

between the baby's nipples.

Place two fingers of one hand

just below this line, in the center

of the chest.

o Gently compress the chest to at

least one-third the depth of

the chest.

o Count aloud as you compress in

a fairly rapid rhythm. You should

compress at a rate of about 100

times a minute.

o Give two breaths after every

30 chest compressions. For

two rescuers give 15

compressions followed by

2 breaths

o Perform CPR for about two

minutes before calling for help unless someone else can

make the call while you attend to the baby.

o Continue CPR until breathing & pulse resumes.

Steps: Circulation - Airway - Breathing

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a combination of rescue

breathing and chest compressions delivered to patients in

cardiac-respiratory arrest. When cardiac-respiratory arrest

occurs, the heart stops pumping blood & breathing stops. CPR

supports blood flow to the heart and brain to “buy time” until

normal heart & lung function are restored.

Assessing Responsiveness

o Is the victim responding?

o If the victim appears unconscious, tap or shake his or her

shoulder and ask loudly, "Are you OK?"

o If the person doesn't respond, check breathing by looking

at his chest movements. If he is not breathing or is gasping,

activate Emergency Medical Services / Ambulance or call

for help.

Circulation:

o Check Carotid Pulse by feeling the Adam’s apple in the

midline of neck and move your fingers sideways in the

groove near food pipe. If pulse is absent or you are not sure

in 10 seconds - begin chest compressions.

o Place the heel of one hand over the center of the person's

chest, between the nipples. Place your other hand on top of

the first hand. Keep your elbows straight and position your

shoulders directly above your hands.

o Use your upper body weight (not just your arms) as you push

straight down (compress) on the chest to at least 2 inches.

Push hard and push fast -

@ of 100 compressions per minute.

o After 30 compressions, Give 2 rescue breaths. One cycle

comprises of 30 compressions & 2 breaths. If someone else

is available, ask that person to give two breaths after you

do 30 compressions. Check response only after 5 cycles

of 30:2 - compression: breaths.

o Continue CPR until breathing & circulation is restored or

Emergency Medical Team arrives.

Airway: Clear the airway

o Put the person on his or her back on a firm surface.

o Kneel next to the person's neck and shoulders.

o Open the person's airway using the head tilt-chin lift. Put

your palm on the person's forehead and gently push down

and back. Then with the other hand, gently lift the chin

forward to open the airway.

o If you find a foreign body in the throat, sweep with your

finger to remove it.

Breathing:

o Check for normal breathing, taking no more than 10

seconds: Look for chest rise & fall. Do not consider gasping

to be normal breathing. If the person isn't breathing

normally or you aren't sure, begin mouth-to-mouth

breathing.

o With the airway open (using the head tilt-chin lift), pinch the

nostrils & seal the victim‘s mouth with yours to deliver rescue

breaths.

o Prepare to give two rescue breaths. Give the first rescue

breath - lasting one second - and watch to see if the chest

rises. If it does rise, give the second breath. If the chest

doesn't rise, repeat the head tilt-chin lift and then give the

second breath. Do not force

too much air into the victim.

o If victim is unconscious and is

not breathing but have a

carotid pulse, give rescue

breathing by providing one

mouth to mouth breath

every 5-6 seconds or give

your exhaled breath to the

victim every time you

breathe.

If you find it difficult to give mouth to mouth breathing,

provide continuous chest compressions for 2 minutes before

checking pulse.

The procedure for giving CPR to a child age 1 to puberty is

essentially the same as that for an adult. The differences are as

follows:

o Perform five cycles of compressions and breaths on the

child - this should take about two

minutes - before calling Emergency

medical service, unless someone else

can call while you attend to the child.

o Use only one hand / 2 hands to

perform c hes t compress ions

depending on child’s weight.

o Breaths more gently. For rescue

breathing give one breath every 3 to

5 seconds.

o Compress chest to at least 1/3 of the

depth of chest or approximately 2

inches or 4 cm.

o If you are alone use the same

compression/breath rate as is used for adults: 30

compressions followed by two breaths. For 5 times

before checking pulse. If two rescuers, give 10 sets of 15

compressions followed by two breaths. Continue CPR

until victim's pulse & breathing is restored.

To Perform CPR on A Child

To Perform CPR on an infant

Most cardiac arrests in infants occur

from lack of oxygen, such as from

drowning or choking. To begin, assess

the situation. Assess the responsiveness

of the baby by gently tapping the

shoulder or tickling sole of foot of the

child.