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1

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University of British Columbia

Cpsc 527Advanced Computer Networks

Instructor Dr Son T Vuong

Email vuongcsubcca

The World Connected

Spring 2010 ndash Dr Son Vuong Cpsc 527 2

Information and Organization Instructor Dr Son Vuong

Email vuongcsubcca or stvuonggmailcom

Office Hours M W 2-3 pm

References

Research reportspapers and protocol standard documents

Computer Networks A Tanenbaum ndash 4th Ed Prentice Hall (2003)

Data and Computer Communications W Stallings - 8th Ed (2006)

Computer Networks and Internets (5th Edition) D Comer Prentice Hall (2008)

ldquoComputer Networking A Top Down Approach Featuring the Internetrdquo Jim Kurose amp Keith Ross 5th Ed Addison Wesley 2009

2


Text and Workload Tentative Course Load and Evaluation

1 Project (50)

1 Presentation (15)

Short Quizzes (25)

1 Assignment (10)

Class Participation (Bonus 4)

Use of BlueCT (on Laptop) for interactive participation and learning

Use of Peerwise for prereading and peerwiselearning (CourseID=3109)

httppeerwisecsaucklandacnzatubc_ca


Cpsc 527 Outline

The Internet and TCPIP (including IPv6 Muticasting

ATM congestion control) () Intro to the Internet of Things (IOT)

ext-Generation Internet QoS Scheduling MPLS IntServ DiffServ RSVP

Distributed multimedia systems Compression RTPRTSP VoIP

P2P etworks and Grid Computing

P2P Video-on-demand streaming (BitVampire)

etwork security (Intrusions VPN IPSec VoIP security)

Other hot topics (if time permits)

- Mobile (wireless) communications (Mobile-IP 80211abg

Cellular PAN - Bluetooth Satellites)

- Mobile intelligent agents (WaveNEMO)

- etwork management SNMPv2 RMON2 etc

() Review

3


Review

Overview - Protocol and Service

Internet Protocol Architecture

IPv4IPv6 TCP

Other Internet Protocols


Convergence

Eniac 1947

Telephone1876

Computer+ Modem1957

Early WirelessPhones 1978

First Color TVBroadcast 1953

HBO Launched 1972

Interactive TV 1990

Handheld PortablePhones 1990

First PCAltair1974

IBMPC1981

AppleMac1984

ApplePowerbook

1990

IBMThinkpad

1992

HPPalmtop1991

AppleNewton1993

PentiumPC 1993

Red Herring 1099

4


Game ConsolesPersonal Digital Assistants

Digital VCRs (TiVo ReplayTV)Communicators

Smart TelephonesE-Toys (Furby Aibo)

Divergence

PentiumPC 1993

Atari HomePong 1972

Apple

iMac 1998

Pentium IIPC 1997

Palm VIIPDA 1999

NetworkComputer1996

FreePC 1999

SegaDreamcast

1999

Internet-enabledSmart Phones

1999

Red Herring 1099

Proliferation of diverseend devices and access networks


The Shape of Things to Come

Toyota Pod Concept Car

Co-designed with Sony

Detects driverrsquos skill level and adjust suspension

Detects driverrsquos mood (pulse rate perspiration)

compensates for road rage and incorporates a mood

meter (happy vs angry face)

Inter-pod wireless LAN to communicate intentions

between vehicles such as passing

Individual entertainment stations for each passenger

5


Automobiles663 Million

Telephones15 Billion

Electronic Chips30 Billion

X-Internet

ldquoX-Internetrdquo Beyond the PC

Forrester Research May 2001

93Million

407 Million

Internet Computers

Internet Users

Todayrsquos Internet


0

5000

10000

15000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Millions

Year

XInternet

PCInternet

6


Uses of Computer Networks

bull Business Applications

bull Home Applications

bull Mobile Users

bull Social Issues


Business Applications of Networks

A network with two clients and one server

7


Business Applications of Networks (2)

The client-server model involves requests

and replies


Home Network Applications

Access to remote information

Person-to-person communication

Interactive entertainment

Electronic commerce

Home Gateway Initiative (HGI)

8


Home Network Applications (2)

In peer-to-peer system there are no fixed clients

and servers



Some forms of e-commerce

9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming

What will HGI enablehellip

End to end service delivery

Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10


Mobile Network Users

Combinations of wireless networks and mobile

computing


Classification of Networks

Classification of interconnected processors by scale

11


Network Perspective

Network users services that their applications need eg guarantee that each message it sends will be delivered without error within a certain amount of time

Network designers cost-effective design eg that network resources are efficiently utilized and fairly allocated to different users

Network providers system that is easy to administer and manage eg that faults can be easily isolated and it is easy to account for usage


Inter-Process Communication

Turn host-to-host connectivity into process-to-process communication

Fill gap between what applications expect and what the underlying technology provides

Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions

RequestReply (responsive traffic)

distributed file systems

digital libraries (web)

Stream-Based (non-responsive traffic)

video sequence of frames

14 NTSC = 352x240 pixels (CIFSIF)

(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits

30 fps = 7500KBps = 60Mbps

video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface

Interfaces (Protocol and Service)

PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP

send(IP message) deliver(TCP message)

IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin


The Mail System (Cont)

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave

LelandStanfordedu AthenaMITedu

Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer

OS OSHdrData HdrData

HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD


Where is the next ldquonarrow waistrdquo

What is the InternetldquoItrsquos the TCPIP Protocol Stackrdquo

ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio

TCPIP Access Technologies

Ethernet (LAN)

Wireless (LMDS WLAN Cellular)

Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies

ldquoNarrowWaistrdquo

Transport Services andRepresentrsquon Standards

Open Data NetworkBearer Service

MiddlewareServices

NetworkTechnologySubstrate

17


Lect 1 Peer Instruction Question 10 ndashCharacteristics of Current Internet

What are the characteristics of current Internet

A No time guarantee for delivery

B No guarantee of delivery in sequence or at all

C Each packet is individually routed

D Best effort service

E All of the above

F None of the above


Characteristics of the Internet Each packet is individually routed

No time guarantee for delivery

No guarantee of delivery in sequence or at all

Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission

How to determine when to retransmit Timeout

Need local copies of contents of each packet

How long to keep each copy

What if an acknowledgement is lost

No guarantee of integrity of data

Packets can be fragmented

Packets may be duplicated

18


Layering in the Internet

Transport Layer

Provides reliable in-sequence delivery of data

from end-to-end on behalf of application

Network Layer

Provides ldquobest-effortrdquo but unreliable delivery

of datagrams

Link Layer

Carries data over (usually) point-to-point links

between hosts and routers or between routers

and routers


19



Lect 1 Peer Instruction Question 11 ndash Hub and Switch

What are the differences between a hub and a

switch

A Layer physical layer (repeater) link layer

B Buffering yesno

C Intelligence without CSMACD

D Collision domain single vs multiple

E Forwarding flooding vs self-learning

F Plug-and-play yesno

20


Switch example

Suppose C sends frame to D

Switch receives frame from C

notes in bridge table that C is on interface 1

because D is not in table switch forwards frame into

interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example

Suppose D replies back with frame to C

Switch receives frame from D

notes in bridge table that D is on interface 2

because C is in table switch forwards frame only to

interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21


Lect 1 Peer Instruction Question 12 ndashSwitch Self-Learning

How many copies of the frame from C must be

made for this frame to reach D

Answer

A 3 B 4 C8 D12 E none of those


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22



Now how many copies of the frame from D

must be made for this frame to reach C

Answer



Summary

ISOOSI reference model has seven layers

TCPIP Protocol suite has four layers

Interconnection devices Gateway Router

SwitchBridge HubRepeater

Next lecture IPv4-v6

Then TCP

23


Example TCPIP Internet

R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1

Network 2 (Ethernet)


H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8


Ethernet CSMACD algorithm

1 Adaptor receives datagram

from net layer amp creates

frame

2 If adapter senses channel

idle it starts to transmit

frame If it senses channel

busy waits until channel

idle and then transmits

3 If adapter transmits entire

frame without detecting

another transmission the

adapter is done with frame

4 If adapter detects another

transmission while

transmitting aborts and

sends jam signal

5 After aborting adapter

enters exponential

backoff after the mth

collision adapter chooses a

K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter

waits K512 bit times and

returns to Step 2

24


Ethernetrsquos CSMACD (more)

Jam Signal make sure all other

transmitters are aware of

collision 48 bits

Bit time 1 microsec for 10

Mbps Ethernet

for K=1023 wait time is

about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff

Goal adapt retransmission

attempts to estimated current

load

heavy load random wait

will be longer

first collision choose K from

01 delay is K 512 bit

transmission times

after second collision

choose K from 0123U

after ten collisions choose K

from 01234U1023

Seeinteract with Javaapplet on AWL Web sitehighly recommended


Lect 7 (Ch 5) Peer Instruction Question 71 ndash Bin Exp Backoff

In CSMACD after the 5th collision what is the

probability that a node chooses K=4

Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25


Efficiency of Ethernet (CSMACD)

Efficiency = ____1_____

(1 + 54 αααα)where αααα = tprop ttrans = (Lc) (FR) = LRcF

(L cable length c prop speed R rate F frame size)

Derivation

Efficiency = _____ ttrans _____

(ttrans + tcontention)

Tcontention = tslot Nslots = (2 tprop) (e) = 2e T = 54 T

Nslots= 1Prob (some station acquires channel in the slot) = e


CSMACD efficiency

Tprop = max prop between 2 nodes in LAN

ttrans = time to transmit max-size frame

Efficiency goes to 1 as tprop goes to 0

Goes to 1 as ttrans goes to infinity

Much better than ALOHA but still decentralized

simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

2


Text and Workload Tentative Course Load and Evaluation

1 Project (50)

1 Presentation (15)

Short Quizzes (25)

1 Assignment (10)

Class Participation (Bonus 4)

Use of BlueCT (on Laptop) for interactive participation and learning

Use of Peerwise for prereading and peerwiselearning (CourseID=3109)

httppeerwisecsaucklandacnzatubc_ca


Cpsc 527 Outline

The Internet and TCPIP (including IPv6 Muticasting

ATM congestion control) () Intro to the Internet of Things (IOT)

ext-Generation Internet QoS Scheduling MPLS IntServ DiffServ RSVP

Distributed multimedia systems Compression RTPRTSP VoIP

P2P etworks and Grid Computing

P2P Video-on-demand streaming (BitVampire)

etwork security (Intrusions VPN IPSec VoIP security)

Other hot topics (if time permits)

- Mobile (wireless) communications (Mobile-IP 80211abg

Cellular PAN - Bluetooth Satellites)

- Mobile intelligent agents (WaveNEMO)

- etwork management SNMPv2 RMON2 etc

() Review

3


Review



IPv4IPv6 TCP



Convergence

Eniac 1947

Telephone1876

Computer+ Modem1957



HBO Launched 1972

Interactive TV 1990


First PCAltair1974

IBMPC1981

AppleMac1984

ApplePowerbook

1990

IBMThinkpad

1992

HPPalmtop1991

AppleNewton1993

PentiumPC 1993

Red Herring 1099

4





Divergence

PentiumPC 1993

Atari HomePong 1972

Apple

iMac 1998

Pentium IIPC 1997

Palm VIIPDA 1999

NetworkComputer1996

FreePC 1999

SegaDreamcast

1999


1999

Red Herring 1099













5





X-Internet



93Million

407 Million

Internet Computers

Internet Users



0

5000

10000

15000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Millions

Year

XInternet

PCInternet

6





bull Mobile Users

bull Social Issues




7




and replies






Electronic commerce


8




and servers




9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming



Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

3


Review



IPv4IPv6 TCP



Convergence

Eniac 1947

Telephone1876

Computer+ Modem1957



HBO Launched 1972

Interactive TV 1990


First PCAltair1974

IBMPC1981

AppleMac1984

ApplePowerbook

1990

IBMThinkpad

1992

HPPalmtop1991

AppleNewton1993

PentiumPC 1993

Red Herring 1099

4





Divergence

PentiumPC 1993

Atari HomePong 1972

Apple

iMac 1998

Pentium IIPC 1997

Palm VIIPDA 1999

NetworkComputer1996

FreePC 1999

SegaDreamcast

1999


1999

Red Herring 1099













5





X-Internet



93Million

407 Million

Internet Computers

Internet Users



0

5000

10000

15000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Millions

Year

XInternet

PCInternet

6





bull Mobile Users

bull Social Issues




7




and replies






Electronic commerce


8




and servers




9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming



Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

4





Divergence

PentiumPC 1993

Atari HomePong 1972

Apple

iMac 1998

Pentium IIPC 1997

Palm VIIPDA 1999

NetworkComputer1996

FreePC 1999

SegaDreamcast

1999


1999

Red Herring 1099













5





X-Internet



93Million

407 Million

Internet Computers

Internet Users



0

5000

10000

15000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Millions

Year

XInternet

PCInternet

6





bull Mobile Users

bull Social Issues




7




and replies






Electronic commerce


8




and servers




9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming



Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

5





X-Internet



93Million

407 Million

Internet Computers

Internet Users



0

5000

10000

15000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Millions

Year

XInternet

PCInternet

6





bull Mobile Users

bull Social Issues




7




and replies






Electronic commerce


8




and servers




9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming



Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

6





bull Mobile Users

bull Social Issues




7




and replies






Electronic commerce


8




and servers




9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming



Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

7




and replies






Electronic commerce


8




and servers




9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming



Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

8




and servers




9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming



Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

9


Home environment

Ho

me

Ne

two

rks

WiFi

Bluetooth

Ethernet

PLT

Coax

Audiovisual

Telephony

Portable

Domotics

Gateway

Internet

High Speed Access

Service

platform

Service

platformxDSL

CATV

Wireless

FTTH


Internet

Home Gateway

PC

Voice services

Security

Entertainment

Personal content

Gaming



Security

ServicesQoS control

Service integration

Device Management

Home

Network

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

10




computing




11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

11


Network Perspective








Host Host

Application

Host

Application

Host Host

Channel

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

12


IPC Abstractions







(352 x 240 x 24)8=2475KB = 2 Mbits


video applications

on-demand video

video conferencing


Host 1

Protocol

Host 2

Protocol

High-level

object

High-level

object

SERVICEinterface

Peer-to-peer

Interface


PROTOCOL

SERVICEinterface

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

13


IP

TCP


IP

TCP


ISO Architecture

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

One or more nodes

within the network

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Network

Data link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

End host

Network

Data link

Physical

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

14



15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

15


The Mail System

Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin



Nick Dave

Stanford MIT

Admin Admin

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Link Layer

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

16


The Internet

Nick Dave


Network Layer

Link Layer

Application Layer

Transport Layer


HD

HD

HD

HD HD

HD




ApplicationsWeb

Email

VideoAudio


Ethernet (LAN)


Cable

ADSL

Satellite

TCPIP

Applications

AccessTechnologies




MiddlewareServices


17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

17








E All of the above

F None of the above





Things get lost

Acknowledgements

Retransmission








18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

18



Transport Layer



Network Layer


of datagrams

Link Layer



and routers


19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

19





switch


B Buffering yesno





20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

20


Switch example





interfaces 2 and 3

frame received by D

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEG C

11231

12 3


Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

21





Answer



Switch example





interface 1

frame received by C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B C DE

FG H

I

address interface

ABEGCD

112312

1

2 3

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

22





Answer



Summary






Then TCP

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

23



R1

ETH FDDI

IPIP

ETH

TCP R2

FDDI PPP

IP

R3

PPP ETH

H1

IP

ETH

TCP

H8

R2

R1

H4

H5

H3H2H1



H6

Network 3 (FDDI)

Network 4

(point-to-point)

H7 R3 H8





frame











transmission while


sends jam signal


enters exponential



K at random from

0122m-1 Adapter


returns to Step 2

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

24





collision 48 bits


Mbps Ethernet


about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff



load


will be longer



transmission times


choose K from 0123U


from 01234U1023






Answer

A18 B116 C132 D164 E none

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

25






Derivation






CSMACD efficiency






simple and cheap

transprop tt 51

1Efficiency+

=

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