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Sreya chandran v
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cpu and execution of instruction.
Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees ofbaabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not officialdocument of baabtra –Mentoring PartnerBaabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt . Ltd
CPUCPU is the brain of computer where most calculations are take place.CPU carries out the instructions of a computer program to performthe basic arithmetical , logical and input output operation of thesystem.
Control Unit
ALU
Memory Unit
Input Devices Output Devices
Instruction Cycle
Fetch Decode
ExecuteWrite Back
Example program : Addition of two numbers
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
Instruction address
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 1
100 LOAD A,2000
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 2
100 LOAD A ,2000
100
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 3
104
100
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 4
104 LOAD B,2004
100
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 5
104 LOAD B,2004
100 50
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 6
108
100 50
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 7
108 ADD A,B,C
100 50
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 8
108 ADD A,B,C
100 50 150
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 9
112
100 50 150
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 10
112 STORE C,2008
100 50 150
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 11
112 STORE C,2008
100 50 150
LOAD A,2000
LOAD B,2004
ADD A,B,C
STORE C,2008
100
104
108
112
100
50
150
2000
2008
2004
Memory location
PC IR
A B C
ALU
Step 12
Registers• Instruction decoder
• Program counter(PC)
• Instruction register(IR)
• Process status register
• Accumulator
• General purpose register
• Memory address register
• Memory data register
• Address decoder
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