Cr and-vm-reduced

CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEWAND VIRTUAL MOCKUPS

BIM for Constructability Review of Building Envelopes:Examples and Best PracticesDace A Campbell AIA LEED AP // BNBuildersDace A. Campbell, AIA, LEED AP // BNBuilders

Virtual Mockups: A Collaborative SolutionRick Khan, LEED AP // Mortenson Construction

BNBuildersSignificant work inSignificant work in collaborative, integrated delivery

Integrated Project Delivery

Founded in 2000

Headquartered in SeattleSan Francisco San Diego Portland Montana Design-Build

GC/CMNegotiated work

Key markets

San Francisco, San Diego, Portland, Montana

$300+ million in annual volume

250+ employees Key marketsLife Science and ResearchHealthcare / Medical FacilitiesPublic / Civic SpacesOffices and Corporate HeadquartersEd ti (K 12 d Hi h Ed ti )

250 employees

$10K-$70M projects

National Recognition Education (K-12 and Higher Education)Mixed-Use FacilitiesHospitalityCommercial / Retail

National Recognition2010 - ENR Top 400 Contractor2009, 2008, 2007 - AGC of America Construction Safety Excellence Award2008 - Winner of AGC’s Grand Award for

BIMIn use since 2006Applied to $500M and 2M s.f. in new constructionF PE’ d S t BIM

Safety Excellence for Mid-Size Companies2008 ENR Best of the Best Award for Project Management2008 AIA BIM Award

Focus on PE’s and Supts as BIM usersRecognized as national and local leader

© Copyright 2011 Mortenson Construction

Mortenson Construction

Family owned and operated since 1954

Headquarters in Minneapolis, MN

Seven Geographic office Locations

Five industry-specific operating groups

International operations in China

2,200 team members

Leadership, stability & financial growth

$2.3 Billion in Revenue - 2010

Strong repeat customer base


Mortenson VDC Timeline


Constructability Review and Virtual Mockups

WHY BIM?

CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW

BEST PRACTICES

VIRTUAL MOCKUPSVIRTUAL MOCKUPS

WHAT’S NEXTWHAT S NEXT


WHY BIM?

Why BIM?

We’re inefficient30-60% waste

We’re unproductive40-year decreaseManufacturing sectors have doubled

Source: CII & LCI 2004

We’re wastefulConsume 40% of global raw materialsg

We’re deadly4 deaths in construction daily

Why BIM?BIM as simulation

Unlike manufacturing, there is only one chance to “get it right” in constructionthere is only one chance to get it right in constructionMockups are expensive and time-consuming

BIM is a “virtual prototype”Build it virtually to perfect the product and process

Simulate the building to:Increase Reduce

ConfidenceUnderstandingCommunication

Delivery timeProject costWasteInjuriesju esConflicts & RFIs

Why BIM?

Don’t do rework.

Do prework.

“Top 10” Uses of BIM in Construction

0 Design Visualization1. Surveying2. Design Assistance &

Constructability Review3 Site Planning & Site Utilization3. Site Planning & Site Utilization4. “4D” Scheduling and Sequencing5. “5D” Model-Based Estimating6. Subcontractor/Supplier

Communications7. Systems Coordination7. Systems Coordination8. Fabrication and Installation9. Prefabrication10.Operations and Maintenance

“Top 10” Uses of BIM in Construction

0 Design Visualization1. Surveying

Analyze and test “means and methods” while preserving design intent2. Design Assistance &

Constructability Review3 Site Planning & Site Utilization

design intent

Quality control of design documents3. Site Planning & Site Utilization

4. “4D” Scheduling and Sequencing5. “5D” Model-Based Estimating

BIM exposes potential errors and omissions in design documentation

Design assistance6. Subcontractor/Supplier Communications

7. Systems Coordination

Design assistance and detailing

Ensure design can be built to meet targeted schedule, cost, and quality7. Systems Coordination

8. Fabrication and Installation9. Prefabrication

quality

Virtual MockupsPrototype complex details and inter10.Operations and Maintenance details and inter-disciplinary assemblies for quality control


CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW

Laboratory Expansion and T.I.

WEST ELEVATION

DESIGN COORDINATION MODEL

CURTAINWALL SECTIONCURTAINWALL SECTION

L2 STRUCTURAL FRAMING PLAN

CURTAINWALL SILL DETAILL2 ENLARGED WEST STAIR PLAN



Library and City Hall

Library and City Hall

Five Community Libraries

Five Community Libraries

Community Youth CenterBuilt detailed model of cornerBuilt detailed model of corner condition based on architect’s 2D section detailsAnalyzed condition as designed: complicated formwork vs. trades out of psequenceDeveloped alternative detail and submitted to design team for review and approval

Laboratory Core and Shell


Construction SequencingConstruction Sequencing

Campus Outpatient Clinic Expansion


EXIST 1936 EXIST 1936NEW 2010EXIST 1936BUILDING

EXIST 1936 BUILDING

NEW 2010 ADDITION

ROOFING MEMBRANE


ALUMINUMSCREEN FRAME VAPOR BARRIER

RIGID INSULATION

ROOFING MEMBRANE

ROOF SHEATHING

SCREEN FRAME

ALUMINUMPANEL SYSTEM

VAPOR BARRIER

RIGID INSULATION

EXTERIOR SHEATHING

METAL DECK W/ CONCRETE

TOPPING

METAL STUD FRAME

STRUCTURAL STEEL

ACTWINDOWS

Tribal Early Childhood Education Center

Community College Science Building

Community College Science Building

Concrete elevated deckCurtain wall embedsPlumbing deck penetrationsPost-tensioned cablesShear stud railsMild steel reinforcement

Tribal K-12 School CampusSt t l t l h llStructural steel vs. hollow metal door and window frames(4) unique conditions repeated throughoutrepeated throughout campusFinding these issues saved up to 6 weeks of delay


ARCHITECTURAL DETAIL

2nd FLOOR SLAB CURB

SHOP DRAWING DETAILED COMPOSITE MODEL

Enabled BNB to discover and resolve discrepancies between design intent and means/methodsTo fix this in the field would have cost $25,000 in rework, weeks of delayNot catching this would have meant certain failure of the building enclosureEliminate conflicts reduce rework lower costs = happy subs and higher quality workEliminate conflicts, reduce rework, lower costs = happy subs and higher quality work

Brewery/Winery/Food FacilitySupporting design dialogue in detailingAsking and answering RFI’sAsking and answering RFI s

Brewery/Winery/Food Facility

Model used to study interface between plaster, roofing, and parapet capRoofing/Plaster/Flashing details being worked out by teamusing Revit design model & SketchUpCollaborative problem-solving “means and methods” togetherSolution developed, printed, and signed-off in meeting

Tribal Behavioral Health ClinicInconsistent design docs

Uncoordinated footing depthsComplicated brick ledgersComplex pourback conditions at exterior column locations

Details Revised

Tribal Behavioral Health ClinicIsolate and analyze a single scope of work

Create task-specific views of the modelp

Illustrate and clarify design docsSupport RFIsPreserve design intent

Generate Field DrawingsPlans, Sections, & 3DPlans, Sections, & 3DReference complete details in construction docsComplete dimensions – no math in the field!11” x 17” for easy duplication and laminationApproval/sign-off for QC

Make installation clear and obviousColor-codedEasy to understand “IKEA” instructionsEasy to understand IKEA instructions


BEST PRACTICES

BIM “Rules of Engagement” for Building EnclosuresBNB’s suggested best practices for using BIMin design and construction

Apply “Lean” principlespp y p pAssume interdisciplinary collaboration, even IPDPrepare models anticipating “downstream” use by future parties

Best practices based on real-world experienceBy applying BIM to $500M of construction30+ projects with several A/E’s and ownersAcross wide range of building types and delivery types

For your consideration on future projectsy p jNot a “manifesto,” just a work-in-progressPublished regionally and nationallyTargeted towards designers and ownersWill inform our next generation of contractsBNB wants your feedback!

1. Model FirstBuild the model first, then draft over 2D extractions

Draft only to format graphics

ABC

or to add, but not change, information

In this workflow, there should be no discrepancies between models & drawings in terms of:

scopesizelocationnumber of objects/componentsnumber of objects/components

Any discrepancies between the model and drawingsshould be limited to level-of-detail

For BNB, we are responsible for noting discrepancies discovered between models/drawings, design team is responsible for reconciling them

* Discipline is required to for newbies not to stray from “new” workflow

2. Share the ModelShare the source model data with others

Publish it at moments “frozen” in time consistent with document delivery milestones (50% DD, etc)( , )

Ask for the model from others, upstream and downstreamp

All model data to be compatible with industry standardsy

For BNB, acceptable file formats include RVT, DWG, NWC, IFC

PDF’s and screenshots helpful for visual reference, but not much more

* A/E’s have concern about ability to “lock down” proprietary information like custom families

3. Assign ResponsibilityDetermine early who is responsible for modeling which project

scope (and when)

Ideal: Do It YourselfIf you would traditionally draw/design something, then you should be the one to model ityExample: architect would model plumbing or electrical fixtures, engineer would model pipes/conduits connecting to them)

Model it only onceNo duplicate elements between disciplinesFor BNB we can check accurate quantities and generate estimatesFor BNB, we can check accurate quantities and generate estimates

* Most BIM software doesn’t inherently support this way of working* Most BIM software doesn t inherently support this way of working, we need creative workarounds to borrow/copy data between disciplines

4. Level of DetailAccuracy is more important than detail

Minimum suggested detail in the model is consistent with what would traditionally be shown in drawing setsy g

1/8” scale plans, sections, elevations1-1/2” scale detail plans/sections

Abstractions for some shapes are okay as long as everything is in the right place

Example: extrusion cross-section of windowlli t i t t t l filmullion not as important as external profile

Do not use dimension overridesFor BNB we can transfer XYZ coordinates from the model to northing eastingFor BNB, we can transfer XYZ coordinates from the model to northing, easting, elevation points for survey/layout

* Some BIM software is good with LOD control,Some BIM software is good with LOD control,and warns against dimension overrides

5. Model Standards & Digital HygieneCoordinates

Determine, publish, and promote a single project originDo NOT rely on Revit “shared coordinates” which are not exportable downstream y pto other applications

Publish the relationship between the building/grid and a site datum (like the state plane coordinate system or local survey datum)

For BNB, sea-level for Z=0 is preferred for construction layout, but not critical if the design team picks another vertical datum

N iNamingKeep file names consistent and overwrite themDo not include dates within the file nameInstead archive backups in folders with dates/descriptions

* These practices are fundamental to file sharing and collaboration, p g ,and shouldn’t be new to most teams with good CAD standards.

6. PhasingManage “phases” to distinguish work conditions:

Existing to-remainDemolitionDemolitionProposed work

* Consistent with traditional A/E scope of work, d i f d fil i f d l dand important for downstream filtering of model data

7. Support Bid PackagesOrganize and structure the model in a way

that reflects anticipated bid packages

For BNB, we can include colored, highlighted views of the model to supplement traditional bid packagesOther work can be shown halftone or transparent for referenceOther work can be shown halftone or transparent for referenceBeyond geometry, leverage the “I” in BIM

VS.

* E d t diti l A/E d li bl* Exceeds traditional A/E deliverables,but easily accomplished with thoughtful use of BIM tools

8. Reflect Means and MethodsBuild the model anticipating typical construction means & methods

Avoid using “cheats” or shortcuts to represent an objectif there is a better BIM component/family available

Example: don’t use Revit curtain walls for doors or punched windows Example: don’t use Revit walls to wrap columns

Model structural and architectural elementsto reflect likely construction logic

For BNB e can pro ide inp t regarding constr ction joints and seq encingFor BNB, we can provide input regarding construction joints and sequencingExample: don’t use a single 4-story concrete column if it will be site-cast as (4) one-story columns, but a 2-story steel column is okay if that’s the way it’s fabricated/erected

Details still best left to detailers

* There’s more than one way to model, but often there is a “best” way

9. Revisions: Managing ChangeDevelop a strategy early for revision control during design and construction

Publish models in (near) real-time with frequent/nightly data transfers so everybody has (nearly) live and up to date data at all timeshas (nearly) live and up-to-date data at all timesUse technology that supports collaboration, not just allows communicationFor BNB, a common/shared project server is superior to frequent postings and downloads with an FTP site

Team should determine how to manage changes to the design (or as-builts) during/after coordination and construction

* Revision control and management continues plague our industry. Not unique to BIM, but cultural issues magnified by the technology.

10. Test early, test oftenImmediately, all team members contribute sample, representative data to be compiled and coordinated

Verify alignment of geometry in single master model

Supplement early model submissions with screenshots from your pp y ynative software so others can verify what they see (versus what you hope they might see)

* Not unique to BIM, just common sense!


VIRTUAL MOCKKUPS

Building what’s next.© Copyright 2011 Mortenson Construction

Mortenson ConstructionVirtual Mockups – A Collaborative SolutionRick Khan, LEED APSenior Integrated Construction Manager

San Diego, CAFebruary 10, 2011


IntroductionsWhat are Virtual Mockups How do we use Virtual Mockups Physical Mockup vs. Virtual

Mockup Project Case Studies Safety planning / Construction

Sequencing Quality plan / Inspections Subcontractor model

coordination / Physical Mockup

Value of Virtual Mockups

Why?

Virtual Mockups: Agenda

How?What?

Increase CollaborationIncrease Communication

Increase Planning

Eliminate Interpretation


2D or 3D - You be the judge…

The answer maybe obvious…


Virtual Mockup? (VM)

Level of Development = 400 (AIA E202 model progression spec)Model elements are modeled as specific assemblies, accurate in terms of quantity, size, shape, location, and orientation. Model elements are virtual representation of the proposed element and are suitable for construction.

Highly detailed 3D model used as the central medium of collaboration to resolve constructability issues virtually prior to construction activities


How?

High Risk Planning - Enclosure

Quality Planning / Inspection

Safety Planning

Physical Mockup Review

Construction Sequencing

Micro Level 4D

Integrating:

Owner

Design Team

Construction Team

Virtual Mockups – 3D Constructability

Effective Virtual problem solving through Collaboration


How?

PLAN Project team identifies high risk areas

Gather data from all sources

SIMLATE Verify data

Generate 3D Model

Identify problems

Review Integrated team meetings

Model = Live meeting minutes

Distribute updates to team

Approve Document solutions – Shop Drawings

Individual party approval per scope

Construction team implementation

Virtual Mockup Process

Start with the End in Mind!

3D VirtualMockup

MortensonConstruction

CM/GC

Owner

DesignTeam

TradeContractors

ProductManufacturer

PLAN

SIMULATE

REVIEW

APPROVE


Why?

Physical Mockups

Non collaborative approach

Inefficiencies of physical mockup process


1800 Larimer Office BuildingDenver, Colorado

Physical Mockup

Most projects require a physical mockup per the contract which may include an exterior and/or interior mockup

Problems uncovered during construction of physical mockup One physical mockup doesn’t address

all conditions! Delays actual constructable solutions Expensive – time, material, labor Wasteful – usually destroyed

Limitations of a Physical Mockup


Why only build one Physical Mockup…

When you can build multiple virtual mockups for a fraction of the cost!


Virtual Mockup should be used as part of the Physical Mockup planning process!

Virtual Mockup & Physical Mockup

3D VirtualMockup

CM/GC

Owner

DT

SUBS

P/F

PLAN

SIMULATE

REVIEW

APPROVE


This Virtual Mockup provided a VALUE ADD to the physical mockup requirement!



Project Case Studies

Safety Planning / Construction Sequencing

Ballard Medical Office BuildingSwedish Medical Center Completed

Customer

HealthCare Real Estate Solutions / Swedish HealthArchitect

CallisonConstruction Cost

$35 million

Location

Ballard, Washington

Size

90,000 sf


Quality / Safety Planning

Micro level 4D – High Detail

Focus on the install sequence

Safety Planning integration

Pinch points

Material Handling

Worker access / movements

Equipment movement

Scaffolding

Trade workflow

Integrated Work Planning

Micro level 4D allowed us to plan effectively for the entire building.



Quality / Inspection PlanExempla Lutheran Medical CenterNorth Pavilion AdditionCompleted

Customer

Exempla HealthcareArchitect

H+L ArchitectureConstruction Cost

$143 million

Location

Wheat Ridge, CO

Size

295,000 SF addition


Quality / Inspection Plans

Integrated Work Plan – Roof / Expansion Joints

5 high risk areas were identified b/w new and existing 2D design details did not address direction change Multiple trades involved in expansion joint construction Conflicting constructability solutions prior to VM process


Quality Plan / Inspection

Integrated Work Plan – Roof / Expansion Joint


3D VirtualMockup

CM/GC

Owner

DT

SUBS

P/F

PLAN

SIMULATE

REVIEW

APPROVE





3D VirtualMockup

CM/GC

Owner

DT

SUBS

P/F

PLAN

SIMULATE

REVIEW

APPROVE





3D VirtualMockup

CM/GC

Owner

DT

SUBS

P/F

PLAN

SIMULATE

REVIEW

APPROVE





3D VirtualMockup

CM/GC

Owner

DT

SUBS

P/F

PLAN

SIMULATE

REVIEW

APPROVE





3D VirtualMockup

CM/GC

Owner

DT

SUBS

P/F

PLAN

SIMULATE

REVIEW

APPROVE



Subcontractor Coordination / Physical MockupRalph L. Carr Colorado Judicial CenterIn Progress

Customer

Trammell CrowArchitect

Fentress ArchitectsConstruction Cost

$195 million

Location

Denver, CO

Size

600,000 SF


Subcontractor Coordination / Physical Mockup

Fast Track Schedule

Construction activities begin before design completion

Virtual Mockups process becomes part of design completion / constructability solution

Subcontractor providing LOD 400 Enclosure Models per MC Contract

Clash Detection between enclosure scopes

Spray Foam Insulation Physical Mockup

Bridging the overlap between design and Construction

Subcontractor Model Scopes:

Gage - Precast

Cold Spring / Gallegos – Handset stone

Trainor – Curtain wall / Glazing

Mortenson – Cast in Place Concrete

Zimmerman - Steel



Physical Mockup – VDC IWP work packages Integrating design and construction team in

collaborative problem solving for design detailing

Design team provide higher level design detailing as result of integrated work flow

Early Virtual Mockups prior to design completion

Virtual Mockup assisted in completion of design detailing,eliminating interpretation and

potential re-work



New level of enclosure modeling LOD 400 Required new coordination efforts Performed clash detection between trades

Stone vs. Precast Precast vs. Steel supports Stone/Precast vs. Concrete (wall base

conditions/haunch beam) Precast Foam Insulation vs. Others Steel Fire Proofing vs. Others

Subcontractor Enclosure Coordination



Spray Foam is a high risk activity Complex design and constructability of

enclosure required further investigation Construction team Virtual and Physical

Mockup solved critical application issues

Spray Foam Insulation VM & PM

1

23


Value of Virtual Mockups

Plan the Work, Work the Plan!

Increase CommunicationIncrease Collaboration

Eliminate Interpretation

Increase Planning


Cost Aversion Example

1800 Larimer Office BuildingDenver, Colorado

Enclosure Cost of one physical Mockup = $56,700 Constructed 1st and then problems were resolved

Cost of Physical Mockup

PHYSICAL MOCK-UP COSTPrecast: $22,000Curtain Wall: $25,000Framing: $5,000Caulking: $1,200Foundation: $3,500 TOTAL $56,700


Cost Aversion Example

Reduce waste = greener solution Saved time, material, labor = owner cost! Increased visual communication and

collaborative solution for all project stakeholders

Value of Virtual Mockup

Let’s say that we had to build 4 physical mockups to capture all the conditions on the enclosure to

address the high risk factors!Cost Aversion Calculation:

Cost of PM $56,700 x 4 = $226,800Cost of 4-VM - $11,680

$215,120Minus cost of 1 PM - $56,700Cost aversion = $158,420


WHAT’S NEXT

What’s Next

All BIM, all the time

LEGALLEGALModel-sharing more prevalent in AEC

CULTURAL“Old school” designers and builders changing habits, changing careers

REGULATORYAgency review

PHYSICAL“Paperless construction” at project sitesPaperless construction at project sites trending towards Augmented Reality

OPERATIONAL“6D” f BIM“6D” use of BIM to support facilities operations and maintenance

Thank youThank you

[email protected] d Kh @M [email protected]

Date post:	23-Jan-2015
Category:	Technology
Upload:	joaograzina
View:	276 times
Download:	1 times

Cr and-vm-reduced

Technology