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Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

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Major Causes of Crane Accidents

• Contact with power lines

• Overturns• Falls• Mechanical failures

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Feb 2007. A poorly designed foundation was the primary cause of the tower crane collapse in Bellevue, a deadly construction accident that spurred state lawmakers Friday to introduce crane-safety bills that would rank among the toughest in the nation.

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• Instability – unsecured load, load capacity exceeded, or ground not level or too soft

• Lack of communication - the point of operation is a distance from the crane operator or not in full view of the operator

• Lack of training

• Inadequate maintenance or inspection

How Do Accidents Occur?

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Cranes, Derricks

• Cranes and derricks.

• Helicopters.

• Material hoists, personnel hoists, and elevators.

• Base-mounted drum hoists.

• Overhead hoists.

• Conveyors.

• Aerial lifts.

Let's look inside…

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1926 Subpart N - Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

.550(a)(6) Annual inspection of hoisting machinery

OSHA'S MOST FREQUENTLY CITED VIOLATIONS

A thorough, annual inspection of the hoisting machinery shall be made by a competent person, or by a government or private agency recognized by the U.S. Department of Labor.

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The employer shall maintain a record of the dates and results of inspections for each hoisting machine and piece of equipment.

MOST FREQUENT OSHA VIOLATIONS

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1926 Subpart N - Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

.550(a)(9) Swing radius at end of crane barricaded

Accessible areas within the swing radius of the rear of the rotating superstructure of the crane, either permanently or temporarily mounted, shall be barricaded in such a manner as to prevent an employee from being struck or crushed by the crane.

MOST FREQUENT OSHA VIOLATIONS

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1926 Subpart N - Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

.550(a)(1) Cranes and Derricks - Manufacturers' specifications

MOST FREQUENT OSHA VIOLATIONS

The employer shall comply with the manufacturer's specifications and limitations applicable to the operation of any and all cranes and derricks.

Where manufacturer's specifications are not available, the limitations assigned to the equipment shall be based on the determinations of a qualified engineer competent in this field and such determinations will be appropriately documented and recorded.

Attachments used with cranes shall not exceed the capacity, rating, or scope recommended by the manufacturer.

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1926 Subpart N - Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

.550(b)(2) ANSI Requirements

All crawler, truck, or locomotive cranes in use shall meet the applicable requirements for design, inspection, construction, testing, maintenance and operation as prescribed in the ANSI B30.5-1968, Safety Code for Crawler, Locomotive and Truck Cranes.

However, the written, dated, and signed inspection reports and records of the monthly inspection of critical items prescribed in section 5-2.1.5 of the ANSI B30.5-1968 standard are not required.

Instead, the employer shall prepare a certification record which includes the date the crane items were inspected; the signature of the person who inspected the crane items; and a serial number, or other identifier, for the crane inspected.

The most recent certification record shall be maintained on file until a new one is prepared.

MOST FREQUENT OSHA VIOLATIONS

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1926 Subpart N - Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

.550(a)(15)(i) Clearances between powerlines and equipment

OSHA'S TOP 25 MOST FREQUENTLY CITED VIOLATIONS

For lines rated 50 kV. or below, minimum clearance between the lines and any part of the crane or load shall be 10 feet;

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1926 Subpart N - Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

.550(a)(15)(i) Employees kept clear of loads

OSHA'S TOP 25 MOST FREQUENTLY CITED VIOLATIONS

All employees shall be kept clear of loads about to be lifted and of suspended loads.

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Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

Swing radius at end of crane barricaded

Accessible areas within the swing radius of the rear of the rotating superstructure of the crane, either permanently or temporarily mounted, shall be barricaded in such a manner as to prevent an employee from being struck or crushed by the crane.

MOST FREQUENT OSHA VIOLATIONS

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Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

Clearances between powerlines and equipment

OSHA'S TOP 25 MOST FREQUENTLY CITED VIOLATIONS

For lines rated 50 kV. or below, minimum clearance between the lines and any part of the crane or load shall be 10 feet;

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Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

Employees kept clear of loads

OSHA'S TOP 25 MOST FREQUENTLY CITED VIOLATIONS

All employees shall be kept clear of loads about to be lifted and of suspended loads.

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Cranes, Derricks, Hoists

That's it!

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1. Which sign below is cited more than any other by OSHA?

a. dangerb. exitc. instructionald. traffic

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