Crane Sling MSHA1

8/3/2019 Crane Sling MSHA1

1/52

CRANES, SLINGS,& YOU

They can do a lot of work


2/52

They can do a lot of damage

CRANES, SLINGS,& YOU


3/52

Idle Cranes

Cranes that have been idle, must be

inspected and tested before beingplaced back in service using the criteria

that applies to periodic inspection.

Special attention should be given to thehook, lifting chain and wire rope.

Review the manufacturers s ecific ins ection re uirements!


4/52

Altered Cranes

Cranes that have been altered or repaired

must be inspected and tested. If loadsustaining parts are altered or repaired, a

load test should be conducted to verify the

rated load capacity of the crane. Report

issued by a qualified person and kept on

file.


5/52

Load Testing

When load testing, the test load cannot

exceed 125 percent of the rated load.Hoists & cranes should be operated anumber of times at various positions.Report issued by testing organizationgiving the conditions under which systemwas load tested.


6/52

Preventive

Maintenance1. Clean & lube wire rope & chain

2. Adjusting brakes

3. Checking & filling gear cases levels4. Replacing any contaminated oils

5. Lube bearings, gears, pinions, linkages, & shafts

6. Adjusting operation of limit switches7. Clean & replace pitted/burned electrical contacts

8. Cleaning or replacing air & fluid filters

9. Inspecting all controls & warning systems


7/52

General Pre-Op Test

1. Disconnects are known before any test

2. Get help if youre not familiar with the cranes

3. Follow manufacturers recommendations4. Follow Checklist

5. Inspect electrical controls

6. Check for obstructions in cranes travel path

7. Test proper operation of controls

8. Observe for smooth operation of components

9. Never unwind spool completely

10.Check upper & lower limit switches


8/52

Hook Pre-op Test

1. Replace if deformed or cracked

2. Check for proper function of safety latch

3. Inspect for twists from plane of unbent hook4. Check for proper swivel

5. Hook repair is not recommended

6. Emergency hook repair must be performedonly under competent supervision

7. After any hook repairs, hook must be loadtested before being returned to normal

service


9/52

Rope Pre-op Test

1. Reduction in rope diameter

2. Broken or worn outside wires

3. Corroded or broken wires at end ofconnections

4. Severe kinking, crushing, cutting or

unstranding5. Corroded, cracked, bent, worn, or

improperly applied end connections


10/52

Lockout-Tagout

1. Review individual crane requirements

2. Integrate lockout & maintenance

requirements3. Lockout-tagout training

4. Written program established & reviewed

5. Ask manufacturer for lockout devicerecommendations

6. Devices not always interchangeable

between different cranes

LOCKEDOUT

This Lock/Tag mayonly be removed by

NAME: __________DEPT : __________COMPLETIONDATE: ___________TIME: ____________

DONT OPERATE

DANGER


11/52

Crane Safety BasicsNever allow a co-worker

between a fixed objectand a load!

2TON

DANGER

WORKINGCRANES


12/52

The feeder waslowered to theground, resting in anunsecured position.The feeder rolled on

its side, pinning thevictim against thewall of an adjacent

control booth.

Fatalgram


13/52

The employee was in the process ofloading a conveyor onto the trailer of histruck using the truck's crane. The cableattached to the conveyor slipped off thehook of the crane causing the conveyor to

bounce off the trailer and crush the victimwho was standing between the crane andthe trailer. He died from crushing injuries.

Fatalgram


14/52

Know the safe travel

radius of the crane.Contact withelectrical sources or

other hazards canresult in catastrophicconsequences.

Safe Working Radius


15/52

Load Chart


16/52

Even when properly trained, equipment

properly maintained, & employees work in a

safe manner, accidents can still occurbecause crane operations are dependant on

mechanical devices that can fail. The results

can be catastrophic. You are the onlycontrolling influence that can minimize the

hazard. Your life literally is in your own

hands!

Crane Safety Basics


17/52

1. No history of unsafe acts in workplace

2. Mature & safe attitude

3. Ability to react quickly in an emergency4. Drug & alcohol free

5. Good depth perception

6. Good hearing and vision7. Thoroughly trained

8. Understand lift requirements

9. No medication that will interfere with operation

OperatorRequirements


18/52

Safe Practices1. Test controls & brakes at start of shift2. Dont operate unsafe cranes or hoists

3. Test brakes by a short lift to ensurecontrol

4. Move loads only after being signaled by

designated, qualified signaler


19/52

1. Never carry loads over anyone

2. Never carry loads past anyone

3. Signalers in line-of-sight of operator

4. No riders on loads or hooks

5. No unauthorized person operating crane6. Lockout before maintenance or repairs

7. Frequently inspect cranes

Safe Practices


20/52

1. Hook directly over load before lifting

2. Document & maintain inspection records

3. Check warning devices & signals4. Signalers must watch load

5. Operators must watch signalers

6. Know travel path in advance of lift7. Know where to set down load

8. Will new location support weight

Safe Practices


21/52

FatalgramThe employee was using a truckequipped with a hydraulic boom to

position a tire on the hub of acaterpillar loader. The tire fell off thehook and struck the employee on hishead and neck.


22/52

FatalgramThree steel plates weighing nearly 6,000pounds were tied together by one nylon

strap. They were lifted about 5 feet by acrane in order to slide a second straparound them. The truck driver walkedunder the suspended load, and at that

moment, the strap around the steel platesbroke. The plates fell striking the victim.He died from head injuries.


23/52

FatalgramA cement take-up pulley weight for aconveyer was being lifted into position by a

crane. To lift the weight, straps wereattached to four pins that had been set intothe cement weight. The employee was ridingon the 3,000 pound weight as it was being

lifted. One of the pins pulled out of theweight causing the employee to lose hisbalance and fall 35 feet to the ground. Hedied from sustained injuries.


24/52

1. Only one person is designated signaler

2. Maintain line-of-sight with operator

3. Operator acknowledges every signal

4. Stop operation if comprehension is lost

5. Operators must watch signalers6. Plan in advance where load is going

7. Will new location will support the weight

Signaler SafePractices


25/52

1. Raise hooks to limit switches

2. Place controls in off position

3. Place main power switch in off position

4. Visual check for dangerous conditions

5. Report defects immediately

6. Tagout defective equipment immediately

7. Report cranes not in operation

8. Follow manufacturers recommendations.

Leaving or Parking


26/52

1. Size, weight, & center of gravity of load

2. Number of sling legs

3. Angle sling makes with horizontal line4. Rated capacity of sling

5. History of care & usage of sling

Lifting Factors


27/52

1. Crane hook must be directly above

center of gravity

2. If crane hook is too far to one side ofcenter of gravity, dangerous tilting and

unequal stress to sling leg will result

Size, Weight, &Center of Gravity


28/52

1. Rated capacity varies depending upon

type of sling, size of sling, & type of hitch

2. Consult with manufacturer3. Older slings must be used with additional

caution

4. Sling charts based on new sling usage.

Capacity of Sling


29/52

1. Mishandling & misuse of slings are

leading cause of sling-related accidents

2. Proper care essential for maximumservice & safety

3. Always protect slings with cover saddles,

burlap padding or wood blocking toprevent sharp bends & cutting edges.

Care & Usage


30/52

1. Use a Dynamometer

2. Check shipping papers

3. Check nomenclature plates4. Use industry standard tables or charts

5. Consult equipment manufacturer

6. Estimate using weights of similar loads7. Never lift based on a guess

8. Stay within 50% of cranes rated capacity

when estimating loads

Estimating LoadWeight


31/52

1. Chains

2. Wire Rope

3. Fiber Rope

4. Synthetic Web

5. Cargo Nets.

Rigging & Slings

Each type hasadvantages anddisadvantages!


32/52

Consult with manufacturer concerning

load capacities, usage methods,restrictions and other pertinent data forspecific types of slings

Rigging & Slings


33/52

1. Never load in excess of rated capacity

2. Never use a damaged sling

3. Never pull sling from a suspended load4. Never shorten with knots

5. Suspended loads clear of everyone

6. Suspended loads clear of obstructions7. Hands & fingers clear of loads

8. Protect slings from sharp edges of load

9. Think before you affect a load.

Rules for Slings


34/52

Remove from service if:

Wire RopeInspection

1. 10 distributed broken wires

2. Five broken wires on one strand3. Kinking, crushing, or bird caging

4. Evidence of heat damage

5. End attachments cracked,deformed, or worn

6. Hooks opened > 15% of the normal

throat opening or twisted > 10%


35/52


1. Defective or questionable welds

2. Bending or elongation of chain links

3. Cracked or deformed links

4. Missing or removed identification tags

5. End attachments cracked, deformed, worn

6. Other suspected unsafe conditions

Chain Inspection


36/52


1. Acid or caustic burns

2. Age deterioration (drying/cracking)

3. Melting or charring of sling surface

4. Snags, tears or cuts exposure of colored

thread

5. Missing or removed identification tags

6. Other suspected unsafe conditions

Web SlingInspection


37/52

1. Clean sling

2. Check for damage

3. Follow proper storage rules4. Leave in good condition for next lift

5. Report damaged or defective slings

6. Follow proper disposal or replacementprocedures

After The Lift


38/52

1. Dry environment, out of sunlight

2. Off floor or ground

3. Hung from hooks to prevent tangling

and easy access

4. Away from electrical sources5. By type - dont mix steel chain slings

with synthetics

6. In a controlled area

Slings Storage


39/52

Consult with the sling manufacturerconcerning how sling angles affect loadcapacities for different types of slings.

Sling Angles

1000lb 1000lb 1000lb


40/52

1. Angle of sling affects sling load capacity

2. Greater sling angle, greater stress

3. Multiple sling affects load capacity4. Type of sling used is a factor

5. Consult with manufacturer for proper

usage.

1000lb 1000lb 1000lb

Sling Angles


41/52

Two SlingsThe use of twoslings, each

supporting thesame amount ofweight and having

the same supportangle results inequal distributionof the load weight.

500lbs 500lbs

1000lb0 Angle


42/52

Sling AngleWith Vertical

Stresses Per Sling Leg1000 lbs Total Load

0 500

5 50210 50815 51820 53225 55230 57735 610

40 65345 70750 77855 87260 100080 2880

1000lb

30

577lbs 577lbs

30 Angle

Sling Angles


43/52

1000lb

707lbs 707lbs

45 Angle

1000lbs 1000lbs

1000lb60 Angle

Sling Angles


44/52

BA

1. Measure the distance on one sling for the same number

of units as the capacity of the sling in tons (Distance A).2. Measure the vertical distance from the point located in to

the load in tons. (Distance B).3. The number of units in this vertical distance (B) is the

working load for the sling.

Sling AnglesThe carrying capacity decreases as the spread between theslings increases. To determine the capacity of each sling ina bridle hitch:


45/52

B

A

A = 2 ft. (or any unit) (2 Ton Sling Capacity)B = 1.5 ft.

Working Capacity of Each Sling = 1.5 Tons

Note: The individual sling capacity must bemore than half of the total load weight

Sling Angles


46/52

Protecting Slings

Protect slingsagainst sharp

edges


47/52

HAND SIGNALSHoist load:

1. Forearm vertical

2. Forefinger pointing up

3. Move hand in small

horizontal circular

motion


48/52

Lower load:

1. Arm downward

2. Forefinger pointing

down

3. Move hand in small

horizontal circular

motion

HAND SIGNALS


49/52

Boom Travel:

1. Arm extended forward

2. Hand open and slightly

raised

3. Make pushing motion

in the direction of travel

HAND SIGNALS


50/52

Stop:

1. Arm extended2. Palm down

3. Move arm sideways,

rapidly back & forth

HAND SIGNALS


51/52

Emergency stop:

1. Both arms

extended

2. Palms down

3. Move both arms

sideways rapidly

back & forth

HAND SIGNALS


52/52

ProtectiveEquipment

1. Appropriate for the particular hazards

2. Maintained in good condition

3. Properly stored when not in use

4. Kept clean, fully functional, and sanitary

Date post:	07-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	walt-flowers
View:	217 times
Download:	0 times

Crane Sling MSHA1

Documents