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LESSON

5 LECTURE

RIGGING SAFETY

SUB-OBJECTIVE 

At the end of the Lesson the Trainees i!! "e a"!e to des#ri"e itho$t errorRi%%in% Safet&'

(') FORE*OR+

The Law requires that all Chains, Ropes and Lifting Tackle shall beexamined by a Competent Person every six months !hen not in use,therefore, all lifting tackle should be carefully stored in the properplace so that it may be easily located and made available when

inspections or tests are due

Remember, that the safety of yourself and others depends upon thecondition of the tackle used, so report doubtful equipment to your"upervisor and never mistreat appliances

,') RULES - GENERAL

# $ach item of equipment must be examined before usedefective appliances must be brought to the attention ofyour "upervisor

% &o chain, rope or other appliance may be used for anyload exceeding the "afe !orking Load '"!L( stampedon the appliance or as shown in the charts and in thetables shown in the Lifting Tackle "tores

) *nder no circumstances must the load exceed the ratedcapacity of the Crane

+ !here possible, learn the weight of the load and theweight of your Lifting Tackle, since the total weight to be

lifted is the sum of the two lways use Tackle of ampledimensions when loads of unknown weight are to belifted

- The Crane .ook must be positioned over the load toprevent the load swinging when raised Clear andcorrect signals must be given to the Crane /river by the"linger or authori0ed person responsible for the lift&ote1only authori0ed person to give the signal to theCrane /river for any specific lift "ee 2ig #31-1# forhand signals from slingers to crane operator

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSEMODULE 9

LESSON 5 PAGE1CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALS

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3 4ake sure that the load is free before lifting and avoidbeing trapped when the strain is taken .alt the lifting ofthe load after it has been raised a few inches to ensurethat it is securely slung before continuing with the lift

5 void carrying the load over the heads of persons andwhere necessary warn persons in the vicinity to keep

clear

6 !ire Rope "lings and Chains must never be shortenedby tying knots in them, or by wrapping them around theCrane .ook, neither must Chains be 7oined or shortenedby means of 8olts or !ires *se the correct length of"ling or approved device for ad7usting the length of the"ling

9 "ling should be protected from sharp edges by soft woodor other suitable packing Care should also be taken to

avoid loads resting on "lings as this will causedeterioration "ee 2ig #31-1- and 2ig #31-13

#: The Crane must not be allowed to move with "lingstrailing from the .ook in a dangerous manner !herelow headroom etc, limits the use of the full length of a2ibre Rope "ling, the excess must be hitched back in asafe manner

## ll end links, rings or shackles should ride freely uponthe Crane .ook

#% !hen multi1slings are used, each leg of the "ling should,wherever possible, be loaded evenly "lings of sufficientlength should be selected to avoid flattened anglesbetween legs but not of such length as to seriouslyreduce headroom

#) The "afe !orking Load of a "ling is reduced by thewidening of the angle between legs of "lings !henlifting slabs, plates, reels or bulky ob7ects care must betaken to ensure that the angle of the "ling does not

exceed the stated angle "ee 2ig #31-1% ; #31-1) Theeffect of on "lings when changing the angle and also see2ig #31-1+ .ow to reduce the load on "lings

#+ load must never be carried loosely in the loop of a"ling, or "lings 4ake sure the bight is properlyad7usted

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CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALSLESSON 5 PAGE2

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15. <n no account must any person ride the .ook or travel onany part of the load being carried by a Crane, except whenauthori0ed passenger carrying equipment is used, eg8osun=s Chair, Cradle etc

Fi%' (-5-('

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSEMODULE 9

LESSON 5 PAGE3CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALS

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*IRE RO.E SLINGS

# !ire Rope "ling, the eye of which has been made by a>Liverpool "plice> one formed by twisting the strandsaround the lay of the rope, must never be used singlybecause when loaded the rope is liable to untwist, thusallowing the splice to open and split

% !ire Ropes should be kept lubricated and not allowed tobecome rusty Check the condition of them on receiptand return to the store after use so that they can beproperly maintained

) !ire Rope must not be used if the number of visiblebroken wires appear to be excessive and should bereported to your "upervisor

FIBRE RO.E SLINGS

# 2ibre Rope "lings must be inspected before use andfrequently checked whilst in use !hen stored, theyshould be hung to avoid contamination by moisture,acids etc

% *ntwisting the strands at intervals of several feet toexpose the interior should inspect ropes and any seriousdefects reported to your "upervisor

EYEBOTLS - C/AC0LES ETC

# <nly the proper pin must be used in "hackles Loosebolts, bars etc, must not be used

% *se eyebolts with a collar wherever possible, ensuringthat the eyebolt is screwed down fully "ling directly fromthe eyebolt and never pass the leg of a "ling throughmore than one eyebolt

SLING ANGLES

The stresses in the legs of a sling increase as the angle between themincreases *sing the human body and two buckets filled with water itis not difficult to demonstrate the effects of lifting a load at narrow andwide angles The arms represent slings and lift angles

Fi%' 1-5-,' shos the ar2s 3erti#a! and a reasona"!& eas& !iftin%#ondition'

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CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALSLESSON 5 PAGE4

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Fi%' 1-5-,'

Fi%' 1-5-4' shos the ar2 stret#hed "e&ond its !i2it' The "od&and s!in%s are not desi%ned to tae ne#essar& strains'

Fi%' 1-5-4'

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSEMODULE 9

LESSON 5 PAGE5CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALS

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Fi%' (-5-6' Effe#t of an%!e on s!in%s'

4') 7OVE7ENT AN+ STAC0ING OF LOA+S

# lways be alert for the movement of road and rail traffic

whilst slinging loads, especially when stacking onstationary vehicles or wagons The driver of a vehicleshould apply the hand brake prior to loading or off1loading operations ?n the case of trailers, check that thehand brake is applied and@or wheels scotched

% "tack materials securely and make provision wherenecessary for its subsequent removal

) $nsure that there is a firm foundation for the stack andallow for the removal of slings without disturbance

8ricks are not reliable packing

) !agons should not be overloaded and care should beexercised to avoid pro7ections when placing loads onwagons, as this could cause danger in transit

+ Centre the load onto trucks, trailers, etc, to avoid thepossibility of tipping Load to the /rivers instructions

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CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALSLESSON 5 PAGE6

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- 4ake full use of suitable wedges when stacking reels,drums bars, pipes etc

3 void obstructing gangways when stacking materials andnever stack loads within ) ft of rail lines

6') .RO.ER USE OF SLINGS

6'( SLINGS AN+ /ITC/ES

The type of sling or hitch to be used should be determined from theshape of the load and by the flexibility, and condition of the rope orwire ?n lifting multiple ob7ects

"uch as a load of lumber or steel sheathing, the sling should bind onthe load sufficiently to prevent slipping of the individual pieces

?n handling single pieces, such as timbers, posts or piles, a timberhitch with % half hitches 'or a similar hitch( should be used

?n using rope as straps for hooking on to tackle blocks there should bethe same number of parts of rope in the strap as there are movingparts in the tackle

2or instance, if triple block tackle is used, there should be six parts ofrope for the strap

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSEMODULE 9

LESSON 5 PAGE7CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALS

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Fi%' 1-5-5'

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Fi%' 1-5-'

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LESSON 5 PAGE9CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALS

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5') SLINGING 7ET/O+ AN+ BALANCING T/E *EIG/T

Reeving "ling using single sling A Lifting short lengths of tube, bars orrods "afety 1 ensure materials closely packed before lifting

Fi%' 1-5-()'

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Reeving "ling using two slingsA lifting tubes, bars or rods

Fi%' 1-5-(('

/ouble !rap "lingsA the /ouble !rap "ling grips the load and helpsto prevent the load from slipping side ways out of the sling

Fi%' 1-5-(,'

SLINGING 7ET/O+S

Cradle "lingA lifting coils of strip steel"afety 1 packing should be used on all sharp edges

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSEMODULE 9

LESSON 5 PAGE11CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALS

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Fi%' 1-5-(4'

Cradle "lingA lifting boilers and packing cases

Fi%' 1-5-(6'

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Fi%' 1-5-(5'

Fi%' 1-5-(5

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSEMODULE 9

LESSON 5 PAGE13CRANES AND LIFTING MATERIALS

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8UESTIONS

# True or 2alse The law requires that all chains, rapes and lifting tackleshall be examined by a competent person every six months

% True or 2alse s general safety rules their is no need to examinedeach item be for use

) True or 2alse '"!L( means "afe working load

+ True or 2alse *nder emergency circumstances load can beexceeded the rated capacity of the crane

- True or 2alse The crane must be positioned over the load to preventthe load swinging when raised

3 True or 2alse void carrying the load over the heads of persons

5 True or 2alse The safe working load of a sling is increased by thewidening of the angle between legs of slings

FILL IN T/E BLAN0S'

6 2ibre rope slings must beBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBbefore use andfrequentlyBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBwhilst in use

9 <nly the proper BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBmust be used in shacklesLooseBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB, BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBetc must not beused

#: "lings should be protected from BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBedges by soft BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBor other suitable packing

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