Created by Amy Perez. Mediterranean Sea Corrupt Government High taxes, inflation, unemployment,...

The Byzantine Empire

Created by Amy Perez

http://www.websters-online-dictionary.com/clipart.asp?q=Byzantine%20architecture&w=c

Remember Rome?

Mediterranean Sea

CONSTANTINOPLE

Corrupt Government

High taxes, inflation, unemployment, disease

Military Decline

Invasions by barbarian tribes

• Deteriorating after 1,000 years• Invasions led to a new capitol

Empire Divides After Constantine

East West

Western Empire falls in 476 A.D.

The Dark Ages begin(The Middle Ages)

War

Disease

FeudalismIgnorance

Western Empire falls in 476 A.D.

The Dark Ages begin(The Middle Ages) But in

the East…

War

Disease

FeudalismIgnorance

Eastern Empire becomes

And lasts for 1,000 years

Center of LearningPhilosophy

Medicine ArchitectureTrade

Law Code

ByzantiumReasons for Survival

Location Culture Government Military Army

Reasons for Decline Emperor Justinian

Restoring the EmpireCode of LawsHagia Sophia

A New ChristianityEastern vs. WesternPatriarchIconsThe Schism

Capital: Constantinople

• Surrounded by water on 3 sides• Thick walls surrounded city• Center of trade

– Traders came on land and water from various regions of the world (Europe, Africa, and Asia)

MAP SKILLS1. What might prevent or slow an invasion into Constantinople from the west?2. What are the benefits of conquering Constantinople?

Constantinople in A.D. 550


Location Culture Government Large Army




Why the Byzantine Empire Survived

Large ArmyMerchants and common

people were taxed to provide for an army

CulturesByzantium blended Roman, Greek, Middle Eastern, and

Christian cultures.

Strong GovernmentStrong laws helped

emperors rule with absolute power. They controlled the

State and the Church.

Constantinople’s LocationFavorable location for trade

and defense; between Europe and Asia; brought

great wealth.

Why did it Decline?

InvasionsFrequent attacks from all sides shrank the size of the empire

Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453

The CrusadesArmies of knights from Western Europe pillaged the capital

Mysterious Plague of JustinianBroke out in 542 A.D. killing

thousands each dayPlague returned every 8-10

years, decreasing the population






BREAK!Preventing Death by Lecture

• Everybody run in place• Keep running, and find a partner– Older student is partner 1– Younger student is partner 2

• Partner 1: List 4 reasons why the Byzantine Empire survived

• Partner 2: List 3 reasons why the Byzantine Empire declined

• When you have listed your reasons, stop running in place and return to your desk

EMPEROR JUSTINIAN

• Educated, wise, strong ruler• Extended rights to women

– Buy and own land, financial freedoms

• Improved the capital by building:– Walls, bridges, parks, public baths, a palace,

courts, schools, hospitals, churches, and markets






Restoring the EmpireByzantium

Reasons for Survival Location Culture Government Large Army




• Justinian’s army regained control of Italy and restored the Roman Empire once again

Code of Justinian• Justinian organized Roman laws into a single code

which served for 900 years New laws added:

RELIGION: Required all persons to belong to the Eastern Orthodox Church






The CodeContained 5000 Roman laws

The Digest50 volumes of legal opinion

The InstitutesTextbook for law students

The NovellaeNew laws passed after 534 A.D.

Code Consisted of 4 Works

Hagia Sophia• Beautiful churches showed

connection between Church and State

• Hagia Sophia (“Holy Wisdom”) was rebuilt after riots and became the emperor’s crowning glory

• Rich mosaics of saints and Jesus glittered in candle light






Interior Dome of Hagia Sophia

Christianity DividesByzantium





Preview: What might cause a church to divide against itself?

Differences Between Eastern and Western Christianity






West: Roman Catholic

East: Eastern Orthodox

Services in Latin Services in Greek or local language

Pope has authority over all bishops

The patriarch and other bishops head the church as a group

Pope claims authority over all kings and emperors

Emperor claims authority over the patriarch and bishops

Priests cannot marry Priests can married

Divorce is not allowed Divorce is allowed

• The leading bishop in the east• Bowed to the emperor– Emperor ruled over patriarch

The PatriarchByzantium





What is an Icon?

• Religious images used in worship and ceremony to aid devotion

• Orthodox churches decorated with icons






The Schism• In 1054, the Pope and the Patriarch

excommunicated each other






Christianity was permanently divided between the Roman Catholic Church in the West and the Orthodox Church in the East

Roman Catholic Pope

Benedict

Eastern Orthodox Patriarch

Bartholomew

MODERN CONNECTIONS:Today, the heads of both Christian Churches show goodwill towards one another

though there is no movement to reunite the churches.

1. What do these two men seem to be doing?2. In what ways are they alike?

3. What differences separate them?

Influence on Russia• Russia was

greatly influenced by Byzantium– Orthodox

Christianity– Cyrillic alphabet– Crafts and

products

• In the 9th century, Russia emerged as a state centered around the city of Kiev


Location Culture Government Military Army




The Byzantine Empire

Created by Amy Perez

http://www.websters-online-dictionary.com/clipart.asp?q=Byzantine%20architecture&w=c

Date post:	30-Dec-2015
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Created by Amy Perez. Mediterranean Sea Corrupt Government High taxes, inflation, unemployment,...

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