Creative Shooting - Manual Mode

Today, we will learn…✤ Exposure:

✤ Shutter Speed✤ Aperture✤ ISO

✤ The Exposure Triangle

Manual Mode

EXPOSUREIn photography, exposure is the amount of light in your image.

Exposure can be determined by three key factors: Shutter Speed Aperture ISO

OVER-EXPOSED✤ Too much light results in over-exposed images where there are areas of bright white

✤ These areas contain little or no detail or colors

✤ This can be used as a creative tool or seen as a mistake – this will depend on what you are trying to convey in your image

UNDER-EXPOSED✤ Too little light results in under-exposed images where there are areas of excess darkness

✤ These areas contain little or no detail or colors, often no contrast

✤ Again, this can be used as a creative tool or seen as a mistake depending on your subject and intention

EXPOSURE✤ Your goal: to capture correctly exposed images using the Manual Mode settings of a DSLR camera

✤ Achieve this through learning and applying knowledge of:

✤ Shutter Speed✤ Aperture✤ ISO

✤ Shutter Speed refers to how fast or slow your camera shutter will open to receive light

✤ It is measured in seconds and fractions of seconds, for example;✤ 1/1000th second = fast shutter, less

light✤ 15 seconds = slow shutter, more

light

SHUTTER SPEED

✤ Shutter Speed also controls how much motion blur is in your image

✤ Slow shutter speed (i.e. 1/15) = more motion blur, blurrier image

✤ Fast shutter speed (i.e. 1/1000) = less motion blur, sharper image

1/15 1/60 1/250 1/1000

SHUTTER SPEED

More light Less light

More motion blur Less motion blur

15s 8s 4s 1s ½ ¼ 1/8 1/15 1/30 1/60 1/125 1/250

1/4 1/40 1/1000

1-5 minute Shutter Speed

36 minute Shutter Speed!

✤ What are some subjects you could photograph where a fast shutter speed would be appropriate?

✤ What are some subjects you could photograph where a slow shutter speed would be appropriate?

BRAINSTORM

✤ Is this a fast or slow shutter speed?

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE…

✤ Is this a fast or slow shutter speed?


✤ Aperture refers to the diaphragm within your camera lens, and how big or small the opening is

✤ Smaller opening = less light✤ Larger opening = more light✤ Measured in f-stops

✤ Smaller f-stop number = more light✤ Larger f-stop number = less light

APERTURE

✤ Aperture also controls your depth of field (how much of the image is in focus)

✤ The smaller the f-stop (larger aperture) the less or narrower depth of field

✤ The larger the f-stop (small aperture) the more or wider depth of field


Narrow DOF Wide DOF

✤ Aperture and Depth of Field can be confusing – it’s almost backwards

✤ The lower f-stop number = a larger opening… BUT that = less in focus

✤ The higher f-stop number = a smaller opening… BUT that = more in focus

✤ Let’s come up with a trick to remember this confusing setting…

✤ What are some subjects you could photograph where f/2.8 would be an appropriate aperture?

✤ What are some subjects you could photograph where f/22 would be an appropriate aperture?

BRAINSTORM

✤ What f-stop is this photo?


✤ What f-stop is this photo?


PUTTING IT TOGETHER✤ The Shutter Speed and Aperture work together – remember

they both control how much light gets into your camera✤ If you want a fast shutter

speed you may need to have a lower f-stop (larger aperture opening)

✤ And, if you want a slower shutter speed you may need to have a higher f-stop (smaller aperture opening)

✤ ISO refers to how sensitive your camera’s digital sensor is to light

✤ It is measured in doubling or halving the previous ISO stop;✤ 100 ISO = less sensitive✤ 3200 ISO = very sensitive

ISO

✤ ISO also controls how much grain (noise) is in your image

✤ Low ISO (i.e. 100) = less noise, smoother/cleaner image

✤ High ISO (i.e. 3200) = more noise, more grain

ISO


More noise Less noise

6400 3200 1600 800 400 200 100

ISO

✤ 100-200: Outside, bright sun✤ 400: Shade, overcast

conditions✤ 400: Bright light indoors✤ 800-1600: Stormy day, dusk✤ 800-1600: Low light indoors

CHOOSING AN ISO

✤ What are some subjects you could photograph where an ISO 100 would be appropriate?

✤ What are some subjects you could photograph where an ISO 1600 would be appropriate?

BRAINSTORM

✤ Was this photo taken with ISO 100 or a ISO 1600?


✤ Was this photo taken with ISO 100 or a ISO 1600?


PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER

✤ Now – Aperture, Shutter Speed and ISO all work together – remember Aperture and Shutter Speed control how much light gets into your camera, and ISO is your camera’s sensitivity to that light

f/3.2ISO 100

1/8 sec shutter speed

f/2.8ISO 3200


f/2.2ISO 3200


f/2.2ISO 400


✤ In order to achieve excellent results, you need to think about all three exposure elements

✤ An imbalance of any of the elements can create an underexposed or overexposed image

Exposure

Aper

ture

Shutter Speed

ISO

BACK TO EXPOSURE

EXPOSURE TRIANGLE

USING MANUAL SETTINGS✤ If you have a DSLR

camera, you can adjust the shutter speed, aperture and ISO to affect the lighting, mood and overall look of your images

✤ These settings give you greater control than a point-and-shoot camera

CAMERA SETTINGS✤ DSLR Cameras have Auto settings and Manual settings – for

this assignment you will only use the Manual settings

Auto or Point and Shoot Modes

Manual or Creative Modes

PROGRAM MODE✤ Shutter Speed and Aperture are set in unison automatically

✤ When you change the shutter speed, the aperture changes automatically

✤ When you change the aperture, the shutter speed changes automatically

✤ You can set the ISO as desired

P

PROGRAM MODE P

Shutter Speed

Aperture/f-stop

ISO

Note: this is specific to Canon brand cameras, image may vary slightly from school camera model

SHUTTER PRIORITY MODE✤ In TV mode, you control the shutter speed

✤ By turning the main dial on your camera, you can adjust the shutter speed to your liking based on your subject and/or the amount of light in the scene

✤ The aperture will set automatically


TV

SHUTTER PRIORITY MODE TVShutter Speed

ISO


✤ In AV mode, you control the f-stop/aperture

✤ By turning the main dial on your camera, you can adjust the f-stop

✤ The shutter speed will set automatically


APERTURE PRIORITY MODE AV

APERTURE PRIORITY MODE AV

Aperture/f-stop

ISO


✤ In M mode, the aperture and the shutter speed can be altered.

✤ By turning the main dial on your camera, you can adjust the shutter speed.

✤ By holding down the AV button on the back of the camera and then turning the main dial, you can adjust the aperture


MANUAL EXPOSURE MODE M


Main dial

AV button



Shutter Speed

Aperture/f-stop

ISO


CANON REBEL T5

CANON REBEL T5

CANON SHOOTING MODES

NIKON SHOOTING MODES

✤ Shutter Speed✤ Use Shutter Priority (TV) mode✤ Shoot a minimum of 20 pictures experimenting with the shutter speed

✤ Choose a moving subject and photograph it with a range of shutter speeds

✤ Choose subjects in high or low light and photograph them with a range of shutter speeds

✤ I want to see over, under and perfect exposures✤ I want to see movement & stillness✤ REMEMBER to change the ISO as needed based on your lighting

PRACTICE

PRACTICE✤ Depth of Field

✤ Use Aperture Priority (AV) mode✤ Shoot a minimum of 20 pictures experimenting with the aperture

✤ Choose subjects that have depth or are at different distances from the camera and photograph them with a range of apertures/f-stops

✤ Experiment with adjusting the aperture to focus on different elements, and then have them all in focus

✤ I want to see creative uses of aperture and depth of field✤ I want to see proper exposure in all pictures✤ REMEMBER to change the ISO as needed based on your lighting

PRACTICE✤ Manual Exposure

✤ Use Manual Exposure (M) mode✤ Shoot a minimum of 20 pictures experimenting with shutter speed &

aperture✤ Choose subjects where you want control over both the shutter speed and

the depth of field✤ This mode will be more challenging as you have to adjust your shutter

speed as you adjust your aperture, and vice versa✤ I want to see experimentation in exposure and depth of field✤ I want to see a least 5 properly exposed photographs with image

enhancing focus✤ REMEMBER to change the ISO as needed based on your lighting

SKETCHBOOK – Part 1✤ Brainstorm a minimum of 10 possible subjects you could

photograph for each shooting mode you will practice:✤ 10 subjects for Shutter Priority✤ 10 subjects for Aperture Priority✤ 10 subject for Manual Exposure

✤ Subjects for each mode should be different and related to how the shooting mode works✤ i.e. person riding bicycle for Shutter Priority – blur, no blur

SKETCHBOOK – Part 2✤ Find a minimum of 3 visual examples for each shooting

mode✤ Choose images that may be similar to the subjects you

already brainstormed✤ Print the images (minimum total of 9) and attach them to

sketchbook pages✤ NOTE: it may be a good idea to dedicate one sketchbook

page to each mode – brainstormed subject list and visual examples are together on the same page

HOW WILL THIS WORK?✤ If you have your own DSLR camera you can complete this

assignment anytime before the due date✤ If you borrow a DSLR camera from the school, you will sign it

out for one week anytime before the due date✤ I have 3 DSLR cameras you may borrow✤ Each student will sign one camera out for one full week✤ REMEMBER there are only 11 weeks before this project is

due, DO NOT wait until the last minute to borrow a camera!✤ Think about your plans… do you need to borrow a tripod too?

DUE DATES:✤ Sketchbook (20 points):

✤ DUE: class before you take the camera home✤ Contact Sheet (60 images = 60 points):

✤ DUE: no later than 12/19/16✤ 6 Best Images – 2 from EACH Shooting Mode (100 points):

✤ DUE: no later than 12/19/16

Date post:	17-Jan-2017
Category:	Education
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Creative Shooting - Manual Mode

Education