Critical Care Nursing A Holistic Approach Part 2.

Critical Care Nursing A Holistic Approach

Part 2

Ethical Issues in Critical Care Nursing

Chapter 7

Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.

Principles of Bioet hics

• Nonmaleficence – Do no harm

• Respect for autonomy – Respect the patient’s will

• Justice – Fair in allocation of care

• Beneficence – Promote the welfare of the patient

• Veracity – Tell the truth

• Fidelity – Keep your word


Nursing Model for Decision Making

• Identify, clarify, and understand the situation

• What is the problem

• Analyze the problem

– Who can make the decision

– Who are the stakeholders

• Look at alternative solutions

• Evaluate solution

– Adjust the solution

Legal Issues inCritical Care Nursing

Chapter 8


Major Areas of Law

• Administrative Law – Statute

– Nurse Practice Act

• Civil Law – Individual versus Individual

– Negligence, malpractice

– Assault and/or battery

• Criminal Law – Government versus Individual

– Negligent homicide

– Murder


Elements of Malpractice

• There is a duty

• Breach of duty

• There is injury

• The injury was caused by the breach of duty


Consent

• The patient is provided information to make an informed decision about the care he or she receives

• Obtaining consent is the responsibility of the physician

• Nurses witness the patient’s signing the consent form


Advanced Directives

• Living will

– Written document

– Expresses the wishes of the patient

• Power of attorney

– Appoints a surrogate to make decisions

– Surrogate understands the patient’s wishes and speaks for the patient when he or she cannot

Genetic Issues inCritical Care Nursing

Chapter 9


Role of the Heath Professional

• Understanding of basic genetics and its terminology

• Understanding the role of genetics in preventive care of the patient

• Gather family histories

• Be sensitive about genetic information and provide confidentiality and privacy



Genes code for proteins Genes code for proteins

IfIf

There is a change in protein, There is a change in protein,

there is a change in function!there is a change in function!


Code for Proteins

• Replication

– The double-stranded DNA separates

– Template for synthesis

– Complement for repair

• Transcription

– Genes code is transcribed in messenger RNA

• Translation

– In the cytoplasm, mRNA serves as a template to make proteins



Genetic Disease

• Monogenic – A single mutant gene

– Sickle cell anemia

– Cystic fibrosis

– Phenylketonuria

• Cytogenetic – Addition/Deletion of a chromosome

– Down syndrome

– Turner syndrome

– Klinefelter syndrome


Building a Professional Practice Model for Excellence

Chapter 10



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Critical Care Nursing A Holistic Approach Part 2.

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