作物田间与在地遗传多样性:研究实践中的原理和应用
作物田间与在地遗传多样性:研究实践中的原理和应用
Генетическое разнообразие сельскохозяйственных культур в поле и фермерском хозяйстве: Принципы и применение в практике научных исследований
Crop Genetic Diversity in the Field and on the Farm:
Principles and Applications in Research Practices
Target audience
The volume is intended as a textbook for graduate and advanced
undergraduate university students around the world in courses on
genetic resources conservation, sustainable agriculture, agroecology
and environmental studies.
Photo
: A
HD
Bro
wn
Authors’ Vision
To create a volume that links:
• Research principles and
practices to assess,
access, and value crop
genetic diversity in farmers’
fields
• The evolutionary capacity
of traditional crop varieties
• The benefits obtained by
the farmer or farming
community in using this
diversity
A common theme throughout the book is the way in which
traditional varieties are able to adapt to changing conditions.Photo: D. Jarvis
Main features of the book
• Integrated monograph, rather than an edited volume of separate chapters
• Evidenced based: relies on more than 20 years of research globally
• Multidisciplinary: genetics, agronomy, ecology, sociology, economy, policy
• Practical approaches and methods with concrete examples
• General overview of primary literature, for future follow up on specific points
Ph
oto
: J. C
oro
nel
The first 10 years (1995-2005) “Strengthening the Scientific Basis of In Situ Conservation on Farm”
1990s- the challenges
Science and practice of in situ conservation lags behind policy commitments of the CBD to its implementation
No scientific basis on how “to do” In situ Conservation
Ex situ facilities can not accommodate full range of useful diversity and do not conserve dynamic processes of crop evolution and farmer management
The story behind the book
The second 10 years (2006-2016)Conservation and use of traditional crop varieties in sustainable
agricultural production and agro-ecological resilience
The Authors
The authors’ disciplines span the fields of ecology,
botany, genetics, agronomy, plant breeding, anthropology,
economics, and policy.
Over the last 20 years, the authors have worked in a joint
international integrated collaborative program, where
partners from developing and more advanced economies
have met, organized and managed a program with the
common goal of providing tools and methods for tapping
the potential of crop genetic diversity on-farm.
D.I. Jarvis T. Hodgkin A.H.D. Brown J. Tuxill I. López Noriega M. Smale B.R. Sthapit
Chapters 1, 2 and 3 (Origins)
What is a traditional variety or landrace, the origin of today’s
crops, and the development of international agendas on the
conservation and use of their genetic diversity
Ph
oto
: B. S
thap
it
Ph
oto
: M. T
urd
ieva
Photo: © FAO. Perdominico
Chapters 4 and 5 (Genetics)
Basic concepts of genetic diversity and its measurement and the tools and methods in which participatory and conventional data are obtained and analyzed
Ph
oto
: A P
ugh
Ph
oto
: D.J
arvi
s
Chapters 6 and 7 (Environment)
Characterizing abiotic and biotic factors and the
evolution of crop varieties in stress environments
Ph
oto
: L. C
olla
do
Ph
oto
: D
. Jar
vis
Chapters 8, 9 & 10 (Humans)
Characterizing farmers and famer communities who maintain crop
genetic diversity, economic assessment, policies and legal frameworks
Ph
oto
: LIB
IRD
, Nep
al
Chapters 11 and 12 (Processes and interventions)
Farmer management of evolutionary processes, the partnerships
needed among individuals and institutions, and mobilizing CBOs for
concrete actions, and a portfolio approach to interventions
Ph
oto
: R. V
od
ou
he
Photo: D. Jarvis
Chapter 13 (The future of traditional varieties)
• Productivity in low input environments, extreme temperatures and
water, degraded soils
• Unpredictable fluctuations in temperature, rainfall, frost, pest, disease,
• Growing consumer demand for diverse and natural food-based
products
• Interested of communities to retain control over their crop resource
Ph
oto
: D. J
arvi
s
Photo: R. Nankya
Dedication and Acknowledgements
To the many participants whose
names and affiliations may not
appear in this volume; numerous
farmers, communities,
development workers, educators
researchers, and government
officials collaborated in the work
presented in this work, and it is
only through their efforts that
this book is possible.
Photo: D. Jarvis