of StortteflJ* VK.Bldg.
1949
IONOSPHERIC DATA
ISSUED
FEBRUARY 1949
CRPL-i
Bureau Ubrary, N.
4
Reference book not to b taken from the Library.
PREPARED BY CENTRAL RADIO PROPAGATION LABORATORY National Bureau of Standards
Washington, D.C.
CRPL-F 54 CENTRAL RADIO PROPAGATION LABORATORY NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS
WASHINGTON, D.C.
Issued 24 FEB.I949
IONOSPHERIC DATA
CONTENTS Page
Symbols and Terminology; Conventions for Determining Median Values . 2
Monthly Average and Median Values of World-Wide Ionospheric Data.4
Ionospheric Data for Every Day and Hour at Washington, D. C.6
Ionosphere Disturbances . 6
American and Zurich Provisional Relative Sunspot Numbers. 8
Solar Coronal Intensities Observed at Climax, Colorado. . S
Tables of Ionospheric Data . 9
Graphs of Ionospheric Data.40
Index of Tables and Graphs of Ionospheric Data in CRPL-F54 ..64
2
SYMBOLS AND TERMINOLOGY;
CONVENTIONS FOR DETERMINING
MEDIAN VALUES
Beginning with data reported for January 1949, the symbols, termi¬ nology, and conventions for the determination of median values used in this report (CRPL-F series) conform as far as practicable to those adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the International Radio Consultative Committee (C.C.I.R.) in Stockholm, 194?, and given in detail on pages 2 to 10 of the report CRPL-F53, "Ionospheric Data," issued January 1949.
For symbols and terminology used with data prior to January 1949, see report IRPL-C61, "Report of International Radio Propagation Con¬ ference, Washington, 17 April to 5 May, 1944," previous issues of the F series, in particular, IRPL-F5, CRPE-F24, F33, F50, and report CRPL-7-1, "Preliminary Instructions for Obtaining and Reducing Manual Ionospheric Records."
Following the recommendations of the Washington (1944) and Stockholm (194?) conferences, beginning with data for January 1945, wherever possible median values are published. Where averages are reported, they are, at any hour, the average for all the days during the month for which numerical data exist.
In addition to the conventions for the determination of medians given in Appendix 5 of Document No. 293 E of the Stockholm conference, which are listed on pages 9 and 10 of CRPL-F53, the following conventions are used in determining the medians for hours when no measured values are given because of equipment limitations and ionospheric irregularities. Symbols used are those given on pages 2-9 of CRPL-F53 (Appendixes 1-4 of Document No. 293 E referred to above).
a. For all ionospheric characteristics:
Values missing because of A, R, C, F, L, M, N, Q, R, S, or T (see terminology referred to above) are omitted from the median count.
b. For critical frequencies and virtual heights:
Values of foF2 (and foE near sunrise and sunset) missing because of E are counted as equal to or less than the lower limit of the recorder. Values of h‘F2 (and h'E near sunrise and sunset) missing for this reason are counted as equal to or greater than the median. Other characteristics missing because of E are omitted from the median count. See CRPL-F3?, page 9.
3
Values missing because of D are counted as equal to or greater than the upper limit of the recorder.
Values missing because of the G are counted: 1. For foF2, as equal to or less than foFl. 2. For h’F2, as equal to or greater than the median.
Values missing because of N are counted: 1. For foF2, as equal to or less than the median. 2. For h'F2, as equal to or greater than the median.
Values missing for any other reason are omitted from the median count.
c. For muf factors (M-factors):
Values missing because of G or 77 are counted as equal to or less than the median.
Values missing for any other reason are omitted from the median count.
d. For sporadic E (Es):
Values of fEs missing because of G (no Es reflections observed, the equipment functioning normally otherwise) are counted as equal to or less than the median foE, or equal to or less than the lower frequency count of the recorder.
Values of fEs missing for any other reason, and values of h'Es missing for any reason at all are omitted from the median count.
Beginning with data for November 1945, doubtful monthly median values for ionospheric observations at Washington, D. C., are indicated by paren¬ theses, in accordance with the practice already in use for doubtful hourly values. The following are the conventions used to determine whether or not a median value is doubtful:
1. If only four values or less are available, the data are considered insufficient and no median value is computed.
2. For the F2 layer, if only five to nine values are available, the median is considered doubtful. The E and FI layers are so regular in their characteristics that, as long as there are at least five values, the median is not considered doubtful.
3. For all layers, if more than half of the values used to compute the median are doubtful (either doubtful or interpolated), the median is considered doubtful.
The same conventions are used by the CRPL in computing the medians from tabulations of daily and hourly data for stations other than Washington, beginning with the tables in IRPL-F18.
4
MONTHLY AVERAGE AND MEDIAN VALUES OF
WORLD-WIDE IONOSPHERIC DATA
The ionospheric data given here in tables 1 to 4? and figures 1 to 94 were assembled by the Central Radio Propagation Laboratory for analysis and correlation, incidental to CRPL predictions of radio propagation con¬ ditions. The data are nedian values unless otherwise indicated. The following are the sources of the data in this issue:
Australian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Radio Research Board:
Brisbane, Australia Canberra, Australia Hobart, Tasmania
Australian Department of Supply and Shipping, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geophysical Section:
'"atheroo, 7. Australia
British Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Radio Research Board:
Lindau/Harz, Germany
New Zealand Radio Research Committee: Christchurch, New Zealand (Canterbury university College Observatory) Rarotonga I.
South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research: Capetown, Union of S. Africa Johannesburg, Union of S. Africa
Japanese Physical Institute for Radio Waves (under supervision of Supreme Commander, Allied Powers):
Fukaura, Japan Shibata, Japan Tokyo, Japan Wakkanai, Japan Yamaka, Japan
United States Army Signal Corps: Okinawa I.
National Bureau of Standards (Central Radio Propagation Laboratory): Baton Rouge, Louisiana Boston, Massachusetts Huancayo, Peru Maui, Hawaii
Palmyra I.
National Bureau of Standards (continued): San Francisco, California San Juan, Puerto Rico Trinidad, British West Indies Washington, D. C. White Sands, New Mexico
All India Radio (Government of India), New Delhi, India: Bombay, India Delhi, India Madras, India
Radio Wave Research Laboratory, Central Broadcasting Administration: Chungking, China Lanchow, China Nanking, China Peiping, China
The tables and graphs of ionospheric data are correct for the values reported to the CRPL, but, because of variations in practice in the inter¬ pretation of records and scaling and manner of reporting of values, may at times give an erroneous conception of typical ionospheric character¬ istics at the station. Some of the errors are due to:
a. Differences in scaling records when spread echoes are present.
b. Omission of values when foF2 is less than or equal to foFl, leading to erroneously high values of monthly averages or median values.
c. Omission of values when critical frequencies are less than the lower frequency limit of the recorder, also leading to erron¬ eously high values of monthly average or median values.
These effects were discussed on pages 6 and 7 of the previous F-series report IRPL-F5.
Ordinarily a blank space in the fEs column of a table is the result of the fact that a majority of the readings for the month are below the lower limit of the recorder. Blank spaces at the beginning and end of columns of h'Fl, foFl, h’E, and foE are usually the result of diurnal variation in these characteristics. Complete absence of medians of h'Fl and foFl is usually the result of seasonal effects.
The dashed-line prediction curves of the graphs of ionospheric data are obtained from the predicted zero-muf contour charts of the CRPL-D series publications. The following points are worthy of note:
a. Predictions for individual stations used to construct the charts may be more accurate than the values read from the charts since some smoothing of the contours is necessary to allow for the longitude effect within a zone. Thus, inasmuch as the pre¬ dicted contours are for the center of each zone, part of the discrepancy between the predicted and observed values as given in the F series may be caused by the fact that the station is not centrally located within the zona.
6
b. The final presentation of the predictions is dependent upon the latest available ionospheric and radio propagation data, as well as upon predicted sunspot number.
c. There is no indication on the graphs of the relative reliability of the data; it is necessary to consult the tables for such information.
The following predicted smoothed 12-month running-average Zurich sunspot numbers were used in constructing the contour charts:
Month Predicted Sunspot No. 1949 194? 1947 1946 1945
December 114 126 65 36 November 115 124 63 36 October 116 119 61 23 September 117 121 79 22 August 123 122 77 20 July 125 116 73 June 129 112 67 May 130 109 67 April 133 107 62 March 133 105 51 February 133 90 46 January 112 130 PB 42
IONOSPHERIC DATA FOR EVERY DAY AND HOUR
AT WASHINGTON, D. C.
The data given in tables 49 to 60 follow the scaling practices given in the report IRPL-C61, "Report of International Radio Propagation Conference," pages 36 to 39, and the median values are determined by the conventions given above under "Symbols and Terminology; Conventions for Determining Median Values."
IONOSPHERE DISTURBANCES
Table 61 presents ionosphere character figures for Washington, D. C., during January 1949, as determined by the criteria presented in the report IRPL-R5, "Criteria for Ionospheric Storminess," together with Cheltenham, Maryland, geomagnetic K-figures, which are usually covariant with them.
Table 62 lists for the stations whose locations are given the sudden ionosphere disturbances observed on the continuous field intensity record¬ ings made at the Sterling Radio Propagation Laboratory during January 1949.
7
Table 63 lists for the stations whose locations are given the sudden ionosphere disturbances observed at the Brentwood and Somerton, England, receiving stations of Cable and tireless, Ltd., for December 23 and 30, 1948.
Table 64 lists for the stations whose locations are given the sudden ionosphere disturbances observed at the Point Reyes, California, Receiving Station of RCA Communications, Inc., for January 14, 15, and 23, 1949.
Table 65 lists for the stations whose locations are given the sudden ionosphere disturbances observed at the Platanos, Argentina, receiving station of the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation for December 3? 7, 9, 20, 23, 24, and 27, 1948.
Table 66 gives provisional radio propagation quality figures for the North Atlantic and North Pacific areas, for 01 to 12 and 13 to 24 GCT, December 1948, compared with the CRPL daily radio disturbance warnings, which are primarily for the North Atlantic paths, the CRPL weekly radio propagation forecasts of probable disturbed periods, and the half-day Cheltenham, Maryland, geomagnetic K-figures.
The radio propagation quality figures are prepared from radio traffic and ionospheric data reported to the CRPL, in a manner basically the same as that described in IRPL-R31, "North Atlantic Radio Propagation Disturb¬ ances, October 1943 through October 1945," issued February 1, 1946. The scale conversions for each report are revised for use with the data beginning January 1948, and statistical weighting replaces what was, in effect, subjective weighting. Separate master distribution curves of the type described in IRPL-R31 were derived for the part of 1946 covered by each report; data received only since 1946 are compared with the master curve for the period of the available data. A report whose distribution is the same as the master is thereby converted linearly to the Q-figure scale. Each report is given a statistical weight which is the reciprocal of the departure from linearity. The half-daily radio propagation quality figure, beginning January 1948, is the weighted mean of the reports re¬ ceived for that period.
These radio propagation quality figures give a consensus of opinion of actual radio propagation conditions as reported by the half day over the two general areas. It should be borne in mind, however, that though the quality may be disturbed according to the CRPL scale, the Cause of the disturbance is not necessarily known. There are many variables that must be considered. In addition to ionospheric storminess itself as the cause, conditions may be reported as disturbed because of seasonal characteristics such as are particularly evident in the pronounced day and night contrast over North Pacific paths during the winter months, or because of improper frequency usage for the path and time of day in question. Insofar as possible, frequency usage is included in rating the reports. Where the actual frequency is not shown in the report to the CRPL, it has been assumed that the report is made on the use of optimum working frequencies for the path and time of day in question. Since there is a possibility that all the disturbance shown by the quality figures is not due to iono¬ spheric storrainess alone, care should be taken in using the quality figures in research correlations with solar, auroral, geomagnetic, or other data. Nevertheless, these quality figures do reflect a consensus of opinion of actual radio propagation conditions as found on any one half day In either of the two general areas.
8
AMERICAN AND ZURICH PROVISIONAL RELATIVE
SUNSPOT NUMBERS
Table 67 presents the daily American relative sunspot number, R^, computed from observations communicated to CRPL by observers in America and abroad. Beginning with the observations for January 194?, a new method of reduction of observations is employed such that each observer is assigned a scale-determining "observatory coefficient," ultimately referred to Zurich observations in a standard period, December 1944 to September 1945, and a statistical weight, the reciprocal of the variance of the observatory coefficient. The daily numbers listed in the table are the weighted means of all observations received for each day. Details of the procedure will be published shortly. The American relative sunspot number computed in this way is designated R/x. It is noted that a number of observatories abroad, including the Zurich observatory, are included in R^. The scale of R;l was referred specifically to that of the Zurich relative sunspot numbers in the standard comparison period; since that time, R^ is .influenced by the Zurich observations only in that Zurich proves to be a consistent observer and receives a high statistical weight. In addition, this table lists the daily provisional Zurich sunspot numbers, Rz.
SOLAR CORONAL INTENSITIES OBSERVED
AT CLIMAX, COLORADO
In tables 6?a and 68b are listed the intensities of green (5303A) line of the emission spectrum of the solar corona as observed during January 1949 by the High Altitude Observatory of Harvard University and the University of Colorado at Climax, Colorado, for east and west limbs, respectively, at 5° intervals of position angle north and south of the solar equator at the limb computed to the nearest 5°. A correction, P, as listed, has been applied to the position angles of the actual observa¬ tions which were on astronomical coordinates. The time of observation is given to the nearest tenth of a day, GCT. The tables of coronal observa¬ tions in CRPL-F29 to F4l listed the data on astronomical coordinates; the present format on solar rotation coordinates is in conformity with the tables of CRPL-1-4, "Observations of the Polar Corona at Climax, 1944-46."
Tables 69a and 69b give similarly the Intensities of the first red (6374A) coronal line; tables 70a and 70b list the intensities of the second red (6704A) coronal line. The following symbols are used in tables 68, 69, and 70: a, observation of low weight; corona not visible; and x, position angle not included in plate estimates.
TABLES OF IONOSPHERIC DATA
9
Talle 1
Washington, D.C. (39.0°N, 77.5°W) January 19/,9
Time h‘F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h'2 f°£ CEs F2-r.nooo
00 270 4.2 2.9 01 2?0 4.1 2.E 02 270 4.0 2.9 03 260 3.9 2.9 04 250 4.0 2.9 05 250 3.7 2.9 06 250 3.3 3.0 07 250 4.1 3.0 C? 220 7.6 130 2.2 3.4 09 220 0.4 110 2.7 3.3 10 225 10.6 210 ICO 3.1 3.2 3.2 11 230 11.? 220 100 3.4 2.9 3.2 12 230 12.1 210 100 3.4 3.1 13 235 12.0 210 ICO 3.4 3.1 14 230 11.5 210 100 3.2 3.0 15 230 11.5 220 100 3.0 3.1 16 230 11.3 110 2.6 1.9 3.1 17 220 (10.6) 130 2.0 2.0 3.1 1? 210 (9.4) 3.1 19 220 ?.0 3.1 20 220 6.6 3.0 21 230 5.1 3.0 22 250 4.7 2.9 23 250 4.7 2.9
Time: 75.0°W. Sweep: 1.0 Me to 25.0 Me in 15 seconds.
Table 2
Lindau/Harz, Germany (51.6°N, 10.1°^) December 1948
Time: 15.0°£. Sweep: 1.4 Me to 16.0 Me in 7 minutes.
Boston, Massachusetts (42.4 N, 71,2 W) December 1948 San Francisco, California (37.4°N, 122.2°W) December 1948
h1F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl f°£ fSs F2-?.nOOO
00 01 02
03 04 05 06 07 00 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 lb 17 18 19 20 21 22' 23
285 275 272 250 242 250 260 240 225 230 240 245 248 240 242 232 225 230 235 240 248 260 275 282
4.4 4.2 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.0 5.8 9.0
10.6 10.9 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.2 11.3 10.8 10.0 8.1
6.8 5.8 5.0 4.8 4.6
1.2
2.7 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0 -3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.6
Time: 75.0°W. Sweep: 0.8 Me to 14.0 Me in 1 minute.
Tlr.»e: 120.0°W. Sweep: 1.3 Me to 18.0 Me in U minutes 30 seconds.
10 Table 6 Table 5
White Sands, New Mexico (72.3°N, 106.5°W) December 1948
Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h'E f°E fEs F2 -:,nooo
00 300 3.2 2.8 2.6 01 280 3.3 3.1 2.7 02 280 3.5 2.9 2.7 03 270 3.6 2.9 2.7 04 260 3.5 2.6 2.8 05 280 3.4 2.6 2.6 06 280 3.4 2.6 2.7 07 260 6.0 (1.8) 2.9 3.0 08 240 9.5 120 2.5 3.2 3.2 09 240 10.4 120 3.0 3.9 3.2 10 230 10.9 120 3.3 3.9 3.1 11 230 11.6 120 3.5 4.3 3.0 12 240 12.1 120 3.5 3.0 13 240 11.8 120 3.5 4.6 2.9 14 240 11.5 no 3.3 4.4 2.9 15 240 11.2 110 2.9 4.1 3.0 16 230 10.6 115 2.5 3.8 3.0 17 220 9.6 3.7 3.0 18 220 7.2 3.4 (3.0) 19 230 6.3 3.8 3.1 20 230 4.6 3.3 3.1 21 250 3.4 3.3 3.1 22 270 3.1 3.3 2.8 23 300 3.1 3.3 2.6
Time: 105.0°W. Sweeps 0.78 Me to 14.0 Me in 2 minutes.
Baton Rouge, Louisiana (3Q.5°N, 91.2°'*) December 1948
Time: 90.0°*.
Sweep: 2.12 Me to 15.3 Me In 8 minutes 30 seconds, automatic operation
Table 7 Table P
Okinawa I. (26.3°H, 127.?°E) December 1948 Maul, Hawaii (20.8°H, 156.5°W) December 1948
Time: 135.0°E. Sweep: 3.2 Me to 18.0 Me in 15 minutes, manual operation.
Tims: 150.0°W. Sweep: 2.2 Me to 16.0 Me in 1 minute; above 16.0 Me, manual operation.
Table 9 Table 10
San Juan, Puerto Rico (18.4°N, 66.1°tf) December 1948 Trinidad. Brit. West Indies (10.6°M, 61.2°W) December 1948
Time: 60.0°*. Sweep: 2.8 Me to 13.0 Me in 9 minutes, supplemented by manual operation.
Time: 60.0°W. Sweep: 1.2 Me to 18.0 Me, manual operation.
Table 11 Table 12
Palmyra I. (5.9°», 162.1°W) December 1948 Huancayo, Peru (12.0°S, 7o.3°W) December 1948
Time h'F2 r°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h’E f°E fEs F2-;.nooo
00 250 9.2 4.0 (3.0) 01 250 (8.0) 3.7 (3.0) 02 260 (6.8) 3.0 (2.9) 03 270 6.1 2.8 (2.8) 04 260 5.9 3.2 (2.9) 06 250 5.4 2.9 3.0 06 280 5.2 2.6 2.8 07 280 8.2 140 2.4 3.3 2.8 08 250 11.5 120 3.1 3.8 2.8 09 250 13.0 240 120 3.6 4.0 2.7 10 280 13.5 230 120 3.8 2.5 11 280 12.8 230 120 4.1 2.4 12 280 12.4 220 120 4.0 2.4 13 27C 12.4 220 120 4.1 2.4 14 270 12.4 220 120 3.8 4.1 2.4 16 255 13.0 200 4.0 120 3.6 3.9 2.4 16 250 13.5 200 3.6 120 3.3 4.2 2.5 17 260 13.8 130 2.0 4.3 2.6 18 280 13.8 160 3.8 2.7 19 300 13.7 3.8 2.6 20 290 14.0 3.4 (2.5) 21 270 13.4 3.6 2.6 22 270 12.4 4.0 2.8 23 250 11.3 4.5 (2.9)
Time: 157.5°W. 3weep: 1.0 Me to 13.0 Me in 1 minute 38 seconds, automatic operation;
13.0 Me to 18.0 Me, manual operation.
Time: 75.0°W.
Sweep: 16.0 Me to 0.5 Me in 15 minutes, automatic operation.
12 Table 13 Table U
Lindau/Harz, Germany (bl.6°N, 10.1°E) November 1948
Time: 15.0°E. Sweep: 1.0 Me to 16.0 Me in 12 minutee.
Peiping, China (39.9°N, 116.4°E) November 1948
Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f^Fl h'E f°E fEa F2-.U-)000
00 01 02 5.8 03 6.3 04 5.7 05 5.3 06 5.3 07 7.1 08 09 10 12.0 11 12.C 12 12.0 13 12.3 14 11.8 15 11.7 16 17 18 9.2 19 8.3 20 7.4 21 7.0 22 6.4 23 5.8
Time: 120.0°E. Sweep : 2.3 Me to 15.0 Me in 15 minutes, manual operation.
Table 1$
Chungking, China (29.4°N, 106.8°E) November 1948
Table 16
Okinawa I. (26.3°N. 127.7°E) November 1948
Time
00 01 02 03 C4 06 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
h«F2 h»Fl f°Fl f°E fga F2-?.n000
9.0 8.3 8.0 6.4 5.6 3.8 3.9 7.5
11.2 13.0 13.8 14.0 14.3 15.3 15.7 15.6 16.0 15.1 14.5
(14.0) (14.9) 14.0
(11.6) 10.0
3.2 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.2 3.8 3.4
2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.8 2.8
(3.1) (3.3) (3.2) 3.1
(3.0) 2.9
(2.9) (2.9) (2.9) (3.0) (3.0) (3.0) (2.9) (2.9) (3.0) (3.1)
3.0
Time: 105.0°D. Sweep: 1.5 Me to 20.0 Me in 15 minutee, manual operation.
Tim.: 136.0°E.
Sweep! 3.2 Me to 18.0 Me in 15 minutee, manual operation.
Table If
13
Table 17
Johannesburg, Union of S.africa (36.2°5, 28.0°E) November 1948
Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h* E f°E fEs F2-:.H000
00 (375) 7.0 1.7 2.8 01 (260) 6.5 2.8 02 (260) 5.9 2.8 03 (360) 5.5 3.8 04 (270) 5.3 2.7 05 280 5.6 2.8 06 250 7.6 240 110 2.4 3.1 07 25C ft.8 230 110 3.0 2.9 08 265 10.0 210 4.4 110 3.4 2.8 09 300 10.6 210 5.5 13.0 3.7 3.9 2.7 10 320 11.0 200 5.8 110 (3.8) 4.0 2.6 11 350 11.7 200 5.9 110 (4.0) 4.1 2.6 12 340 12.0 310 5.9 no (4.1) 2.6 13 350 12.0 215 6.0 no 4.0 2.6 14 •350 12.0 220 6.0 no 3.9 2.6 15 330 11.8 330 5.9 no 3.7 2.7 16 310 11.5 230 5.1 no 3.4 3.5 2.7 17 380 11.1 235 100 2.9 3.3 2.7 18 250 10.9 100 2.1 2.3 2.8 19 240 10.5 2.4 2.8 20 240 9.7 2.0 2.8 21 250 8.8 2.1 2.8 22 (360) 8.0 1.9 2.8 23 (380) 7.3 1.6 2.7
Time: 30.0°E. Sweep : 1.0 Me to 15.0 Me in 7 seconds
Watheroo, W. euatralla (3Q.3°S, 115,9°2) November 1948
Time: 120.0°E.
Sweep: 15.0 Me to 0.6 He in 16 minutes, automatic operation.
Table 19
Capetown, Union of S. Africa (34.2°S, 18.3°E) November 1948
Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h1 E f°E fEs F2-.\H000
00 (390) 5.7 2.1 2.7 01 (390) 5.6 2.1 2.7 02 (390) 5.4 2.1 2.7 03 (390) 5.1 2.0 2.8 04 (380) 4.8 1.7 2.6 05 (300) 4.7 2.7 06 260 6.4 no 2.0 2.9 07 360 8.0 240 120 2.7 2.9 08 280 9.1 230 5.0 no 3.1 2.8 09 310 10.1 5.0 no (3.5) 2.7 10 340 10.6 (5.9) no 2.6 11 340 ' 11.1 5.7 no 2.6 13 350 (11.6) 6.1 no (2.6) 13 360 11.8 6,1 no (3.6) 14 350 11.8 5.8 no 2.6 15 340 11.6 5.8 no 2.6 16 330 11.2 5.5 no 3.4 3.6 2.7 17 300 11.0 230 4.0 no 3.1 2.7 18 270 10.7 245 no 2.7 2.8 19 250 10.0 no 2.0 2.9 20 240 9.0 2.1 2.9 31 (350) 7.9 2.5 2.9 33 (350) 7.1 2.3 2.8 23 (370) 6.4 2.0 2.8
Time: 30.0°E. Sweep: 1,0 Me to 15.0 Me in 7 seconds.
Table 20
Christchurch, New Zealand (43.5°3, 172.7°5) November 1948
Time: '172.5°E. Sweep: 1.0 Me to 13.0 Me.
I
14 M-lB -'1
Aakkanai, Japan (i5.4°N, 141.7° ii) October 1946
Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h'L, r°u r&> P2-:.:-coo
CO 290 4.8 2.6 2.6 01 300 4.6 2.3 2. 6 G2 290 4.4 2.2 2.6 03 290 4.6 2.1 2. 7
04 280 4.6 2.3 2.6 05 280 i.6 2.4 2.7 06 2.30 6.5 loo 1.7 2.5 3,0 07 »j2Q y.i lot) 2.4 2.7 3.2 08 210 11.3 211. loo 2.8 3.4 3.2 09 220 11.2 10C) 3.2 3. 7 3.1 1C 230 11.6 210 100 3.3 ' .5 3.2 11 230 12.2 210 100 3.4 3.9 (3.1; 12 2*tO 12.1 220 1 !0 3.4 3.7 3.] 13 245 11.8 225 100 3.4 3.6 3.1 14 240 11.6 100 3.2 3.2 3.0 15 220 11.4 100 2.8 3.4 3.1 16 200 10.5 TOO 2.5 2.9 3.2 17 210 9.4 1.8 3.1 3.2 18 210 8.4 3.0 3.0 19 215 7.2 3.2 3.0 2C 220 6.2 2.9 3.0 21 250 5.6 2. i 2. 4 22 270 5.3 ?.9 23 290 5.0 2. 7
line: 135.0°ji. Sweep: 1.0 He to 17.0 He, manual oper^ti^n.
Table 21
Peiping. Cnina (39.9°tl, 116.4°t) October 1948
Time: 130.0°lt. Sweop: 2.3 Me to 15.0 Me in 15 minute*.
?able 22
i’ukaura, Japan 13;.5°i£) October 1948
Time: 136.C°i. Sweep: 1.0 Me* to ’7. Me, manual 'Operation.
■r,jMe SZ
Time: 13b,0°ii. Sweep: 1.0 Me to 17.0 Me in 15 minute*, manual operation.
Table 25
15 Table 2h
Lanchow, China (36.1°N, 103.8°E) October 1948
Time-' 105.0°E.
Sweep: 2.4 Me to 16.0 Me in 15 minutes, manual operation.
Table 27
Time: 135.0°E.
Sweep: 1.2 Me to i.8.5 Me in 15 minutes, manual operation.
Tokyo, Japan (35.7°}J, 139.5°E) October 1946
Time-' 135.0°£.
Sweep: 1.0 Me to 16.0 Me in 15 minutes, manual operation.
Table 2?
Wanking, Ci.ina (3_.1°N, 119.0°£) October 1948
Time! 120.0°JB.
Sweep: 1.7 Me to 15.0 Me in 15 minutes, manual operation.
16
Table 29
Chungking, China (29.4°M, 106.8°S) October 1948
Time: 105.0°B.
Sweep: 1.5 Me to 20.0 Me in 15 mlnutee, manual operation.
Table ?C
Rarotonga I. (21.3°S» 169.9°«0 October 1948
Time: 1S?.6°W. Sweep: 2.0 Me to 16.0 Me. manual operation.
Table ?1
Briubane, Australia (27.5°S. 153.0°S) October 1946 Watnerco, W..iuetralia (^O.S0^. 115.9°S) October 1948
Time: 160.0°S. Sweep: 1.0 Me to 16.0 Me in 1 minute 55 seconds.
Time: 120.0oK. Sweep: 16.0 Me to 0.5 Me in 15 minutes, automatic operation.
17 Table 13 Table U
Canberra, Australia (35. 3°S. 149 0 .
.0 S) October 1948 Hobart . Tasmania (42.8°S. 147. 4°E) October 1948
Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl b'S f°E fEs F2-!,n000 Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h'E f°E fEs F2-;.nOOO
00 280 6.8 2.7 2.6 00 300 5.3 2.0 2.7
01 280 6.6 3.0 2.5 01 300 4.8 1.7 2.7 02 260 6.2 2.6 2.5 02 295 4.6 2.0 (2.9) 03 280 5.8 2.4 2.5 03 300 3.7 2.3 (2.8) 04 275 5.4 2.2 2.5 04 300 3.4 2.0 (2.7) 05 285 5.4 135 1.5 2.6 05 300 3.7 100 1.6 2.0 2.8 06 250 6.0 110 2.2 2.9 3.0 06 270 4.8 100 2.2 2.9 07 250 7.1 250 4.4 100 2.9 3; 4 2.9 07 270 5.6 250 4.1 100 2.7 3.0 08 250 7.4 240 4.6 100 3.2 2.9 08 335 6.0 250 4.5 100 3.1 2.8 09 290 8.2 220 5.0 100 3.5 2.8 09 380 6.5 230 4.8 100 3.4 2.8 10 300 9.1 210 5.0 100 3.6 2.8 10 370 7.2 220 4.9 100 3.5 2.7 11 300 9.4 200 5.2 100 3.7 2.7 11 380 7.2 200 5.0 100 3.7 2.8 12 300 10.1 200 5.2 100 3.8 2.7 12 350 7.6 210 5.0 100 3.7 2.8 13 300 9.4 200 5.2 100 3.8 2.7 13 360 8.0 220 5.1 100 3.7 2.7 14 300 9.5 205 5.0 100 3.6 2.7 14 330 0.3 220 5.0 100 3.5 2.8 15 240 9.1 220 5.2 100 3.5 2.7 15 335 8.2 230 5.0 100 3.4 2.8 16 240 9.0 100 3.2 2.7 16 300 8.1 240 4.8 100 3.2 2.8 17 250 9.0 100 2.7 3.2 2.8 17 255 8.4 250 4.5 100 2.7 2.8 18 250 8.7 120 2.0 3.2 2.8 18 260 8.5 100 2.0 2.9 19 250 8.8 2.7 19 250 8.2 125 1.5 2.9 20 250 8.1 2.0 2.6 20 240 7.7 2.2 2.8 21 270 7.6 2.8 2.6 21 260 7.0 2.6 2.8 22 270 7.5 2.5 2.6 22 270 6.2 1.8 2.8 23 280 7.1 2.7 2.6 23 295 5.8 2.7
Timet 160.0°B. Sweep: 1.0 Me to 16.0 Me In 1 minute 55 seconds.
Time: 150.0°E Sweep: 1.0 Me to 13.0 Me in 1 minute 55 seconds.
Table 15
Christchurch, He» Zealand (43.5°S, 172.7°S) October 1948 Lanchow, China (36.1°H,
Table 36
103.8°E) September 1948
Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h'E f°E fEs F2 -M3000 Time h'F2 f°F2 h'Fl f°Fl h'E f°S fEs F2-M1000
00 300 6.4 2,6 2.4 00 360 7.2 3.0 2.4 01 310 6.0 2.8 2.5 01 360 7.0 3.0 2.3 02 300 5.5 2.7 2.6 02 360 7.1 2.7 3.3 03 290 5.1 2.6 2.5 03 360 7.0 2.3 04 290 4.5 2.6 2.7 04 360 6.6 2.3 06 290 4.2 1.2 2.7 2.8 05 375 6.4 2.3 06 270 5.5 1.9 2.8 2.8 06 340 7.2 2.6 07 250 6.2 250 4.3 2.8 2.9 07 326 9.0 300 155 3.3 3.9 3.7 08 300 6.8 240 4.7 3.2 2.9 08 340 10.8 300 150 3.2 4.4 2.7 09 330 7.8 230 4.8 3.4 2.9 09 335 10.8 265 5.4 140 3.4 4.6 2.6 10 310 8.3 230 5.2 3.5 2.8 10 360 11.5 280 5.9 130 3.7 4.6 2.6 11 316 8.7 220 5.2 3.6 2.8 ii 380 12.6 280 6.0 4.6 2.4 12 300 8.8 235 5.3 3.6 2.7 12 380 13.0 280 4.6 2.6 13 290 9.3 230 5.2 3.6 2.8 13 380 12.9 280 4.6 3.4 14 260 9.1 230 5.0 3.5 2.8 14 380 12.8 280 6.4 4.7 3.4 15 255 9.0 240 4.8 3.4 2.8 15 380 13.0 290 5.9 140 3.6 4.4 2.4 16 250 8.8 240 4.3 3.0 2.7 16 360 12.8 300 140 3.2 4.1 3.4 17 260 8.8 2.6 2.7 17 340 12.5 310 140 3.0 4.0 2.5 18 270 8.9 1.5 2.7 2.7 18 340 11.7 300 4.1 2.6 19 260 9.0 2.6 2.6 19 320 10.5 3.8 2.5 20 270 8.5 2.5 3.6 20 (290) Uo.o) 3.6 (2.6) 21 380 7.9 2.6 21 320 8.7 3.2 2.6 22 280 7.4 2.5 22 340 7.8 3.3 3.3 23 290 7.0 2.6 2.4 23 360 7.4 3.3
Time 172.5°B Timet 106.0°B
Sweep: 1.0 Me to 13.0 Me. Sveept 2.4 Me to _16.0 Me in 15 minutes. manual operation.
16 Table S7
Nanking, China (32.1°N, 119.0°S) September 1948
Tima: 120.0°*. Sweep: 1.5 Me to 20.0 Me In 15 minute®, manual operation.
Delhi. India (28.6°N. 7?.1°E) S.pteaber 1948
Time: Local. Sweep: 1.8 Me to 16.0 Me in 5 minute®, manual operation. •Height at 0.83 foF2.
••Average values; other column®, median value®.
Table 39
Bombay, India (19.0°M, 73.0 5) September 1948
••
Tla.i Local. Sweep: 1.8 Me to 16.0 Me In 5 minute., annual operation, •Height at 0.83 foF2.
••Average value.; other enluane, median valuea.
Table AO
Madraa, India (13.0°N, 80.2°1) September 1948
Tiae: Local. Sweep: 1.8 Me to 16.0 Me la 5 dilutee, aanual operation. •Height at 0.83 foF2.
••average value®; other eoluoae, median valmee.
Table 41
19 Table 42
Rarotonga I. (21.3°S, 159.8°W) September 1948 Hobart, Tasmania (42.8°S, 147.4°E) September 1548
Time: 157.5°W.
Sweep: 2.0 Me to 16.0 Me, manual operation,
Time: 150.0 B.
Sweep: 1.0 Me to 13.0 Me in 1 minute 55 seconds
Table 4 3
Delhi, India (28.6°H, 77.1°B) August 1948
Sweep: 1.8 Me to 16.0 Me in 5 minutes, manual operation. •Height at 0.83 foF3.
••Average values; other columns, median values.
Bombay , India (19.0°H. 73.0°E)
Table 44
August 1948
• •
Time * f°F2 h'Fl f^Fl h'E f°E fEs F2-M3000
00 420 (12.4) 2.7
01 02 360 (9.7)
03 360 (7.3) 04 330 (6.0) 2.9 05 300 (5.6) 06 330 (7.2) 07 330 9.0 08 360 10.1 2.8 09 420 11.0 10 510 11.8 11 540 13.0 12 540 13.6 2.3 13 640 14.0 14 540 14.0 15 540 14.2 16 610 14.4 2.4 17 480 14.5 18 480 14.4
19 480 13.8 20 480 13.6 2.4 21 480 13.2 22 480 12.1 2.4 23 480 12.3
Time! Local. Sweep: 1.6 Me to 16.0 Me in 5 minutes, manual operation. •Height at 0.83 io?2.
••Average values; other columns, median values.
20 Table 45 Table 46
Madras, India (13.0°N, 80.2°E) AU«U3t 1948 Delhi, India (28.6°M. 77.1°S) July 1948
Time: Local. Sweep: 1.8 Me to 16.0 Me in 5 minutes, manual operation. •Height at 0.83 foF2.
••Average values; other columns, median values.
Time: Local. Sweep: 1.8 Me to 16.0 Me in 5 minutes, manual operation. •Height at 0.83 foF2.
••Average values; other columns, median values.
Table Ll
Bombay, India (19.0°H, 73.0°E) July 1948 Madras, India (13.0°N. 80.2°E) July 1948
Time: Local.
Sweep: 1.8 Me to 16.0 Me in 5 minutes, manual operation. •Height at 0.83 foF2.
••Average values; other columns, median values.
Time: Local. Sweep: 1.8 Me t" 16.0 Me in 5 minutes, manual operation. •Height at 0.83 foF2.
••Average values; other columns, median values.
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<t CVJ
iD CVJ
CD CVJ
|S- CVJ
00 CVJ
<T> OJ
o ro ro
o T3 0> 2
c 3
o
Sw
eep
J-Q
_M
e tn
2S
.Q M
r in
Q.2
5 m
in
Man
ual □
Au
tom
ati
c
0^
33
Table 6l
Ionospheric Storminess at Washington. D. C.
January 1949
Day Ionospheric 00-12 GOT
character* 12-24 GCT
Principal storms Beginning End
GCT GCT
Geomagnetic 00-12 GCT
character** 12-24 GCT
1 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 5 3 3 1 3 1 1 4 1 7
«✓ 0 1 5 2 1 1 6 2 l 2 1 7 2 l 3 2 8 2 l 2 3 9 2 2 3 3
10 2 1 2 2 11 3 2 3 3 12 3 2 2 3 13 2 2 3 2 14 2 2 2 1 15 2 2 1 2 16 2 1 2 2 17 0 2 2 2 18 1 1 3 3 19 C 1 3 2 20 1 1 2 2 21 2 1 3 2 22 1 1 3 1 23 1 1 1 2 24 1 1 2 4 25 4 4 oooo 6 7 26 4 1 —- 1200 7 3 27 4 1 0500 1200 4 2 28 2 2 2 2 29 1 1 2 2 30 1 1 1 1 31 1 2 1 2
^Ionosphere character figure (1-figure) for ionospheric storminess at Washington, D. C., during 12-hour period, on an arbitrary scale of 0 to 9, 9 representing the greatest disturbance.
**Average for 12 hours of Cheltenham, Maryland, geomagnetic K-figures on an arbitrary scale of 0 to 9, 9 representing the greatest disturbance.
—Dashes indicate continuing storm.
34
Table 62
Sudden Ionosphere Disturbances Observed at Washington. D. C.
January 1949
1949 GCT Relative intensity
Day Beginning End Location of transmitters' at minimum*
Other phenomena
January 15 1945 2025 Ohio, D.C. 0.05
15 2154 2215 Ohio, D.C. 0.3 Terr.mag.pulse**
16 1658 1715 Ohio, D.C., England 0.1
2149-2155
19 2025 2100 Ohio, D.C. 0.2 Terr.mag.pulse**
20 1730 1755 Ohio, D.C., England 0.1
2023-2040 Solar flare*** 2030
Terr.mag.pulse**
20 1902 1940 Ohio, D.C., England 0.1 1727-1750
24 1545 1600 Ohio, D.C., England 0.3
25 2043 2100 Ohio, D.C. 0.1
31 1946 2020 Ohio, D.C. 0.05
♦Ratio of received field intensity during SID to average field intensity before and after, for station W8XAL, 6080 kilocycles, 600 kilometers distant.
**As observed on Cheltenham magnetogram of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.
♦♦♦Time of observation at McMath-Hulbert Observatory, Michigan.
Table 63
Sudden Ionosphere Disturbances Reported by Engineer-in-Chief.
Cable and Wireless. Ltd., as Observed in England
1948 Day
GCT Beginning End
Receiving station Location of transmitters
December 23 1215 1300 Brentwood Austria, Bahrein I., Belgian Congo, Bulgaria,
23 1215 1240 Somerton
Canary Is., Chile, Greece, India, Iran, Kenya, Madagascar, Malta, Palestine, Portugal, Southern Rhodesia, Spain, Switzerland, Syria, Trans-Jordan, Turkey, U.S.S.R., Yugoslavia, Zanzibar
Aden, Argentina, Ascension I., Australia,
30 1600 1620 Sorrier ton
Barbados, Brazil, Canada, Ceylon, China, Egypt, Gold Coast, India, Malay States, New York, Union of S. Africa
Argentina, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, New York
35
Table 64
Sudden Ionosphere Disturbances Reported by
RCA Communications. Ire., as Observed
at Point Reyes. California
1949 GOT Day Beginning End Location of transmitters
January U
1 1 1 0
1
%
0
c-\ -N
. O
1 1
China, Chosen, Japan, Philippine Is.
15 2153 2230 Australia, Hawaii, Japan, Philippine Is.
23 0120 02?0 Australia, Hawaii, Japan, Philippine Is.
Table 65
Sudden Ionosphere Disturbances Reported by
International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation.
as Observed at Flatanos. Argentina
194? GCT Day Beginning End Location of transmitters
December 3 1345 1420 Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Denmark,
England, Germany, New York, Peru, Switzerland, Venezuela
7 1355 1410 Bolivia, Prazil, Chile, Denmark, England, New York, Switzerland, Venezuela
9 1154 1225 Brazil, Chile, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, New York, Spain, Venezuela
20 172S 1755 Bolivia, Prazil, Chile, Denmark, England, France, New York, Spain, Venezuela
23 1215 1330 Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Denmark, England, Germ,any, Italy, Netherlands, New York, Peru, Switzerland, Venezuela
24 1643 1710 Brazil, Chile, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, New York, Peru, Spain
27 1430 1445 Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Denmark, England, Germany, New York, Peru, Switzerland, Venezuela
27 1713 1725 Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Germany, Netherlands, New York, Peru, Spain, Venezuela
Note: Observers are invited to send to the GRPL information on times of beginning and end of sudden ionosphere disturbances for publication as above. Address letters to the Central Radio Propagation Laboratory, National Bureau of Standards, Washington 25, D. C.
36 Table 66
Provisional Radio Propagation Quality Figures (Including Comparisons with CRPL Warnings and CRPL Probable Disturbed Period Forecasts)
December 1948
Day
Horth Atlantic North Pacific
Quality figure
CRPL* Warning
CRPL** Forecast of probable disturbed Deriods
Geo¬ mag¬ netic
KCh
Quality figure
CRPL* Warning
CRPL** Forecast of probable disturbed
Deriods
Geo¬ mag¬ netic
*Ch
8 c!>
C\) —4
1 —i o 1
3-2
4
GC
T
8 o
CNJ ^ rH eg
A A c. «-»
8 ci> eg rH
1 rH o 1
3-2
4
GC
T
B ci>
eg i
r—i o 1
3-2
4
GC
T
8 8 O c!> eg h eg A A O f* 0
1-1
2
GC
T
6 ci> ** eg r4 rH
1 7 7 1 1 6 5 1 1 2 6 7 2 1 7 5 2 1 3 6 6 3 0 6 6 3 0 4 6 6 1 1 6 5 1 1 5 7 7 2 1 6 6 2 1 6 8 7 3 4 6 5 3 4 7 6 6 X X 4 3 5 (4) X X 4 3 8 7 6 X 2 2 5 5 X 2 2 9 6 7 2 1 5 5 2 1
10 7 6 1 2 5 6 1 2 11 7 6 3 2 5 6 3 2 12 6 7 1 0 6 5 1 0 13 6 6 1 3 6 5 1 3 14 5 6 X X 4 3 5 6 X X 4 3 15 5 6 X 2 2 6 5 X 2 2 16 6 6 X 2 3 6 5 X 2 3 17 6 7 X X 2 1 6 5 X X 2 1 18 6 6 2 1 5 6 2 1 19 6 6 2 1 7 5 2 1 20 6 6 1 2 5 6 1 2 21 6 6 3 3 6 5 3 3 22 6 6 X X 3 1 5 (3) X X 3 1 23 6 6 X 1 2 6 6 X 1 2 24 6 7 3 2 6 7 3 2 25 6 6 X 3 4 6 5 X 3 4 25 6 6 X X 2 1 6 5 X X 2 1 27 6 5 2 2 6 5 2 2 28 6 7 0 1 6 6 0 1 29 6 6 2 2 5 6 2 2 30 5 6 2 4 5 5 2 4 31 5 5 X 4 3 5 6 X 4 3
Score: U 0 0 1 1 M 0 0 1 1 0 24 23 24 22
(S) 2 2 3 6 s 1 5 6 2 1
L •Broadcast on WWV, Washington, D. C.
as broadcast, ••In addition to dates marked X, tne
day on forecasts more than eight days in
Times of warnings recorded to nearest half day
following was designated as a probable disturbed advance of said date: December 18.
Quality Figure Scale: 1 - Useless
2 - Very poor 3 - Poor 4 - Poor to fair 5 - Fair 6 - Fair to good 7 - Good 8 - Very good 9 - Excellent
Symbols: X Warning given or
probable disturbed date
H Quality 4 or worse on day or half day of warning
M Quality 4 or worse on day or half day of no warning
ft Quality 5 or better on day of no warn¬
ing
(S) Quality 5 on day of warning
S Quality S or better
on day of warning
( ) Quality 4 or worse (disturbed)
Geomagnetic on the standard scale of 0 to 9, 9 representing the greatest disturbance
37
Table 67
American and Zlirlcb Provisional Relative Sunsoot Numbers
January 1949
Date V V* Date V RZ**
1 128 108 17 212 143
2 144 95 18 217 161
3 112 82 19 221 177
4 111 88 20 221 169
5 103 70 21 187 167
6 105 87 22 182 153
7 124 91 23 179 158
8 135 94 24 182 152
9 145 106 25 169 152
10 155 118 26 139 139
11 147 109 27 117 90
12 130 114 28 109 86
13 166 122 29 95 80
14 165 125 30 127 90
15 158 118 31 185 119
16 183 138 Mean: 153*3 119.4
■^Combination of reports from 46 observers; see page 8. **Dependent on observations at Zurich Observatory and its
stations at Locarno and Arose.
38 TaVle_ 68 a
Coronal observations at Climax, Colorado (5303A) , east limb
Date Degrees north of thi solar equator 0° Degrees south of the solar equator
GCT 90 85 8o 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 9-3
19/9 Jan. 6.8 X X X X X X X 9 9 lc. 18 17 13 20 85 88 18 19 19 13 18 18 16 10 8 6 2 2 0
7.8 - - - - - 9 3 e; b IS 8/ >3 9 9 33 35 30 ’5 9 9 99 81 99 27 16 12 10 6 /, 3 3 9 0 11.9 X - - - - - - 3 7 n 10 80 ->Q 85 17 15 13 31 9 13 15 89 20 13 8 8 8 4 3 3 2 - - - - - *
I?.* 3 - - - - - ? / A 6 1 8 1 / 33 75 84 86 90 99 20 87 9<* 30 '0 83 80 15 3 9 13 10 5 3 9 - - - - - #
13.8 3 / 7 9 10 18 13 3 5 14 1/ 13 17 16 15 15 14 1.8 31 5 7 9 3 9 9 9 9 - - - *
17.8 3 / 8 8 33 13 1/ O 10 15 16 1/ 12 12 9 3 3 7 6 4 3 ft 19.7 1 9 3 3 O 3 4 7 10 13 9 17 13 9 8 4 #
81.7 - - 3 1 9 y /, b =; 9 9 10 13 18 9/ 87 80 83 39 85 21 15 15 11 9 3 4 4 5 5 4 3 3 9 9 3 «
85.3 ■> r 10 1/ 3 3 3 8 19 83 20 13 99 13 13 11 8 6 5 5 4 2 - - - -
99.8 - - 9 •c. 9 3 4 5 4 3 3 8 11 19 13 12 13 31 12 14 16 ?5 98 14 14 13 3 9 «
♦Beginning January 11, m»esurements are made directly on solar rotation coordinates.
Tal le ■' Qa
Coronal observations at Climax, Colorado ' (6374A) . east limb
ate Degrees north of the solar equator 0° Degrees south of the solar equator p
GCT 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
1949 an. 6.8 X X X X X X X _ 10 9 3 9 13 10 8 10 2 9 5 14 12 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ «. 0
7.8 4 A 5 1 1 9 1 1 16 q 13 11 9 7 31 14 3 9 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 0
11.9 X _ 9 9 t\
3 3 2 3 1 _ 1 9 3 38 / / 4 4 3 1 1 5 8 9 1 1 8 3 3 1 1 2 1 9.3 9 3 /, 3 9 3 1 1 1 3 3 0 9 9 ?. 18 1 1 1 12 18 10 7 9 3 1 - - - - 1 1 1 “ 3
13.15 2 2 9 3 3 2 1 3 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 13 9 9 9 3 5 4 3 3 - - - - - 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 #
17.3 2 9 1 ■> _ _ _ _ - _ 1 1 9 O 12 10 9 1 3 33 12 9 3 3 1 1 - 3 1 1
19.7 1 1 2 3 4 1 3 9 1 1
81.7 2 4 10 l - - i 7 1 3 4 1 *
85.8 1 l 1 8 10 q 1 1 *
39.8 9 4 3 1 _
10 11 8 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ — — —
•Beginning January 11, measurements are made directly on solar rotation coordinates.
Table 70a
Coronal observations at Climax, Colorado (6704A), east limb
ate GCT
949
90 85
7.8 11.9 13.8 13.8 17.8 19.7
X X
X
31.7 35.8 39.8
Degrees north of the solar equator_ 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10~
XX XXX---1111111 -------11139 3-33 _________1 33391 ________looo233 --------lllllll ________-_lllll
---11139 ----1111 11111111
0 Degrees 3outh of the solar equator_ 5" 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40~ 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
1111111--
lllllll-- 11111221-
1193331-- 111393111 111111111 ----13 111 332111111
1111111131
‘Beginning January 3.1, measurements are made directly on solar rotation coordinates
o o
*
39 Table 68b
Coronal observations at Climax, Colorado (5303A). west limb
Date Degrees south of the solar equator Degrees north of the solar equator —
P GCT 90 85 S3 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 1949
Jan. 6.8 - „ _ 2 2 o 3 4 5 8 8 11 75 20 72 ’3 73 L8 19 19 19 20 19 15 10 5 4 4 3 X X X X X X 0 7.8 - - - ? ? 3 3 4 5 5 b b 10 17 50 75 30 3’ OO p3 74 ->4 OO 16 14 12 11 8 7 5 5 4 4 - - - - 0
11.9 2 3 3 3 3 4 7 10 14 ’3 15 13 12 10 12 15 17 14 13 8 7 6 5 3 2 2 X X X X X *
17.8 - - - - - 3 6 10 9 9 10 12 1? 18 27 31 15 9 r8 9 20 ’3 73 22 51 17 10 6 6 9 8 8 $ 9 5 4 3 «
13.8 - - - - - 4 6 6 7 8 10 11 15 19 73 22 19 10 10 14 14 14 10 12 13 10 3 6 5 3 3 - - - - - *
17.8 - - - - 2 3 3 4 5 5 3 9 10 12 15 22 24 24 14 4 4 6 8 9 10 8 5 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 - - - «
19.7 5 6 10 14 26 76 15 12 11 14 15 15 15 14 13 13 9 3 3 *
71.7 7 - - - - - - - 2 2 5 1C 70 70 ->U 0% 73 20 70 26 25 34 25 75 75 19 14 9 5 '>‘5.8 4 7 14 16 27 20 20 17 15 14 16 17 16 17 18 11 9 5 4 3 2 «
79.8 4 6 9 10 11 12 13 13 16 14 13 13 14 15 18 12 12 17 13 12 10 8 5 #
•Beginning January 11, measurements are made directly on solar rotation coordinates.
Table 69b
Coronal observations at Climax, Colorado (6374A), west limb
Date Degrees south of the solar equator 0° Degrees north of the solar equator
GCT 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 1949
Jan. 6.8 1 0 4 3 1 1 3 0 3 - - X X X X X X 0 7.8 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 0 1 7 10 6 7 8 8 3 1 - - 1 1 2 O 2 4 0
11.9 1 1 1 2 1 0 3 3 3 1 X X X X X * 15.8 0 1 1 0 O - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 O * 13.8 1 1 1 1 - - - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 - - 1 1 1 2 3 9 *
17.8 - - 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 3 4 4 4 - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 #
19.7 3 2 0 3 0 1 3 4 15 14 1 ') 0 O 0 1 «
51.7 1 1 1 1 - - 1 3 / / 3 0 6 4 5 13 10 17 11 9 10 15 5 1 - 15 2 2 3?o 2 O 0 2 2 55.8 1 1 1 1 111 1 _ - 1 1 1 1 10 3 4 2 - 2 4 5 3 3 1 111 2 7 2 2 2 0 2 2 1 #
59.8 17 11 10 9 9 8 10 8 7 7 1- - - - 1 1 0 2 2 *
•Beginning January 11, measurements are made directly oh solar rotation coordinates.
Table 70b
Coronal observations at Climax, Colorado (6704A), west limb
40 GRAPHS OF IONOSPHERIC DATA
Fig. I. WASHINGTON, D. C.
39. 0°N, 77. 5°W_JANUARY 194 9
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me
Fig. 2. WASHINGTON, D C. JANUARY 1949
Fig. 3. LINDAU/HARZ, GERMANY
51.6°N, 10.1°E_DECEMBER 1948
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY ■ 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY ■ 7 Me.
Fig,4. LINDAlj/HARZ, GERMANY DECEMBER 1948
41
UJO 5Z — UJ .
O*- 30 cr ^
cl o
—1 !LOCAL TIME
t A / 1 f=T s 0 0 2 0 4 c
u- 6
% C J. 8 0
J. 1 2
V 1 4
*■
1
<
6 —
8 2 0 2 2 0
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me
ig 6 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS DECEMBER 1948
42 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
5 *
2 400
H
300 o LJ
X 200
< j? 100
cr
>
F2
EJ-
PE
RC
EN
TA
GE
OF
TO
TA
L
TIM
E
FO
R
f E
s>
LIM
ITIN
G
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
_rooJ-frcn(D
'Q
<D
U)0
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
C
LOCAL TIME
[ \ \ I \
/ r
1 —*■
V T
~r / — f \
f
r- \ / \ \
\ V / V. t \
\ \ / \„ --
/
— / /
\
00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me.
Fig. 10. WHITE SANDS, NEW MEXICO DECEMBER 194 8
43
00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
5 *
h _ o 300 Ino data] UJ
1 200
3T
UA
5
o
>
\ LOCAL TIME
90
>- 80 UJO 52 - UJ hD70
l_ cr gu. 60
U.2 Op 50
W5 o ! 1
H A u
UJ UJ
a: ^
a. p “■ 20
1
10 T~
k
I J
i /\ / L* iA 00 02 04 06 08 10 2 14 16 18 20 22 00
F'g 14
— LIMITING FREQUENCY
LIMITING FREQUENCY
OKINAWA I.
= 5 Me
= 7 Me
DECEMBER 1948
00 0 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
5 ! |
2 400 "
- i- X 300 (S UJ ...
F2
—
1 200 — fT
< ^ IOC
H • -
> 0 “
100 LOCAL TIME
I
90
~r
i !
> 80 UJ O 52 P^ 70
_ -4 1 1
JR <T Ul
go qU. t>u
Op 50 A
o—. <-J 40 P A J UJUI
30 \ Q.O \ L AN,
1 L \ l
J L *N 00 02 04 06 08 0 12 14 6 18 20 22 00
limiting FREQUENCY = 3 Me
— — LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
- - LIMITING FREQUENCY • 7 Me
Fig. 16 MAUI, HAWAII DECEMBER 948
44
Fig. 17 SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO
18 4°N, 66. I°W_DECEMBER 194 8
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Mc.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me.
Fig 18 SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO DECEMBER 1948
00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
5
^ 400
F~ F2
o 30 IxJ
< l£J
>
7 LOCAL TIME >
90 1 L \
>- 80 LlI O 5z
1-3 70
JO
\
<T LlI h-f 60 l: 0U- 60 V
—
u_ z: O 50
L|
e>- <-* 40 H A
V —
L LlI LlI
) \ 30 7 I
0-O / ' — *i k i
7 t 'J \
l r * / k V
<• V =3
L- Y / ir A. 7 L r
IT lL 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me
— — LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
— LIMITING FREQUENCY 7 Me
Fig. 20 TRINIDAD, BRIT WEST INDIES DECEMBER 1948
45
46
00 02 04 06 00 10 2 14 16 18 20 22 00
s
2 400
o '00 /
F2 ' -J <
3 100 £T
H
>
LOCAL TIME
90
> 80 LUO 52 — LU •“ Z> 70 jO
^a: r 0^6° r \
U-Z op 50 \T 7 \
f A r w 5 o —. < -1 40
z A
r 1 \ / C L. 1
Lul LlJ Om- 30 £cr
\ f / \ / T V. t
CL O ^ 20
*">
f \
V- / ro
L ■*- V / \, A
j i /
-(
V. 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
— LIMITING FREQUENCY 3 Me
— — LIMITING FREQUENCY 5 Me
—- — LIMITING FREQUENCY 7 Me
Fig. 26. LINDAU/HARZ, GERMANY NOVEMBER 194 8
47
Inc D XT A
00 02 04 06 08 10 12
-LIMITING FREQUENCY • 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY> 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY ■ 7 Me
Fig. 31. OKINAWA I.
/ rLOCAL TIME'
*
-
/
/ 1 \ r / s./
1 K2
4 7^
L. r- s
NOVEMBER 1948
48
00 02 04 06
5 *
2 400
|300 UJ
1 200 _l <
tool ir
> 0
100
90
> 00 U O 5Z — UJ ^0 70 jO <LJ L— CH
O0- 60 Ho u.Z or 50
H- A Z in UJ UJ Oh-
li.
_ FI
£j
LOCAL TIME
/
/• V . j
r \ .— V 7
7 V / t 1 r r j r
/ \ f \ /
/ f
/ j r
k "7 V" \ N k i /
— —
\
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me
Fig 33 JOHANNESBURG U OF S AFRICA NOVEMBER 1948
49
50
Fig. 40. WAKKANAI, JAPAN
4 5.4°N, 141.7°E_OCTOBER 194 8
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
;-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me.
Fig. 41. WAKKANAI, JAPAN OCTOBER 1948
51
CO 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
2
Z 400
h* I 300 o Ixl
X 200 _J <
ioo tr > .
F2
FJ_
FI
1-INTERPOLATED F 1-LAYER VALUE
PE
RC
EN
TA
GE
OF
TO
TA
L T
IME
F
OR
fEs>
LIM
ITIN
G
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
_rooi^y»<
j*-«jO
)U
)C
O
OO
OO
OO
OO
C
LOCAL TIME / > k 7 v f t r \
A
/ LT
i 'A s. S \
j V / \
t >
7 u
L t
4 / ■N “N / \
T LI —
■> 1 T 1 i l A / K \V \
\ V 4 A j A A 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
-LIMITING FREQUENCY * 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY =■ 7 Me
Fig 46 SHIBATA, JAPAN OCTOBER 1948
52
53
00 02 04 06 08 0 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
5 *
virtual
heig
ht
in
o
o
o
c >
o
o
o
c
F2 L FT N
S'
PE
RC
EN
TA
GE
OF
TO
TA
L T
IME
F
OR
fEs>
LIM
ITIN
G
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
—
rooi-£»(j'0
Y'«
i0D
U)O
ooooo
oo
oo
oc
LOCAL TIME r
JT
V A L A
,7 \
. \l A n M
7 V T
/ u d i l / \ / 1 Y t
U - l 1
/" \j L 1 \ \ / /
- ^ r- V / \ / 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me
Fig. 52. YAMAKAWA, JAPAN OCTOBER 1948
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me
Fig. 54. NANKING, CHINA OCTOBER 1948
54
UJ O 5Z — UJ
UJ5 o—. <- *- A
F2
\ - 1
\ 3= |--- INTERPOLATED E-LAYER VALUE”!
7 r~
/ LOCAL TIME
t V J \ 7
lL \
<L
/ \
L 1 \ j \
S- k / i \ f \ \ J 1 \ t \ / \
/ \ \\ T / ✓
Y’ \ / 1 ! -V-
T~ V 1
-.1 J di j. Li' V /
L j «r-
00 02 04 06 08 10
--LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY= 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me
Fig. 56 CHUNGKING, CHINA OCTOBER 1948
55
Fig. 59. BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA
2?5°S, 153 0°E_OCTOBER 1948
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY= 5 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY => 7 Me.
Fig. 60 BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA OCTOBER 1948
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me.
Fig. 62. WATHEROO, W. AUSTRALIA OCTOBER 1948
56
Fig 63 CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA
35 3°S, 149 0°E 0CT08ER 194 8
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me.
Fig 64 CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA OCTOBER 1948
Fig 65. HOBART, TASMANIA
42 8°S , 1474aE OCTOBER 1948
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me
Fig 66 HOBART, TASMANIA OCTOBER 1948
57
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me.
Fig. 68 CHRISTCHURCH, N.Z OCTOBER 1948 |
-LIMITING FREQUENCY • 3 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY • 5 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY • 7 Me.
Fig. 70 LANCHOW, CHINA SEPTEMBER 1948
58
59
00 02 0 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0 o !
2 1 |F2] 1 Z 500 _
_ CM
15400 1
ro
“ 300 o
t— ... ....
t—
^ ion zul U) 100 X
100 ' LOCAL TIME
90
UJ o 00
— UJ rD70 jO < £ 1— cc
60 —
U. 2- [il io DA FA] O50
o —, <3 40 H A
UJ UJ
Crr tO
20
10
00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 6 18 20 22 00
Fig. 78.
LIMITING FREQUENCY
LIMITING FREQUENCY
LIMITING FREQUENCY
MADRAS, INDIA
= 3 Me.
■ 5 Me
* 7 Me.
SEPTEMBER 1948
60
Fig 79 RAROTONGA l.
21 3°S, I59.8°W SEPTEMBER 1948
z 400
H ^ 300 O UJ
1 200 J < ^ 100
<z
> 0
100
90
>80 UJ o 22 — UJ
70 jO
I— S'- 60
U-Z O- 50
- Ft s E3
ItJ
JJ
~T LOCAL TIME
/I \
\ T \ /
\ J
, I71
r \ 1 / 1
\ 1
\ r- - z'
\ r \
1 > \
/ \ / \
00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY=7 Me
Fig 80 RAROTONGA !.
16 18 20 22 00
SEPTEMBER 1948
Fig. 81. HOBART, TASMANIA
42. 8°S, 147 4°E_SEPTEMBER 1948
-LIMITING
-LIMITING
-LIMITING
FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
FREQUENCY = 5 Me.
FREQUENCY= 7 Me
Fig.82. HOBART, TASMANIA SEPTEMBER 1948
61
62
Fig. 87. MADRAS, INDIA
13. 0°N, SO^E_AUGUST 1948
-LIMITING FREQUENCY - 3 Me.
-LIMITING FREQUENCY • 5 Me
-LIMITING FREQUENCY • 7 Me
Fig.88. MADRAS, INDIA AUGUST 1948
63
^ 00 0 2 04 06 08 1 0 12 14 16 18 20 22 00
F2
2 - 500 CM
/\ / r —
N A
^ 400 to
\ f V /
CD
O 300 '
" <
fcj: 200
O
£ 100
100 ■ 1 LOCAL TIME II
90
TO
TA
L T
IME
,
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
cn
-M
<x>
o
o
o
In D 0 AT b u_2 Op 50
wi CD —, < 40 H A
LULU Oh- 30 CL „ LU £ CL O
^ 20
10
00 02 04 06 08 10 1 2 14 16 18 20 22 00
— — LIMITING FREQUENCY = 5 Me
- - LIMITING FREQUENCY = 7 Me
Fig. 92. BOMBAY, INDIA JULY 1948
-LIMITING
-LIMITING
-LIMITING
FREQUENCY = 3 Me.
FREQUENCY = 5 Me
FREQUENCY =7 Me
Fig 94. MADRAS, INDIA JULY 1948
u
Index of Tables and Graphs of Ionospheric Data
in CRPL-P54
Baton rouge, Louisiana December 194?
Bombay, India September 194? . . . August 194? ................ Inly 1p4? ...9 ....... ......
Boston, Lussachusetts December lc4? ...............
Brisbane, Australia October 194? ...............
Canberra, Australia October lc4? . .............
Capetown Union of S. Africa November 194? .....
Christchurch, New Zealand November 1°4? . . . , ......... October 194? ... , . .........
Chungking, China November 1°4? ......... . . . . October 194? .... ... . . . ,
Delhi, India September 194? ... ...... August 194? ...... ... . . .. July 194? . ..........
Fukaura, Japan ctober 194? ............. . .
iobart, Tas^ nia Ictober 194? .......... . .
September 194? ....... . . . . . Nuanca; o, Peru
December 194? ........ . . Johannes! ;rg, Union of S. Africa
No/ember 194? ............... Lanchow, China
October 194? ....... .... September 194? ........... . .
Lind.au/ larz, Oerranv December 194" .... . ........ November 194? ........ . . . . .
Madras, India September 194? ....... ..... August 194? ....... .... Julv 194? .............. . .
Table page-
10
1?
19 20
9
16
17
13
13 17
12 16
IB
19 20
14
17 19
11
13
15 17
Q
12
1?
20 20
Figure page
42
59 61
63
41
55
56
49
49 57
4,7 54
5? 61 62
50
56 60
45
4?
52 57
40 ■ f,
65
Index (CRPL-F54, continued)
Table page Figure pare
Maui, Hawaii Decer.ber 194? ............... 10 43
Nanking, China October 194?. 15 53 September 194?. 1? 5?
Okinawa I. December 194?. 10 43 November 194?. 12 4V
Palmyra I. December 194? ............... 11 45
Peiping, China November 194? ............... 12 46 October 194? 14 51
Rarotonga I. October 194? ............... 16 54 September 194? 19 60
San Francisco, California December 194? . 9 41
San Juan, Puerto Rico December 194? ......... . 11 44
Shibata, Japan October 194? ... . 14 51
Tokyo, Japan October 194? . 15 52
Trinidad, Frit, lest Indies December 194?.. 11 44
Wakkanai, Japan October 194?. . 14 50
Washington, D. C. January 1949 . 9 40
Natheroo, 1. Australia November 194?. 13 4? October 194?. 16 55
White Sands, New Mexico December 194? ......... 10 42
Yamakawa, Japan October 194? ............... 15 53
CRPL and IRPL Reports Daily:
Radio disturbance warnings, every half hour from broadcast station WWV of the National Bureau of Standards. Telephoned and telegraphed reports of ionospheric, solar, geomagnetic, and radio propagation data.
Weekly: CRPL-J. Radio Propagation Forecast (of days most likely to be disturbed during following month).
Semimonthly: CRPL-Ja. Semimonthly Frequency Revision Factors for CRPL Basic Radio Propagation Prediction Reports.
Monthly: CRPL-D. Basic Radio Propagation Predictions—Three months in advance. (Dept, of the Army, TB 11-499-,
monthly supplements to TM 11-499; Dept, of the Navv, DNC-13-1 ( ), monthly supplements to DNC-13-1.-)
CRPL-F. Ionospheric Data.
Quarterly: ♦IRPL-A. Recommended Frequency Bands for Ships and Aircraft in the Atlantic and Pacific. ♦IRPL-H. Frequency Guide for Operating Personnel.
Nonscheduled reports: CRPL-1-1. Prediction of Annual Sunspot Numbers. CRPL-1-2, 3-1. High Frequency Radio Propagation Charts for Sunspot Minimum and Sunspot Maximum. CRPL-1-3. Some Methods for General Prediction of Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances. CRPL-1-4. Observations of the Solar Corona at Climax, 1944-46. CRPL-1-5. Comparison of Predictions of Radio Noise with Observed Noise Levels. CRPL-1-6. The Variability of Sky-Wave Field Intensities at Medium and High Frequencies. CRPL-7-1. Preliminary Instructions for Obtaining and Reducing Manual Ionospheric Records. NBS Circular 462. Ionospheric Radio Propagation. NBS Circular 465. Instructions for the Use of Basic Radio Propagation Predictions.
Reports issued in past: IRPL-C61. Report of the International Radio Propagation Conference, 17 April to 5 May 1944. IRPL-G1 through G12. Correlation of D. F. Errors With Ionospheric Conditions. IRPL-R. Nonscheduled reports:
R4. Methods Used by IRPL for the Prediction of Ionosphere Characteristics and Maximum Usable Frequencies. R5. Criteria for Ionospheric Storminess. R6. Experimental Studies of Ionospheric Propagation as Applied to the Loran System. R7. Second Report on Experimental Studies of Ionospheric Propagation as Applied to the Loran System. R9. An Automatic Instantaneous Indicator of Skip Distance and MUF. RIO. A Proposal for the Use of Rockets for the Study of the Ionosphere. Rll. A Nomographic Method for Both Prediction and Observation Correlation of Ionosphere Characteristics. R12. Short Time Variations in Ionospheric Characteristics. R14. A Graphical Method for Calculating Ground Reflection Coefficients. R15. Predicted Limits for F2-layer Radio Transmission Throughout the Solar Cycle. R16. Predicted F2-layer Frequencies Throughout the Solar Cycle, for Summer, Winter, and Equinox Season. R17. Japanese Ionospheric Data—1943. R18. Comparison of Geomagnetic Records and North Atlantic Radio Propagation Quality Figures—October
1943 Through May 1945. R19. Nomographic Predictions of F2-layer Frequencies Throughout the Solar Cycle, for June. R20. Nomographic Predictions of F2-layer Frequencies Throughout the Solar Cycle, for September. R21. Notes on the Preparation of Skip-Distance and MUF Charts for Use by Direction-Finder Stations. (For
distances out to 4000 km.) R22. Nomographic Predictions of F2-layer Frequencies Throughout the Solar Cycle, for December. R23. Solar-Cycle Data for Correlation with Radio Propagation Phenomena. R24. Relations Between Band Width, Pulse Shape and Usefulness of Pulses in the Loran System. R25. The Prediction of Solar Activity as a Basis for the Prediction of Radio Propagation Phenomena. R26. The Ionosphere as a Measure of Solar Activity. R27. Relationships Between Radio Propagation Disturbance and Central Meridian Passage of Sunspots Grouped
by Distance From Center of Disc. R28. Nomographic Predictions of F2-layer Frequencies Throughout the Solar Cycle, for January. R30. Disturbance Rating in Values of IRPL Quality-Figure Scale from A. T. & T, Co. Transmission Disturb¬
ance Reports to Replace T. D. Figures as Reported. R31. North Atlantic Radio Propagation Disturbances, October 1943 Through October 1945. R32. Nomographic Predictions of F2-layer Frequencies Throughout the Solar Cycle, for February. R33. Ionospheric Data on File at IRPL. R34. The Interpretation of Recorded Values of fEs. R35. Comparison of Percentage of Total Time of Second-Multiple Es Reflections and That of fEs in Excess of
3 Me. IRPL-T. Reports on tropospheric propagation:
Tl. Radar operation and weather. (Superseded by JANP 101.) T2. Radar coverage and weather. (Superseded by JANP 102.)
CRPL-T3. Tropospheric Propagation and Radio-Meteorology. (Reissue of Columbia Wave Propagation Group WPG-5.)
•Items beariDg this symbol are distributed only by U. S. Navy. They are issued under one cover as the DNC-14 series.
I