Electrical Measuring InstrumentsChapter 5: OscilloscopesElectrical Systems Series 724.1

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Masters

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Fig. 5-1. Oscilloscope

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Fig. 5-2. Difference between an analog and a digital oscilloscope

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Fig. 5-3. Electron beam makes the screen glow

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Fig. 5-4. The effects caused by the vertical andhorizontal deflection plates

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Fig. 5-5. Plot of voltage levels in a horizontal time-based sweep

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Fig. 5-6. An “ideal” sine wave graph

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Fig. 5-7. Block diagram showing vertical and horizontalcircuits in an analog oscilloscope

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Fig. 5-8. A graticule

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Fig. 5-9. Graphs of sweep time adjusted toequal one cycle of the input signal

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Fig. 5-10. Drifting display created when sweeptime equals period of input

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Fig. 5-11. Graph analyzing a typical triggered sweep

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Fig. 5-12. Hand-held digital oscilloscope

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Fig. 5-13. A dual-beam oscilloscope and adual-trace display

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Fig. 5-14. Dual traces produced by the chop method

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Fig. 5-15. Block diagram of a dual-trace oscilloscope thatuses the chop method to produce two traces

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Fig. 5-16. Segments of two input signals displayedin three frames by the chop method

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Fig. 5-17. Signal samplings

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Fig. 5-18. Control of waveform height

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Fig. 5-19. Control of the time base (sweep speed)

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Fig. 5-20. Oscilloscope probe and accessories

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Fig. 5-21. How to measure rise time, fall time, and pulse width

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Fig. 5-22. Two sine waves with same frequency ported to X and Yaxes, with selected phase shifts shown

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Fig. 5-23. Critical dimensions for calculatingphase angle

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Fig. 5-24. Screen patterns formed by in-phase andout-of-phase combinations of sine waves

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Fig. 5-25. Clean sine wave and “noisy” one

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Fig. 5-26. A distorted sine wave

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Fig. 5-27. Combined harmonics, creating a complex waveform

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Fig. 5-28. Simulated screen of a harmonics analyzer

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Fig. 5-29. A hand-held harmonics analyzer