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CRWR-PrePro
Francisco “Paco” Olivera, Ph.D.Center for Research in Water Resources
University of Texas at Austin
Francisco Olivera1998 ESRI User ConferenceGIS Hydro 98 - Preconference SeminarCRWR-PreProJuly 26, 1998
The Team
Brian Adams Ximing Cai Aubrey Dugger Ferdinand Hellweger David Maidment Francisco Olivera Seann Reed
Overview
What is CRWR-PrePro?
Spatial Data
Input file fornon-GIS applications
CRWR-PrePro
What is CRWR-PrePro today?
Spatial Data
Basin file forHEC-HMS
Not all HMS optionsare included yet.
CRWR-PrePro
CRWR-PrePro Components
Watershed Characterization
Hydrologic Model Extraction
Model schematic andHEC-HMS basin file
What is HEC-HMS?
“It is a new generation software for precipitation-runoff simulation that supersedes the HEC-1 Flood Hydrograph Package.” HEC-HMS User’s Manual
It is a Windows version of HEC-1.
HEC-HMS Components
Control FileTime-related information
for a simulation
Precipitation File
Meteorological data
Basin FileParameter and
connectivity data for hydrologic elements
HEC-HMSSimulation
Previous Work
Watershed Delineator ArcView Extension
[ESRI-TNRCC]
Flood Flow Calculator
ArcView Extension[CRWR-TxDOT]
HECPREPRO ArcView Project
[CRWR-HEC]
CRWR-PreProArcView Project
[CRWR]
WatershedCharacterization
Watershed Characterization
Terrain Analysis
Stream-Watershed Delineation
Calculation of Hydrologic Parameters
WatershedCharacterization
Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis
Burn-In Streams[Grid]
Fill Sinks[Grid]
Flow Direction[Grid]
Flow Accumulation[Grid]
DEM[Grid]
DigitizedStream Network
[Line Coverage]
Hydrologic GIS Functions
Flow direction codes
1
248
16
32 64 128
71
56
445369
74
78 72 69 71
4768
58 55
21
31
67
58
49 46
37 38
64 22
61 16
Digital elevation model (DEM)
22
2 2 2
2
4 4
4 4
1 1 2 4 8
128
128 1 2 4
128 1 41
128
Flow direction grid
Stream NetworkFlow accumulation grid
0 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 2 1
0
0
0 0 0
3 8 5 2
1 1 20 0
1 24
Burn-In Streams
45
44
38
34
40
45
50
60
58
31
30
53
50
45
32
22
45
44
38
34
40
45
50
60
58
31
30
53
50
45
32
22
145
144
138
134
140
145
150
160
158
131
130
153
150
145
132
122
38
34
30
22
145
144
38
34
140
145
150
160
158
131
30
153
150
145
132
22
DEM creek Digitized creek
Digitized creek Raised DEM Burned-in DEM
DEM andDigitized Stream Network
Burned-In DEM
Elevation is increased by a fixed value in all DEM cells, except in those that coincide with the digitized stream network.
Flow Direction
Water flows to one of its neighbor cells according to the direction of the steepest descent.
Flow direction takes one out eight possible values.
Flow Accumulation
Flow accumulation is a measure of the drainage area in units of grid cells.
WatershedCharacterization
Stream-Watershed Delineation
Stream-Watershed Delineation
Stream NetworkDefinition
Watershed Delineation
Watershed OutletDefinition
Raster to VectorConversion
Stream Network Definition
AutomaticCells draining more area
than a user-defined threshold value.
InteractiveCells located downstream of
user-identified cells.
Stream Network[Grid]
Stream Network
All grid cells draining more than a user-defined threshold value (blue streams), or located downstream of user-defined cells (red streams) are part of the stream network.
Stream Segmentation
Stream segments (links) are the sections of a stream channel connecting two successive junctions, a junction and an outlet, or a junction and the drainage divide.
Watershed Outlet Definition
AutomaticMost downstream cells of
the stream segments
InteractiveUser-identified cells
[outlets, reservoirs, control points, etc.]
Watershed Outlets[Grid]
Watershed Outlets
The most downstream cells of the stream segments (brown cells), and the user-defined points (red dots) are the watershed outlets.
Modified Stream Segmentation
The interactively defined outlets modify the stream segmentation by subdividing the segment in which are located into two segments.
Watershed Delineation
Watershed Delineation
Watershed Outlets
Watershed Delineation
The drainage area of each watershed outlet (stream segment) is delineated.
Raster to Vector Conversion
WatershedVectorization
StreamVectorization
Merging of Watersheds
Dissolving SpuriousPolygons
Raster to Vector Conversion
Streams and watersheds are converted from raster to vector format.
Dissolving Spurious Polygons
Cells connected to the main watershed polygon through a corner are defined as a separate polygon (spurious polygon).
These polygons are dissolved into the main polygon.
Merging of Watersheds
Adjacent watershed polygons can be merged into a single polygon, if they share their outlet or one flows into the other.
Merging of Watersheds
The attribute tables are updated so that the watershed code (WshCode) of the streams is modified and the area of the new polygon is calculated.
WatershedCharacterization
Calculation of Hydrologic Parameters
Flow Length Downstreamto the Watershed Outlet
Flow Length Upstreamto the Watershed Divide
Longest Flow-Path
Watershed Lag-Time (SCS)
Flow length upstream and downstream
AverageCurve Number
Length and slope of the longest flow-
path
Identification of the longest flow-path
Lag-time
Watershed Lag-Time (SCS)
5.0
7.08.0w
p S67.31
]9)CN/1000[(Lt
tp: watershed lag-time (min)LW: length of longest flow-path (ft)CN: average Curve NumberS: slope of the longest flow-path (%)
Watershed Lag-Time (L/V)
Flow length upstream and downstream
Longest flow-path average velocity
Length of the longest flow-path
Lag-time
Watershed Lag-Time (L/V)
w
wp V60
L3048.06.0t
tp: watershed lag-time (min)Lw: length of longest flow-path (ft)Vw: longest flow-path average velocity (m/s)
Watershed Abstractions
Average Curve Number
SCS MethodInitial + Constant
Method
Initial Loss (mm)Constant Loss
(mm/hr)
Watershed Parameters
Stream Routing Method
Flow time (Ls/Vs)
Ls/Vs < t
MuskingumRouting
Ls/Vs > t
Pure LagRouting
Pure Lag Routing
s
slag V60
Lt
tlag: stream lag-time (min)Ls: length of longest flow-path (m)Vs: longest flow-path average velocity (m/s)
Muskingum Routing
s
s
V3600
LK
K: Muskingum K (hr)X: Muskingum XLs: length of longest flow-path (m)Vs: longest flow-path average velocity (m/s)n: number of sub-reaches
1t
V/LX2intn ss
Stream Parameters
Hydrologic Model Extraction
Hydrologic Model Extraction
Watersheds Polygons
Streams andsource streams
Shape Files of Watersheds and
Streams
Hydrologic Model Extraction
Hydrologic Model Extraction
Model Schematic and HEC-HMS
Basin File
Hydrologic Model
Connection to HEC-HMS
Model Schematic Parameter Transfer
HEC-HMS Basin File
ArcView Schematic
HEC-HMS Basin File (1)
HEC-HMS Basin File (2)
HEC-HMS Basin File (3)
HEC-HMS
Basin FileSystem Schematic
Basin FileWatershed Parameters
Basin FileWatershed Parameters
Basin FileStream Parameters
Precipitation File
Control File
Hydrograph Time Table
Hydrograph Summary
Hydrograph Plot
Where do we want to go?