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Blu-ray Disc

March 7, 2005

James Huguenin-Love

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Evolution

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper

VHS: analogDVD: digitalBD: high-definition

Enables recording,

rewriting, andplayback of high-definition video

Capable of storing

information thatthe DVD and CDare not capable ofholding

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Foundation

Blu-ray disc (BD) is appropriately named afterthe blue laser used to write the data

The first blue laser was developed in 1996 by

Shuji Nakamura (Nichia Corporation) In 2002, an alliance was formed, called the

Blu-ray Disc Association, including the likesof Sony, Samsung, Sharp, Hewlett-Packard,

and Royal Phillips The e is intentionally left out of the name

due to trademark restrictions

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Disc Characteristics

Single layer: 25 GBDual layer: 50 GB

Diameter: 120 mm

Thickness: 1.2 mm

Center hole diameter:15 mm

Uses GaN laser ofwavelength 400 nm

The smaller laser,

compared to the DVDand CD, keeps theprocess more efficient(~5 mW)

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper

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Disc Characteristics

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper

The powerconservationallows thedevelopment ofmulti-layer

platforms andhigh-speedrecording

BD-ROM: read-only format

BD-R and BD-RE:recordable formats(RE: rewritable; R:recordable once)

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Disc Characteristics

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper

Numerical Aperature measures the ability of a lens togather and focus light. As the numerical aperture

increases, the focusing power increases and the beamsize decreases Phase change implies that the disc section is either an

amorphous or crystalline state. The reflectivity changesaccordingly thus representing a binary bit

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Recorder Characteristics

Over two hours of HDTV can be placed on asingle layer BD, which correlates to over 13hours for standard TV

The transfer rate is 36 megabits per second

At 1x speed, it takes approximately 1.5 hoursto record an entire single layer BD

Recorder Cost: $1,500 - $2,500; BD Cost:$26

Expected to be available in the U.S. by 2006

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Compatibility

Courtesy

This issue has introduced a competitor, the HD-DVD, that based itstechnology around being compatible with the DVD

Recently the BDA has developed recorders that are BD/DVD/CDcompatible

JVC has advanced the BD by developing a BD/DVD combo disc that

stores both DVD and BD data. It is composed of two DVD layers and athird BD layer storing 33.5 GB total

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Protection System

HDTV contains a copyright bit that isdetected by the BD recorder. If the broadcasthas no copyright bit, then the BD recorder isallowed to store the information

Uses the Data Encryption Standard (DES)that has a key length of 56 bits

A Key Block and Disc ID are written into theROM area to prevent illegal copying

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Enhancements

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper

Error rates increased in reading and writing after theoriginal BD suffered scratches and fingerprints

For protection, the prototype BD was enclosed in a case

The case increased the size of the disc drive

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Enhancements

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper

A hard coat wasderived of anultraviolet-curableresin that has a

scratch resistancesimilar to the DVD

An artificialfingerprint reagentis placed on thedisc surface toresist fingerprintoils

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Future

Expect the BD to become more prevalentonce the HDTV market establishes itspresence

Audio and video will reach higher qualitieswith larger storage space

Look for BD with more than two layers as the

technology is further refined