CSP developmentin Italy - Academy of Athens Developments in... · CSP developmentin Italy Workshop...

All rights reserved EASAC Workshop on CSP Athens 09_12_2011 F. Fabrizi

Fabrizio Fabrizi, ENEA

CSP development in Italy

Workshop

“Solar Energy (Concentrated Solar Power)” on the occasion of EASAC’s 10th anniversary.

Main Hall of the Academy of Athens

28, Panepistimiou Ave, Athens

14:00-17:20 on Friday, December 9, 2011


A new approach to concentrating

solar plant (CSP) by ENEA

� ENEA objective

� Economic element of solar plant

� ENEA technology innovations

� Emerging concepts for CSP


Learning by doing curve

3


ENEA technology innovation

4


ENEA Roadmap: by labs to industrial demonstration (10 years)

5


Molten salt as process fluid and thermal storage

Advantages:

� High working temperature (oil 380 °C - molten salt 550 °C)

� Atmospheric pressure in the thermal storage

� Lower volume and cost for thermal storage

Molten salt is fertilizer

(60% NaNO3 40% KNO3)

Molten salt at 450 °C

6


Reflecting surface and tracking system

7


Reflecting panel manufacturing

(Ronda factory)

8


Receiver tube factory

(Archimede Solar Energy)

Angelantoni Group - Siemens

•Existing factory capacity 25.000 unit/y

•New factory redy at 2011 end

•Foreseen capacity 140.000 unit/y

9


Demonstration facility

(ISCC Archimede plant by ENEL)

10


Archimedeproject is the integration of

solar plant with gas combined plant5

11


Thermal storage tanks and Steam Generator

(under constrution)

12


Solar collectors of the Archimede plant

13

EASAC: the European Academies Science

Advisory Council

“Building science into EU

policy”

CSP Concept


Dispatchability


Technology developments

Anticipated cost reductions:


RTD basic activities

19

Solar fuels – Hydrogen production

• METISOL [ MIN. AMB. ]

COMETHY [ H2 JTD – FP7]

• TEPSI [ FISR ]

• HYCYCLES [ FP7]

• (HIMET) [ H2 JTD – FP7]

Ongoing RTD Projects

National and International

Components for CSP plants ( collectors, receiver tubes, HTFs, HSMs, et. )

• ELIOSLAB (Campania) [ FAR ]

• TUBOSOL [ INDUSTRIA 2015 ]

• ESFR (alt. coolant) [ FP7]

• EERA CSP [ FP7]

• SFERA [ FP7]

• RONDA HT Solar Collector

• D.D. Solar Collector

RTD contracts

• Industrial application of molten salts technologies [ ENI ]

• RTD on solar collector with gas as HTF [CRS4]


Scheduled Italian Activities in EERA cooperation frame

(relations to F.P. VII (F.P. VIII))

EERA - CSP - TES (Thermal Energy Storage)(F.P. VII call on TES Thermal Energy Storage, 2nd stage OPTS)

(F.P. VII call on HTF Heat thermal fluids, 2nd stage MIMOSA)

EERA – CSP – Desalination

EERA – CSP – Thermo-chemistry and solar fuels

EERA – CSP – Aging

EERA

EUROPEAN ENERGY RESEARCH ALLIANCE


Strategic vision for CSP exploitation in Italy

Medium/small size plants, up to 30÷50 MW, fed by solar and biomass,

multifunctional and suited to requirements and vocations of the territory:

• EE generation

• Tri-generation of electricity, heat and cool

• EE generation and desalination

• EE generation and H2 production (steam-CH4 reforming)

• EE generation and solar fuels production (gaseous and liquid)

• EE generation and residual biomass treatment for solar fuels production.


Ongoing Demonstration Projects

(and foreseen activities to finance)

Archimede Chain for power large plants

• ARCHIMEDE 5 MWe demonstration project in operation (ENEL)

• ARCHETYPE550+ 25 MWe project (ongoing) (FP7 ENEL+ENEA+Others)

• (ARCHETYPE30+ 30 MWe project ) (NER300 ENEL+ENEA)

(TREBIOS Chain for cogenerative multipurpose plants by solar and biomass)

• Confindustria Lazio (20 MWe + 30 Gg Ethanol)

• Comune di Roma (1 MWe + 5 Gg Ethanol)

• CISA Appennino (1 MWe + District heating)

• Comune di Montale (1 MWe + cellulose production)

•MATS (ongoing) (1 MWe+m.p+desalination) (Egypt) [ FP7]

•OPTS (ongoing) (12 MWth TES_SG demonstration) (Spain) [ FP7]

EPC stakeholders : already operating: ENEL, TECNIMONT, TECHINT

int. agreements being defined: ACS-COBRA, ABENGOA, SIEMENS, CHYODA,

SKYFUEL

Components stakeholders: RONDA, ASE, others


Direct Mollten Salts CSP system

(i.e. Archimede plant)

24


Direct MS CSP system with stratifying TES

with integrated SG

25


Test section for small scale simulation of

stratifying TES_SG concept

Schematic of a TES-SG model: the scaled down (300 kW)

SG is inserted in the storage tank of the PCS facility (it

shows also indications related to stratification phenomena )

Experimental data of a stratification test carried out in the tank

of the PCS facility

26


ROAD MAP TOWARDS HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

27


Sulfur-Iodine thermochemical cycle

2H2O+SO2+xI2 →→→→ H2SO4+2HIx (20÷÷÷÷120°C)

H2SO4 →→→→ H2O + SO2 + ½O2 (800÷÷÷÷900°C)

2HI →→→→ H2 + I2 (300÷÷÷÷500°C)

BunsenBunsen

sectionsection

HH22SOSO44

concconc.&.& decdec..

sectionsection

HIHI


sectionsection

HH22OO

½ O½ O22

HH22

HH22SOSO44

(H(H22O)O)SOSO22

HH22OO

HI (IHI (I22))

(H(H22O)O)II22(H(H22O)O)

BunsenBunsen

sectionsection

BunsenBunsen

sectionsection

HH22SOSO44


sectionsection

HH22SOSO44


sectionsection

HIHI


sectionsection

HIHI


sectionsection

HH22OO

½ O½ O22

HH22

HH22SOSO44

(H(H22O)O)SOSO22

HH22OO

HI (IHI (I22))

(H(H22O)O)II22(H(H22O)O)

Activities on thermochemical cycles


HHTEPSI project

S-I cycle laboratory plant


Solar plant

Molten salt

hot storageca. 550°C

Molten salt

cold

storage< 500°C

H.E.

reforming plantCH4

H20

H2

CO2

H2 production from solar steam-CH4 reforming


WHIICH KIND OF BIOMASS?

SHORT ROTATION FOESTRY OR ONLY SPECIALISED AGRO-ENERGETIC CULTIVATIONS?

Any kind of biomass, with ligno-cellulosic content is eligible: stocks from mais, fruments,

threes cuts and vegetable wastes from forestal activities, ecc.

31


STEAM EXPLOSION PROCESS AND FERMENTATION

32

CSP Applications & Potential

TR.E.BIO.S. project /1

• multifunctional Combined Heat and Power plants in modular small/medium size for distributed energy applications

in civil and industrial sectors, that

• significant innovations in the respect of Archimede project, including:

• a single thermal stratifying storage tank integrated with a "once-through" steam generator (expected more 50%

cost reduction),,

• a molten salts backup auxiliary heater, fed by biomass (or other renewable/fossil fuels), that allows operation all

over the year also in average sunny climates,

• optional special unit for:

• production of fresh water by a desalination unit for sea water,

• production of hydrogen (mixed in 5-10 % to methane) by a CH4-steam reforming unit at 550 °C.


MATS: Multipurpose Applications by Thermodynamic Solar

List of the Project Partners

1- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Sustainable Economic Development – ENEA (Italy)

2- TECNIMONT KT (Italy)

3- Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT (Egypt)

4- New & Renewable Energy Authority, NREA (Egypt)

5- Delft Environment (Egypt)

6- Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung d. Angewandten Forschung e.V. (ISE) (Germany)

7- University of Cranfield (UK)

8- Orascom Construction Industries, OCI (Egypt)

9- RONDA Group (Italy)

10- French Atomic Energy Commission (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, CEA) (France)

11- Archimede Solar Energy, ASE (Italy)

and CLP Project as external Sponsor

All rights reserved EASAC Workshop on CSP Athens 09_12_2011 F. Fabrizi35

MATS Project

Proposed sites just investigated

1. Borg Al-Arab (N. Coast)

(City for Science and

Technology)

Proposed sites investigated by

Egyptian Partners:

•Borg Al-Arab (N. Coast)

•Al-Arish (N. Coast)

•Zafrana (E. Coast)

•Hurgada (E. Coast)

•Marsa Alam (E. Coast)


Pictures of the site

MATS Project

Selected site

City for Science and Technology


Project deliverables and impact

Deliverables:

• Complete Solar Field working with – HTF (Molten Salts) Collection System.

• Heat & Cold Cogeneration/distribution Subsystem.

• Desalination unit type MED.

• Electrical generation Power block 1 Mw

• Backup unit fed by gas (R and NR) provided also for connection to a biomass gassifier

Impact:

• Lowering the costs of renewable energy and demonstrating solar power application’s

scalability

• Contributing to the use and development of renewable energies

• Placing EU research organizations and industries in the leading position in low carbon

technologies


Contribution to energy production by solar source and biomass (rif. Hurgada EG)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dec

SOLAR BIOMASS


Hourly pick 1 409 W/m2 Solar Rate

Yearly total 2 308 kWh/m2

Unit Length 100 m

Unit Area 540 m2

Optical Efficiency 75 % Solar Collectors

Thermal Efficiency 83 %

No Collectors 18

Total Collector Length 1800 m

Total Collector Area 9 720 m2 Solar Field

Site Area 22 000 m2

Electric Energy 3 010 MWh Annual Production

Thermal Energy 8 900 MWh

Electric Power 1,0 MW el

Outlet Thermal Power 4,0 MW th

Inlet Thermal Power 5,7 MW th

Type MED Desalting Unit

Capacity 250 m3 per day

MATS Project

Main characteristics

Surface assigned to each source:

solar radiation and biomass

40 ha

1,5 ha

1 MWth for 24 hours


Elementi di progetto sul territorio


Posizionamento campo solare e impianti


La piattaforma del cippato

Piattaforma

logistico

commerciale in

Stiria - Austria

Capannone esistente

idoneo alla

trasformazione


NEED OF LAND FOR 1 GWe BY CSP+BIOMASS

44

All rights reserved EASAC Workshop on CSP Athens 09_12_2011 F. Fabrizi45

NEED OF LAND FOR 1 GWe BY CSP+BIOMASS

1 Gwe

CSP

5 x 4 km =

= 20 km2

BIOMASSE

40 x 40 km =

= 1600 km2


Roma Capitale – ENEL Green Power – ENEA Agreement

for a demonstration plant with CSP hybridized by biomass

46

Uses of resources from territory of Roma Capitale for

the susteinable production in CSP-Biomass hybrid

plant of electric power and the transformation of ligno-

cellulosic wastes (from gardens and trees cuts of the

town) in solar fuels, i.e bio-ethanol or other


OPTS: OPtimization of a Thermal energy Storage system with integrated steam

generator

List of the Project’s Partners

1 AGENZIA PER LE NUOVE TECNOLOGIE, L’ENERGIA E LO SVILUPPO ECONOMICO SOSTENIBILE - ENEA IT

2 COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES - CEA FR

3 CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE - CNRS FR

4 FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V – Fraunhofer GE

5 THE WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE - Weizmann IS

6 THE CYPRUS RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION - CREF-CyI CY

7 ANSALDO NUCLEARE S.P.A.- ANSALDO IT

8 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES ENERGETICAS, MEDIOAMBIENTALES Y TECNOLOGICAS - CIEMAT ES

9 COBRA INSTALACIONES Y SERVICIOS, S.A - COBRA ES

10 LABORATORIO NACIONAL DE ENERGIA E GEOLOGIA, IP - LNEG PT

11 TECNIMONT KT- KINETICS TECHNOLOGY SPA - TKT IT

Resources for the Project

Total costs: 13,726,083.80 € EU contribution 8,649,499.50 €

Total efforts: 781.50 PM


OPTS project aims at developing a new Thermal Energy

Storage (TES) system based on single tank configuration

using stratifying Molten Salts as heat storage medium at

550°C, integrated with a Steam Generator (SG), to provide

efficient, reliable and economic for the next generation of

CSP trough and tower plants.

The three-year experimental program will be focused to the

full development of the integrated system (TES-SG) up to

demonstration level.

Since the objective is to develop a new TES-SG concept for

large-scale CSP plants, i.e. 50 MWe, the experimental

concept has to be verified in a relevant scale (at least 12.5

MWth), maintaining the same main thermo-fluid-dynamic

parameters as the full scale system.

Reference design of TES_SG system for 50 MWe CSP plant,

i.e 5x10 MWe SGs immersed in a large tank

Influence zone of one SG

Schematic of reference 50 MWe TES_SG


Reference CSP plant for installation of the OPTS Test Section

Basic experimental, modelling and engineering

activities will be carried out to support the

design and optimization of the proposed

technology. These activities include

assessment of MS heat transport properties

under relevant representative conditions for the

TES-SG system.

This test section will be designed, built, and tested

at an existing CSP plant owned by ACS Cobra in

Spain. The plant will be arranged for integrating the

OPTS test section, without affecting the normal

operation but rather enhancing the condition of the

steam at the turbine’s inlet.


Direct MS CSP system implementing a stratifying TES

with integrated SG

Design, optimization and cost-benefit assessment for a full-scale TES-SG system (12.5 MWth/50MWe) will be done in the framework of the OPTS project coupled with a CSP

(tower or trough) plant.

Schematic of a MS CSP plant with stratifying TES_SG system

(including MS backup gas fired heater)


THANK YOU

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