BLD 60104 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 1

Site and Temporary WorksLeong Li Jing 0323628Gillian Chong 0323941Chia Sze Sian 0323574Chan Qi Han 0324315

Yap Zheng Xiang 0322411Michelle Tung Man Kaye 0324175

Accessibility to Site Accessible routes from all entrances and exit

for construction and public use New sites or existing sites Conditions:

- Slope- Bends- Sharp corners- Gradient - Width

Services Actions:

Planning the works Locating and identifying buried services Safe excavation

Examples: Electricity cables Water pipes Gas pipes Telecommunication cables

Facilities

SchoolFire station

Playground

Bus station HospitalPolice station

Water TableHigh Water Level Low Water LevelWater pressure in the soil is high and likely to be corresponding weaker

Water pressure is low and cause the soil to shrink

Affect the stability of slopping ground Lose most of the moisture will cause building to crack

Surrounded by areas of higher ground, underground water tend to flow to the site

*save more costs and laborer work

Causes flooding*necessary to pump excavations and provide drainage to remove the water

*which will need additional costs

Sub-SoilTypes of Soil Advantage DisadvantageHardrock Great Foundation Characteristics High Excavation Costs

Gravel Strong and Easily Drained Bearing capacity halved when water table is high

Clay Good Bearing Capacity Does not Drain Well

Sand Cheap excavation Loose

Site clearance■ Removal of bushes and trees

■ Removal of soil to reduce level

■ Demolition of existing building

■ Plants that can be use for demolition

a) Back-hoe

b) Lorries

c) bulldozer

Site setting out■ Establish a baseline

a) Mark the position of line

b) Measure on-site by using steel tape

■ Setting out main line

a) Mark each corner of the building by using stout peg

b) Make sure the angles and lengths are right

■ Setting up profile board

a) Foundation trench positions and walls

Temporary works

1. Accommodation For Workers

■ This facility will be strategic to the progress of the project because it allows workers to live close to their work sites. This will help them stay within reach of their ultimate goal, notably by avoiding unnecessary trips

2. Security

■ Fencing

- defines the limit of the site

- deterrent to trespasser

Temporary works

Types of Scaffolding1) Putlog Scaffolding:

■ Standards are joined together with horizontal members.

■ Spacing is the same on a putlog scaffold as on a general purpose scaffold.

■ The building supports the scaffolding.

2) Independent Scaffolding:• 2 rows of standards at about 1m apart are tied

by cross-members-transform because it does not rely on the building.

• Diagonal braces are fitted between standards to give stability.

3) Mobile Access Tower:

■ Workers have easier access to buildings for constructing purposes

■ Able to move manually on ground and workers are free standing when on the platform

■ Safe and adaptable style of scaffold that is nicely suited to perform around the typical house like bungalows.

TimberingThere are 3 main components of timbering:

a) Poling boards

■ When the soil is soft, such as soft clay or sand,

it will be necessary to use more closely spaced

poling boards to prevent the sides of the trench

between the struts from falling in.

b) Walings

■ Running the length of trench and support poling boards

c) Struts

■ It used to put across the width of the trench, supporting open poling boards, close poling boards and walings or poling boards and sheeting

THANK YOU