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CTL Development in China
Qingyun Sun Ph.D. Associate Director US-China Energy Center, WVUPhone: (304)293-4832 Ext. 4465Email: [email protected]
Based on Shenhua CTL Projects
Congressional Noontime BriefingRayburn House Office BuildingWashington, D.C.April 24, 2008
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Outline
CTL Development in ChinaShenhua DCL Plants
o Commercial DCL plant in Inner Mongolia o Shenhua DCL pilot plant in Shanghai
CO2 sequestration associated with Shenhua DCL plantUS-China Energy Protocol for Fossil Energy and Shenhua-WVU Collaboration
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Coal to Liquid Development in China
Seven CTL demonstration plants are being developed in western China.
One DCL and two ICL plants by Shenhua Yitai ICL projectYankuang ICL plantLuan ICL projectJincheng MTG plant
More CTL plants will be approved by the Chinese central governmentMultiple coal to chemicals, methanol, DME, and GreenGen projects are under development
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Coal To Liquids Development in ChinaTotal budget of 7 Chinese CTL plants: 12 billion USD
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Why CTL in China
National strategy for energy securityEnvironmental requirement for clean coal useTechnology progressBusiness development strategies of China’s energy companies
Abundant coal reservesBottlenecks in shipping coalHighly profitableEconomic development in mining area
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Fast Growth of Oil Consumption in China
Oil Pruduction and Consumption in China
-50.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
1990
1991
199219
93
1994
1995
1996
1997
199819
99
2000
2001
2002
200320
04
2005
2006
Year
Mt
Production Consumption Imports
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Shenhua CTL Development Supported by the Chinese Government
January 1998, the National Council gave Shenhua the “Coal Replacing Oil Fund” of $1.3 billion USD (¥11 billion RMB) for CTL development (oil price: $12/b)The feasibility study of Shenhua DCL was completed by 2002 (oil price: $22.8/b)The construction of Shenhua DCL plant started in 2004 (oil price: $37/b)Shenhua DCL plant will start up in 2008
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Shenhua Group Corp.Shenhua is the World’s Largest Coal Producer (240 MMt in 2007)
Coal Reserves: 35.4 Billion TonnesCovered area: 3481 km2
BeijingBaotou
Taiyuan
Xian
Shanghai
Shenhua DCL Plant (24,000 BPD)
Sasol-Shenhua ICL plant in Shaanxi (65,000 BPD)
Sasol-Shenhua/NingmeiICL Plant (65,000 BPD)
Shenhua Leads CTL Development in China
Shenhua DCL Pilot Plant
Shenhua ICL Plant (7,000 BPD)
Dow/Shenhua Coal to Chemical
Shenhua Coal to Polyethylene Plant
Total investment of 4 CTL and 2 chemical plants: $10 billion USD
Business Plan: 4 MMt/y by 2010 and 31.5 MMt/y by 2020
Shenhua HD
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Shenhua Commercial Direct Coal Liquefaction Plant In Inner Mongolia
o World’s 1st DCL commercial planto Production Capacity: 24,000 BPD (mainly diesel) o Plant Cost: $1.5 billion USDo 4 years of construction (2004-2008)
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Shenhua Direct Liquefaction Process
Coal Prep.
Gasification
Purification
Liquefaction
Separation
Upgrading
Slurry Prep.
ASU
Fractionation
Residue
Jet fuel
Diesel Oil
Gasoline
Gas
Coal
Air
Recycle solventCatalyst
H2
N2
O2
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Construction of Shenhua DCL Commercial Plant
20022003
20062008
2004
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Critical Equipment Lifting & ErectionCoal Liquefaction Reactor
The world’s largest single reactor (2250mt)
Liquefaction Reactor Manufactured On-Site
DOE visitors
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Shenhua DCL Demonstration Project
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Shenhua DCL Pilot Plant in Shanghai
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Oil Products from Shenhua DCL Pilot Plant
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Characteristics of Shenhua DCL Technology
Integrated technologies from USDOE, Germany, and Japan with Shenhua innovations High efficiency with mild reaction conditions:
o Lower temperature and pressure o Inexpensive and high effective catalysto High reaction rate: conversion rate over 90% and oil yields as high
as 57% of dry and ash free coalApplicable for high sulfur and high reactivity coalEconomically viable
o Low plant cost: $62,500 per daily barrelo Break even cost: $35~40 per barrel selling price
Reducing environmental impactso Zero water dischargeo Solid waste recyclingo CO2 sequestration
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CO2 Sequestration Related to Shenhua DCL PlantThe plant produces about 3.6 million tonnes of CO2 per year
o About 3.1 million tonnes of high purity capture ready CO2 is from hydrogen making process and the rest comes from heating, flares,and power generation
o 0.88 ton of CO2 per ton of coalo CO2 / Oil Ratio = 0.48 metric tonnes per barrel
Pre-feasibility study of carbon storage possibilities now being conducted Will be the largest CO2 sequestration demonstration project in the worldSequestration options:
o Enhanced oil recovery (200 km)o Deep unminable coal seams o Deep saline water (+1,500 m)
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WVU-Shenhua Joint ActivitiesChina National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and US DOE Fossil Energy signed joint protocol for energy research and provide funding for study of Shenhua plant under Annex IIJoint research
Environmental and economic analysis of Shenhua DCL plantCO2 sequestration related to Shenhua DCL plantIntegrated DCL and ICL processesFT synthesis studyCTL process modeling Liquefaction fuel testing
Technical workshops sponsored jointly by US DOE and China NDRC and hosted by WVU and ShenhuaTraining and educational programs