CULTURAL EXPRESSION AND AWARENESS

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This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This [publication] communication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

CULTURAL EXPRESSION AND

AWARENESS Lesson2

Different aspects of culture

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– The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and USA / Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty

– Britain and France / System territories of Research and Training

– USA and France / System of Tuition of Assistance and Research Treaty

Politics and government

Which countries have signed the START

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• START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty)– The purpose of this contract is disarmament.

(Signed in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2010)– START (for Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty)

was a bilateral treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms. The treaty was signed on 31 July 1991. START negotiated the largest and most complex arms control treaty in history, and its final implementation in late 2001 resulted in the removal of about 80 percent of all strategic nuclear weapons then in existence.


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– New START is a nuclear arms reduction treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation. It was signed on 8 April 2010 in Prague and after ratification, entered into force on 5 February 2011. It is expected to last at least until 2021.


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– Albania– The Republic of Macedonia– Croatia


Which of the countries is no a candidate to the European Union?

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– Albania applied for European Union membership on 28 April 2009. Officially recognized by the EU as a "potential candidate country”. On December 16, 2009 the European Commission submitted the Questionnaire on accession preparation to the Albanian government. Albania returned answers to them on April 14, 2010. Candidacy status was not recognized by the EU along with Montenegro in December 2010, due to the long-lasting political row in the country.


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– Secretary-General of UN– Secretary-General NATO– Secretary-General of the Council of

Europe


Who is Ban Ki-Moon?

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• Ban Ki-moon (born 13 June 1944) – is the eighth and current Secretary-

General of the United Nations, after succeeding Kofi Annan in 2007. Before becoming Secretary-General, Ban was a career diplomat in South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in the United Nations. In the foreign ministry he established a reputation for modesty and competence.


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When and in what way Czechoslovakia broke –up?


1992 / Agreement of Czechoslovakia disappearance - peaceful way1992 / Grand Nation revolution – war1994 / coup – the sudden unconstitutional deposition of a government, taking over power and declaration of independence.

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• Some notes on Czechoslovakia– Czechoslovakia, a country in central

Europe that existed from 1918–93. The country consisted of the Czech lands (Bohemia and Moravia) and Slovakia. In 1993 Czechoslovakia broke up into two independent countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.


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– Otto von Bismarck / Germany– Benito Mussolini / Italy– Francisco Franco / Spain


Who wanted to unite the state by “iron and blood“ and which of the state it is?

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• Blood and Iron (German: Blut und Eisen)– is the title of a speech by German

Chancellor Otto von Bismarck given in 1862 about the unification of the German territories. It is also a transposed phrase that Bismarck uttered near the end of the speech that has become one of his most widely known quotations.


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– was born as Karol Józef Wojtyła. He was the most esteemed person for many Poles. John Paul II was known as a supporter of the ecumenical movement and he played an important role in the fall of communism in Poland.

– The Pope John Paul II (1920 - 2005) was born as Peter Józef Dudek. He was the most esteemed person for many Hungarians. John Paul II was known as a supporter of the ecumenical movement, and he played an important role in the fall of communism in Hungary.

Religion

Please select the correct statement:The Pope John Paul II (1920 – 2005)

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Please select the correct statement:

In Islam

Religion

Muslims do not have to eat and drink during the fasting month from the east to sunset and is rejected smoking in public as well. Muslims do not have to eat and drink during the fasting month each eighth day and is rejected smoking in public and private as well.

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Please select the correct statement

Religion

In Judaism Saturday is holy. You can not enter in the shoes into the synagogue and head of men and women must be covered. In Judaism is Friday holy. You can not enter in the shoes into the mosque and head of men and women must be covered.

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Religion

Great tribute is addressed to Buddha, a founder of the Buddhism. To touch statues of Buddha is allowed. In the temples you have to sit because your head must not protrude Buddha.

Appropriate tribute is addressed to Buddha, a founder of the Buddhism. It is allowed to touch all statues of Buddha because you are closer to him in your mind. In the temples you have to stand because your head must protrude Buddha.

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Religion

Pantheon has been used as a Roman Catholic church dedicated to "St. Mary and the Martyrs" but informally known as "Santa Maria Rotonda ".

Pantheon has been used as an Evangelist church dedicated to "St. Mary and the Martyrs" but informally known as "Santa Maria Rotonda ".

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Please fill in the answer

Food and drink

Tafelspitz is a typical ………… (Austrian) dish. The beef is simmered along with root vegetables and spices in the broth. Franz Jozeph I, Emperor of Austria, was a great lover of Tafelspitz.

Gazpacho is a cold ……….. (Spanish) tomato-based, raw vegetable soup, originally in the southern region of Andalusia.

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Food and drink

Fisherman's Soup or halászlé originates from the …………. (Hungarian) cuisine, a bright red hot soup prepared with generous amounts of hot paprika and carp or mixed river fish.

Roast pork with dumplings and Sauerkraut (vepřo-knedlo-zelo) is considered the most popular ………… (Czech) dish. It can be prepared from cabbage or from sauerkraut, which is most common.

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Food and drink

Fasolada, a bean soup defined in many cookery books as the traditional ........... (Greek) dish, sometimes even called "the "national food of the .......... (Greeks)". It is made of beans, tomatoes, carrot, celery and a generous amount of olive oil usually served with a variety of salty side dishes.

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6. Germany

g) Berlin

1. Cyprus

5. Austria

7. Finland

e) Nicosia

2. Slovakia

c) Bratislava3. Spain

f) Madrid

4. Greece

a) Athens

b) Helsinki

d) Vienna

Slovakia

Cyprus

Austria

Finland

Greece

Spain

Germany

State and cultural symbols

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• Greek cultural traits– People prefer trading with friends, so it is

very important to built friendships and relationships. Networking and becoming an insider is necessary for a successful trade. They appreciate business partners that are persistent and do not give up easily.

• Polish cultural traits – People are generally religious. They are

famous for hospitality, patriotism and courage. On the other hand young people are more oriented to Western Europe.

Cultural Traits

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• German cultural traits – Some traits historically associated with

these people are hospitality, frankness, generosity and suspicion.

• Romanian cultural traits– Here are some traits historically

associated with this country and its people: cleanliness, orderliness, sincerity, efficiency, firmness loyalty and thoroughness. They are thrifty, hard working and industrious. These people respect perfectionism in all areas of business and private life.

Cultural Traits

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• Lithuania cultural traits– People are generally thought of as being

reserved and more individualistic. People will generally feel disturbed by, and resent unannounced visits, except some by very close friends and family. They are very time conscious and value punctuality and the pace of life is quite hectic as people rush around to arrive at places on time.

• United Kingdom cultural traits– People are traditionally inclined on the

reserve side, are family oriented and are regarded as persistent. They also regard themselves as being hospitable, tidy, diligent, sincere and full of national pride.

Cultural Traits

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• Italian cultural traits– Almost all friends and family kiss each

other on the cheeks upon arrival and departure. A lot of people have a very loud way of talking and of expressing their emotions. They are generally very open about their emotions and about their lives. They are generally very friendly with everyone and do not find the need to gossip and criticize each other.

• Hungarian cultural traits– People are humanistic thinkers and people

– oriented, yet free – spirited, stubborn individualists. They respect people who know what they are doing, but reject authoritarian rules. In their eyes an optimist is a person who is poorly informed. The majority of these people still value their relationships above all other sources of happiness.

Cultural Traits

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• French cultural traits– People are very traditional. Old-age traditions

like flamenco dancing and bullfighting are still very relevant today. People love to celebrate and have fun and take every opportunity to do so. There's a fantastic range of food, wine, sangria and beer available on every corner.

• Spanish cultural traits– People cherish their culture, history, language

and cuisine which is considered for art. They have been and are today world leaders in fashion, food, wine, art and architecture. They embrace novelty, new ideas and manners with enthusiasm as long as they are elegant.

Cultural Traits

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– Festival of the Flood– Celebrated 5 days– 23th January– An ancient custom, dolls signifying

witches are burnt atop blazing fires

Customs, traditions and festivals

Custom and traditions in CyprusPlease select the right answer (s) Kataklysmos in Cyprus is:

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• The annual Kataklysmos (Festival of the Flood) – is a festival celebrated for five days fifty

days after Easter in all the coastal towns, but the biggest event takes place in Larnaka. At the heart of the festival is a joyful procession to the sea where people sprinkle each other with water. The festival begins with an ecclesiastical ceremony.


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– The “Oktoberfest”, – The “Carnival”, – The “Bayreuth Festival”– The “Busseto Carnival”


Custom and traditions in GermanyPlease select the right answer:Popular festivals in Germany are:

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• The Germany's biggest and best-known festival is the Munich Beer Festival, also known as the "Oktoberfest".– More than six million people from all over the

world visit these festivals in Germany each year.

• Carnival– Carnival” is celebrated all over Germany but

particularly in the Rhineland and in the strongly Catholic regions of Germany.

• “Bayreuth Festival”– is a music festival held annually in Bayreuth, at

which performances of operas by the 19th century German composer Richard Wagner are presented.


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Custom and traditions in PolandPlease select the right answer (s)For Easter in Poland is common:


People give small presents to each otherOn the Saturday before Easter Sunday people go to the churchPeople painted eggs for Easter and draw on them some patternsPeople painted small ball for Easter and draw on them some patterns

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– In Poland, Easter is the happiest day of the year, when the Catholic Church celebrates the resurrection of Christ. Polish people have always kept the fasting period during the six weeks preceding Easter. Easter in Poland has its special culinary dimension. The food which is blessed on Holy Saturday is eaten on Easter Sunday during what is called Easter Breakfast. Colourful eggs, bread, cake, salt, paper and white colour sausages are laid nicely in the basket. What is carried to church in a small basket is of course just a sample of the whole Easter Breakfast.


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Custom and traditions in SlovakiaPlease select the right answerTypical of the “Fašiangy” in Slovakia:


People are dressed in various funny costumesPeople are singing, dancing in the streets of the village and have a disco till late at nightTakes place from Three Kings´Day until the midnight before the Ash Wednesday People make a various type of handcraft typical for Slovakia

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• Fašiangy celebrations– usually lasted from the Sunday before

Lent until Tuesday midnight. Typically a happy group of costumed and masked youths walked from house to house playing music. They dressed up as many different characters. It may seem that Fašiangy was a time of fun and foolishness, but it served a purpose as village people and townsfolk could have fun and enjoy themselves before Lent.


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Custom and traditions in LithuaniaPlease select the right answer(s)The Lithuanian Folk Dance Festival

is:


A major cultural event of the nation attracting thousands of dancers and many more specαtators from all over the worldHeld every year in the capital city of Vilnius Inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Masterpiece List (2004)Held every four years in the capital city of Vilnius

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– The Lithuanian Folk Dance Festival is a major cultural event of the nation attracting thousands of dancers and many more spectators from around the world. The Festival is held every four years in the capital city of Vilnius. The First Festival was organized in Kaunas In 1937. There is used a choreography of some of the most popular dances, such as Suktinis, Noriu miego and others.

Customs and festivals

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Which cover of an Elvis song gave the Pet Shop Boys a number one in 1987?

Music and literature

Always on My Mind Alw--s on M- M-nd

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About which movie star did Norman Mailer write?


Marilyn MonroeM- - - lyn Mo- - -e

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Beethoven

Which Prime Minister won in Britain last Nobel Prize for literature?


Sir Winston Churchill Sir Winston Ch----ill

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Beethoven

Which Italian artist painted The Birth of Venus?


Botticelli Bot- - c-ll-

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Beethoven

Who did compose the opera "Fidelio"?


Be- -h-v-n

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Please select the correct answer

Etiquette and manners

There is a circle made up by thumb and forefinger or mediator means “all right". In Brazil, this is a sign of sexual intercourse.

There is a circle made up by thumb and forefinger or mediator means “all right". In Brazil, this is a sign of abuse.

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The North American “O.K.” sign is extremely rude in Venezuela.

The North American “O.K.” sign is extremely rude in Netherlands.

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In China is allowed to smack. Give others know that you taste it. In China and Japan tips are considered as insult. Much more better is to praise a cook.

In China is not allowed to lick or smack. It is an expression of contempt. In China and Japan are tips considered as necessity. Tips are usually 15 % of the meal price.

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In Romania, guests have to wait to be told where to sit, as there is a strict protocol to be followed. Jackets are not to be removed without permission or until the most senior ranking Romanian does.

Guests in Romania do not have to wait to be told where to sit. Jacket is removed without permission.

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Language of the flowers is different in various countries. For example, in Japan and China mourn color is white and on the contrary you should not donate a yellow flowers in Russia.

Language of the flowers is different in various countries. For example, in Russia mourn color is white and on the contrary you should not donate a yellow flowers in Japan and China

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Sport

Romanian gstaynmisc (gymnastics) has had a large number of successes. In the 1975 Summer Olympics the gstaynm (gymnast) “Nadia Comãneci became the first gstaynm (gymnast) ever to score a perfect “ten”.

England´s national sport is rekctic (cricket), although too many people see a football (Soccer) as a national sport, probably because it is the most popular.

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• ceI ckhoye (Ice hockey)– is the second most popular sport in

Europe with it being the most popular sport in Sweden, Finland, Czech Republic, Latvia, Belarus, Slovak Republic and Russia.

Sport

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• Traditional sports in Switzerland – include Sisws tslgirewn (Swiss wrestling)

or “Schwingen”. It is an old tradition from the rural central cantons and considered the national sport by some. restWresl (Wrestlers) wear gnweritsl (wrestling) breeches with belts that are used for taking holds. Throws and trips are common because the first competitor to pin his/her opponent's shoulders to the ground wins the bout.

Sport

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• misnipAl (Alpinism)– is very famous because Italian nisilaspt

(alpinists) wrote several pages of history in this sport. Reinhold Messner was the first man in the world to reach the 14 summits over 8000 meters and the first one to climb Everest alone and without oxygen.

Sport

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Big Ben

Eiffel Tower

Spiš Castle

Taj MahalSagrada Família

1. France

2. Slovakia

3. The Great Britain

4. India

5. Spain

National and European cultural heritage

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• Big Ben– is the nickname for the great bell of the clock at the north end of the

Palace of Westminister in London and is often extended to refer to the clock or the clock tower as well. It is the largest four-faced chiming clock and the third-tallest free-standing clock tower in the world.

• The Eiffel Tower – is an 1889 iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris

that has become both a global icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world. The tallest building in Paris, it is the most-visited paid monument in the world. The tower stands 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building.


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• The ruins of Spiš Castle (Slovak: Spišský hrad) in eastern Slovakia – form one of the largest castle sites in Central Europe. It was

included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in 1993.

• The Sagrada Família – is located in Barcelona, Spain. A massive Roman Catholic

church is still under construction in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. This church construction began in 1882 and lasted until this day. The church was originally designed by Antoni Gaudí (1852 - 1926), who worked on this project for 40 years, devoting the last 15 years of his life to this great project, started from 1883 and which is scheduled to be completed in 2026.


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• The Taj Mahal – is a mausoleum located in Agra, India. It is one of the most

recognizable structures in the world. It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal.


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Europe´s cultural and linguistic diversity

Russian English French Mandarin Chinese

What is the most used language in the world?

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Greeks Phoenicians Arabs

Who compiled the first alphabet around 1600 BC?

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Japanese reads?


In rows from right to left In vertical columns from right to left In vertical columns from left to right

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– 1080 – 3050 – 1200 – 2700


Approximately how many languages are spoken in the world?

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– Arabic– Hebrew– Cambodian


Which of the following is the longest alphabet (up to 74 letters)

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Europe´s cultural & linguistic diversity

HungarianGermanPolishCzech-

"Dzien dobry" (pronounced 'jayn doh-bray') means "Hello" in which language?

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– Portuguese– German– Spanish


Which is the only language in the world where all the nouns begin with a capital letter?

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– 23– 18– 27– 28


How many official languages does the European Union have?

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• Latin origin, German origin, Russian origin, Turkish origin, Czech origin– Ruit hora . (Time is running away.)– Sic vita fugit. (So life runs away.)– Zeit ist Geld. (Time is money.)– Zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe schlagen. (Kill two

birds with one stone.) – Better late than never.– You can't do everything at once.– Patience is the key to paradise.– Activity breeds prosperity.– Co můžeš udělat dnes, neodkládej na zítřek. (Never

put off till tomorrow what you can do today.)– Ráno moudřejší večera. (The morning is wiser than

the evening.)

Proverbs about time

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Yes, it is.No, it is not.

Knowledge evaluation

Is possible that Nefertiti saw the pyramids?

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• Nefertiti– Born around 1390 B.C. Nefertiti was the wife

of the Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep IV (later Akhenaten). After Cleopatra she is the second most famous "Queen" of Ancient Egypt.

• Pyramids – are the monumental buildings with tombs of

Egyptian pharaohs. The most famous pyramids: Pyramid of Cheops, Pyramid of Chefren; Mykerin Pyramid. They are named according the Pharaohs of fourth Dinasty (26th century BC). They are located at Giza in Cairo


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Yes, he didNo, he did not.


Did Sir Isaac Newton fight as a gladiator in the Colosseum?

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• Colosseum. – The Rome amphitheater for 50,000

spectators, finished the year 80 AD. He served as an arena for gladiatorial games.

• Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727)– mathematician and physicist, one of the

foremost scientific intellects of all time.


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Yes, it isNo, it is not.


Is this building a residence to Queen Elizabeth II.?

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• Hagia Sophia – is a former Orthodox patriarchal basilica,

later mosque and now a museum in Istanbul, Turkey. It comes from the 6th centuryy. This is an example of Byzantine architecture. The main dome has a height of 55 meters and diameter of 32.6 meters. It has a precious internal function.


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• Elizabeth II,– was born in 1926 as elder daughter and

successor of George VI. She is the present queen of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1952). Her husband is Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and the eldest of her four children is Prince Charles, the Prince of Wales.


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Yes, it isNo, it is not.


Did Nebuchadnezzar II. order construction of Taj Mahal.

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• Nebuchadnezzar II. – He ordered to build the Hanging Gardens

of Babylon about 2,500 years ago. He built gardens for his wife Amytis, because the plants and fountains of Persia missed her. Gardens were four–floor and canopy of terraces were placed on the columns high 25 metres. Platforms terraces were cushioned with a layer of reed and sealed with asphalt. There were there rare grass, shrubs, tall trees and exotic plants


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• Taj Mahal – in Agra had come from the mid of 17th

century. It was built as a mausoleum by Shah Jahan ruler, a tomb for his wife Mumtaz Mahal. It consists of white marble and it has been built by 20,000 laborers 18 years.


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Yes, it was.No, it was not.


Was the Atomium designed by André Waterkyn?

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• Atomium– a symbol of the World Exhibition in

Brussels (Belgium) in 1958. It is a building showing the layout of the iron atoms in the molecule. In the iindividual atoms are restaurants and various services for tourists. In the connecting tubes are elevators and stairs.


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• André Waterkeyn – was a Belgian engineer, best known for

creating the Atomium. Waterkeyn was asked in 1954 to design a building for the 1958 World Expo that would symbolize Belgian engineering skills. After his death (2005), the top sphere and the square where the Atomium is located was named after him.


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You have successfully completed this section.

Thank you for participating in this learning session and remember never stop engaging in learning

situations

Thank YOU

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CULTURAL EXPRESSION AND AWARENESS

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