Culture, Government & Economics Test Review Terms/Vocabulary Culture -the way of life for people who share beliefs or customs Cultural Diffusion -to spread their culture to other places Urban -having to do with life in the city Rural -having to do with life in the country Migration when people move from one place to another Customs a practice handed down from the past Limited or Unlimited Which one could it be? Limited Government- everyone, including all authority figures, must obey the laws. Examples: Constitutional Monarchy- Constitutional Monarchy- Constitutional Republic Constitutional Republic Unlimited Government- Control is placed solely with the ruler and his/her appointees, and there are limits imposed on his/her authority: Communism Monarchy Communism Monarchy Totalitarian Totalitarian Push/Pull Theory- explains migration and immigration Reasons such as: war, lack of jobs, hunger and are pulled to another country that offers peace, jobs and a chance of a better life. Push Pull Lack of jobs Lack of freedom poverty war Hope for a better life jobs freedom Peace Elements of Culture Traits 1.Dress 2.Technology 3.Hobbies 4.Food 5.Music 6.Beliefs 7.Religion 8.Traditions 9.Holidays 10.Family 11.Language 12.environment More examples of Cultural Traits Behaviors Ways of doing things Creative expressions Government Democracy came from Ancient Greece Different types of Government - Limited Types of Government DescriptionsEx:Limited Constitutional Republic elect representatives U.S.Limited ConstitutionalMonarchy King or Queen is symbolic, people elect representatives EnglandLimited Different types of Government- Unlimited Monarchy King or Queen makes ALL decisions Saudi Arabia Unlimited Communism The government owns all land and businesses CubaUnlimited Different types of Government Unlimited Dictatorship/ Totalitarian One person has total control over the people North Korea Unlimited ECONOMY Free Enterprise also known as Market Economy *Businesses are privately owned and people provided products and services for a profit. Ex: United States Ex: United States Ex: I am going to ask my boss for a raise. Ex: I am going to ask my boss for a raise. Command * All economic decisions are made by the central government Ex: China, Cuba and North Korea Ex: China, Cuba and North Korea Ex: Our farm must complete the governments five-year Ex: Our farm must complete the governments five-year plan or we will be punished. plan or we will be punished. Traditional * based on customs & beliefs Ex: Native Americans/Africa Ex: Native Americans/Africa Ex: When I grow older, I will use a spear to Ex: When I grow older, I will use a spear to hunt for food just like my father had too. hunt for food just like my father had too. Types of Industry Agriculture raw materials, fishing, forestry, cattle ranching farming Manufacturing raw materials are made into goods we use everyday: chef, metal worker Factory worker Services provide services such as banking, hair stylist, dentist, and police Truck driver Retail All 3 industries lead to RETAIL (selling) which brings $$$$$$$$ into the country! Commercials Economy, what does this word stand for ??? A way to make decisions about how to use the resources of a country. A way to make decisions about how to use the resources of a country. Usually this refers too in some form or Usually this refers too in some form or fashion.money$$$$$$. fashion.money$$$$$$. Economic Vocabulary Terms: Demand how much consumers are willing to buy Supply how much producers are willing to produce and sell Goods Objects that can be bought or sold Services activities that help people or work that is done for someone else. Interdependence when a country depends on the trade with another country Scarcity not enough goods or services to meet consumers needs. 3 Areas that help determine a countrys Standard of Living. Literacy Rate Life Expectancy Per Capita Income DEVELOP ED Countries. 1. If a country has over 70% in an Urban area. 2. If a country has a Per Capita Income over $20,000. $20, If a countrys Life Expectancy is over 70 years old. years old. 4. If a countrys Literacy Rate is over 90%. 5. If a countrys Infant Mortality is less than 10 per 1,000 births. per 1,000 births. DEVELOP ING COUNTRIES.. If the Urban area is between 70%- 40%. If the Urban area is between 70%- 40%. If the Per Capita Income is between $20,000 - $2,000. If the Per Capita Income is between $20,000 - $2,000. If the Life Expectancy is between If the Life Expectancy is between If the Literacy Rate is between 90% - 70%. If the Literacy Rate is between 90% - 70%. IMPORTS raw materials or products that are bought from other nations. IMPORTS raw materials or products that are bought from other nations. Exports raw materials or products that are sold to other nations.