Cultures of Persia, India, and China

2011-2012 WHI SOLPart III

Nebuchadnezzar is also the same king who built this

famous structure in Babylon for his homesick wife.

The Hanging Gardens

The Babylonians would eventually be conquered by the

Persians. Where were the Persians from?

Iran

Who was the Persian King who conquered the

Babylonians?

Cyrus

How did Cyrus treat the people that he had conquered?

With Tolerance

After conquering Babylon, Cyrus allowed these people to

return to Israel and Judah.

The Jews

What was the religion that the Persians practiced?

Zoroastrianism

Who was the founder of the Zoroastrian religion?

Zoroaster

Zoroaster taught that their were two opposing forces in the

Universe. What were these forces?

Good and Evil

The teachings of Zoroaster were recorded in this holy book

The Avesta

The Persians, instead of forcing their religion on the people they conquered, allowed the Jews and

all the other people they conquered to practice their

religion freely. This is known as?

Religious Toleration

Cyrus soon had built an empire. His son Cambyses would extend

the empire by conquering the land of the Pharaohs. What land did he

conquer?

Egypt

Who was the third king of Persia?

Darius

Darius developed an administration of government

through departments staffed with non-elected officials. This type of

government would be known as an

Imperial Bureaucracy

Darius divided the Persian Empire into 20 provinces, and placed a governor in charge of

each province. What were these governors called?

Satraps

Darius also built this to make travel across Persia’s

conquered territories easier

The Royal Road

The classical Indian Valley Civilization began by this river

The Indus River

Over time, the civilization would be extended east to this

river

The Ganges

What mountains would border the Indian subcontinent

The Hindu Kush and the Himalayas

What ocean is south of India?

The Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean

What were the two major cities of the Indus Valley Civilization?

Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

A group of Indo-Europeans migrated into the Indus Valley

through the Hindu Kush. Who were these people?

The Aryans

The Aryans soon dominated the people of the Indus Valley

region. They would develop a structured social hierarchy

system known as

The Caste System

This religion developed in India. The Caste System is an integral

part of it

Hinduism

The Hindus believed in many forms of one

god

In Hinduism, one would move up or down in the caste system as a

result of ones thoughts and actions. What is this known as?

Karma

Karma influenced your position in the caste system as Hindus

believe in a system of rebirth known as

reincarnation

What are the two most sacred writings in Hinduism?

Vedas and Upanishads

A man named Siddhartha Guatama developed another

religion in India. What would he come to be known as?

The Buddha

The term Buddha means this

The Enlightened one

Siddhartha explained his new faith as a search for answers to life’s

mysteries that he had not found in this religion.

Hinduism

Siddhartha (the Buddha) laid out four main ideas that he had understood in his Enlightenment. What were these ideas known as?1) Everything in life is suffering and sorrow

2) The cause for all the suffering in the world is people’s selfish desire for the temporary pleasures of the world.

3) The way to end all suffering is to end all desires

4) The way to overcome such desires is to attain enlightenment. This is done by following the eightfold path, which is called the middle way between desires and self-denial

The fourth Noble Truth explained that by following this one could attain enlightenment

What is the Symbol for Buddhism?

Classical Chinese Civilization

What civilization is located in this area?

China

China had one of the four River Valley Civilizations. Between what rivers did this civilization emerge?

Huang He and Yangtze

What is another name for the Huang He River?

The Yellow River

In China’s early years, many warlords fought one another as

they were all trying to gain control of China. What was this

time period known as?

The Time of Warring States

the art or practice that seeks to foresee or foretell

future events

Divination

In Chinese History, the divine (godly) approval thought to be

the reason dynasties were allowed to keep royal authority

Mandate of Heaven