Current Developments in Display Technologies

Gary MandleSr. Product ManagerSony Electronics Inc.

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From Veritas et Visus LCD TV Matters Vol. 1 Issue 3

Distrib

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• Market Estimate• 28M units

– LCD• 25M units

– PDP• 3.4M units

– FPJ-RPJ• 350K units

• Market Size• Est $24B

• R&D Budget• Est $1.5B

Projected ’09 Sales of each Technology

Who’s D

oin

g

what?

• LCD Technology– Akita Research Institute of Advanced Technology– Andong National University– AOU– Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co.– Chi Mei optoelectronics corp– Chonbuk National University– DIC Corp– Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute– Fujitsu micro elceltronics inc– Hanyang University– Innolux Display Corp– Kent State University/Samsung– Kyung Hee University– Max Planck-institut fÜr Informatik– Merck Advanced Technologies– Military University of Technology– Nanjing University– Nanotechnology Research Institute– National Cheng Kung University– National Taiwan University– NHK Science & Technology Research labs– Panasonic– Planar– Pusan National University– Qualcomm– Raman Research Institute– Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co– Sharp Corp– SKC Haas– Sony Corp– Tokyo University of Science– Toshiba Corp– Tsinghua University– University of Central Florida– University of Illinois– University of Texas in Austin– Yeungnam University– Zeon Corp

• OLED Technology– 3M Display & Graphics Business laboratory– Applied Nanotech– Canon– Eastman Kodak– Kyushu University– Industrial Technology Research Institute– LG Display R&D Center– National Dong Hwa University– National Taiwan University– National Taipei University of Technology– Pioneer– RiTDisplay– Saarland University– Sogo Pharmaceutical– Sony corp– Samsung SDI/NEC– SFC– TDK– University of California– University of Central Florida– Univision– US Army Research labs

• PDP Technology– Advanced PDP Development Center Corp– Hiroshima University– Hitachi– LG Display– North Carolina State University– Panasonic– Pioneer– Samsung

• FED technology– Delhi University– Field Emission Technologies– Haldia university– Samsung SDI/NEC– Solid State physics– Toshiba/Canon (SED)– TECO Nanotech

Investm

ent

• Primary Investment Motivation– Energy Efficiency & E Waste

• California Disposal Tax• Texas PC Recycling Law

– Increase in Costs

• Reach, WEEE & RoHS Intuitives– European Union Restriction of Hazardous Materials

• EU Ban of Incandescent Lamps• DCiE Metric

– New Limits to Power Consumption

• New UL “Green” Validation Certifications

Sub

strate

Size

• Substrate Size– Gen 5 (2004)

• Six 27 Inch Panels• 1100mm x 1300mm• (3.6ft x 4.2ft)

– Gen 6 (2005)• Eight 32 Inch Panels• 1500mm x 1800mm• (4.9ft x 5.9ft)

– Gen 7 (2006)• Twelve 32 Inch Panels• 1870mm x 2200mm• (6.1ft x 7.2ft)

• Substrate Size– Gen 8 (2007)

• Eight 46 inch panels• Six 52 inch panels• 2160mm x 2400mm• (7ft x 7.8ft)

– Gen 11(maybe 2010)• Eighteen 40 inch panels• Fifteen 46 inch panels• eight 62 inch panels• six 72 inch panels• 2880mm x 3130mm• (9.4ft x 10.2ft)

Sub

strate

Size

Sharp’s Gen 8 plant 60,000 u/mth output

Samsung Gen 7 plantS LCD Gen 8 plant75,000 u/mth output

PanasonicP4 plant 960K u/mthP5 plant 1.96M u/mthP5 = 37 football fields

Pro

ble

ms W

ith

Ind

ium

• Shortage of Indium– Required for LCD, PDP & almost every other

display technology– sourced from Russia and Canada– Part of the indium tin oxide layers (ITO)– primary conductor used on glass substrates

because of “wetting” properties

Pro

ble

ms W

ith

Ind

ium

• carbon Nano Tube– Possible replacement for ITO– Uses “Tunnel Effect”– grown instead of sputtered– adheres to glass

LCD

• Improvements in viewing angle– Multiple Domains & Subpixels– Samsung

8 Domain PVA

LCD

• Shaped Electrodes– Higher Transmittance– Dong-A University

• Shared data paths– Lower Cost

• 5 Color Filters– Wider gamut– Sharp

• New LC materials– Faster Switching– Merck

• Flexible Substrates– Military Applications– Arizona State University

Shaped Electrodes in IPS5 Color

Flexible Substrates

Smaller LC Cell

New Materials

Backlig

hts

• CCFL– New BEF Filters

• Lower Power Consumption• 3M (Vikuiti Brand)• Fusion Optics (PF series)

– New Filter Films• Improved viewing angles• SKC Haas Display Films

3M BEF EfficiencySKC Haas Viewing Angle Tests

3M T-BEF 90/24

Backlig

hts

• LED– White OLED

• Better Uniformity• National Taiwan University

– local dimming• Better Blacks• Saarland University

Local Dimming

White OLED

PD

P

Fits nine 50 inchin the same area4096 x 2160

PD

P• MgO Films

– Higher secondary electron emission

• lowers discharge voltage– higher resistance to ion

sputtering• longer panel life

– high exoelectron emission• provides priming particals

• Crystal Emissive Layer– Increase of phosphor

emissions

Cel Adhesion

PD

P• Increase of Dielectric

constant of barrier ribs– Lower power loss

• Low T℮ and spatially Distributed Drive– Higher

ionization/excitation rates

• High X℮ Content Drive– Increased UV efficiencies

FED

• Field Emission Technologies– Most active in FED– Spin off from Sony– Using Nano SPINDT

cathode design– Also partnering with

Astro Design & Ikegami

FED

• FED Structure

FED

• Developing very high frame rate display– 240 Hz+

• Current max resolution– 19 inch 1280 x 720– 26 inch 1920 x 1080– 8 bit drives

• Talking with Pioneer on manufacturing plant purchase

OLE

DLG OLED

Optimus OLED Keyboard

Sony PLED

Kodak OLEDSony XEL-1 OLED TV

Samsung 31 inch OLED

Universal Display PLED

NWZ X1000

OLE

D• Light from radiative

recombination of electrons and holes– Action from an atom in

an excited state undergoes a transition to ground

– releases a photon

• Primary parts are– hole donor– electron donor– emissive layer

OLE

D

LCD and OLED Top EmissionOLED Bottom Emission

OLE

D• Advantages of organic semiconductors

– molecules are held together by weak van der waals forces

– carrier mobilities are low• typically less than 1cm2/v-s

– high fluorescence efficiencies– epitaxy is not required– properties can be tailored with Types of

Materials– *can be fabricated on large substrates

OLE

D• Injection

– Single Carrier– Dual Carrier

OLE

D• Carrier Mobilities

OLE

D

White OLED for Lighting

How

They

Com

pare

Oth

er S

tuff

• E Paper• GLV• laser Illumination

Thanks to

• Dr. Franky So– Florida State University

• Mark Fihn– Veritas et Visus

• Jim Noecker– Panasonic

• Shohei Hasegawa– Field Emission Technologies

• And Walt Ordway– For noting the “M”