NATIONAL CYCLONE RISK MITIGATION PROJECT A Case Study

Made by –

Shrijit Mazumdar Sukanya KonerHarshita ThakreChaitanya Singh Shivangita Gupta Samridhi Chaurasia

XV Annual NOSPlan Convention

Introduction & Project BackgroundThe Government of India has initiated the National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project (NCRMP) with a view to address cyclone risks in the country. The overall objective of the project is to create suitable infrastructure to mitigate the effects of cyclones in the coastal states of India.

National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) under the aegis of Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) shall implement the Project in coordination with participating State Governments, and the National Institute for Disaster Management (NDMA) in the first phase.

The Project has identified 13 cyclone prone States and Union Territories (UTs), with varying levels of vulnerability. These States/UTs have further been classified into two categories, based on the frequency of occurrence of cyclones, size of population and the existing institutional mechanism for disaster management.

• 1. Improving the warning systems for coastal communities in Andhra Pradesh and Orissa through the installation and operation of an early warning communication and dissemination system, and through strengthening the operational capabilities of the state and district level emergency operation centers.

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• 2. Strengthening the capacity of coastal communities of Andhra Pradesh and Orissa to maintain and operate the EWDS, and to carry out emergency mobilization.

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Main Components

Focus Area – Orissa

High Vulnerability General Growth and conditions not up to the mark

Proximity to the Coast Line and regions of frequent cyclones

Requirements higher than other states

Project Description

The main components – Construction of Multipurpose Cyclone Shelters – MCS

Construction of Approach Roads for MCS

50 new MCS to be constructed – area 10,000 sq. ft

Will be able to withstand speeds upto 300 km/hr

Ability to withstand earthquakes

weather approach road to connect the shelters withvillages by strengthening the existing village road

Concrete roads have been proposed with 3.0 m carriageway as per the standards of the PMGSY roads

Guidelines/Norms

· Environmental Clearance is not required for construction of MCS & approach roads.

· The proposed development does not involve diversion of forest land. Therefore,Forest Clearance is not required.

· As per the CRZ Map of Orissa, a total 18 MCS & approach roads are coming underCoastal Regulation Zone for which CRZ Clearance is required.

· As per the CRZ Map of Orissa, a total 19 MCS are coming under Coastal RegulationZone for which CRZ Clearance is required.

· The proposed development does not involve destruction of ecological resourcesand displacement of people.

· There will be no impact on National Park, Wild Life Sanctuary, Reserved/Protected forest due to construction of MCS and approach roads.

· All the MCS will be constructed on government land except 3 locations –Chandanipal, Tandahar and Daluakani, where suitable government land is notavailable.

· Environmental Management Plan has been prepared to minimize the short termimpact during construction phase.· No impact is envisaged during operation phase.· Construction of MCS will not only reduce the impact of disasters but also create anetwork of disaster infrastructure including roads and relief line.· After construction of the MCS and the approach roads, the socio-economiccondition of the locality will be greatly improved.

Public Opinion and Participation

Locational choice given a thumbs up at most Palli Sabhas .

individuals as well as villagers offered to donate private land, ifrequired for the construction

The villagers did not foresee adverse impacts of construction of multipurposecyclone shelters on their livelihood, present occupation, social network andsurrounding environment

Villagers also proposed that the building (cyclone shelter) could be utilized forschool, Anganwadi Centre and a place of social and cultural activities.

approach road connecting cycloneshelter with main road should be built of concrete, height of the approach road increased by at least 3 to 4 ft from the present local groundlevel, particularly those near to the Chilika Lake and the Bay of Bengal, so that itremains accessible even in times of flood.

Year Calamity

1994 Flood

1995 Flood & Cyclone

1999 Super Cyclone

2001 Flood

2002 Flood

2003 Flood

2004 Flood

2005 Flood

2006 Flood

Main Objectives of the project

2 sq ft of Usable space within 2.25kms – disaster resilient buildings.

To save human lives, livetock / provide water, sanitation, electricity during cyclones.

integrated service delivery centers such as immunization programmes

To link these MCS with Disaster Management Plans being prepared at village, GramPanchayat and Block level

create a reliable all weather road network that connects cyclone shelters withdifferent served villages

Financial Components and Expenditure Analyzation

Component A. EWDS and Capacity Building for Coastal Communities

(Implementation Partners : NDMA & GoAP) Rs.32.31crores

Component B. Cyclone Risk Mitigation Infrastructure

(Implementation Partners : GoAP along with identified line departments) Rs.637.15 Crores

Component C. Technical Assistance for National and State Level Capacity Building and Knowledge Creation

(Implementation Partners : NIDM and NDMA) Rs.2.31 Crores

Component D. Project Management and Implementation Support

(Implementation Partners : Project Implementation Unit (PIU) ) Rs.34.63 Crores.

Project Funding

The cost of cyclone risk mitigation investments as proposed under Component B of NCRMP will be shared on a 75:25 basis; where in 75% funds will be provided by the Central Government as a grant to Project States and the rest 25% matching resources will have to be provided by the States for taking up the NCRMP Project. The remaining Components A, C and D are 100% funded by Central Government.

Project Agreement

The Project Agreement was concluded on 14.01.2011. The program implementation period starts on 01.07.2010 and ends on 30.06.2015.

Observations and Critical analysis

Social and economic benefits

The social uses during normal times for these cyclone shelters:

§ Schools;

§ Community Centers for functions on a rental basis;

§ Anganwadi centres;

§ Artisan Complexes;

§ An integrated service delivery center for the activities like training programmes, group meetings of youth, men and women;

§ Health Camps;

§ Veterinary Camps; and

§ Welfare hostels.

ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACTSThe project does not involve -

· diversion of forest land;· destruction of ecological resources· displacement of people· acquisition of private land (except three sites)

Current Negatives

- Increase of sediment load in the run off from construction sites and increase inturbidity in receiving streams/ surface water bodies.

- Water pollution due to sewage from construction camps

-Deterioration of air quality due to fugitive dusts emission from construction activitieslike excavation, backfilling & concreting, and hauling & dumping of earth materials &construction spoils, and vehicular movement along unpaved roads

-Deterioration of air quality due to gaseous emissions from construction equipment

-Domestic solid waste from construction camps & small amount of constructiondebris

The EMP – Environmental Management Plan

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is the key to ensure a safe and cleanenvironment. The desired results from the environmental management measuresproposed may not be obtained without a management plan to assure its properimplementation & function.

Fire Safety: Adequate fire safety precautionsshall be taken and required fire safetyequipment (such as fire extinguishers) shall beprovided by the Contractor.

· A readily available first aid unit includingadequate supply of sterilized dressingmaterials and appliances as per theFactories Rules in work zone· Availability of suitable transport at all timesto take injured or sick person(s) to thenearest hospital

The Contractor shall take all precaution tominimize the wastage of water in theconstruction process.

· The Contractor shall take every precaution(water sprinkling etc.) to reduce the level offugitive dust generating from constructionsite.

· Water shall be sprinkled at least twiceduring dry day on haulage roads passingthrough or near settlements (including atleast 100 m before the settlement).

· Wind barriers or screens shall be providedin the downwind direction at air pollutioncausing sources like plant sites and finematerial storage stock yards.

· The Contractor will take all precautionarymeasures to prevent the wastewatergenerated during construction fromentering into streams, water bodies or theirrigation system. He will avoid constructionworks close to streams or water bodiesduring monsoon.

Presented By –

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology