Presentation on Current Practices

AtANUSANDHANA’13- XV

NOSPlan ConventionBy Malavika, Arpan

M.TECH, VNIT,NAGPUR

EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT CITIES

CONTENTS:

• Introduction• Risk• Earthquake scenario in India• Case study on Japan• GOI-UNDP Project• Conclusion• References

INTRODUCTION

SETTLEMENT

DISASTER

RESILIENCE

A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area”. (W.H.O.)

The ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions. (UNISDR)

THE WORLD’S COMMUNITIES FACE DISASTERS FROM:

• FLOODS• SEVERE

WINDSTORMS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• DROUGHTS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES• WILDFIRES

EARTHQUAKE SCENERIO IN INDIA

Seismic zoning map brought out by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), over 65% of the country is prone to earthquakes of intensity MSK VII or more.

Gujarat Earthquake have very clearly illustrated that we need mitigation, preparedness and response plans so that the threat to human life and property is minimized.

Six major earthquakes have struck different parts of India over a span of the last 15 years.

Some of the most intense earthquakes of the world have

occurred in India, but fortunately, none of these have occurred in any of the major

cities.

ITS MARCH 11, 2011 . . . NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE:

Congestion of telephoneTelephone communication system shut downBackup power stoppedDestruction and flooding of communication equipment by tsunami

SERVICES:E-mail unavailableEarthquake warning system would not work.Destruction of information distribution systems, disappearance of important data, destruction and disappearance of family registers, resident information, etc. in local government

IMMEDIATE RECOVERY MEASURES

Funding By Bank Of Japan

Relief Measures By Satellite

Communication System

Against Earthquake

Against Power Failure

Against Tsunami

Restoration Of Infrastructure

FUTURE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

• Commitment to securing communication• Construction of large-zone base stations • Disaster voice message service• Earthquake countermeasures for

underground facilities

ESTABLISHMENT OF FG-DR&NRR• Scope Identifying requirements for disaster relief and network

resilience Identifying existing standards Identifying any additional standards Encouraging collaboration

• Objective: to make following documents Disaster relief systems and/or

applications from a telecommunication perspective, Improved network resilience and recovery capability which

could better cope with a disaster.

GOAL Sustainable Reduction in Earthquake Risk in the most earthquake-prone urban area across the country.

GOI-UNDP DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME

URBAN EARTHQUAKE VULNERABILITY REDUCTION PROJECT

VULNERABILITY REDUCTION PROJECT

OBJECTIVES

Create awareness among government functionaries, technical

institutions,NGOs, CBOs and communities

about earthquake vulnerability and possible preventive

actions..

Development and Institutionalising of Earthquake Preparedness and

ResponsePlans and practise these through

mock drills

Development of regulatory framework (techno-legal regime) to

promote safeconstruction and systems to ensure

compliance

Capacity building for certification by Government functionaries and

professionals (engineers and architects

ACTIVITIES

Awareness Generation• Consultations• City specific awareness campaign strategies• Awareness generation programmes• Development of Ready reckoners. And user-

friendly manual

Earthquake Preparedness plan

• Networking of nodal agencies and partners at different levels

• Formation of city and ward level disaster management teams

• Inventory of resources at all levels for speedy response

Developing a Techno-Legal Framework

• Orientation for policy makers• City specific audit of safe building practices• Certification system for engineers and architects• Vulnerability databases for risk and vulnerability

analysis

Capacity Building• Capacities of students of engineering &

architecture• Technical support, trainings and periodic

assessments• Capacity building of quick response teams

(qrts)• Resident welfare associations

Cont…

Cont…

Networking

• Web-based portal on knowledge sharing, inter-city co-operation on earthquake vulnerability reduction initiative research and documentation

• Capability assessment and national training plan for earthquake risk management

• Development of risk and Vulnerability Indices

Strategy

• Support National Government [MHA] efforts in strengthening its role.

• Community and urban local bodies. preparedness and response, including support to key National and State level resource institutions.

• Facilitate State and Local self Governments in ensuring administrative, institutional, financial and techno-legal mechanisms for seismic risk management

• Empower communities at risk to engage in comprehensive earthquake risk management in the most vulnerable urban centres.

Outcomes

• Enhanced capacities in Ministry of Home Affairs for disaster risk management

• Administrative and institutional framework for earthquake risk management in the most vulnerable urban centres of the country

• Development of an Earthquake Scenario document for each city

• An aware and informed community, students and teachers, key government functionaries,Masons and engineering in

• Institutionalisation of regular preparedness drills institutions, policy makers etc.

Cont..

• Review & amendment of the existing zoning regulations• Knowledge network for better involvement of stakeholders• Integration of vulnerability reduction into development

programmes to allocate resources more effectively based on needs.

Conclusions

• Developed countries like Japan also faced the problem of communication failure but the preparedness helped in quick recovery

• In countries like India which are Still developing and do not have strong back up system in times of disaster the capacity of community has to be built

References• United nations international strategy for disaster

reduction• National institute of Disaster Management report• Urban resilience planning copy India• UEVRP India Report• ITU workshop report• World health organization website

Queries..?