Curso ANSYS Mineria

Workbench - Mechanical Introduction 12.0

CURSO INTRODUCTORIOPRACTICOPRACTICOANSYS WB

TOC-1ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

May 5, 2009Inventory #002594


Table of ContentsTable of Contents



Workshop Supplement

Workshop Supplement

Inventory Number: 002594

1st Edition1st Edition

ANSYS Release: 12.0

P bli h d D t M 5 2009Published Date: May 5, 2009

Registered Trademarks:ANSYS® is a registered trademark of SAS IP Inc.All other product names mentioned in this manual are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective manufacturers.

Disclaimer Notice:This document has been reviewed and approved in accordance with the ANSYS Inc Documentation Review andThis document has been reviewed and approved in accordance with the ANSYS, Inc. Documentation Review and Approval Procedures. “This ANSYS Inc. software product (the Program) and program documentation (Documentation) are furnished by ANSYS, Inc. under an ANSYS Software License Agreement that contains provisions concerning non-disclosure, copying, length and nature of use, warranties, disclaimers and remedies, and other provisions. The Program and Documentation may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of that License Agreement.”

Copyright © 2009 SAS IP, Inc.Proprietary data. Unauthorized use, distribution, or duplication is prohibited.

All Rights Reserved.



Workshop SupplementTable of Contents

1. No Workshop

2.1 ANSYS Mechanical Basics WS2.1-1

3.1 Contact Control WS3.1-1

3 2 Mesh Control WS3 2-13.2 Mesh Control WS3.2-1

4.1 Linear Structural Analysis WS4.1-1

4.2 2D Structural Analysis WS4.2-1

5.1 Free Vibration Analysis WS5.1-1

5.2 Pre-stressed Vibration Analysis WS5.2-1

6.1 Steady State Thermal Analysis WS6.1-1

7.1 Linear Bucking WS7.1-1

8 1 R lt P i WS8 1 18.1 Results Processing WS8.1-1

9.1 Parameter Manager WS9.1-1




Workshop 2.1

ANSYS Mechanical Basics

WS2.1-1ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.


WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementNotes on Workshop 2.1• The first workshop is extensively documented. As this course

progresses, students will become more familiar with basic Workbench Mechanical functionality (menu locations etc ) thusWorkbench Mechanical functionality (menu locations etc.), thus subsequent workshops will contain less details.

• Throughout these workshops menu paths are documented as: “First pick > Second pick > etc.”.

• Workshops begin with a goals section followed by an assumptions sectionsection.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 - Goals• Using the Stress Wizard, set up and solve

a structural model for stress, deflection and safety factorand safety factor.

• Problem statement:– The model consists of a Parasolid file

representing a control box cover (see figure). The cover is intended to be used in an external pressure application (1 Mpa/145 psi).

– The cover is to be made from aluminum alloy.y

– Our goal is to verify that the part will function in its intended environment.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 - Assumptions• We will represent the constrains on

the counter bores, bottom contact area and inner sides using frictionlessarea and inner sides using frictionless supports.

– Frictionless supports place a normal constraint on an entire surface. Translational displacement is allowed in all directions except into and out of th t d l Si ldthe supported plane. Since we would expect frictional forces to at contact areas this is a conservative approach.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 - Environment• Loads: the load consists of a 1 MPa pressure applied to the 17

exterior surfaces of the cover.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 – Project Schematic• Open the Project page.• From the “Units” menu verify:

– Project units are set to “US Customary (lbm, in, s, F, A, lbf, V).– “Display Values in Project Units” is checked (on).



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 – Project Schematic

1. From the Toolbox choose create a Static Structural

t (d /d RMB)system (drag/drop or RMB).

2. RMB in the Geometry cell and I t G t B tImport Geometry. Browse to the file “Cap_fillets.x_t”.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 - Preprocessing3. Double click the “Model” cell to open the

Mechanical application.4 When the Mechanical application opens the4. When the Mechanical application opens the

model will display in the graphics window and the Mechanical Application Wizard displays on the righton the right.

When Mechanical starts if the Wizard is not displayed, use the icon to open it.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 - Preprocessing

5. Set the units system:• From the main menu go to “Units > Metric (mm,

kg, N, s, mV, mA).



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - Preprocessing6. Select a suitable material for the part:

a. From the Mechanical Wizard choose “Verify Material”b. Notice the callout box indicates Engineering Data is

accessible from the WB2 interface (Project Schematic).

c. Return to the Project schematic window and double click “E i i D t ” t th t i l ti“Engineering Data” to access the material properties.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - Preprocessing

7. With General Materials highlighted click the ‘+’ next to “Aluminum Allow” to add this material to the current project.

8. Return to the Project.

• Notice the Model cell indicates a refresh is necessary.

9. Refresh the Model cell (RMB), then return to the Mechanical windowwindow.



WS2.1: Basics


10. Highlight “Part 1” and click the “M t i l > A i t” fi ld t“Material > Assignment” field to change the material property to aluminum alloy.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - Preprocessing11. Insert Loads:

a. Select “Insert Structural Loads” from the Wizardb. Follow the call out box to insert a “Pressure” loadc. The tree will now include a Pressure load in the

“Static Structural” environment branch

b.

a.

c.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - Preprocessing12. Apply the load to geometry:

a) Highlight one of the outer faces of the part.b) Use the “Extend to Limits” icon to select the remaining 16 faces (total 17 faces

l t d)selected).c) Click “Apply” to accept the faces.d) Enter a “Magnitude” of 1MPa.

b.

aa.c.

d.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - Preprocessing13. Apply supports to constrain the part:

a. Select “Insert Supports” from the Wizard.b F ll th ll t b t i t “F i ti l S t”b. Follow the callout box to insert a “Frictionless Support”.c. “Apply” it to the 4 counter bore surfaces of the part.

b

a.

b.

c.



WS2.1: Basics


14. Repeat Steps 13.a. and 13.b. to insert a “F i ti l S t” th i f“Frictionless Support” on the inner surfaces of the bottom recess (use extend to limits after selecting one of the inner surfaces.

15. Repeat Steps 13.a. and 13.b. to insert a “Frictionless Support” on the lip surface at the bottom of the recess.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - Preprocessing16. From the Mechanical Wizard request:

a) Insert Structural Results (the call out will point to the S l ti t lb )Solution toolbar).

b) Deformation > Total.c) Stress > Equivalent (von-Mises).d) Tools > Stress Tool.

b c. d

a.

b. c. d.

Note the Stress Tool detail allows 4 different configurations (explained later). For this workshop we will leave the tool specified as “Max Equivalent Stress”



For this workshop we will leave the tool specified as “Max Equivalent Stress” theory.

WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 - Solution17. Solve the model:

a. Select “Solve” from the Wizard.b. Follow the callout box and click on “Solve”.

b.

a.

• Note how clicking on “Solve” in the Wizard does not automatically start solving the model but instead, points out the “Solve” icon to the user. Alternatively, you



could right click on any branch in the “outline” and choose “Solve”

WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 - Results18. View the results:

a. Click “View Results” from the Wizardb. Follow the callout box to where the results are

available under the “Solution” branch

a.

b.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - Results• Plotting a model’s deformation often provides a “reality check” in

structural analysis. Verifying the general nature (direction and amount) of deflection can help avoid obvious mistakes in modelamount) of deflection can help avoid obvious mistakes in model setup. Animations are often used as well.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - Results• After reviewing stress results expand the safety tool and plot safety

factor. Notice the failure theory selected predicts a minimum safety factor of just over 1factor of just over 1.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 2.1 - Report19. Create an html report:

a. First choose the graphical items you wish to include in your report by highlighting the b.to include in your report by highlighting the branches and orienting the plot (this is your choice).

b. Next, insert a “Figure” from the toolbar. c. Click the “Report Preview” tab to generate

the report. c.

a.



WS2.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 2.1 - ReportNotes on Figures:• Figures are not limited to results items. Adding a plot of the

f fenvironment branch, for example, will include an image of model boundary conditions in the Report.

• Figures are independent. You may set up individual figures and have gu es a e depe de t ou ay set up d dua gu es a d a etheir orientation, zoom level, etc. retained regardless of the active model orientation or other figures.

• Individual branches can have multiple figures associated with them• Individual branches can have multiple figures associated with them.




Workshop 3.2

Meshing ControlMeshing Control



WS3.2: Meshing Control

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.2 - Goals• Use the various ANSYS Mechanical mesh controls to enhance the

mesh for the model below.• Problem statement:

– The model consists of a Parasolid file representing a solenoid.– Our goal is to mesh the model using all defaults and inspect the result. g g p

Next we will add mesh controls to modify the mesh in various regions of the model.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.2 - Assumptions

• Since this is a meshing exercise we will not be applying loads or solving the model. Instead we will assume a linear static structural ganalysis is to follow the meshing operation.

• Note, due to a certain randomness in the nature of meshing, the actual number of elements generated during the workshop may vary g g p y yfrom machine to machine. This is normal.









Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.2 – Project Schematic1. In the Toolbox, double click

“Static Structural” to create a new analysis systemnew analysis system.

1.

2. RMB on the “Geometry” cell and “Import Geometry” Browse to

2.

Import Geometry . Browse to “Solenoid_Body.x_t”.

3. Double click the “Model” cell to start the Mechanical application. 3.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.2 - Basic Meshing• Start by meshing the model using all

defaults. This will establish a “base line” from which we can compareline from which we can compare changes.

4 Highlight the mesh branch “RMB > 44. Highlight the mesh branch, “RMB > Generate Mesh”.

4.

When mesh generationWhen mesh generation completes we can view the mesh and inspect the statistics in the details for the mesh branch.

4771 elements.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 3.2 – Mesh Size Control• Based on our inspection we may decide a

more refined mesh is necessary for our analysisanalysis.

5. In the mesh branch details expand the “sizing” section and set the “Relevance 5Center” to “Medium.

6. RMB the mesh branch and Generate Mesh.

5.

Again visually the refinement is obvious.

6.

refinement is obvious. Details also show an increase in mesh size.

10 447 l t10,447 elements.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 3.2 – Mesh Shape Control• A closer look at the mesh seems to show some anomalies where

certain faces meet.• By zooming to the area in question we can see several small• By zooming to the area in question we can see several small

“sliver” surfaces are forcing a fine mesh locally.• We’ll attempt to clean this up using virtual topology.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.2 – Virtual Topology7. Insert the virtual topology branch

(highlight the Model branch):RMB I t Vi t l T la. RMB > Insert > Virtual Topology.

• Since it appears that the sliver area is

a.

ppcloser to being tangent to the sides, we will combine these into virtual cells.

Side

Sliver

In order to preserve the basicSide In order to preserve the basic topology we will join pairs of surfaces into virtual cells

th th t i t birather than trying to combine all surfaces together. The result will be 3 cells per side, 6



in total.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.2 – Virtual Topology8. Create Virtual Cells:

a. Select one of the sliver surfaces.a.b.

b. Hold the CTRL key and select the adjacent surface (as shown at right).

c. RMB > Insert > Virtual Cell. c.

• The resulting virtual cell is gdisplayed in red. Although underlying surfaces still exist, this is the surface the mesherthis is the surface the mesher will use.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 3.2 – Virtual Topology• Continue by creating the remaining 5

virtual cells (select in pairs as before). When complete you will have a totalWhen complete you will have a total of 6 virtual cells.

9. Remesh the model (highlight the mesh branch):mesh branch):a. RMB > Generate Mesh.

a.

The resulting mesh shows a much more uniform mesh with a significantmesh with a significant reduction in element count.



7997 elements.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 3.2 – Mapped Face Meshing10. Map mesh several faces (highlight

Mesh branch):a. Select the 3 planar faces shown here.b. RMB > Insert > Mapped Face Meshing.c. RMB > Generate Mesh.

As shown map meshing results is

a.

meshing results is elements on the selected faces which share very regular

b.

share very regular shapes.

c.

If time permits experiment with other mesh



If time permits experiment with other mesh controls.


Workshop 3.1

C C lContact Control



WS3.1: Contact Control

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.1 - Goals• Workshop 3.1 investigates contact behavior on a simple assembly. It

is meant to illustrate how rigid body motion can occur as a result of improper contact set upimproper contact set up.

• Problem statement:– The model consists of a simple Parasolid assembly filep y– Our goal is to set up contact among the parts in the assembly and see

how non symmetric loading can effect the results.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.1 - Assumptions• We’ll assume the friction between the arm shaft and the holes in the

side plates is negligible. We’ll make the same assumption for the contact between the arm shaft and the stop shaft Finally we’llcontact between the arm shaft and the stop shaft. Finally we’ll assume the stop shaft is fixed to each of the side plates.

Arm Shaft

Side Plate

Side Plate

Stop Shaft



p







Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 3.1 – Project Schematic1. In the Toolbox, double click

“Static Structural” to create a new analysis systemnew analysis system.

1.

2 RMB on the “Geometry” cell2. RMB on the “Geometry” cell and “Import Geometry”. Browse to “Contact_Arm.x_t”.

2.





3. Double click the “Model” cell to open the Mechanical application.

3.

4 Set the working Unit System: 4.4. Set the working Unit System:– Units > U.S Customary (in, lbm, lbf, °F, s, V, A)

4.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 3.1 - Preprocessing5. RMB the “Connections” branch

and “Rename Based on Definition”Definition”.

5.

• The result is contact regions are now defined with respect to thenow defined with respect to the parts associated with each. Notice the type of contact (e.g. bonded, etc ) is also shownetc.) is also shown.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 3.1 - Preprocessing6. Based on the assumptions stated

earlier change 3 of the contact regions to “No Separation” as shown here:

U h CTR k d l h 3

a.

a. Use the CTRL key and select the 3 contact regions shown here.

b. In the details change the contact gtype to “No Separation”.• Each contact region could be

changed individually selecting all 3

b.

changed individually, selecting all 3 merely saves time.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.1 - Environment7. Fix the assembly (highlight the

“Static Structural” branch (A5):S l t th 2 f th d f tha. Select the 2 faces on the ends of the Side Plates.

b. RMB > Insert > Fixed Support.

a.

b.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 3.1 - Environment8. Apply a force load to the ArmShaft:

a. Select the split face on the top of the A Sh ftArmShaft.

b. RMB > Insert > Force.c. In the force details change to

a.

“Component”d. Set:

• Y component = - 10 lbf (minus 10) b.p ( )• Z component = +1

c.

d.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.1 – Initial Solution9. Highlight the Solution branch (A6)

and RMB > Insert > Deformation > Total 9Total.

10. Solve (you will see a warning message that the model may be unconstrained)

9.

unconstrained).– Highlight the “Total Deformation”

to view the result.10.

– Although slight, we can see the A Sh ft i b i i tArmShaft is beginning to move sideways. We have no contact or boundary condition to prevent this motion as it is currently set up. Ifmotion as it is currently set up. If the magnitude of the load becomes large enough, the solution will fail.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.1 – Modified Environment11. Add a frictionless support to the

ArmShaft:a Select one of the faces on the end ofa. Select one of the faces on the end of

the shaft for the ArmShaft.b. RMB > Insert >Frictionless Support.

• Either end of the shaft can be chosen

a.

• Either end of the shaft can be chosen.

• A frictionless support provides a b.

pp pconstraint which is normal to the surface upon which it is applied. In this case the shaft will be free to rotate but cannot move out of plane (in this case the Z direction is constrained).




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 3.1 – Modified Result

• Once again solve the model and inspect the deformations. As can be seen the ArmShaft is now prevented from moving.– In setting up contact models it is important to assess what motions

have and have not, been accounted for.




Workshop 4.2

2D St t l A l i2D Structural Analysis



WS4.2: 2D Structural Analysis

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 - Goals• Workshop 4.2 consists of a 2 part assembly representing a pressure

cap and retaining flange (full model shown below).( )• We will solve it as a 2D axisymmetric model (shown on next page).

Pressure Cap

Retaining Ring

Full Model




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 – Assumptions• 2D axisymmetric model assumptions:

• The retaining ring is fixed at its mounting holes.Th t t i b t th t i f i ti l• The contact region between the parts is frictionless.

• The base of the pressure cap is constrained using a compression only support.

Note: due to the presence of the bolt holes the structure is not truly axisymmetric– Note: due to the presence of the bolt holes the structure is not truly axisymmetric.

Pressure Cap



Retaining Ring


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.2 – Project Schematic• Open the Project page.• From the Units menu verify:

– Project units are set to “Metric (kg, mm, s, C, mA, mV).– “Display Values in Project Units” is checked (on).




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 – Project Schematic1. Double click “Static

Structural” analysis type to add a new systemadd a new system.

1

2 RMB the Geometry cell and2. RMB the Geometry cell and request “Properties”. 2




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 - Project Schematic3. In the “Analysis Type” field specify

“2D”.• Once this setting is made the• Once this setting is made the

properties window may be closed if desired.

• Note this setting indicates the model to be analyzed is not a full 3D model but represents a 33D model but represents a symmetry section. It is important that this is set prior to importinggeometry as this setting cannot be

3



g y gchanged after the import.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 - Project Schematic4. Double click the “Engineering Data” cell

to add material properties. 4

5. With the “General Materials” library highlighted choose the ‘+’ next to “Stainless Steel” to add the material to the project.p j

6. “Return to Project”.

6



5


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 – Geometry Setup7. From the “Geometry” cell, RMB >

“Import Geometry” and browse to: “Axisym pressure 2D 12 x t”“Axisym_pressure_2D_12.x_t”.

7

8 Double click the “Model” cell to8. Double click the “Model” cell to start Mechanical.

8




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 – Preprocessing9. Set the working unit system:

• “Units > Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA)”.99

10 Change part behavior to “Axisymmetric”:10. Change part behavior to Axisymmetric :a. Highlight the “Geometry” branchb. Change the “2D Behavior” under the “Details of

Geometry” to “Axisymmetric”

a.

Geometry to Axisymmetric

Rename the Parts:• Rename the Parts:• Part1: RMB > Rename to “Retaining Ring”.• Part2: RMB > Rename to “Pressure Cap”.

b.




Workshop Supplement…Workshop 4.2 – Preprocessing11. Change the material assigned to the

“Pressure Cap”: a Highlight “Pressure Cap”

11a.a. Highlight Pressure Capb. Under the “Details of “Pressure Cap”

Choose Material > Assignment = “Stainless Steel”.

11b.

12 Modify contact behavior:12. Modify contact behavior: a. In the “Details of Contact Region”,

change the “Type” to “Frictionless”

12a



12a.


Workshop Supplement…Workshop 4.2 – Contact13. Generate the Mesh:

a. RMB the “Mesh” branch and choose “Generate M h”Mesh”.

a.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 – Environment14. Apply Loads on the model (make sure the Static

Structural branch is highlighted):a. Select the 4 inside edges (shown in dashed black lines) of g ( )

the Pressure Cap .• Hint : select one of the edges and use “extend to limits”

b. “RMB > Insert > Pressure”.c Set the pressure magnitude = 0 1 MPac. Set the pressure magnitude = 0.1 MPa.

a b.a.

c.



c.


Workshop Supplement…Workshop 4.2 – Environment15. Apply Supports to the model:

ba. Highlight the bottom edge of the pressure cap (shown in black dashed lines).

b.“RMB > Insert > Compression Only Support”.

b.

p y pp

a.




Workshop Supplement…Workshop 4.2 – Environmentc. Select the middle line on the top of the retaining ring (shown in black

dashed lines).d “RMB > Insert > Fixed Support”d. RMB > Insert > Fixed Support .

• Note : Remember, the axisymmetric assumption here is that the retaining ring is a continuous solid. Actually there are bolt holes around its circumference. For this reason, when the model was created in DesignModeler this separate line was intentionally created to provide a location to add ourin DesignModeler this separate line was intentionally created to provide a location to add our support.

d.

c.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 – Solution• Solve the model.

• Notes on axisymmetry :• Notice that the model lies completely in +X space with the Y axis as the axis of revolution. This is

required for axisymmetry.q y y• Axisymmetry assumes that the model is a complete 360 degree model. For this reason no constraints

in the X direction are required. The portion of the pressure load acting in the +X direction is assumed to be offset by an equal portion in the –X direction.

• View any warning messages/errors : a Errors/warning messages are displayed in the “Messages” tab at the bottom of the graphicsa. Errors/warning messages are displayed in the Messages tab at the bottom of the graphics

screen.b. Double click on the message to view it. Click “OK” to close the warning window.

• Note : Note: due to the fact that the pressure cap is constrained using frictionless contact and a compression only support, weak springs are added to prevent rigid body motion




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.2 – Postprocessing• Insert Results into the “Solution” branch:

• Highlight the Solution branch, RMB and insert Stress > Equivalent (von-Mi )Mises)

• Highlight the Solution branch, RMB and Insert> Deformation > Total• Switch to body select mode, select the pressure cap and repeat steps

(a.) and (b.)• Note : the last two results are now scoped to the pressure cap. This will allow us to isolate its

response.

• Solve




Workshop Supplement…Workshop 4.2 – Postprocessing• Highlight each of the result objects to inspect the result.

Equivalent Stress on all bodies Total Deformation on Pressure Cap




Workshop Supplement…Workshop 4.2 – PostprocessingView Solution time by highlighting the “Solution Information” branch:

– The graphics window will change to the Worksheet view. Scroll to the b tt f th l ti i f ti d t th El d Ti (thi illbottom of the solution information and note the Elapsed Time (this will vary by machine).

• Note, CP time represents the sum for all processors used. In multiprocessor machines it will generally exceed elapsed timegenerally exceed elapsed time.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.2 – Comparison• Solution time comparison using refined 3D symmetry mesh:

– 2D Elapsed Time = 9.0 seconds.– 3D Elapsed Time = 41.0 seconds.




Workshop 4.1

Linear Structural AnalysisLinear Structural Analysis



WS4.1: Linear Structural Analysis

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.1 - Goals• Workshop 4 consists of a 5 part assembly representing an impeller

type pump. Our primary goals are to analyze the assembly with a preload on the belt of 100N to test:preload on the belt of 100N to test:

– That the impeller will not deflect more than 0.075mm with the applied load.

– That the use of a plastic pump housing will not exceed the material’s elastic limits around the shaft bore.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.1 - Assumptions• We’ll assume the pump housing is rigidly mounted to the rest of the

pump assembly. To simulate this, a frictionless support is applied to the mounting facethe mounting face.

• Similarly, frictionless surfaces on the mounting hole counter bores will be used to simulate the mounting bolt contacts. (Note if accurate stresses were desired at the mounting holes, a “compression only” support would be a better choice).

• Finally a bearing load (X = 100 N) is used on the pulley to simulateFinally, a bearing load (X = 100 N) is used on the pulley to simulate the load from the drive belt. The bearing load will distribute the force over the face of the pulley only where the belt contact occurs.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.1 – Project Schematic• Open the Project page.• From the Units menu verify:





Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 - Project Schematic1. From the Toolbox insert a

“Static Structural” system into the Project Schematicthe Project Schematic.

1.

2. From the Geometry cell, RMB y ,and “Import Geometry > Browse”. Import the file “Pump_assy3.x_t”.

3 Double click the “Model” cell to

2.

3. Double click the Model cell to start the Mechanical application.

3.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.1 – Preprocessing4. Set the working unit system:

• “Units > Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA)”.4.

5. Add “Polyethylene” the Engineering Data (return to Workbench window):a. Double click the Engineering Data cell.

4.

g gb. Highlight General Materials and click the + sign

next to “Polyethylene”.c Return to the Projectc. Return to the Project.

aa.

c.



b.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.1 – Preprocessing6. Refresh the Model cell:

a. RMB > Refresh.

6a.

• Return to the Mechanical window.

7. Change the material on the pump housing (“Part 1”):

7a.housing ( Part 1 ):a. Highlight “Part 1” under geometry.b. From details change the material 7b.

assignment to “Polyethylene”.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 – Preprocessing8. Change the contact region behavior for the

first 4 contact regions (shown below): H ld th hift k d hi hli ht th fi t 4 aa. Hold the shift key and highlight the first 4 contact branches.

b. From the detail window change the contact

a.

type to “no separation”.• The remainder of the contacts will be left as

“bonded”.b.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.1 - Environment9. Apply the bearing load to the pulley:

a. Highlight the “Static Structural” branch.b Highlight the pulley’s groove surfaceb. Highlight the pulley s groove surface.c. RMB > Insert > Bearing Load”.d. From the detail window change to “Components”

and “X = 100 N” aand X = 100 N a.

b.

d.

c.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 - Environment10. Apply supports to the assembly:

a. Highlight the mating face on the pump housing (part 1).b.“RMB > Insert > Frictionless Support”.

a.

b.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 - Environment• Now we will add the frictionless supports to the 8 countersink portions of

the mounting holes (shown here).• Each of the required surfaces could be selected individually while holding

th CTRL k h ill ( l t b i ) id d ith ththe CTRL key however we will use a macro (select by size) provided with the DS installation. After selecting the initial surface, running the macro finds and selects all surfaces of the same size (area). Note, this macro also works with edges or bodies.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 - Environment11. Select the countersunk holes (selectbysize

macro):a. Highlight 1 of the countersink surfaces

a.g g

(arbitrary).b. Choose “Tools > Run Macro . . .” and browse to:

C:\Program Files\ANSYSInc\v120\AISOL\DesignSpace\DSPages\macros

c. In the browser choose “selectBySize.js”d. Click “Open”

C:\Program Files\ANSYSInc\v120\AISOL\DesignSpace\DSPages\macros

b.c.

d



d.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 - Environment

12. Constrain the countersunk hole surfaces:a. From the context menu, click on “Supports” a. From the context menu, click on Supports

and choose “Frictionless Support” or “RMB > Insert > Frictionless Support”

a.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 - Solution

13. Highlight the “Analysis Settings” and from the details window change “Weak Springs” fromdetails window change Weak Springs from “Program Controlled” to “Off”. 13.

– Note : Because of the presence of frictionless supports non bonded contact, Workbench-Mechanical will trigger the use of weak springs during the solution. If we know the model is fully constrained we can turn off this function. Before turning off weak springs make SURE that rigid body motion is prevented. Failing to do so can result in an unconverged solution.

14. Solve the model:• Choose solve from the tool bar or RMB Solution• Choose solve from the tool bar or RMB Solution

branch and choose “Solve”. 14.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 4.1 – Postprocessing15. Add results to solution:

a. Highlight the solution branch:b From the context menu choose Stresses > Equivalent (von Mises) orb. From the context menu, choose Stresses > Equivalent (von-Mises) or

RMB > Insert > Stress > Equivalent (von-Mises)c. Repeat the step above, choose Deformation > “Total Deformation”

• Solve again. – Note: adding results and resolving the model will not cause a complete solution to take place.

Results are stored in the database and requesting results requires only an update.Results are stored in the database and requesting results requires only an update.

bb. c.

a



a.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 – Postprocessing• While the overall plots can be used as a reality check to verify our

loads, the plots are less than ideal since much of the model is only slightly effected by themslightly effected by them.

• To improve the quality of results available we will “scope” results to individual parts”.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 – Postprocessing16. Scope the results to individual

bodies/surfaces:a Highlight the “Solution” branch and switch the

a.a. Highlight the Solution branch and switch the

selection filter to “Body” select mode.b. Select the impeller (part 2)c “RMB > Insert > Stress > equivalent (von- Mises)” b.c. RMB > Insert > Stress > equivalent (von Mises)

• Notice the detail for the new result indicates a scope of 1 Body.

17. Repeat the procedure above to insert “Total Deformation” results for the impeller part.

18. Repeat to add individually scoped stress and c.

total deformation results to the pump housing (part 1).




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 – Postprocessing19. Rename the new results:

a. RMB on the result > Rename b. Rename the results as shown here to simplify postprocessing

b.

a.

20. Solve




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 – Postprocessing• By checking the impeller deformation we can verify that one of our

goals is met. The maximum deformation is approximately 0.024mm (goal < 0 075mm)(goal < 0.075mm).




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 4.1 – Postprocessing• Inspection of the housing stress shows that, overall, the stress levels

are below the material’s elastic limit (tensile yield = 25 MPa). We could again use scoping to isolate the results in the area of interestcould again use scoping to isolate the results in the area of interest.




Workshop 5.2

Pre-Stressed Vibration Analysis



WS5.2: Pre-Stressed Vibration Analysis

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.2 - Goals• Our goal is to simulate the modal response of the tension link (shown

below) in both a stressed and unstressed state. S f• Specifically, we will load the link with a 4000 N tensile load and compare the natural frequency to that of the unloaded component.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.2 – Project Schematic1. Double click Static Structural in

the Toolbox to create a new system.system.

2. Drag/drop a “Modal” system onto the “Solution” cell of the static

1.

the “Solution” cell of the static structural system.

2.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 5.2 – Project Schematic• When the schematic is correctly set up it should appear as shown

here.

“Drop Target”

• The “drop target” from the previous page indicates the outcome of the drag and drop operation. Cells A2 thru A4 from system (A) are g p p y ( )shared by system (B). Similarly the solution cell A6 is transferred to the system B setup. In fact, the structural solution drives the buckling analysis



buckling analysis.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 5.2 – Project Schematic• Verify:





Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 5.2 – Project Schematic3. From the static structural system

(A), RMB the Geometry cell and “Import Geometry” Browse to theImport Geometry . Browse to the file “tension_link.x_t”.

3.

4 Double click the “Model” cell to4. Double click the Model cell to open the Mechanical application.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.2 - Setup5. Set the working Unit System:

– Units > Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA)

6. Apply supports to the model (highlight “Static Structural” (A5):

5.

( )a. Highlight one of the inside faces of one washer

“RMB > Insert > Fixed Support”.b Highlight the face on the rim of the otherb. Highlight the face on the rim of the other

washer “RMB > Insert > Frictionless Support”.Frictionless

S t

b.

Fixed Support Supporta.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.2 - Preprocessing7. Apply tensile load to the model:

a. Orient the model as necessary and zoom i th i id f f th h hin on the inside face of the washer where the frictionless support is applied to the rim.

Force

b. “RMB > Insert > Force”.c. In the “Details of Force”, change to

“Components”a.

Componentsd. Enter “4000” in the “Z” component

Magnitude field.• Note: depending on your choices for• Note: depending on your choices for

supports the load may need to be defined as – 4000 N to put the rod in tension

c.

d



d.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.2 - Analysis Settings8. Highlight the modal “Solution” branch (B6)

and Solve.

– When solution completes

9. Insert modal results:a. RMB in the timeline and “Select All”.b. RMB in the timeline and “Create Mode Shape

Results”.

10. RMB the Solution branch and “Evaluate All R lt ”Results”.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.2 – Postprocessing11. Highlight various results to view displaced mode shapes.




Workshop Supplement… Workshop 5.2 – Postprocessing• This table illustrates the change in the first natural frequency as the

force is increased (note this table is for illustration only and is not part of the workshop)part of the workshop).




Workshop 5.1

Free Vibration Analysis



WS5.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.1 - Goals• Our goal is to investigate the vibration characteristics of a motor

cover manufactured from 18 gage steel. The cover is to be fastened to a device operating at 1000 Hzto a device operating at 1000 Hz.



WS5.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.1 - Assumptions• The cover is meant to slip over a cylinder and be constrained at the

bolt hole locations. To simulate the area contacting the cylinder the surface has been split (see below) We will use a frictionless supportsurface has been split (see below). We will use a frictionless support on this surface to simulate the contact area. The frictionless support type applies a constraint that is normal to the surface, thus axial and

i l i ll d hil di l i itangential movement is allowed while radial motion is not.

• To simulate the bolted connections a fixed support type will be used on the edges of the bolt holes.



WS5.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 5.1 – Project Schematic• Open the Project page.• From the “Units” menu verify:




WS5.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.1 – Project Schematic1. From the Toolbox double click

“Modal” to create a new system.

1.

2. RMB the “Geometry” cell and browse to “Motor_cover_5.x_t”._ _ _

3. Double click “Model” to open the Mechanical applicationMechanical application.

2.

3.



WS5.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.1 - Setup4. Set the working Unit System:

– Units > U.S Customary (in, lbm, lbf, °F, s, V, A)

5. Rename the Model: – RMB Model branch > Rename > “5 Hole Cover”.

4.

55.



WS5.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.1 - Preprocessing• Since the model consists of surface geometry the

parts will be meshed with shell elements. Surface geometry requires input for thickness in the details ageometry requires input for thickness in the details.

6. Specify Part thickness:

a.

a. Highlight the “Part 1” branch.• Note : The “Thickness” field is currently displayed in

yellow to indicate it is undefined. Also, the Part has a question mark next to it which means that it is not fullyquestion mark next to it which means that it is not fully defined

b. Click in the “Thickness” field and set “Thickness” = 0.05 in.Thickness 0.05 in.• Note : Entering a thickness for the part changes the status

icon from a question mark to a check mark meaning that it is now fully defined.

b.



WS5.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.1 - Environment7. Apply supports to model (highlight the

“Modal” branch (A5): M k th t i F S l t M d

a.a. Make sure that you are in Face Select Mode.

Select the cylindrical split face, RMB > Insert > Frictionless Support

b. Switch to Edge Select mode and select the edges for each of the 5 holes, RMB > Insert > Fixed SupportS pp

b.



WS5.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.1 – Analysis Settings8. Set Options for Modal Analysis:

a. Highlight “Analysis Settings” to set the “Max modes to Find” (defaults to 6 modes)modes to Find (defaults to 6 modes).

a.

• As a final check verify the status symbols next to the branches. All branches should have either:either:– Yellow Lightening bolt (ready to be solved).– Green check mark (fully defined).

9. Solve the model.9



9.

WS5.1: Basics

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 5.1 - Results10. Select Mode shapes to view:

a. Click on the “Solution” branch (A6). This will display the “Timeline” d th “T b l D t ” h i f th f i t hi hand the “Tabular Data” showing a summary of the frequencies at which

the modes occur.b. In the “Timeline” RMB > “Select All” to select all modes.

• Note : This can be done from the “Tabular Data” as well.

c. RMB > “Create Mode Shape Results”.d. Click Solve to view the results.

d.

a.

c.

b



a. b.

WS5.1: Basics

Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 5.1 - Results• View Results (highlight the desired mode):

• Note : Displacements reported in mode shapes do not reflect the actual displacements. Actual displacements will depend on the energy input to the system.




Workshop 6.1

Steady State Thermal AnalysisSteady State Thermal Analysis



WS6.1: Steady State Thermal Analysis

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 6.1 - Goals• In this workshop we will analyze the pump housing shown below for

its heat transfer characteristics.S f f• Specifically a plastic and an aluminum version of the housing will be analyzed using the same boundary conditions.

• Our goal is to compare the thermal results for each configuration.Ou goa s to co pa e t e t e a esu ts o eac co gu at o




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 6.1 - AssumptionsAssumptions:• The pump housing is mounted to a pump which is held at a constant

°C f60 °C. We assume the mating face on the pump is also held at this temperature.

• The interior surfaces of the pump are held at a constant temperature e te o su aces o t e pu p a e e d at a co sta t te pe atu eof 90 °C by the fluid.

• The exterior surfaces are modeled using a simplified convection correlation for stagnant air at 20 °Ccorrelation for stagnant air at 20 °C.









Workshop Supplement… Workshop 6.1 – Project Schematic1. From the Toolbox, double

click “Steady-State Thermal” to create a new Steady Stateto create a new Steady State Thermal system.

1.

2. RMB the Geometry cell and “Import Geometry” – browse p yto the file: “Pump_housing.x_t”

2.




Workshop Supplement… Workshop 6.1 – Project Schematic3. Double click “Engineering Data” to

access material properties. 3.

4. With “General Materials” highlighted click the ‘+’ next to “Aluminum Alloy” and “Polyethylene” properties to add them to the project.p j

5. “Return to Project”.4.

5



5.


Workshop Supplement… Workshop 6.1 – Project Schematic6. Drag/drop a “Steady

State Thermal” system onto thesystem onto the “Geometry” cell in the first system.– Prior to releasing the

6.

Prior to releasing the new system the drop box should indicate cells A2 and A3 will be shared

• When complete the schematic should graphically indicate g p ythis data sharing as shown here (we now have 2 “systems”, A



and B).


Workshop Supplement… Workshop 6.1 – Project Schematic7. Double click the “Model” cell in the first

(A) system to open the Mechanical applicationapplication. 7.

8. From the Units menu choose:– “Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA)” – “Celsius (For Metric Systems)”Celsius (For Metric Systems)

8.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 6.1 – Preprocessing9. Change the material and mesh on

the pump housing (“Part 1”):Hi hli ht “P t 1” d t

a.a. Highlight “Part 1” under geometry.b. From details import the material

“polyethylene”.c. Highlight the Mesh branch and set

the mesh relevance = 100.

b.

c.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 6.1 - Environment10.Apply temperatures (highlight the

Steady State Thermal branch): a Select the interior surfaces (13

a. b.a. Select the interior surfaces (13

faces) of the pump housing (hint: use “Extend To Limits” selection feature).

b. RMB > Insert > Temperature.c. Set “Magnitude” field to 90 °C.

d. Select the mating surface of the pump housing.

e. “RMB > Insert > Temperature”.c.

f. Set “Magnitude” field to 60 °C. e.

d.f



f.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 6.1 - Environment11. Apply Convection:

a. Select the exterior (32) surfaces of the pump housing (hint: use extend to limits)

a.b.

housing (hint: use extend to limits).b. “RMB > Insert > Convection”.c. In the “Details of Convection” click in the “Film

Coefficient” field and choose “Import . . . ”.

Be sure to choose import for convections.

“ “Sd. “Import” the correlation “Stagnant Air –Simplified Case”.

e. Set the “Ambient Temperature” field to 20 °C.

cd.

c.



e.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 6.1 – Solution – Model A12.Solve the model.13.When the solution is complete insert Temperature and Total Heat

( )

12.

Flux results (solve to evaluate results).

13.

• Results for polyethylene model.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 6.1 – Model B Setup14. From the project schematic

double click the “Model” branch in system “B” tobranch in system B to open a second Mechanical application window.

14.

• Repeat steps 9 (a thru c) h i “Al ichoosing “Aluminum

Alloy”.

• Repeat steps 10 and 11 to apply the same boundary conditions on Model B.

• Repeat steps 12 and 13 to solve and view results for



model B.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 6.1 – Solution – Model B• Results for aluminum alloy model.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 6.1 – Postprocessing• Compare Heat Flux:

• Highlight the “Total Heat Flux” results from each model and switch to t di l dvector display mode.

Activate vector display

Control vector density

Polyethylene Aluminum



y y Aluminum


Workshop 7

Linear Buckling AnalysisLinear Buckling Analysis



WS7.1: Linear Buckling

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 7.1 - Goals• The goal in this workshop is to verify linear buckling results in

ANSYS Workbench. Results will be compared to closed form calculations from a handbookcalculations from a handbook.

• Next we will apply an expected load of 10,000 lbf to the model and determine its factor of safety.

• Finally we will verify that the structure will not fail structurally before buckling occurs.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 7.1 - Assumptions• The model is a steel pipe that is assumed to be fixed at one

end and free at the other with a purely compressive load li d t th f d Di i d ti f thapplied to the free end. Dimensions and properties of the

pipe are:• OD = 4.5 in ID = 3.5 in. E = 30e6 psi, I = 12.7 in^4, L = 120 in.p , ,• In this case we assume the pipe conforms to the following

handbook formula where P’ is the critical load:

( )⎥⎤

⎢⎡ ••

•=2

' IEKP π( )⎥⎦

⎢⎣

•= 2LKP

• For the case of a fixed / free beam the parameter K = 0.25.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 - Assumptions

• Using the formula and data from the previous page we can di t th b kli l d ill bpredict the buckling load will be:

( ) lbfeP 365648771.12630250'2

=⎥⎤

⎢⎡ ••

•=π lbfP 3.65648

)120(25.0 2 =⎥

⎦⎢⎣

•=




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 7.1 – Project Schematic1. Double click Static Structural in

the Toolbox to create a new system.system.

2. Drag/drop a “Linear Buckling” system onto the “Solution” cell of

1.

system onto the “Solution” cell of the static structural system.

2.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 – Project Schematic• When the schematic is correctly set up it should appear as shown

here.

“Drop Target”

• The “drop target” from the previous page indicates the outcome of the drag and drop operation. Cells A2 thru A4 from system (A) are g p p y ( )shared by system (B). Similarly the solution cell A6 is transferred to the system B setup. In fact, the structural solution drives the buckling analysis



buckling analysis.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 – Project Schematic• Verify that the Project units are set to “US Customary (lbm, in, s, F, A,

lbf, V).f• Verify units are set to “Display Values in Project Units”.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 – Project Schematic3. From the static structural system (A),

double click the Engineering Data cell.

3.

4. To match the hand calculations o atc t e a d ca cu at o sreferenced earlier, change the Young’s modulus of the structural steel.

Hi hli ht “E i i D t ” a.a. Highlight “Engineering Data”.b. Highlight Structural Steel.c. Expand “Isotropic Elasticity” and

modify Young’s Modulus to 3 0E7 psi

a.

modify Young s Modulus to 3.0E7 psi.

• Note : changing this property from “Engineering Data” does not effect the stored value for St t l St l i th G l M t i l lib

b.

Structural Steel in the General Material library. To save a material for future use we would “Export” the properties as a new material to the material library. Since we only need the value for this workshop we will not do that in this case



this workshop we will not do that in this case.

c.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 – Project Schematic5. From the static structural

system (A), RMB the Geometry cell and “Import Geometry”cell and “Import Geometry”. Browse to the file “Pipe.x_t”.

5.

6. Double click the Model cell to start Mechanical.

6.

• When the Mechanical application opens the tree



pp pwill reflect the setup from the project schematic.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 7.1 - Preprocessing7. Set the working unit system to the U.S.

customary system:U S C t (i lb i °F V A)a. U.S. Customary (in, lbm, psi, °F, s, V, A).

8. Apply constraints to the pipe: a. Highlight the Static Structural branch (A5). a.g g ( )b. Select the surface on one end of the pipe.c. “RMB > Insert > Fixed Support”.

b

a.

b.

c.a.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 7.1 - Environment9. Add buckling loads:

a. Select the surface on the opposite end of the pipe f th fi d t

a.from the fixed support.

b. “RMB > Insert > Force”.c. In the force detail change the “Define by” field to

“Components”.d. In the force detail enter “1” in the “Magnitude” field

for the “Z Component”.

c.b.

d.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 - Environment10.Solve the model:

a. Highlight the Solution branch for the Linear B kli l i (B6) d S lBuckling analysis (B6) and Solve.

• Note, this will automatically trigger a solve for the static structural analysis above it.

11 Wh th l ti l t11.When the solution completes:a. Highlight the buckling “Solution” branch (B6).

– The Timeline graph and the Tabular Data will adisplay the 1st buckling mode (more modes can be requested).

b. RMB in the Timeline and choose “Select All”.

a.

c. RMB > “Create Mode Shape Results” (this will add a “Total Deformation” branch to the tree).

c.

ba.



b.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 7.1 - Results

– Click “Solve” to view the first mode

• Recall that we applied a unit (1) force thus the result compares well with our



• Recall that we applied a unit (1) force thus the result compares well with our closed form calculation of 65648 lbf.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 - Results12. Change the force value to the expected load

(10000 lbf):Hi hli ht th “F ” d th “St tia. Highlight the “Force” under the “Static Structural (A5)” branch

b. In the details, change the “Z Component” of 11athe force to 10000.

13. Solve:a. Highlight the Linear Buckling Solution branch

11a.

a. Highlight the Linear Buckling Solution branch (B6), RMB and “Solve”.

11b.12a.



11b.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 - Results• When the solution completes note the “Load Multiplier” field now

shows a value of 6.56. Since we now have a “real world” load applied the load multiplier is interpreted as the buckling factor ofapplied, the load multiplier is interpreted as the buckling factor of safety for the applied load.

• Given that we have already calculated a buckling load of 65600 lbf, the result is obviously trivial (65600 / 10000). It is shown here only for completeness.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 7.1 - Verification• A final step in the buckling analysis is added here as a “best

practices” exercise.

• We have already predicted the expected buckling load and calculated the factor of safety for our expected load. The results so far ONLY t e acto o sa ety o ou e pected oad e esu ts so a Oindicate results as they relate to buckling failure. To this point we can say nothing about how our expected load will affect the stresses and deflections in the structureand deflections in the structure.

• As a final check we will verify that the expected load (10000 lbf) will not cause excessive stresses or deflections before it is reached.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 - Verification14. Review Stresses for 10,000lbf load:

a. Highlight the “Solution” branch under the “St ti St t l” i t (A6)“Static Structural” environment (A6).

b. RMB > Insert > Stress > Equivalent Von Mises Stress.

c. RMB > Insert > Deformation > Total.d. Solve. a.

b.

c.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 7.1 - Verification• A quick check of the stress results shows the model as loaded is well

within the mechanical limits of the material being used (Engineering Data shows compressive yield = 36 259 psi)Data shows compressive yield = 36,259 psi).

• As stated, this is not a required step in a buckling analysis but should be regarded as good engineering practice.




Workshop 8.1

Results ProcessingResults Processing



WS8.1: Results Processing

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 8.1 - Goals• In this workshop a high pressure vent assembly is analyzed for

stress and deflection. S f f ff f• Some of the results from the analysis will be difficult to interpret if all bodies are active during postprocessing. Our goal is to isolate parts of the model and use some of the advanced Workbench-Mechanical features for postprocessing.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 8.1 - Assumptions• We will assume that gas is being vented through the inlet pipe into

the expansion chamber. Inside the chamber the pressure drops to 20% of the inlet pressure20% of the inlet pressure.

• The expansion chamber is rigidly mounted to the inlet thus we will leave this contact region defined as bonded.

• The support bracket allows limited movement to the pipe so no separation contact will be used here.

See the contact description on the next page– See the contact description on the next page.• The inlet pipe and bracket are modeled using structural steel while

the expansion chamber is Polyethylene.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 8.1 – Part/Contact Description

Expansion Chamber

Bonded Contact

Chamber

Support Bracket

No Separation Contact

Inlet PipeInlet Pipe









Workshop Supplement… Workshop 8.1 – Project Schematic1. From the Toolbox double click

“Static Structural” to create a new systemsystem.

1.

2. Double click “Engineering Data” g gto access material properties.

2.

3. From “General Materials” Click the ‘+’ next to “Polyethylene” to add this material to the currentadd this material to the current system.



3.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 – Project Schematic4. “Return to Project”.

4

5 RMB the geometry cell and “Import

4.

5. RMB the geometry cell and “Import Geometry” and browse to “Pressure_System.x_t”. 5.

6. Double click the “Model” cell to open the Mechanical application. 6.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 8.1 - Preprocessing7. Set the working unit system:

• “Units > Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA)”.

8. Change materials on the expansion chamber:

7.

a. Highlight the part in the tree.b. In the detail window click in the material field and

change the material assignment to Polyethylene.change the material assignment to Polyethylene.

a.

b.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 – Preprocessing9. Modify the bracket to pipe contact behavior:

a. Highlight “Contact Region 2” in the Connections branch.b. In the details window change the contact “Type” to “No Separation”.

a.

bb.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 8.1 - Environment10. Apply the pressure load to the pipe:

a. Highlight the “Static Structural (A5) branchbranch.

b. Select the 5 interior surfaces of the pipe (hint :use Extend to limits).

c. “RMB > Insert > Pressure”. a.c. RMB > Insert > Pressure .d. Enter a magnitude of 1MPa

b.c.

d.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 - Environment11. Apply the pressure load to the expansion chamber:

a. Select the 3 interior surfaces of the expansion chamber. N t i th l ti l th t t b d th CTRL k ill i lif thi l ti• Note : using the selection planes, the status bar and the CTRL key will simplify this selection.

• Alternately select the expansion chamber and “RMB > Hide All Other Bodies”.

b. RMB > Insert > Pressure.E “M i d ” f 0 2MPc. Enter a “Magnitude” of 0.2MPa.

b.

a.

c.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 - Environment12. Apply constraints to the pipe:

a. Select the end surface of the pipe.S

a.– “RMB > Insert > Fixed Support”.

13. Apply constraints to the bracket pp ymounting hole:a. Select the surface of the cylinder in

the bracket.the bracket.b.“RMB > Insert > Cylindrical Support”

(leave default fixed, fixed, fixed).

a.

b.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 - Environment14. Apply constraints to the bracket

back:S l t th b k f f th b k t

a.

a. Select the back face of the bracket.b. “RMB > Insert > Frictionless Support”.

14 Solve the model: b.14. Solve the model:a. Click Solve.

a



a.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 8.1 - Solution16. View Results:

a. Highlight the “Solution” branch (A6).b. RMB > Insert > Stress > Equivalent Von Mises Stress.c. RMB > Insert > Deformation > Total.d. Solve.

a. c.

b.

d.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 8.1 - Results• When the solution is complete, highlight the 2 result objects and view them.

Notice the total deformation plot contains very little detail for the inlet pipe and support bracket parts of the assemblysupport bracket parts of the assembly.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 - Results17. Scope a new total deformation to the expansion chamber:

a. Highlight the “Solution” branch (A6).b. Switch to body select mode and highlight the expansion chamber in the

graphics window.c. “RMB > Insert > Deformation > Total”.

– Repeat insert Stress > Equivalent (von-Mises) Stress.

• Repeat the above steps for the two remaining parts in the model.• Solve again to update the new result objects• Solve again to update the new result objects.

c.a. b.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 - Results• Compare the overall result to the individual ones (as shown below).

Note the increased detail shown in the individually scoped plots.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 - Results18. Add a section plane:

a. Select the stresses scoped to the expansion chamber then reorient the d l t l k i t th Z i h b lmodel to look into the Z axis as shown below.

• Note : the triad at the bottom of the screen can be convenient to reorient the model.

b. Click on the “New Section Plane” icon and hold down the left mouse b tt d d li d th t f th l tbutton and draw a line down the center of the plot.

• Note: A “Section Planes” box is now inserted showing all of the section planes defined.

a

b. New Section Plane

Delete Section Planea. Delete Section Plane

Sh Wh lShow Whole Elements




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 - Results– Rotate the model to view the section plane.

– By Highlighting the section plane and clicking on one of the dashed lines on either end of the handle that appears you can activate the result plot on either side of the sectionof the handle that appears, you can activate the result plot on either side of the section plane. Note the dashed line then becomes solid. This is a toggle control.

– The blue square at the center of the handle allows the plane to be “dragged”.



Handle


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 8.1 – Section Plane Notes• You may create as many section planes as

desired and each can be edited individually. This can be useful for things like plotting a quartercan be useful for things like plotting a quarter section of a result.

• To hide a Section Plane, uncheck the box next to it in the Section Planes window

• To switch from section plane view back to the exterior view drop down geometry type icon andexterior view, drop down geometry type icon and return to an “exterior” plot. The section plane(s) remains in its current location and can be reactivated whenever desiredreactivated whenever desired.

• Figures which contain section planes will display section planes regardless of the setting of the geometry icon.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 8.1 - Results19. Switch to IsoSurfaces display:

a. Change the plot type from “Slice Planes” to “Exterior” and plot the T t l D f ti lt f th t b k tTotal Deformation result for the support bracket.

b. Next, change to the “IsoSurfaces” display type.

b.

a.




Workshop 9.1

Parameter ManagementParameter Management



WS9.1: Parameter Management

Workshop SupplementWorkshop 9.1 – Goals• Goal:

– Use the Workbench Parameter Manager (available from the )Project page) to setup multiple scenarios and solve all at one

time.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 9.1 – Project Schematic• Open the Project page.• From the Units menu verify:





Workshop SupplementWorkshop 9.1 – Project Schematic1. From the Toolbox double click

“Static Structural” to create a new systemsystem.

1.

2. RMB the geometry cell and “Import Geometry” and browse to “L t”

2.“Lever.x_t”.





3. Double click the “Model” cell to open the Mechanical application.

33.

4. Set the working unit system:• “Units > Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA)”.Units Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA) .

4.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 9.1 - Environment5. Apply constraints to the model (highlight

“Static Structural” branch (A5):a. Select the surface of the large hole.

a.g

b. RMB > Insert > Cylindrical Support.c. In the detail window change the “Tangential”

constraint to “Free”.

d. Highlight the bottom face of the vertical cylinder.e. RMB > Insert > Fixed Support.

b.

e.

c.d.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 9.1 - Environment6. Apply Loads to the model:

a. Select the surface of the smaller hole shown below.b. RMB > Insert > Bearing Load.b. RMB Insert Bearing Load.c. In the Details of “Bearing Load”, switch to the

component method.d. Enter a magnitude of 5000 N in the Y direction. c.e. Toggle the ‘P’ next to “Y Component” to flag the load

as parametric. d.

a.

b.

e.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 9.1 – Boundary Conditions• Highlight the “Static Structural (A5)” branch to review loads and

constraints.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 9.1 – Solution Setup7. Insert Results (highlight

Solution branch (A6):RMB I t St a.a. RMB > Insert > Stress > Equivalent (von Mises).

b. RMB > Insert > Deformation > Total. b.

8. In each result detail, flag the “Maximum” result as a parameter by toggling the “P” on.

8



8.


Workshop SupplementWorkshop 9.1 – Material Parameters9. Return to the Project Schematic and launch

the Engineering Data application:D bl li k th “E i i D t ” ll aa. Double click the “Engineering Data” cell.

10. In Engineering Data click on the parameter

a.

g g pcheck box beside the material property to make them parametric:a Young’s Modulusa. Young s Modulus.b. Density.

a.Note: if the Properties

window is not

b.displayed, go to the

“View” menu and toggle on “Properties”.




Workshop SupplementWorkshop 9.1 – Parameter Management11. Access the Parameter Set:

a. Return to Project.a.

b. Double click “Parameter Set”• As seen below parameter management

incorporates a number of windows. We’ll plook at each separately

b.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 9.1 – Parameter Management• The “Outline” window

contains a list of all parameters (input andparameters (input and output) defined in a project. If charts have been saved they are seen here too.they are seen here too.

• The “Properties” window will contain the details forwill contain the details for the item highlighted in the outline above. Here parameter “P3” has beenparameter P3 has been chosen.

N t d di th• Note, depending on the order you chose parameters your numbers (P1, P2, etc.) may differ from what is



may differ from what is shown.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 9.1 – Parameter Management• The “Table of Design Points” contains a complete list of all parametric

scenarios that have been defined. In figure A only the original parameter values have been defined while figure B shows several design points havevalues have been defined while figure B shows several design points have been defined.

Figure A.



Figure B.


Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 9.1 - Parameters12. Enter values for the bearing load, density and Young’s modulus

as shown below.

12.

13 “U d t All D i P i t ” ill i t t M h i l t t

12.

13. “Update All Design Points” will instruct Mechanical to execute a solve for each scenario in the Design Point table.

13.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 9.1 - Parameters• Once the update process begins a message will appear as shown

here. In fact the Mechanical application window will close during the update process This is normalthe update process. This is normal.

• When the updates are complete the table will show calculated values for all output parameters.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 9.1 - Parameters14. Create a chart showing total

deformation variation for each design point:design point:a. Highlight parameter “P2” in the

Outline.

b. Double click the “Design Points Vs P2” choice in the Toolbox.

a.

b.




Workshop Supplement. . . Workshop 9.1 - Parameters15. Create a chart showing all parameters in parallel:

a. Double click “Parameters Parallel Chart (all)”. a.

Top and bottom pvalues on the chart indicate the range relative to each parameter

Each color coded line on the plot represents one of the design points Individual



Each color coded line on the plot represents one of the design points. Individual parameters are displayed along the bottom of the chart.

Date post:	29-Dec-2015
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