بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

GeneralizedGeneralized

Curvature and Torsion Curvature and Torsion inin

Nonstandard AnalysisNonstandard Analysis

C

B

T

A

86420-2-4-6-8-10

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

-6

86420-2-4-6-8-10

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

-6

86420-2-4-6-8-10

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

-6

86420-2-4-6-8-10

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

-6

a=-6.3 (family of 99 , step 0.12 )

y= a2-12a x+ a2+1

2a

x̂ 2+y 2̂=1

6420-2-4-6-8-10-12

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

6420-2-4-6-8-10-12

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

6420-2-4-6-8-10-12

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

6420-2-4-6-8-10-12

6

4

2

0

-2

-4a=-6 (family of 99 , step 0.12 )

y= 1a x- 1/4a2+1

a

x+y 2̂=1

generalized generalized

Curvature and TorsionCurvature and Torsion inin

Nonstandard AnalysisNonstandard Analysis