11/15/2011

1

cWoog tyf n]vg

lai0f' k|;fb v/]n

!= cWoogsf] k[i7e"ldThe target paradox: The mass movement of young Nepali workers to foreign countries is no cause for pride, given that it only points towards the dismal state of employment generation within the country, by Mahesh Paudyal (kp 10/09/2011), Palpa industries facing shortage of workforce as youths opt for foreign employment (nn 01/09/2011), Half of households have one member abroad: Due to rising unemployment coupled with militant trade unions, workers outflow increases (ht 29/08/2011), Free visa, free visa! Migrant labourers are getting a raw deal. But, apparently, it’s still better than home, by Gaurav K.C. (kp 31/07/2011), Almost four‐lakh Nepalese join foreign jobs last fiscal year (ht 28/07/2011), Cheated migrant workers return home empty handed (nn 26/07/2011) More Nepali workers fallingworkers return home empty‐handed (nn 26/07/2011), More Nepali workers falling prey to cheating agents, by Dinesh Regmi (kp 01/07/2011), 1,300 plus workers off to foreign lands daily (kp 20/06/2011), Billions spend for overseas job: Over Rs 23 billion spent on pre‐departure for overseas job yearly, by Yadav Raj Joshi (ht 23/05/2011), Women cell established to address woes of women migrant workers (nn 19/04/2011), Foreign employment mired in frauds (ht 10/04/2011), 

11/15/2011

2

sflGtk'/ kf]i6 (kp), lxdfno 6fOD; (ht), gful/s b}lgs (rep),Nepalnews.com(nn) nufotsf /fli6«o:t/sf klqsfx? / cgnfOgdf a}b]lzs/f]huf/ / a}b]lzs /f]huf/df /x]sf sfdbf/x?sf jf/]df k|sflzt ;dfrf/ /n]vx?sf dfly pNn]lvt lzif{sx?n] o; If]qdf /x]sf] ;d:of, cj;/ / ;+efjgfsf,hl6ntfx?nfO{ phfu/ u/]sf 5g\ . oL n]vsf lzif{sx?n] g]kfnL sfdbf/x?sf]/f]huf/Lsf] uGtAo / g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsf] dxTjk'0f{ kIfsf ?kdf ljsf; eO/x]sf]a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf jf/]df uxg cWoog / cg';+Gwfg ug{ h?/L 5 eGg] k'li6 u/]sf]5 .

k'jL{ g]kfnsf emfkf, Onfd, kfFry/, tfKn]h'Ë, df]/ª, ;'g;/L, wgs'6f nufotsflhNnfx?sf sfdbf/x?nfO{ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df k7fpg] sfo{df emfkf lhNnfsf]ljtf{df]8 s]Gbsf ?kdf ljsf; eO/x]sf] 5 . oxL ki7elddf ljtf{df]8df /x]sfljtfdf8 sGb|sf ?kdf ljsf; eO/xsf 5 . oxL k[i7e'lddf ljtfdf8df /xsfa}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzfodf ;+nUg ;+:yfx?jf6 ;g\ @)!! sf] ^ dlxgfsf] cjwLdf -hgj/L b]lv h'g;Dd_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf !))) k'?if sfdbf/x? / ;f]xLcjwL s} ;]/f]km]/f]df a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf @)) hgf dlxnf sfdbf/x?sf] jf/]dfcWoog u/L of] k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

@= cWoogsf] ;f/f+z

o; cWoogn] emfkf lhNnfjf6 a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf dlxnf tyf k'?if sfdbf/x?sf]cj:yfsf jf/]df k|ltj]bg tof/ kf/]sf] 5 . h; cGtu{t a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg'kg]{sf/0fx? a}b]lzs /f]huf/kltsf] plgx?sf] aemfO{ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsfx?n] 5gf}6sf/0fx?, ablzs /fhuf/k|ltsf plgx?sf a'emfO, ablzs /fhuf/df uPsfx?n 5gf6u/]sf b]zx?, sfdx?, plgx?sf] lzIffsf] :t/, sfd ug{ uPsfx?sf] pd]/ ;d'x, ;Lk /1fgsf] :t/, cfly{s cj:yf, nufgLsf >f]tx? / hflto ;+Vofsf jf/]df cWoogul/Psf] 5 . To;} u/L a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf k'?ifx?sf] hfltotfsf cfwf/df cfly{s:t/, lzIffsf] :t/, ;Lk / 1fgsf] :t/sf ;fy} nuflgsf >f]tsf] cj:yfsf jf/]dfcWoog ul/Psf] 5 . a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg s] s:tf jLlw / k|lqmofx? cjnDagul/Psf] 5 / To:tf jLlw / k|lqmofsf c;/x? s] s:tf /x]sf 5g eGg] jf/]df ;d]t

] ] ] ] } ]l ]o; cWoogn] ;d]6]sf] 5 . cWoogsf qmddf a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf ;d:ofx? /;dfwfgsf jf/]df ;'emfjx? s] s] x'g ;S5g eGg] jf/]df ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+ucGt/lqmof / 5nkmn u/L :yflgo txjf6 k|fKt ljj/0fx?nfO{ h:tfsf] To:t} o;k|ltj]bgdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

11/15/2011

3

#= cWoogsf] p2]Zo

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] o'jfx?sf lgDglnlvt kIfx?df cWoog u/L k|ltj]bgtof/ ug'{ o; cWoogsf] d'Vo p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 M

-s_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsfx?sf ljleGg kIfx?df cWoog / lain]if0f

-v_ hflto ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ljleGg kIfx?sf] cWoog / lain]if0f

-u_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df b]lvPsf] cfsif{0fsf sf/0f / a'emfO{sf] cWoog / lain]if0f

}-3_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfFbf ckgfO{Psf jLlw / k|lqmofsf] cWoog / lain]if0f

$= cWoog ljwL tyf k|lqmof-s_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf sfdbf/x?sf jf/]df cWoog

-c_ cGt/jftf{-cf_ sfdbf/x?sf] clen]v cWoog-O_ Ohfhtkq glnPsf :yflgo bnfnx?;+u cGt/jftf{ tyf 5nkmn-O_ Ohfhtkq glnPsf :yflgo bnfnx?;u cGt/jftf tyf 5nkmn-O{_ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?;+u 5nkmn tyf cGt/lqmof

-v_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxg]x?sf jf/]df cWooga}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxg] dlxnf tyf k?if sfbf/x/sf] rfxgf, a'emfO{ / k|a[lQsfx?sfjf/]df cWoog ug]{ p2]Zon] plgx?sf] klxrfg u/L plgx?;+u lgDg cg'zf/sf] jLlw k|of]u u/L cWoog ul/Psf] 5 .

-c_ AolQmut cGt/jftf{-c_ olQmut c t/jftf-cf_ ;fd'lxs 5nkmn tyf cGt/lqmof

-u_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf dlxnf tyf k'?if sfdbf/x?sf] ljj/0fsf] ;'l4s/0f / ljleGgkIfx?sf tYofFÍx?sf] tflnlss/0f .

-3_ tYofFÍx?, cGt/jftf{ tyf 5nkmnjf6 k|fKt ljj/0fx?sf] cWoog, lain]z0f / k|ltj]bgn]vg

11/15/2011

4

%= cWoogsf] ;Ldf

o; cWoogdf emfkfsf] ljtf{df]8df /x]sf % j6f a}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzfo;+rfng ug]{ ;+:yfx?sf zfvfx? cGhnL cf]e/l;h d]/fsn Dofgkfj/;rfng ug ;:yfx?sf zfvfx? c hnL cfe/l;h, d/fsn Dofgkfj/,dGh'>L cf]e/l;h, b l/e/ cf]e/l;h / hfgsL cf]e/l;hn] ;g\ @)!! sf]hgj/L b]lv h'g;Dd a}b]lzs /f]huf/df k7fPsf sfdbf/x? dWo]sf ! xhf/k'?if sfdbf/x? / @)) hgf dlxnfx?nfO{ cWoogsf] ;Ldf leq /flvPsf] 5. o; cWoog k|ltj]bgsf] tof/Lsf] ;do ;Ldf !, ;]K6]Da/ @)!! b]lv #),;]K6]Da/ ;Ddsf] Ps dlxgf cjwL /x]sf] 5 .

^= cWoogsf r'gf}tL

a}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzfodf b]lvPsf] 7u k|a[lQ, k|lt:k|wf{, rGbf cft+s, k|x/L k|zf;gn] lbg]u/]sf] si6, a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsfx? ljleGg sf/0fn] kmls{P/ >d sfof{nodf xflnPsfd'2fx?, kmls{Psfx?jf6 a]nfavtdf a}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzfosf ;+rfnsx?dfly ePsf]s6lk6 cj}wflgs ?kdf ojtLx?nfO{ vf8L dnsx?df sfdbf/sf ?kdf k7fpg] sfo{ /s'6lk6, cjwflgs ?kdf o'jtLx?nfO vf8L d'n'sx?df sfdbf/sf ?kdf k7fpg sfo /To;tf Ph]G6x? sfg"gL sf/jfxLdf kl/ h]n k/]sf h:tf ljleGg ljifox?sf sf/0f a}b]lzs/f]huf/ Aojzfo ;+rfng ug]{ ;+:yfx? / dlxnf sfdbf/nfO{ cj}wflgs ?kdf lab]z k7fpg]:yflgo bnfnx?jf6 ;'rgf / ljj/0fx? lng] sfo{ sl7g /xg k'Uof] . AolQmut ;+DaGw /fv]/;"rgf tyf ljj/0f ;+sng ug'{kg]{ / To;sf]nflu nfdf] ;do k|of; ug'{kg]{ sf/0fn] cWoogk|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ a9L ;do / d]xgt vr{g' kg]{ afWotf /x|of] . laif]z u/L a}b]lzs/f]huf/df dlxnfx?nfO{ k7fpg] :yflgo bnfnx? cfˆgf] uf]klgotf e+u x'g] 8/sf sf/0f'ql;t x'g] / ljj/0f g/x]sf] eGb} kG5g] u/]sf sf/0f dlxnfx?sf] ljj/0f k|of{Kt dfqfdf k|fKtx'g ;s]g . k|fKt ljj/0fx? ;d]t k'0f{?kdf To:tf bnfnx?jf6 k|fKt ePsf] xf]Og .cWoogstf{n] a9L dlxnfx? k7fOPsf If]q / ;d'bfodf uP/ :ynut ?kdf ;fdflhscu'jfx?, a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?nfO{ e]6]/ ;+sng u/]sf ljj/0fx? x'g

11/15/2011

5

&= a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf sfdbf/x?sf] ljj/0fsf] tYofÍ / lain]if0f M

-s_ lhNnfut ?kdf a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsfx?sf] tYofÍ / lain]z0fs=! M lhNnfut ?kdf a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x?sf] ;+VofTds tYofÍ / lain]z0f() k|ltzt a}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzfodf /x]sf ;+:yfx?sf zfvfx? lhNnfdf /x]sf

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x?n] ljsNk ;lxt sfdx? / b]zx?sf] 5gf}6 ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf

a}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzfosf zfvfx? :yflgo AolQmx?jf6 ;+rflnt ePsfn] laZjf;lgotfa9]sf]

:yflgo ;+rf/ dfWoddf b}lgs k|sfzg / k|zf/0f x'g] lj1fkgx?n] a}b]lzs /f]huf/k|lt cflif{0f a9]sf]

s=@ M sfd ug{ uPsf] b]zsf cfwf/df tYofÍ / lain]z0f

clwsf+; a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/x?sf] 5gf}6 vf8L d'n's g} /x]sf] 5

ljutdf b]lvPsf] dn]lzof df]x 36]sf] 5 . o;f] xgdf dn]lzofdf g]kfnLljutdf blvPsf dnlzof dfx 36sf 5 . o;f x'g'df dnlzofdf gkfnLsfbf/x?n] kfpg] sd kfl/>dLs, hf]lvdk'0f{ sfd, n'6kf6 / u'08fubL{ /x]sf5g\ . vf8L d'n'ssf] t'ngfdf dn]lzofsf] >d sfg"gk|lt g]kfnLx? ljZj:tgx'g' -;/sf/L n]aLsf] b/ a9L x'g' / >d gLlt kl/jt{g eO/xg'_, :yflktsDkgLx?df eGbf ;xfos pBf]u tyf 3/]n' pBf]ux?df sfd ug'{ kg]{ / tLpBf]ux?sf] ;+rfng ;'lglZrttf gx'g] eO{ y'k|} ;d:of ef]Ug' k/]sf sf/0fdn]lzofklt sd cfslif{t xg yfn]sf] b]lvG5 .dnlzofk|lt sd cfslift x'g yfnsf blvG5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x?df ;j}eGbf a9L #((-#(=( k|ltzt_ k'?ifx?stf/df uPsf] b]lvG5 . ;du|df (#=$ k|ltzt k'?ifx? vf8L d'n'sx?df sfdug{ uPsf] tYofFsn] b]vfPsf] 5 .

11/15/2011

6

s=# M lzIffsf] :t/sf] tYofÍ / lain]z0f

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] k'?ifx?dWo] &)=^ k|ltzt ;fdfGo n]vk9 / ljBfno:t/;Ddsf] cWoog, P;Pn;L !*=% k|ltzt, k|df0fkq tx &=^ k|ltzt, :gfts # k|ltzt / :gfQsf]t/ )=# k|ltzt

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] (=% k|ltzt dlxnfx? lg/If/, @)=% k|ltzt ;fIf/, sIff % ;Dd cWoog u/]sfx?sf] #^=% k|ltzt / sIff % b]lv !) ;DdcWog u/]sfx? @& k|ltzt

a]/f]huf/Lsf sf/0f :gfts / :gfQsf]Q/ u/]sf k'?ifx?klg ;'/Iff uf8{df sfdug{ uPsf] . P;Pn;L kf; u/]sfx? a9L dfqfdf ;'/Iff uf8{df sfdug{ uPsf] / !) sIff eGbf tn cWoog u/]sfx? clwsf+z n]a/ tyf x]Nk/df uPsf] b]lvG5 .blv 5 .

pRr lzIff k9]sf dlxnfx?sf] pkl:ylt gb]lvg'sf sf/0fx?df plgx?sf] cfly{s cj:yf, k/Dk/fut dfGotfx?, ljjfx ug{ ;xh / cGo dlxnfx?sf] eGbf g]kfndf g} /f]huf/sf a9L cj;/x?

s=$ M pd]/ ;d'xsf cfwf/df tYofÍ / lain]z0f

k'?if sfdbf/x?df @) b]lv @@ aif{sf $) k|ltzt, @# b]lv @% aif{sf #*=@ k|ltzt .@% aif{ eGbf sd pd]/ ;d'xsf k'?ifx? &*=@ k|ltzt 5g eg] ;f]xL pd]/sf dlxnfx?$!=% k|ltzt dfq 5g\ .

#) aif{ eGbf dflysf k?ifx?sf] ;+Vof $ kltzt /x]sf]df ;f]xL pd]/sf dlxnfx?sf]#) aif eGbf dflysf k'?ifx?sf ;Vof $ k|ltzt /xsfdf ;fxL pd/sf dlxnfx?sf;+Vof @#=% k|ltzt 5 eg] #% aif{ eGbf dfly k'?ifx? z'Go /x]sf]df ;f]xL pd]/sf dlxnf^ k|ltzt 5g\ . cWoogdf $@ aif{;Ddsf dlxnfx? a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf] b]lvPsf] 5

s=% M cfly{s cj:yfsf cfwf/df tYofÍ / lain]z0f

k'?ifx?df ;fdfGotof vfg nfpg k'Ug] sfdbf/x? a9Ldfqfdf a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]u/]sf] .

cfly{s cj:yfsf cfwf/df a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] dlxnf / k?ifx?df ;d]t 7nf] leGgtfcflys cj:yfsf cfwf/df ablzs /fhuf/df hfg dlxnf / k'? fx?df ;dt 7"nf le gtf5 . vfg nfpg gk'Ug] k'?ifx? #*=& k|ltzt /x]sfdf dlxnfx? ^^=% k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ .

vfg nfpgdfq k'Ug] dlxnfx?sf] ;+Vof ##=% k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvPtf klg o; ;+Vofsf]7"nf] lx:;f aif{e/L d'l:snn] vfg nfpg k'Ug]x? /x]sf] cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 5 .

11/15/2011

7

s=^ M nufgL ug]{ Ifdtfsf cfwf/df tYofÍ / lain]z0f

vfg nfpg k'Ug] ;d'xsf sfdbf/x?n] :yflgo zxsf/L, lalQo ;+:yf, ;d'x /kl/jf/sf cfkmGt jf O{i6ldqjf6 hUuf lwtf] / td;'s u/]/ Aofhb/ @) b]lv #)k|ltztdf C0f lng] u/]sf 5g\ t/ vfg nfpg gk'Ug] sfdbf/x?n] #) b]lv $%k|ltzt;Ddsf] Aofh b/df C0f lng afWo /x]sf] .

^#=@ k|ltzt k'?ifx?n] C0f lnP/ nufgL u/]sf] b]lvG5 eg] dlxnfx?df #$k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cfˆg} nufgLdf hfg] k'?ifx? @*=! k|ltzt /x]sfdfdlxnfx? z'Go 5g\ . ld>[t nufgLdf eg] k'?ifx? *=& k|ltzt /x]sf]df dlxnfx?$* k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ .

dlxnfx?nfO{ :yflgo bnfnx?n] kf;kf]6{ agfpg] vr{ b]lv ;j} vr{ Aoxf]g'{sf;fy} dlxnfsf kl/jf/nfO{ pN6} % xhf/ b]lv @% xhf/;Dd k};f lbP/ a}b]lzs/f]huf/df nu]sf] ;+Vof !* k|ltzt

s=& M a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x?sf] hflto tYofÍ / lain]z0f

k'?ifx?df a|fDx0f If]qLx?sf] $&=% k|ltz b]lvPsf] 5 eg] cflbjf;L hghfltx?sf]#)=% k|ltzt / blntx?sf] (=* k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

dlxnfx?df a|fDx0f If]qL #* % k|ltzt cflbjfzL hghflt #! % k|ltzt /dlxnfx?df a|fDx0f IfqL #*=% k|ltzt, cflbjfzL hghflt #!=% k|ltzt /hg;+Vofsf] t'ngfdf blnt dlxnfx?sf] ;+Vof ;a}eGbf a9L @$=% k|ltztb]lvPsf] 5 .

s=* Mhflto ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ;Lk / bIftfsf] tYofÍ / lain]z0f

o; cWoogn] ;d]6]sf k'?ifx?df #%=^ k|ltzt bIf, %@=# k|ltzt k'0f{?kdf cbIf/ !@=! k|ltzt k'?ifx? cw{ bIf /x]sf 5g\ . bIfx?df a|fDx0f If]qLx? ^!=@$cflbjf;L hghfltx? @% *$ kltzt / blntx?sf] #@ #! kltzt / blntx?cflbjf;L hghfltx? @%=*$ k|ltzt / blntx?sf #@=#! k|ltzt / blntx?!@=)% /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cbIfx?df a|fDx0f If]qLx? $&=(@ k|ltzt, cflbjf;Lhghfltx? !^=( k|ltzt / blntx?sf] ^=# k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

dlxnfx? k'0f{?kdf cbIf /x]sf] cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 5 .

11/15/2011

8

-v_ hfltotfsf] cfwf/df a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf k'?ifx?sf] cWoog ljj/0f

v=! M hfltotfsf cfwf/df cfly{s cj:yfsf] tYofÍ / lain]z0f

vfg gk'Ug]x?df dw]zL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju{ leq &$ k|ltzt, blnt leq %! k|ltzt, cflbjfzL hghflt leq $) k|ltzt / a|fDx0f If]qL leq @^ k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ .

l l ] ] l ]v=@ M hfltotfsf cfwf/df lzIffsf] :t/sf] tYofÍ / lain]z0f

;fwf/0f b]lv !) sIff;Dd z}lIfs :t/ x'g]x?df dw]zL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju{ leq*(=#% blnt leq &(=^) k|ltzt, cflbjfzL hghflt leq *!=#) k|ltzt / a|fDx0f If]qLleq %&=)% k|ltzt

P;Pn;L kf; u/]sf dw]zL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju{ leq ^=%^ blnt leq !%=#) k|ltzt, cflbjfzL hghflt leq !#=*) k|ltzt / a|fDx0f If]qL leq @%=%^ k|ltzt

kdf0fkq tx;Dd cWoog u/]sf dw]zL yf? dl:nd / lk58fju{ leq @ $^ kltzt blntk|df0fkq tx;Dd cWoog u/sf dwzL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju leq @=$^ k|ltzt, blntleq $=)* k|ltzt, cflbjfzL hghflt leq $=@% k|ltzt / a|fDx0f If]qL leq !!=&* k|ltzt

:gfts txsf dw]zL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju{ leq !=^# blnt leq !=)@ k|ltzt, cflbjfzL hghflt leq )=^% k|ltzt / a|fDx0f If]qL leq %=@& k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ . :gftsf]Q/df a|fDx0f If]qL leqsf dfq /x]sf 5g\ .

v=# M hfltotfsf] cfwf/df ;Lk / bIftfsf] tYofÍ / lain]z0f

cbIf sfdbf/x?dWo] dw]zL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju{ leq !&=@! blnt leq@%=%! k|ltzt, cflbjfzL hghflt leq #)=!& k|ltzt / a|fDx0f If]qL leq$%=() k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ .

] ] L l l { l ^# !! l lcbIf sfdbf/x?dWo] dw]zL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju{ leq ^#=!! blnt leq^$=@( k|ltzt, cflbjfzL hghflt leq %%=$) k|ltzt / a|fDx0f If]qL leq$%=)% k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ .

v=$M hflto ;+Vofdf nufgLsf] cj:yfsf] tYofÍ / lain]z0f

C0f lnP/ uPsfdWo] dw]zL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju{sf *(=#$ k|ltztn],blntx? leq &!=$ k|ltzt, cflbjf;L hghftLx? leq ^(=!* k|ltzt /a|fDx0f If]qL leq %)=(% /x]sf 5g .x % (% x 5 \

cfˆg} nufgLdf ug]{x?df dw]zL, yf?, d'l:nd / lk58fju{sf (=)@ k|ltztn],blntx? leq @)=$ k|ltzt, cflbjf;L hghftLx? leq @$=(! k|ltzt /a|fDx0f If]qL leq #^=^# k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ .

11/15/2011

9

u= z}lIfs :t/sf cfwf/df cfly{s :t/ / nufgLsf] cj:yfsf] t'ngfTds ljZn]if0f

k'?ifx?df

sIff !) ;Ddsf] cWoog u/]sf &)=^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df %@=@& k|ltzt vfg] ] ] l ] ]{ l ]gk'Ug] cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] *$=!# k|ltztn] rsf]{ Aofhb/df C0f lnPsf]

b]lvG5 . P;Pn;L;Dd cWoog u/]sf !*=% k|ltzt k'?ifx?dWo] ()=@&k|ltzt vfg k'Ug] cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] ^(=@ k|ltztn] cfˆg} nufgL /!(=$% k|ltztn]dfq C0flnP/ uPsf] b]lvG5 . k|df0fkq tx;Dd cWoog u/]sf&=^ k|ltzt k'?ifx?df ;j} vfg k'Ug] cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] ^!=*% k|ltztn]cfˆg} nufgL / #%=%@ k|ltztn] s]xL C0f lnPsf] b]lvG5 . :gfts tx;DdcWoog u/]sfx? vfg nfpg kUg] cj:yfdf b]lvG5g eg] !) kltztn] s]xLcWoog u/sfx? vfg nfpg k'Ug cj:yfdf blvG5g eg !) k|ltztn sxLC0f lnP/ / () k|ltztn] cfˆg} nufgL u/]sf] b]lvG5 . )=# k|ltzt ;+Vofdf/x]sf :gftsf]Q/ tx;Dd cWoog u/]sfx?sf] k'0f{?kdf cfˆg} nufgLdf uPsf]tYofFsn] b]vfPsf] 5 .

dlxnf sfdbf/sf] z}lIfs :t/sf cfwf/df cfly{s :t/ / nufgLsf] cj:yfsf] t'ngfTdsljZn]if0f

(=% k|ltzt lg/If/ dlxnfx? dWo] ($=&$ k|ltzt dlxnfx? vfg gk'Ug] / %&=*(k|ltztn] C0f lnP/ / #^=*$ k|ltztnfO{ :yflgo bnfnx?n] cltl/Qm k};f lbPsf]]lb]lvG5 .

@)=% k|ltzt ;fIf/ /x]sfdf *%=#& k|ltzt vfg gk'Ug] / #(=@ k|ltztn] C0f lnP/,#$=!% k|ltzt ld>[t nufgL / @^=*# k|ltztn] :yflgo bnfnaf6 cltl/Qm k};flnPsf 5g\ .

sIff % ;Dd cWoog u/]sf #^=% k|ltzt /x]sf]df &*=)* k|ltzt vfg gk'Ug] / #%=^@k|ltztn] C0f lnP/, $@=$& k|ltztn] s]xLdfqfdf C0f, @!=(! k|ltztn] :yflgobnfnx?af6 cltl/Qm k};f lnPsf] b]lvG5 .

sIff !) ;Dd cWoog u/]sf @& k|ltzt /x]sf]df $@=%( k|ltzt vfg gk'Ug] cj:yfsf/ @%=(# k|ltztn] C0f lnP/, &)=#& k|ltztn] s]xLdfqfdf C0f, #=& k|ltztn]:yflgo bnfnx?af6 cltl/Qm k};f lnPsf] b]lvG5 . To;} u/L P;Pn;L;Dd cWoogu/]sf ^=% k|ltzt /x]sfdf ;j} vfg k'Ug] cj:yfdf /x]sfdf (@=#! k|ltzt ld>[tnufgL / &=^( k|ltztn] dfq C0f lnPsf] b]lvG5 .

11/15/2011

10

&= cWoogjf6 k|fKt cGo ljj/0fx?sf] ;f/f+z

-s_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxg] o'jfx?sf] a}b]lzs /f]huf/k|ltsf] a'emfO{, k|lqmof / hfg] sf/0fx?

-c_ aemfO{ M-c_ a'emfO M

>dsf] d'No Hofbf kfOg] . Psd'i7 k"FhL lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsg] / g]kfnkmls{P/ s]xL Aojzfo ug{ ;lsg] .

sfd / sfd ug]{ ;dosf] lglZrttf

g]kfndf eGbf lab]zdf sfd ug{ ;lhnf] eGg] 7DofO{ .

lab]zdf sfd ug{ nfh gxg] .labzdf sfd ug nfh gx'g .

ufFpjf6 a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsfx?sf] ablnPsf] hLjgz}nL .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsfx?sf] a9\bf] ;fdflhs k|lti7f .

cf_ sf/0fx? M

;dfg sf/0fx?

cfˆgf] sdfO{n] vfg gk'Ug] / eljiosf] nflu k'+hL ;+lrt ug{ g;Sg] cj:yfcj:yf

a]/f]huf/L tyf cw{a]/f]huf/L

cfˆgf] / ;Gtfg tyf kl/jf/sf] eljiok|ltsf] lrGtf

g]kfnsf] cl:y/ /fhgLlts tyf cfly{s cj:yfaf6 a9]sf] g}/fZotf

/f]huf/sf] >[hgf gx'g' / lab]zsf] t'ngfdf Go'g kfl/>lds

L ] ] ] ] l LhLjg wfGg] k]zfsf ?kdf /x]sf] s[lif Aojzfo / >djf6 dfq hLjg wfGgg;Sg] cj:yf . k/Dk/fut s[lif k|0fflndf ;'wf/ gx'g' / pTkfbgsf] plrtd'No gkfpg' .

3/of;L bafj / afWotf

11/15/2011

11

km/s tyf lalzi6 sf/0fx?

k'?if M

ax'ljjfxsf sf/0f sfg"gL sf/jfxL x'g] 8/n] d'n'sjf6 knfog

ck/fwjf6 pGdlQm kfpg knfog -lx+;f anTsf/ rf]/L tyf n6kf6 tyfck/fwjf6 pGd'lQm kfpg knfog -lx;f, anTsf/, rf/L tyf n'6kf6 tyf;fdflhs ck/fwdf ;+nUg /x]sfx?_

hflto 4Gb

/fhgLltjf6 g}/fZotf

3/of;L 4Gb -d'Vo?kdf c+zdf emu8f, >Ldlt ;+usf] emu8f_

dlxnf M

klt tyf kl/jf/jf6 x'g] lx+;f / oftgf -s'6lk6, oftgf, ckdfg / b'Ao{jxf/_

kltsf] u}/ lhDa]jf/ / v/fa cfr/0f -cToflws dfbskbfy{ ;]jg, h'jf8], >d gug]{, kl/jf/k|lt j]jf:tf ug]{_

cGt/ hflto ljjfx u/]/ dfO{tLkIfjf6 PlSnPsf tyf kltn] 5f8]/ PSn} ePsf

-O_a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg k|of]u ul/Psf unt tl/sf / k|a[lQx?

pd]/ kl/jt{g

nueu % k|ltzt k'?ifx?n] pd]/ kl/jt{g u/L /fxbfgL lng] ul/Psf] / o;/L pd]/ kl/jt{g ug]{x?df z}lIfs k|df0f kq k]z ug{ gkg]{ n]j/ tyf x]Nk/x?df hfg]x? /x]sf] . dlxnfx?df pd]/ kl/jt{g ug]{ ul/Psf] Tolt b]lvb}g .

:jf:Yo kl/If0f

h;/L klg /f]huf/df hfg] ;f]rn] gSsnL :jf:Yo kl/If0f k|df0f kq tof/ k|a[lQ /x]sf] . o:tf] sfo{df :yflgo a}b]lzs /fhuf/df ;+nUg Ph]G6, ;+:yfx? / :jf:Yo kl/If0f s]Gb|sf] klg ;+nUgtf .

lab]zdf /f]huf/ sDkgLx?n] k"gMkl/If0f u/fpbf v/faL b]lvPsf sf/0f sfdbf/x? kms{g' ] ]k/]sf] .

u+le/ k|s[lQsf /f]ux? / hl6n ;?jf /f]ux? jfx]s cGo /f]uLx?nfO{ !)) 8n/;Dd 3'; lnP/ lab]zdf ;d]t :jf:Yo kl/If0fsf] gSsnL k|df0f kq lbg] u/]sf]

o:tf sf/0faf6 kms{g]x?sf] ;+Vof em08} # b]lv % k|ltzt;Dd x'g] u/]sf]

qmdz=======

11/15/2011

12

kf;kf]6{df kmf]6f] kl/jt{g

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] clwsf+z dlxnfx? dw]zL, ;tf/, dfemL, yf? tyf blntnufotsfdlxnfx?sf] gful/stf g} x'b}g . plgx?sf] kf;kf]6{ aGg g;Sg] x'gfn] bnfnx?n] kf;kf]6{ agfO{lbg] eGb} tL dlxnfx?nfO{ c?sf] kf;kf]6{df kmf]6f] kl/jt{g u/L a}b]lzs /f]huf/dfnfg] ul/Psf] b]lvG5 .

-O{_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x?n] ckgfPsf jLlw / k|lqmof

O{= ! M Ohfhtkqjfnf a}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzfodf ;+nUg ;+:yfx? dfkm{t

O{= @ M efiff / ;Lk l;sfO{ tyf cled'lvs/0f tflnd

dlxnf sfdbf/x? 3/]n' >dsf nfuL hfg] ePsf] x'gfn] plgx?n] tflnd lng] cj:yfz'Gok|fo 5

cled'lvs/0f k|bfos ;+:yfx? sf7df08f}df s]lGb|t /x]sf sf/0f lhNnfx?jf6 a}b]lzs/f]huf/df hfg]x? To:tf cledlvs/0f jf6 alGrt /x]sf 5g ./fhuf/df hfgx? To:tf cled'lvs/0f jf6 alGrt /xsf 5g\ .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf jf/]df k'j{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] lgsfox?sf] cefjsf sf/0f To:tf;'rgfx?df :yflgo Ph]G6x?df lge{/ /xg' kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] 5 .

O{=@ Mlab]zdf uPsf AolQmut ;Dks{df /x]sf AolQmx?n] k7fPsf] k|j]zcf1f dfkm{t

O{=# M:yflgo bnfnx? dfkm{t

-v_ z;:q 4Gbdf ;+nUgx?sf] a}b]lzs /f]huf/df ;+nUgtf

z;:q 4Gbdf ;+nUgx?sf] AolQmut ljj/0f / olsg ;+Vof lbg a}b]lzs/f]huf/ AojzfoLx? tof/ gb]lvP klg plgx?n] o:tf] ;+Vof /x]sf] l:jsf/ u/]/fhuf/ AojzfoLx? tof/ gblvP klg plgx?n o:tf ;Vof /xsf l:jsf/ u/. plgx?sf cg'zf/ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf k'?ifx?df @) k|ltzt ;+Vofz;:q 4Gbdf ;+nUg /x]sfx?sf] /x]sf] 5 . slxn]sfFxL of] ;+Vof tndflyeO/xg] klg plgx?sf] 7DofO{ 5 . k'?ifx?sf] t'ngfdf o:tf dlxnfx?sf] ;+VofHofb} sd /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

11/15/2011

13

*= klxrfg ul/Psf ;d:ofx?

o; cWoogjf6 a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x?sf lgDg cg'zf/sf ;d:ofx?sf]klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 M

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] clwsf+z dlxnfx? cfly{s?kn] sdhf]/ clzlIftablzs /fhuf/df hfg clwsfz dlxnfx? cflys?kn sdhf/, clzlIft,b'vM kfPsfx? / a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf jf/]df 1fg gePsfx? /x]sf 5g\ .plgx?nfO{ :yflgo bnfnx?n] ;lhn} k|nf]egdf kfg{;Sg' 7"nf] ;d:of /r'gf}ltsf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] dlxnfx? bnfndfkm{t hfg] u/]sf sf/0f plgx?cToflws hf]lvddf k/]sf] b]lvG5 . o:tf dlxnfx? bnfnx? //f]huf/bftfx?jf6 of}g zf]if0fdf kg]{ laqmL xg] a]kQf xg] -o; cWoogn]/fhuf/bftfx?jf6 ofg zf f fdf kg, laqmL x'g, akQf x'g -o; cWoogn;d]6]sf # hgf dlxnfx? clxn] klg kl/jf/sf] ;Dks{ jflx/ /x]sf]_, sdHofnfdf sfd ug'{kg]{, zfl/l/s tyf dfgl;s oftgfsf] lzsf/ / aGwsx'g'kg]{ ;d:ofx?jf6 kLl8t /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

qmdz====

;Lk / 1fgsf] Go'g:t/ csf]{ hl6n ;d:ofsf ?kdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .h;sfsf/0f g]kfnL o'jfx?n] ;:tf]df cfˆgf] >d ljqmL ug'{ k/]sf] 5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x? clwsf+zn] C0f lnP/ uPsf] b]lvG5 . rsf]{Aofhb/df lnO{Psf] C0f / plgx?n] kfpg] sd Hofnf r'gf}tL / ;d:ofsf

] ] ]l ]{ l { ] l ] l ^?kdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . rsf]{ Aofhb/df lnO{Psf] C0fsf sf/0f plgx?n] sl/a ^b]lv ( dlxgf;Ddsf] sdfO{ To;}df vr{g' kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df k7fpg] ;+:yfx?sf sfo{x? kf/bzL{ b]lvb}gg\ . a}b]lzs/f]huf/df hfg]x?sf nflu cfPsf] lkm| le;fx?df ;d]t z'Ns lnP/ nluPsf]b]lvG5 . a}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzfodf ;+nUg ;+:yfx?n] /f]huf/df hfg]sfdbf/x?nfO{ lbg] ;'rgf k|f/Eedf cfsif{0fo'Qm ePklg tL ;'rgfx? a9Ldfqfdf unt e]l6Psf 5g . laif]z u/L cf]e/6fO{d kfpg], tna a[l4 x'g], vfg/ a:g kfpg] ljifox? unt x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;+emf}tfdf pNn]v ePklg sdHofnfdf sl7g sfd ug'{kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] 5 .

qmdz===

11/15/2011

14

sd pd]/ ;d'xsf o'jfx? n]a/ / x]Nk/ h:tf sl7g sfddf a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]u/]sf] / s8f >dsf sf/0f plgx?n] sfd ug{ g;s]/ g]kfn kms{g' k/]sf] b]lvG5 .o;/L kms{g]x?df :jf:Yo ;+DaGwL ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] &) k|ltzt sfdbf/x? sd z}lIfs cj:yfsf sf/0fplgx?n] lgDg:t/sf / sl7g -lgdf{0f n]a/ slif tyf kzkfng n]j/ lSng/plgx?n lgDg:t/sf / sl7g -lgdf0f na/, s[lif tyf kz'kfng nj/, lSng/,x]Nk/_ sfdx? dfq kfpg] u/]sf] b]lvof] . h'g >dsf] lx;fan] sl7g / kfl/>ldssf]lx;fan] Hofb}sd -dfl;s g]=?= !) xhf/ b]lv al9df !% xhf/;Dd_ /x]sf] b]lvG5 .h'g plgx?sf] nufgL / >dsf] lx;fan] Hofb} sd 5

vf8L d'n'sdf a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x? cfly{s ?kdf sdhf]/ -aif{e/L vfg gk'Ug]#*=& k|ltzt / d'l:snn] vfg k'Ug] ^!=# k|ltzt_ /x]sf b]lvG5g . s'g} sf/0fn]a}b]lzs /f]huf/jf6 kms{g' k/]df plgx?sf] ;Dk'0f{ k"+hL g} hf]lvddf kg]{ u/]sf]

] ] l ] l { }kfOPsf] 5 . o:tf sf/0fn] To:tf kl/jf/x?sf] cfly{s cj:yf rf}k6 ePsf 5g\ .g]kfndf cfP/ Ifltk'lt{ lngvf]Hbf a}b]lzs /f]huf/do ;+nUg ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf];+/If0fsf nflu /flvPsf u'08fx?sf] hdftjf6 plgx?n] kL6fO{ vfg'kg]{, wDsLAoxf]g'{ kg]{ / k|zf;lgs k|lqmofsf] hl6ntf 7'nf] ;d:of / r'gf}tLsf ?kdf /x]sf] 5

qmdz======

>d P]g @)^$ sf] kl/R5]b– $ sf] bkmf-@@_ df a}b]lzs /f]huf/df sfdbf/n}hfbf :jb]lz ljdfg:ynsf] k|of]u ug'{kg]{ / s'g} sf/0fn] lab]zL ladfg:ynsf]k|of]u ug'{kg]{ ePdf ljefusf] k'j{l:js[lt lng'kg]{ pNn]v 5 . t/, ef/ltoladfg:ynsf] k|of]u ul/ >d l:js[lt glnO{ u}/sfg"gL ?kdf dlxnf sfdbf/x?nfO{l ] ] { l { ] { l {lab]z k7fpg] sfo{ lgjf{w?kdf eO/xbf ;d]t To;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;/sf/k|effjsf/L x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/nfO{ AojzfonfO{ k|a4{g ug{ / ;f] AojzfonfO{ ;'/lIft, Aojl:yt/ dof{lbt agfpg tyf a}b]lzs /f]huf/do hfg] sfdbf/x?sf] xs / lxtsf];+/If0f ug{ sfo{ ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu >d P]g @)^$ sf] kl/R5]b – * df a}b]lzs/f]huf/ k|a4{g af]8{ u7gsf] k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5 . ;f] af]8{df g]kfn ;/sf/n]tf]s]sf $ j6f 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf k|ltlglwx? klg /xg] Aoj:yf 5 . t/,a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] >ldsx?sf jf/]df g]kfndf /x]sf 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3x?u+lEe/ aGg ;ls/x]sf] kfOb}g . plgx?sf ;d:ofx?sf -:jb]z of lab]zdf_ kIfdf6«]8 o'lgogx?sf] sd ;+nUgtf klg ;d:ofsf ?kdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

qmdz===

11/15/2011

15

>d P]g @)^$ sf] kl/R5]b – ^ n] a}b]lzs /f]huf/ sNof0fsf/L sf]ifsf]Aoj:yf u/]sf] 5 . t/, pQm sf]ifdf sfdbf/x?sf] kx'+r k'Ug ;ls/x]sf] 5}g /;f] jf/]df sfdbf/x? cgle1 /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

>d P]g @)^$ sf] kl/R5]b @ pkbkmf-^_ do a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]>d Pg @)^$ sf kl/R5b – @ pkbkmf-^_ do ablzs /fhuf/df hfgsfdbf/nfO{ s'g} ;d:of cfPdf ;dfwfg ug]{ bfloTj g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g]5eGg] pNn]v eP klg g]kfn ;/sf/sf sfo{x? k|efjsf/L x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .h;sf sf/0f s'g} sf/0f d[To' ePsf sfdbf/x?sf] nfz ^ dlxgf;Dd klgNofpg g;Sbf kl/jf/x?df kg]{ dfgl;s lk8fsf] n]vfhf]vf g} ug{ ;lsb}g .o:tf ;+a]bglzn ljifox?df ;d]t ;/sf/n] k|efjsf/L e'ldsf lgjf{x ug{g;Sg nfk/jfxLsf] r/d gdgf ag]sf] 5 eg] cGo ;d:ofx?df ;d]t g]kfng;Sg' nfk/jfxLsf r/d gd'gf agsf 5 eg c o ;d:ofx?df ;dt gkfn;/sf/ lgl:qmo /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

(= lg:sif{ / ;'emfjx?

o; cWoogjf6 k|fKt hfgsf/L / klxrfg ul/Psf ;d:of / r'gf}tLx?sfcfwf/df lgDg ;'emfjx? tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 M

ljkGg ju{sf blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt tyf cGo dlxnfx?df a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf,af/]df hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug{ h?/L 5 .

3/]n' lx+;fdf /x]sf dlxnfx?sf ;d:ofx? k|fo ;xdlt / d]nldnfkdf lgjf/0f ul/g] / kLl8t dlxnfn] bjfjdf To;nfO{ l:jsf/ ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . To;jf6 pTkGg ckdfgaf]w / lxgtfaf]wsf sf/0f klg plgx? a}b]lzs /f]huf/df k7fpg] bnfnx?sf] k|efjdf kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . dlxnfx? a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sf/0fsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 3/]n' lx+;fnfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/df Nofpg h?/L 5 . h;jf6 kLl8t ' "dlxnfn] Gofosf] ;Gt'li6 kfpg ;Sg'kb{5 .

bIf sfdbf/x?sf] pTkfbg u/L a9L kfl/>lds lng ;Sg] agfpg cGt/fli6«o >d ahf/sf] dfu cg'?ksf] ;Lk ;+DalGw tflnd lbg h?/L 5 .

qmdz===

11/15/2011

16

sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yfsf o'jfx?nfO{ a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg ;xh / lagfemGh6 ;:tf] Aofhb/df C0f pknAw u/fpg h?/L 5 . To:tf gLltx?dfb]lvPsf] hl6ntf x6fP/ plgx?sf] kx'+rdf k'¥ofpg' kb{5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/ Aojzf;df ;+nUg ;+:yfx?sf] sfdsf] kf/blz{tf, hjfkmb]lxtf/ plgx?n] k'/f ug'{kg]{ dfkb08x?sf] s8f cg'udg ul/g' kb{5 .

dlxnfx?nfO{ k|nf]egdf kf/]/ cj}wflgs ?kn] a}b]lzs /f]huf/df n}hfg] :yflgobnfnx?sf cj}wflgs sfo{x?sf jf/]df ;'g]sf] jf b]v]sf] cfwf/df g} s8fsf/jfxL ug{ ;Sg] sfg"gsf] lgdf{0f u/L nfu' ug'{ h?/L 5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf sf/0f kLl8t ePsfx?nfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy t'?Gt Gofo /Ifltk'lt{ lbg] ;xh / k|efjsf/L ;+oGq tof/ ulg' kb{5 .' '

qmdz===

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/x?sf kIfdf 6«]8o'lgog dxf;+3x?sf] e"ldsfk|efjsf/L agfOg' kb{5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg k|of]u ul/g] cj}wflgs / unt k|lqmofx?nfO{ x6fpg cg'udg / ;r]tgf clea[l4 ug'{ h?/L 5 . hf]lvddf kg{ ;Sg] ;+efjgf ePsf' [ ' Phflt tyf ;d'bfox?sf] ;xh kx'+r ePsf ;"rgf tyf k/fdz{ s]Gb|x? tof/ ug'{ kb{5 . cled'lvs/0f tflnd lbg] ;+:yfx?nfO{ lhNnf tx;Dd n}hfg'sf ;fy} clgjfo{ cled'lvs/0f tflnd ;+rfng ul/g' kb{5 . cled'lvs/0f tflndnfO{ k'j{cled'lvs/0fsf ?kdf ;d]t ;+rfngdf Nofpg] ;+oGq tof/ ug'{ kb{5 .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/k|lt ;/sf/sf k|of;x? k|efjsf/L b]lvPsf 5}gg\ . t;y{, o; If]qsf] ;d:ofsf] ;+j]bglzntfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ u}/;/sf/L If]qjf6 ;d]t k|efjsf/L x:tIf]k u/L a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf ljleGg kIfsf] ;'wf/df ;/sf/nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' cfjZos 5 .

qmdz===

11/15/2011

17

g]kfnL o'jfx?sf] a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] uGtAosf ?kdf /x]sf d'n'sx?dfg]kfn ;/sf/sf] >d ;xr/L /fVg' kb{5 / a}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsfg]kflnx?;+u ;xh ;dGjo ug{;Sg' kb{5 .

>d P]gdf pNn]v ePsf k|fjwfgx?nfO{ Aojxfl/s ?kdf nfu' ug{,P]gn] lbPsf] sfdbf/x?sf] clwsf/df plgx?sf] kx'+r clea[l4 ug{tyf b08 ;+hfosf] sfof{GjognfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg 6«]8o'lgogdxf;+3x? / u};;x?sf] e'ldsf clea[l4 ug'{ h?/L 5 .

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