cybercrime.pptx

7/15/2019 cybercrime.pptx

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Patricia aldana


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Halder and Jaishankar (2011) defines Cybercrimesas: "Offences that are committed against individualsor groups of individuals with a criminal motive tointentionally harm the reputation of the victim orcause physical or mental harm to the victim directlyor indirectly, using modern telecommunicationnetworks such as Internet (Chat rooms, emails,notice boards and groups) and mobile phones(SMS/MMS)".


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Most of these crimes are not new. Criminalssimply devise different ways to undertake

standard criminal activities such as fraud, theft,

blackmail, forgery, and embezzlement using the

new medium, often involving the Internet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thefthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackmailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackmailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thefthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraud


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SOME THOUGHTS ABOUT CYBER CRIME

"The modern thief can steal more with a computerthan with a gun. Tomorrow's terrorist may be able to

do more damage with a keyboard than with a bomb".

National Research Council, "Computers at Risk",1991.


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Computer used to commit a crime

Child porn, threatening email, assuming someones

identity, sexual harassment, defamation, spam, phishing

Computer as a target of a crime

Viruses, worms, industrial espionage, software piracy,

hacking, DDoS attacks


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Crime againstproperty

Crime againstGovernment

Crime againstpersons


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Cybercrime includes a wide variety of crime

Offences under cyber crime:

Offences against the confidentiality integrity and availability

of computer data and systems

Content-related offences

Copyright-related offences


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Cyber crimes

Hacking

Information

Theft

E-mail

bombing

Salami

attacks

Denial of

Service

attacks

Trojan

attacks


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Credit card frauds. Cyber pornography.

Sale of illegal articles-narcotics, weapons, wildlife.

Online gambling.

Intellectual Property crimes- software piracy,

copyright infringement, trademarks violations,

theft of computer source code.

Email spoofing.

Forgery.

Defamation.

Cyber stalking.

Phishing.

Cyber terrorism.


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Hacking in simple terms means illegal

intrusion into a computer system without

the permission of the computer

owner/user.


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Malicious software that attaches itself to other

software.

Eg:-

(viruses, worms, Trojans, Time bomb,Logic Bomb)


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Spam is the equivalent of physical junk mail and

unsolicited telemarketing phone calls. It has become one

of the largest nuisances to computer users for both home

and business users.


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Email spam targets individual users with direct mail

messages. Email spam lists are often created by

scanning Usenet postings, stealing Internet mailing

lists, or searching the Web for addresses.


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It is technique of pulling out confidential

information from the bank/financial

institutional account holders by deceptive

means.


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Law governing cyber space

Cyber law encompasses laws relating to:

Cyber Crimes

Electronic and Digital Signatures

Intellectual Property

Data Protection and Privacy


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Penal Code: cyber crimes:

207-A Misuse of a database. Penalty not exceeding two years.

107-B Database destruction. Penalty from three to five years.

207-C Misuse of privileged information. Penalty 5-7 years.

Article 154 Crime of violation of privacy

Article 157 Misuse of computer files

Article 181-A Child Pornography

Article 186 Theft aggravated by electronic funds transfer Article 217 Crimes against Copyright

Article 218 Plagiarism and labor market. Modified articles inthe year 2004, Ley N 27459.


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Act N 28493 Law thatregulates the use of unsolicitedcommercial email (SPAM)published on 12.04.05. Spam

is illegal when it does notcontemplate the requirementsestablished in Article No. 6 ofthe Act. (Responsability). Thecompetent authority forviolations is INDECOPI.


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Child Pornography; Penal Code Art. 183-A.

Intelectual Property; Penal Code Art. 216, 217, 218, 219,220.

Apology; Penal Code Art. 316. Defamation; Penal Code Art. 223, 224.

Espionage; Penal Code Art. 331.

Manipulation and/or data falsification; Penal Code Art.

427.


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First Wave (privacy)

Sweden (1973) ; USA (1974); Federal Republic of German

(1977); Austria, Denmark, France and Norway (1978), etc.

Second Wave (property)

Italy (1978); UK (1981,1990); USA (1980s); Canada andDenmark (1985), etc.

Third Wave (intellectual property)

Convention on Cybercrime

Ensuring that countries adopt procedural laws. Harmonizing national cybercrime law.


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Use anti-virus software and firewalls - keep them up to date

Keep your operating system up to date with critical securityupdates and patches

Don't open emails or attachments from unknown sources

Use hard-to-guess passwords. Dont use words found in adictionary. Remember that password cracking tools exist

Back-up your computer data on disks or CDs often


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Don't share access to your computers with strangers

If you have a wi-fi network, password protect it

Disconnect from the Internet when not in use

Reevaluate your security on a regular basis

Make sure your employees and family members know this infotoo!


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Treat your password like you treat yourtoothbrush. Never give it to anyone else to use,

and change it every few months.

Date post:	29-Oct-2015
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