D1.HCC.CL2.16 Trainee Manual · 2016. 10. 29. · 1.1 Identify soup classifications and standard...

Prepare soups

D1.HCC.CL2.16

Trainee Manual

Prepare soups

D1.HCC.CL2.16

Trainee Manual

Project Base

William Angliss Institute of TAFE 555 La Trobe Street Melbourne 3000 Victoria Telephone: (03) 9606 2111 Facsimile: (03) 9670 1330

Acknowledgements

Project Director: Wayne Crosbie Chief Writer: Alan Hickman Subject Writer: Garry Blackburn Project Manager: Alan Maguire Editor: Jim Irwin DTP/Production: Daniel Chee, Mai Vu, Kaly Quack

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established on 8 August 1967. The Member States of the Association are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam.

The ASEAN Secretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia.

General Information on ASEAN appears online at the ASEAN Website: www.asean.org.

All text is produced by William Angliss Institute of TAFE for the ASEAN Project on “Toolbox Development for Front Office, Food and Beverage Services and Food Production Divisions”.

This publication is supported by the Australian Government’s aid program through the ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Program Phase II (AADCP II).

Copyright: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 2013.

All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to ensure that this publication is free from errors or omissions. However, you should conduct your own enquiries and seek professional advice before relying on any fact, statement or matter contained in this book. The ASEAN Secretariat and William Angliss Institute of TAFE are not responsible for any injury, loss or damage as a result of material included or omitted from this course. Information in this module is current at the time of publication. Time of publication is indicated in the date stamp at the bottom of each page.

Some images appearing in this resource have been purchased from stock photography suppliers Shutterstock and iStockphoto and other third party copyright owners and as such are non-transferable and non-exclusive. Clip arts, font images and illustrations used are from the Microsoft Office Clip Art and Media Library. Some images have been provided by and are the property of William Angliss Institute.

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http://www.asean.org/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en

© ASEAN 2013 Trainee Manual Prepare soups

Table of contents

Introduction to trainee manual ........................................................................................... 1

Unit descriptor................................................................................................................... 3

Assessment matrix ........................................................................................................... 5

Glossary ........................................................................................................................... 7

Element 1: Prepare soups as required for dishes on enterprises menus ........................... 9

Element 2: Store soups to enterprise requirements ........................................................ 25

Element 3: Reconstitute soups for service ...................................................................... 33

Presentation of written work ............................................................................................ 37

Recommended reading ................................................................................................... 39

Trainee evaluation sheet ................................................................................................. 41

Trainee Self-Assessment Checklist ................................................................................. 43


Introduction to trainee manual


1


To the Trainee

Congratulations on joining this course. This Trainee Manual is one part of a ‘toolbox’ which is a resource provided to trainees, trainers and assessors to help you become competent in various areas of your work.

The ‘toolbox’ consists of three elements:

A Trainee Manual for you to read and study at home or in class

A Trainer Guide with Power Point slides to help your Trainer explain the content of the training material and provide class activities to help with practice

An Assessment Manual which provides your Assessor with oral and written questions and other assessment tasks to establish whether or not you have achieved competency.

The first thing you may notice is that this training program and the information you find in the Trainee Manual seems different to the textbooks you have used previously. This is because the method of instruction and examination is different. The method used is called Competency based training (CBT) and Competency based assessment (CBA). CBT and CBA is the training and assessment system chosen by ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations) to train people to work in the tourism and hospitality industry throughout all the ASEAN member states.

What is the CBT and CBA system and why has it been adopted by ASEAN?

CBT is a way of training that concentrates on what a worker can do or is required to do at work. The aim is of the training is to enable trainees to perform tasks and duties at a standard expected by employers. CBT seeks to develop the skills, knowledge and attitudes (or recognise the ones the trainee already possesses) to achieve the required competency standard. ASEAN has adopted the CBT/CBA training system as it is able to produce the type of worker that industry is looking for and this therefore increases trainees chances of obtaining employment.

CBA involves collecting evidence and making a judgement of the extent to which a worker can perform his/her duties at the required competency standard. Where a trainee can already demonstrate a degree of competency, either due to prior training or work experience, a process of ‘Recognition of Prior Learning’ (RPL) is available to trainees to recognise this. Please speak to your trainer about RPL if you think this applies to you.

What is a competency standard?

Competency standards are descriptions of the skills and knowledge required to perform a task or activity at the level of a required standard.

242 competency standards for the tourism and hospitality industries throughout the ASEAN region have been developed to cover all the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to work in the following occupational areas:

Housekeeping

Food Production

Food and Beverage Service


2


Front Office

Travel Agencies

Tour Operations.

All of these competency standards are available for you to look at. In fact you will find a summary of each one at the beginning of each Trainee Manual under the heading ‘Unit Descriptor’. The unit descriptor describes the content of the unit you will be studying in the Trainee Manual and provides a table of contents which are divided up into ‘Elements’ and ‘Performance Criteria”. An element is a description of one aspect of what has to be achieved in the workplace. The ‘Performance Criteria’ below each element details the level of performance that needs to be demonstrated to be declared competent.

There are other components of the competency standard:

Unit Title: statement about what is to be done in the workplace

Unit Number: unique number identifying the particular competency

Nominal hours: number of classroom or practical hours usually needed to complete the competency. We call them ‘nominal’ hours because they can vary e.g. sometimes it will take an individual less time to complete a unit of competency because he/she has prior knowledge or work experience in that area.

The final heading you will see before you start reading the Trainee Manual is the ‘Assessment Matrix’. Competency based assessment requires trainees to be assessed in at least 2 – 3 different ways, one of which must be practical. This section outlines three ways assessment can be carried out and includes work projects, written questions and oral questions. The matrix is designed to show you which performance criteria will be assessed and how they will be assessed. Your trainer and/or assessor may also use other assessment methods including ‘Observation Checklist’ and ‘Third Party Statement’. An observation checklist is a way of recording how you perform at work and a third party statement is a statement by a supervisor or employer about the degree of competence they believe you have achieved. This can be based on observing your workplace performance, inspecting your work or gaining feedback from fellow workers.

Your trainer and/or assessor may use other methods to assess you such as:

Journals

Oral presentations

Role plays

Log books

Group projects

Practical demonstrations.

Remember your trainer is there to help you succeed and become competent. Please feel free to ask him or her for more explanation of what you have just read and of what is expected from you and best wishes for your future studies and future career in tourism and hospitality.

Unit descriptor


3

Unit descriptor

Prepare soups

This unit deals with the skills and knowledge required to Prepare soups in a range of settings within the hotel and travel industries workplace context.

Unit Code:

D1.HCC.CL2.16

Nominal Hours:

30 hours

Element 1: Prepare soups as required for dishes on enterprises

menus

Performance Criteria

1.1 Identify soup classifications and standard recipes

1.2 Prepare ingredients appropriate to soup type

1.3 Produce soups to standard enterprise recipes

Element 2: Store soups to enterprise requirements


2.1 Follow enterprise cooling procedures for soups

2.2 Store soups appropriately in correct containers

2.3 Label soups correctly

2.4 Ensure appropriate storage equipment conditions are maintained

2.5 Prepare and maintain correct thawing of frozen soups

2.6 Ensure correct storage of soups after service

Element 3: Reconstitute soups for service


3.1 Follow correct heating of soups to enterprise standards

3.2 Ensure quality of hot holding of soups is to enterprise standards

Unit descriptor

4


Assessment matrix


5

Assessment matrix

Showing mapping of Performance Criteria against Work Projects, Written

Questions and Oral Questions

The Assessment Matrix indicates three of the most common assessment activities your Assessor may use to assess your understanding of the content of this manual and your performance – Work Projects, Written Questions and Oral Questions. It also indicates where you can find the subject content related to these assessment activities in the Trainee Manual (i.e. under which element or performance criteria). As explained in the Introduction, however, the assessors are free to choose which assessment activities are most suitable to best capture evidence of competency as they deem appropriate for individual students.

Work

Projects

Written

Questions

Oral

Questions

Element 1: Prepare soups as required for dishes on enterprises menus


1.1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

1

1.2 Prepare ingredients appropriate to soup type 1.2 8 2

1.3 Produce soups to standard enterprise recipes 1.2 9, 10 3


2.1 Follow enterprise cooling procedures for soups 2.1 11 4

2.2 Store soups appropriately in correct containers 2.2 12 5

2.3 Label soups correctly 2.3 13 6


2.3 14 7


2.3 15 8

2.6 Ensure correct storage of soups after service 2.3 16 9



3.1 17 10


3.2 18 11

Assessment matrix

6


Glossary


7

Glossary

Term Explanation

Accompaniment Something that is served with a dish, on the side

Beurre manié Uncooked flour and butter blended together, used to correct thickening of a liquid

Bisque Name given to French style seafood based soups, thought to have originated from Bay of Biscay

Blend Combining multiple ingredients

Borsht Beetroot soup from north eastern European countries, hot and cold versions abound, bright purple red in colour

Bouillabaisse Name given to seafood soup from Mediterranean region of France

Bouillon Beef or chicken stock that has not been clarified

Broth Name given to a flavoured thin edible liquid by base ingredient; for example chicken broth with vegetable and small meat pieces

Chinois Cone strainer used to strain solids from liquids

Consistency Thickness of a mixture or soup

Consume Clarified, clear stock that is served as a soup

Controlled atmosphere where the temperature is at a set level, either cold under refrigeration or held at hot temperature above 60ºC

Convenience products Something that is pre prepared for ease of use

Crouton Dried or fried seasoned bread used as garnish for some soups

Emulsification Combining of 2 normally separate ingredients, oil and water

Estouffade French name for brown stock from beef

Filter Paper Paper replacement to muslin cloth, shaped to fit into chinois, conical shape, so solids can be trapped when filtering stocks

Fonds blanc French name for white stock

Glossary

8


Term Explanation

Fonds de gibier French name for game stock

Fonds de Legumes French name for vegetable stock

Fonds de Poisson French name for Fish Stock

Fonds de volaille French name for chicken stock

Garnish Decoration of a dish

Glace de viande French name for meat glaze

Glace de volaille French name for chicken stock

Liaison Egg and cream mixture used to thicken sauces off the heat

Mouli A machine that is hand turned, used to puree solids

Puree Food that is pulped by food processor, thick liquidised food

Roux Mixture of cooked flour and fat, used to thicken liquids

Simmer Slow boiling

Skim To remove from the top

Soup Liquid food, can be clear liquids with solid ingredients, can be well cooked solids liquidised to form interesting dish. Soup must be thin enough to run, if too thick it might be classified as a stew

Starch Found in vegetable matter, when heat is applied in liquid, swells and hold liquid in suspension

Stock Pots Special pots used to make stocks, some have taps near the bottom allow liquid to be drained off so weight is decreased before they are emptied

Stock Powder Flavoured convenience product to replace fresh stocks

Tureen Serviceware dish used to serve soup at the dining table



9

Element 1:

Prepare soups as required for dishes

on enterprises menus

1.1 Identify soup classifications and standard

recipes

Introduction

Soups

A soup is a flavoured liquid eaten with a spoon and is usually served as an entrée.

Can be served as:

Cocktail party food (in shot glasses)

Appetiser (commonly served in espresso cups)

Main course

Dessert

For breakfast.

It is usually named after the main ingredient. For example: Pumpkin Soup.

Soups can be served:

Hot or cold

Clear or stew like

Thick or thin.

Soup can be served any time of the day.

It can be small snack type serve or it can be a main meal in itself

Thickening agents used in soup production:

Roux

Rice

Pasta

Vegetable puree

Potato

Pulses or beans.


10


Classification of Soups

Classification Made with Example

Clear Clarified stock consommé

Broth Stock, vegetables and meat or poultry

French onion, Minestrone

Puree Stock and vegetables or pulses Pea, Pumpkin

Cream Veloute base finished with cream Cream of Mushroom,

Cream of Chicken

Bisque Shellfish thickened with ground rice or a roux

Lobster bisque, Chowder

Cold Any variation of the above Vichyssoise(creamy leek & potato)

Gazpacho

Speciality Soups

Soup General Description

Shark fin Clear soup made from dried shark fin

Beer Thick soup made with beer spices

Consommé with gold leaf Consommé with high gelatine content, served chilled as a light jelly.

Bouillabaisse A fish and shellfish dish. Traditionally served as a first course of soup followed by the fish pieces as the main course.

Fruit soup For example, melon puree



11

National Soups

Soup Main Ingredient Country

Goulash Meat, paprika Hungary

Cock-a-leekie Leek, chicken. Traditionally served with stewed prunes.

Scotland

Kangaroo tail Kangaroo Australia

Minestrone Vegetables, pasta Italy

Gazpacho Tomato, cucumber, capsicum Spain

French onion Onions, stock France

Miso Dried fish, soy bean paste Japan

Laksa Coconut, fish, chilli, noodles Malaysia

Taharoa Cream, shellfish New Zealand


12



Introduction

Clear soup: Consommé

A clear soup is made by taking a well flavoured stock and clarifying that stock so only a clear liquids remains.

To clarify a stock is to remove all impurities that might be in the stock in form of small particles of flesh or congealed blood.

The method of clarifying is simple. Trap the particles in a bonding of protein:

Take egg white and mix with a small portion of very lean mince meat, aromatics are normally added to this mix like sauté onions, carrots. Mix eggwhite thoroughly into meat mixture and place into cold stock

Bring slowly to the boil. While the mixture is coming to the boil do not disturb or stir the mixture. As the liquid heats up all the protein will bond together and float to the top as a raft. As a raft floats on water so will this meat raft float

Do not allow liquid to boil rapidly as this may cause the raft to break up and contaminate the liquid

The object is to allow the meat to cook to extract as much food value and flavour as possible from the ingredients

The impurities will become trapped in the congealed protein structure of the egg white and minced meat and this is how the liquid becomes clear.

This clear liquid is now served as a consommé.

Broths

All cultures would have a broth style soup in their culinary culture.

Broths are the simplest of soups to make in that very little other processing needs to be carried out on the food. Simplest is to place all things in pot and simmer until all is cooked.

Problems that arise is that some ingredients may need to cook more than others and some need to cook less.

In a broth all ingredients should still be identifiable when cooked. To overcome the fact that some ingredients might cook quicker than others ingredients are placed into the pot at different stages of cooking.

Puree

Ingredients are cooked in quality stock to a point where they are very soft and then put through a food processor to liquidise all ingredients.

Fluidity is adjusted with more liquid or gentler simmering to allow for reduction in liquid.



13

Cream soups

These soups are generally starch thickened and have a portion of cream add at the end of the cooking process just before the soup is served.

The cream adds a smooth richness to the flavour of the soup.

Bisque

Bisque is a seafood style of soup that is of French origin. There are many seafood style soups that evolved from cooking scraps of flesh and body shells of crustacean from the days catch:

Bisque from Bay of Biscay in Northern France.

The flavour is extracted from the shell of the crustacean then adding extra after the base flavour is achieved. Flour can be used to thicken liquid.

Variation is American chowders that can have milk added as part of the liquid used that give a creamy consistency without adding cream.

Cold soups

Some soups like leek and potato soup which is served hot in winter time has a summertime version that is served cold as Vichyssoise.

Summer version may be thinner in nature but is essentially the same ingredients.

Gazpachio is another summer soup served cold and in the winter as tomato and vegetable soup.

Summer version may be a little thinner and slightly more acidic but all other ingredients would be same.

Ingredient preparation

Ingredient preparation will vary recipe to recipe.

All ingredients will have to be prepared in some way similar to the following:

Vegetables washed

Cut to specific requirements

Meats may have to be cut and blanched, and or sautéed

Bean or legumes soaked prior to cooking

Noodles softened prior to addition.

The execution of any plan is defined by how well the plan is written. A recipe is just a plan on how to cook food.

If the recipe does not include all steps and procedures then it is not a good recipe.

A good recipe will describe exactly how the ingredients are to be prepared to meet the requirements of the dish.


14



Introduction

A standard recipe is a recipe that produces a set amount of product.

Normally it would be sufficient for 10 people but for training purposes, smaller volume has been elected to be sufficient to assess ability to follow set process.

Most of the selected recipes will produce approximately 400mil soup; 2 to 3 serves

Standard entrée serve size is 200 to 250 mil.

Soup restaurants might serve 400ml as they only expect to sell one course.

Vietnamese pho dishes tend to be close to 500ml but wonton soup as small as 200ml.

So what is standard size serving? What a wonderful world of soup in which we indulge. Explore.

Beef consommé

Ingredients

1 Egg white

125 g Minced beef

25 g Carrots (finely chopped)

25 g Celery (finely chopped)

5 Peppercorns

1 Bay leaf

1 Thyme sprig

2 Parsley stalks

1 Lt Chicken stock

50 g Onion (thickly sliced)

Method

Mix the egg white, mince beef, carrots, celery, peppercorns, bay leaf, thyme, parsley stalks and 100 ml of cold stock. This mixture is known as a raft and can be mixed in a food processor

Brown onions in a dry pan

Bring remaining beef stock and browned onions to the boil in a pot

Pour in raft mixture and stir in well

Bring to the boil and simmer for 2 hours DO NOT disturb the consommé

Carefully strain through filter paper and skim away any fat

Serve in hot soup bowl, garnished with a brunoise of vegetables.



15

Chicken consommé

Ingredients

1 Egg white

125 g Mince chicken

25 g Carrots (finely chopped)

25 g Celery (finely chopped)

5 Peppercorns

1 Bay leaf

1 Thyme sprig

2 Parsley stalks

1 Lt Chicken stock

50 g Onion (thickly sliced)

Method

Mix the egg white, mince chicken, carrots, celery, peppercorns, bay leaf, thyme, parsley stalks and 100 ml of cold stock. This mixture is known as a raft and can be mixed in a food processor

Brown onions in a dry pan

Bring remaining chicken stock and browned onions to the boil in a pot

Pour in raft mixture and stir in well

Bring to the boil and simmer for 2 hours DO NOT disturb the consommé

Carefully strain through filter paper and skim away any fat

Serve in hot soup bowl, garnished with brunoise of vegetables.


16


Green pea veloute

Ingredients

20 g Butter

100 g Green Peas

20 g Flour

20 g Fresh mint leaves

30 g Onion

500 ml Chicken stock

50 ml Cream

Salt & pepper

Method

Place chicken stock and onion in a pot and bring to the boil, turn down to a simmer

Blanch green peas and mint leaves in chicken stock, refresh

Puree green peas and mint leaves together until smooth, set aside

Make a blond roux with the butter and flour

Remove onion from chicken stock and use the stock to make a veloute

Once the veloute is cooked out add the green pea and mint puree and bring back to the boil, do not cook for too long as the soup will turn brown

Next pass the soup through a Chinois, re-heat, season, add cream and correct the consistency

Serve in a hot soup bowl garnished with deep fried julienne of leek.



17

Cauliflower soup

Ingredients

200 g Cauliflower – roughly chopped

50 g Onion – roughly chopped

2 Bay leaves

Vegetable stock, enough to cover

Pinch Nutmeg

125 ml Milk

Salt & pepper

Method

Sweat onion and cauliflower in a little oil

Add chicken stock to cover the cauliflower and bring to the boil

Simmer until cauliflower and onion are tender

Puree until smooth

Warm the milk with the bay leaves and nutmeg

Remove bay leaves and add to cauliflower puree

Bring back to the boil, season and adjust consistency

Serve in a hot soup bowl garnished with croutons.


18


Cream of mushroom soup

Ingredients

40 g Butter

125 g Mushrooms (finely sliced)

20 g Flour


50 ml Cream

Salt & pepper

Method

Sweat mushrooms in 20 g of butter and put aside

Make a blonde roux with 20 g of butter and flour

Make a veloute, add sweated mushrooms and cook out

Season, add cream and correct the consistency

Serve in a hot soup bowl with an appropriate garnish.



19

Minestrone soup

Ingredients

15 g Butter

15 g Bacon (batons)

1 clove Garlic (crushed)

15 g Onions (paysanne)

15 g Carrots (paysanne)

15 g Cabbage (paysanne)

15 g Celery (paysanne)

15 g Leek (paysanne)

15 g Tomato Paste

500 ml Chicken Stock

15 g Haricot Beans (cooked)

15 g Spaghetti (2cm lengths)

15 g Potato (paysanne)

15 g Tomato concasse

5 g Continental Parsley (roughly chopped)

Salt & pepper

Method

To soak beans place in a bowl and cover with boiling water. Let stand for at least 1 hour

Cook bacon in butter, add garlic, onions, carrots, cabbage, celery & leek and sweat

Stir through tomato paste and sweat slightly

Add stock, bring to the boil and simmer for 20 minutes

Add potato, spaghetti and beans and cook until tender. Skim when needed

Adjust seasoning, stir in parsley and serve in a hot soup bowl.


20


Pumpkin soup

Ingredients

30 g Butter

50 g Onions

200 g Pumpkin

500 ml Chicken Stock

60 g Potatoes

1 sprig Thyme

Salt & pepper

Method

Cut the pumpkin and onions into even sizes and sweat in the butter

Add chopped potatoes and thyme

Just cover the vegetables with stock and set aside remaining stock

Bring to the boil and simmer until the vegetables are tender

Remove thyme stalk, blend the soup to a smooth puree

Re-boil and adjust the consistency with remaining stock if necessary

Season, garnish and serve in a hot soup bowl.



21

Tom yum gai

Portions 2

Ingredients


1 Lemon grass stalk

2 Kaffir lime leaves

2 slices Ginger

40 ml Lime Juice

50 ml Fish Sauce

80g Chicken Thigh diced

6 Coriander leaves

10 g Spring Onion sliced

Method

Bring stock, lemon grass, Kaffir lime leaves and ginger to the boil

Reduce heat and simmer for 5 minutes

Add chicken simmer until chicken is just cooked, about 1 min

Add chilli paste, lime juice and fish sauce, bring back to simmer

Ladle into hot bowls and garnish with coriander and shallots.


22


Work Projects

It is a requirement of this Unit you complete Work Projects as advised by your Trainer.

You must submit documentation, suitable evidence or other relevant proof of completion of the project to your Trainer by the date agreed to.

Student need to present information for the following to their trainer.

1.1 Identify soups by classifications and define standard recipes for each classification:

Choose one recipe for each classification.

1.2. Prepare each soup as required and present for assessment:

Students need to collect all the required ingredients

Assemble the equipment

Process ingredients to recipe requirements.



23

Summary

Prepare soups as required for dishes on enterprises menus

Identify soup classifications and standard recipes

All culture produce soups

Western cooking is based on French cooking with cultural interpretations

Soups from all countries can be classified under this classification system but not all classifications will be done in all culture cooking

Standard recipes will produce a set amount for a set number of serve of a specific size

Professional kitchens base a standard recipe on ten people

This make increasing and decreasing numbers easier.

Prepare ingredients appropriate to soup type

Selecting correct ingredients and processing as required to produce product TRUE to original style

Variations will creep into styles produced in places other than the original cultural area.

Produce soups to standard enterprise recipes

Producing to standard recipe will help to maintain consistency for the customers

Food is an artistic medium and will change over time as do the palates of the consumers

Producing any menu item is going to give changes overtime and standard recipes should reflect these changes.


24




25

Element 2:

Store soups to enterprise

requirements

2.1 Follow enterprise cooling procedures for

soups

Introduction

When cooling soups it is important to apply the 2hour-4 hour rule.

The 2/4 hour rule

Cooling Food

To be observed when preparing large quantities of food to be cooled down and stored before further use.

“A food business must, when cooling cooked potentially hazardous food, cool the food:

a) Within 2 hours – from 60C to 21C; and

b) Within a further 4 hours – from 21C to 5C.” Soups produced from animal products will be high in protein so will need to be cooled rapidly to minimise possibility of bacteria growing to a dangerous level.

Soups thickened with starch are liable to fermentation if kept warm for extended periods.

When cooling product needs to be placed into shallow containers with a wide surface area.

If not rapid cooling equipment is available then the wide shallow containers will allow the heat to dissipate quicker.

Stirring occasionally helps to let the heat out and prevents skins from forming on surface.

When room temperature has been reached the product should be placed into refrigeration until a temperature of 5°C has been recorded.

Then the products can be placed into larger storage containers for better storage.

All products must be labelled with name and date of manufacture.

Soups can be kept fresh in cool environment for up to 3 days, if longer storage is required then freezing is required.


26


2.2 Store soups appropriately in correct

containers

Introduction

All containers that are used for storage of food must be of food grade standard

Stainless steel is best but good quality food grade plastic container are acceptable

Plastic containers must be in good condition with no cracks or scratches

Containers must be able to be sealed easily and securely

Soups can be stored in containers larger than sauces

Soups are best stored in smaller containers

Small containers for soups allows for portions to be removed from controlled environment and heated to serving temperature without too much being wasted

The size of the storage containers will be determined by the rate of usage:

1 litter

5 litters

10 litters

How much sauce is required in a service period

It is the continual reheating and cooling that causes problems with contamination.


Introduction

Labelling of product reduces the possibility of confusion.

Allows for better stock control:

Rotation of stock through storage area.

Name of product

Date of manufacture

Name of person responsible for manufacture

Date of freezing; if frozen

Recommended ‘use by date’

Any allergenic ingredients.

If the product is going to be sold outside of premises then more information is required.



27

2.4 Ensure appropriate storage equipment

conditions are maintained

Introduction

Storage of stocks and sauces

All soups are capable of going ‘off’:

High protein soups are capable of having bacteria growing at an alarming rate

High wet starch products are capable of breeding harmful bacteria if not managed correctly.

Equipment used to store foods:

Containers for food

Refrigeration for maintaining environments below specific temperature.

Facilities where food is prepared also need to be considered in theis equation.

Containers for food storage

Need to be of a washable material

Must be impervious to moisture

Must not be scratched or damaged.

Refrigeration for maintaining environments below

specific temperature

Coolrooms and freezers

Air conditioning for dry storage in high climatic environments.

Regular maintenance of these pieces of equipment are vital for efficient operating

Coolrooms need to operate at 5°C or below

Freezers need to operate at minus 18°C (-18) or below

Dry store need to be kept at 21°C in warmer climates.


28


Extracted from Safe Food Australia: Standard 3.2.2; part 21

This clause includes a general requirement relating to maintaining the food premises, etc., and a more specific requirement for eating and drinking utensils.

21(1) A food business must maintain food premises, fixtures, fittings, equipment, and those parts of vehicles that are used to transport food, in a good state of repair and working order having regard to their use.

Fixtures and fittings have not been specifically defined but they include such items as benches, shelves, sinks, hand washbasins and cupboards, whether permanently fixed in the premises or moveable. They also include light fittings, ventilation ducts, pipes and electric wiring.

Equipment is defined (see page 11) and includes all equipment used in handling food as well as equipment used to clean food premises or equipment:

Examples of equipment used in handling food are refrigerators and coolrooms (including associated motors), bain-marie units, cooking and other processing equipment, and thermometers. Food vending machines are also equipment

Examples of equipment used to clean food premises or equipment are dishwashers, brooms, mops, buckets and hoses.

Food premises, fixtures, fittings and equipment and those parts of vehicles that are used to transport food need to be properly maintained to:

Prevent contamination of food from flaking plaster, paint, timber, broken glass, leaking pipes, etc.

Enable effective cleaning and, if necessary, sanitising

Ensure pests do not gain access to the building or vehicle from holes in ceilings, walls, etc.

Ensure the equipment works as intended.

The clause refers to a ‘good state of repair and working order having regard to their use:

A ‘good state of repair’ means that things are not broken, split, chipped, worn out, etc.

‘Working order’ means that the thing must work. These two matters relate to the use of the premises, fixture, fitting, equipment or vehicle.

For example, if equipment is not being used or is being used (appropriately) for another purpose, it is not required to be in working order, for example a bain-marie unit that no longer operates is being used by the food business to display non-potentially hazardous food.

What is the requirement of the local government Authority in the

area in which you are working?

The Food Safety program will have these requirements contained in it.



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2.5 Prepare and maintain correct thawing of

frozen soups

Introduction

Products that have been frozen need to thaw before they can be used.

Product cannot be left outside of a controlled environment for extended periods of time else bacteria can multiply to dangerous levels.

This high level of bacterial growth can cause adverse reaction in the consumers of this food product.

To minimise bacterial growth control needs to be maintained while food is thawing.

The rate of thawing can be controlled if frozen product is placed in the coolroom and allowed to thaw over period of time; 24 – 48 hours.

Temperature does not rise above 5°C but time is extended, planning needs to be in place for this to happen.

Thawing can take place in a microwave

Process is continuous

Product is stirred during process to quicken rising of temperature.

When product is in a fluid state the temperature raising process is continued rapidly to above 60°C or to the required temperature above.

Thawing is done safely with product thawing in the coolroom.

Thawing is quicker if product if it is frozen in thinner profiles. This means not freezing in ball shapes. Thinner profiles will thaw quicker than thicker profiles.


Introduction

After service

Many problems come from this question. “What do I do with the leftover?”

Answer: throw it away, discard leftover product.

Why?

Less chance of product being contaminated.

Following the principle of the more times something is re-heated, the greater the possibilities of bacteria causing a problem. This is especially so in warmer climates.


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When product is made then it should be portioned into unit sizes that will eliminate problems with re-heated product being left over.

Basic rules to follow:

Do not place left over product on top of fresh product when replenishing supplies

Always place new product into clean container, never into dirty containers

If product has been re-heated for service, discard at end of service period

Never re-heat more product than what is planned to be used

Store in smaller portions to allow for short orders

Normal storage size may be for 20 persons

Allow for production of some smaller sizes of 5 or 10 serves portions.

Rule No.1. Never re-use pre-heated soups.



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Work Projects

It is a requirement of this Unit you complete Work Projects as advised by your Trainer. You must submit documentation, suitable evidence or other relevant proof of completion of the project to your Trainer by the date agreed to.

Students need to provide information to the trainer how their product is to be cared for until required for service

This will be part of the workplan of producing soups to standard recipes

2.1 Cooling procedures:

What is the process that will be employed to cool the soups to meet Food Safety Plan requirements?

2.2. Storage in correct containers:

Outline requirements for quality of the container to be used for storing soups.

2.3. Labelling requirements:

What information needs to be on the label?

What other criteria needs to be met for the label to be effective?


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Summary

Store soups to enterprise requirements

Follow enterprise cooling procedures for soups

All soups must be cooled following the 2 hour four hour rule as outlined in the Food Safety plan that is in operation within the food production business.

tore soups appropriately in correct containers

Containers must be of food grade quality

Container must not have been used to store chemical at any stage

Containers must not be damaged

Containers must be clean

Containers must be able to be sealed

Label soups correctly

Labels must be legible

Name of product

Date of manufacture

Use by date

Name of person who manufactured.

nsure appropriate storage equipment conditions are maintained

Ensure that equipment is maintained and operating as required

Equipment must be capable of storing foods in a condition that will not become detrimental to consumers health.



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Element 3:

Reconstitute soups for service

3.1 Follow correct heating of soups to enterprise

standards

Introduction

Re heating soups

Any soup that needs to be re heated simply needs to be reheated as quickly as possible by taking it to a temperature above 75°c within 1 hour.

A better standard is to bring all soups back to boil, 100ºC when reheating

Starch thickened soups

Starch thickened soup have a high possibility that they will burn when placed back on the heat to be re-heated.

They must be stirred constantly or heated in a steam jacket cooker.

Modern oven ‘multi use’ with steam injection will allow these soups to be reheated in trays in a steam environment.

The burning is when the bottom of the pot becomes too hot for the starch and colouring takes place. If starch thickened soups are to be re-heated over naked flame then they must be stirred regularly to avoid sticking and burning.


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3.2 Ensure quality of hot holding of soups is to

enterprise standards

Introduction

Temperature control

Soups have to be reheated above 75°C to comply with food safety requirements.

Where possible soups should be boiled when reheated to minimise any adverse bacterial activity.

Hot holding

After the soup has been reheated a temperature of more than 60°C must be maintained for the duration of the service period.

Soup is never too hot when it is eaten but that is not an issue. The time it takes for the soup to cool is not enough for the bacteria to grow to dangerous levels.

If the product falls below the 60°C then the 2hour/4 hour rule must be implemented.



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Work Projects

It is a requirement of this Unit you complete Work Projects as advised by your Trainer. You must submit documentation, suitable evidence or other relevant proof of completion of the project to your Trainer by the date agreed to.

Part of the workplan student must be able to supply and qualify the following information

3.1 What procedure will be followed to re-heat the soup to the standard required?

Give the reasons why this particular procedure is to be followed.

3.2. How will the student ensure that the soup can be held to the correct standard required by the enterprise?

Be specific in your instructions

What is the process to be followed when this standard has not been met?

The information in this report will be used in the overall assessment related to the student’s competency in this unit.


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Summary

Reconstitute soups for service

Thawing of frozen soups

Frozen soups need to be thawed in a controlled environment

Containers of frozen soups should be placed into coolroom for a period of time until they become liquid

When they have become liquid they can then be easily heated by placing into a pot and

heating as quickly

ollow correct heating of soups to enterprise standards

Soup must be re-heated to a temperature that will enhance the eating experience and customer satisfaction level of the customer has been satisfied

Food Safety Standards for the re-heating of foods state that foods must be re-heated to a temperature of 75°C. If the soup is reheated to 80°C this is better

The actual temperature will be defined by the food safety plan requirements

Food safety plans are authorised by the Local Government Authorities.

Ensure quality of hot holding of soups is to enterprise standards

Soup must be held above 60°C if being held for more than 4 hours

After that time the soup must be discarded

Equipment used to hold soups ‘hot’ until required need to be maintained and checked on a regular basis to ensure that they are operating as required.

Presentation of written work


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1. Introduction

It is important for students to present carefully prepared written work. Written presentation in industry must be professional in appearance and accurate in content. If students develop good writing skills whilst studying, they are able to easily transfer those skills to the workplace.

2. Style

Students should write in a style that is simple and concise. Short sentences and paragraphs are easier to read and understand. It helps to write a plan and at least one draft of the written work so that the final product will be well organized. The points presented will then follow a logical sequence and be relevant. Students should frequently refer to the question asked, to keep ‘on track’. Teachers recognize and are critical of work that does not answer the question, or is ‘padded’ with irrelevant material. In summary, remember to:

Plan ahead

Be clear and concise

Answer the question

Proofread the final draft.

3. Presenting Written Work

Types of written work

Students may be asked to write:

Short and long reports

Essays

Records of interviews

Questionnaires

Business letters

Resumes.

Format

All written work should be presented on A4 paper, single-sided with a left-hand margin. If work is word-processed, one-and-a-half or double spacing should be used. Handwritten work must be legible and should also be well spaced to allow for ease of reading. New paragraphs should not be indented but should be separated by a space. Pages must be numbered. If headings are also to be numbered, students should use a logical and sequential system of numbering.


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Cover Sheet

All written work should be submitted with a cover sheet stapled to the front that contains:

The student’s name and student number

The name of the class/unit

The due date of the work

The title of the work

The teacher’s name

A signed declaration that the work does not involve plagiarism.

Keeping a Copy

Students must keep a copy of the written work in case it is lost. This rarely happens but it can be disastrous if a copy has not been kept.

Inclusive language

This means language that includes every section of the population. For instance, if a student were to write ‘A nurse is responsible for the patients in her care at all times’ it would be implying that all nurses are female and would be excluding male nurses.

Examples of appropriate language are shown on the right:

Mankind Humankind

Barman/maid Bar attendant

Host/hostess Host

Waiter/waitress Waiter or waiting staff

Recommended reading


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Recommended reading

Aidells.B, Kelly.D; 2001; The Complete Meat Cookbook; Rux Martin/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Applestone. Joshua, Applestone. Jessica, Zissu. Alexandra ;2011;The Butcher's Guide to Well-Raised Meat: How to Buy, Cut, and Cook Great Beef, Lamb, Pork, Poultry, and More; Clarkson Potter

Bailey, Adrian & Ortiz, Elisabeth Lambert; 2003; The book of ingredients, Michael Joseph

Ballard, Carol; 2010; Food safety; Gareth Stevens Publishing

Better Homes & Gardens; 2011; The Ultimate Appetizers Book; Better Homes & Gardens

Blake, Susannah; 2007; 500 Appetizers: The Only Appetizer Cookbook You'll Ever Need; Sellers Publishing

Blake, Susannah; 2010; 500 Soups: The Only Soup Compendium You'll Ever Need; Sellers Publishing

Larsen, Linda Johnson; 2009; Soup Classics: Chowders, Gumbos, Bisques, Broths, Stocks, and Other Delicous Soups; Knack

McMillan, Katie; 2011; Soup of the Day; Weldon Owen

Mitchell, Paulette; 2004; A Beautiful Bowl of Soup; Chronicle Books

QA International; 2009; The Visual Food Lover's Guide: Includes essential information on how to buy, prepare and store over 1,000 types of food; John Wiley & Sons IncSchmidt, Tracy L; 2010; Venison Wisdom Cookbook: 200 Delicious and Easy-to-Make Recipes; Krause Publishing

Sheasby, Anne; 2005; Best Ever Soups: Over 200 Brand New Recipies for Delicious Soups, Broths, Chowders, Bisques, Consommes; Hermes House

Snyder, Carla & Deeds, Meredith; 2008; 300 Sensational Soups; Robert Rose

Stone, Sallie; 2009; Soup Lover’s Cookbook; Create Space Independent Publishing Platform

The Culinary Institute of America (CIA); 2011 (9th edition); The Professional Chef; Wiley

The Culinary Institute of America (CIA); 2014 (4th edition); Techniques of Healthy Cooking;

Wiley

Recommended reading

40


Trainee evaluation sheet


41


Prepare soups

The following statements are about the competency you have just completed.

Please tick the appropriate box Agree Don’t

Know

Do Not

Agree

Does Not

Apply

There was too much in this competency to cover without rushing.

Most of the competency seemed relevant to me.

The competency was at the right level for me.

I got enough help from my trainer.

The amount of activities was sufficient.

The competency allowed me to use my own initiative.

My training was well-organized.

My trainer had time to answer my questions.

I understood how I was going to be assessed.

I was given enough time to practice.

My trainer feedback was useful.

Enough equipment was available and it worked well.

The activities were too hard for me.


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The best things about this unit were:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

The worst things about this unit were:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

The things you should change in this unit are:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Trainee Self-Assessment Checklist


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As an indicator to your Trainer/Assessor of your readiness for assessment in this unit please complete the following and hand to your Trainer/Assessor.

Prepare soups

Yes No*






2.1 Follow enterprise cooling procedures for soups

2.2 Store soups appropriately in correct containers








Statement by Trainee:

I believe I am ready to be assessed on the following as indicated above:

Signed: _____________________________ Date: ______ / ______ / ______

Note:

For all boxes where a No* is ticked, please provide details of the extra steps or work you need to do to become ready for assessment.


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D1.HCC.CL2.16 Trainee Manual · 2016. 10. 29. · 1.1 Identify soup classifications and standard...

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