D2 Bioenergy1 Building Local Community Support in Bioenergy Parlindungan Purba.ppt

7/26/2019 D2 Bioenergy1 Building Local Community Support in Bioenergy Parlindungan Purba.ppt

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Building Local Community Support

in Bioenergy

Parlindungan Purba

[email protected]

Chairman of Committee II, House ofRegional Representative

Bali Clean Energy Forum, 12 February 2016


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Outline

The State of Renewable Energy in the World

The State of Renewable Energy in Indonesia

Prospect and Solutions for BioenergyDevelopment in Indonesia


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THE STATE OF RENEWABLE ENERGYIN THE WORLD


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The State of The World Energy Supply

24.5%

46.2%

16.0%

0.9%

1.8%

10.5%

0.1%

Coal

Oil

Natural Gas

Nuclear

Hydro

Biofuels

Others

28.9%

31.1%

21.4%

4.8%

2.4%10.2%

1.2%

Coal

Oil

Natural Gas

Nuclear

Hydro

Biofuels

Others

1973 2013

Over the last 40 years, there has been a changes in the state of energy supply in

the world as the role of oil as on the world energy supply has been shrinking

Meanwhile, the contribution of coal, natural gas, and nuclear have been growing


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Global New Investment in Renewable

Energy (1)

45

73

112

154

182 178

237

279

256

232

270

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

However, the global investment in Renewable Energy has been growing massively

This shows the trend of the world energy in the future will move to more

renewable energy


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Global New Investment in Renewable

Energy (2)

36

53

83

108121

113

162

190

149135 139

920

29

46

61 6675 89

10797

131

0

20

40

60

80100

120

140

160

180

200

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Developed

Developing

New investment in renewable energy in developing countries has been constantly

increasing

While new investment in developed countries in the last five years has been

decreasing

This shows investment in renewable energy is happening not only in developed

countries but also in developing countries


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The Reason for Changes

Five factors that lead to the growth of newinvestment in renewable energy (ICED, 2013):

Uncertainties in supply of fossil energy create highcost economy

Economies of scale and falling capital equipmentcosts for alternative technologies improving bothyield and efficiency

Legislative action by governments worldwide

Greater public awareness of environmentalconcerns

The Kyoto Protocol


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The Reasons to Discuss

There are for reasons why renewable energy will be a subject todiscuss in the future (ICED, 2013)

Continued global economic growth

Energy supply will be necessary to support sustained economic growth

Continued population growth The worlds population continues to grow and more people will be

living in urban areas -> creating unprecedented energy and land useconcerns

Energy security Political instability in oil producer regions leads to uncertainty in

energy supply -> it needs to find alternative energy supply

Climate change

Threats posed by climate change is raising important question abouthow to achieve sustainable growth


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THE STATE OF RENEWABLE ENERGYIN INDONESIA


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Potential Development of Renewable Energy

NO

ENERGY

RESOURCES

INSTALLED CAPACITY (IC)

RATIO ( )

1 2 3 4 5 = 4/3

1 Hydro 75.000 MW 7.572,00 MW 10,1 %

2 Geothermal 28.910 MW 1.403,50 MW 4,9 %

3 Biomass 32.654 MW 1.717,90 MW 5,4 %

4 Solar 4,80 kWh/m2/day 48,05 MW -

5 Wind 3 6 m/s 1,87 MW -

6 Marine 49 GW ***) 0,01 MW ****) -

7 Nuclear 3.000 MW *) 30,00 MW **) -

NO SECTOR

ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER

SECTOR YEAR 2012 (JUTA

SBM) *)

POTENTIAL ENERGY SAVING

ENERGY SAVING TARGET

BY SECTOR (2025)

1 Industry 305 (39,7% ) 1030% 17%

2 Transportation 311 (40,4% ) 1535% 20%

3 Household 92 (12% ) 1530% 15%

4 Commercial 34 (4,4% ) 1030% 15%

5 Others 26 (3,4% ) 25% -

Sumber: ESDM (2014)


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Projection on Renewable Energy

Diversification

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025 2050

EBT 22 27 32 38 43 49 92 310

Batubara 62 65 69 72 76 84 120 250

Gas 47 51 55 58 62 64 88 240

BBM 84 86 88 89 91 93 100 200

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

JUTATOE


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Projection on Renewable Energy DiversificationPP NO. 79/2014 On National Energy Policy

Energy

Diversification2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025 2045

Oil 39% 37% 36% 35% 34% 32% 25% 21%

Gas 22% 22% 23% 23% 23% 22% 22% 24%

Coal 29% 29% 28% 28% 28% 29% 30% 26%

RE 10% 12% 13% 15% 16% 17% 23% 29%

TOTAL 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%


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Projection on Renewable Energy

Diversification

RE 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025 2045

Geothermal 43% 46% 48% 50% 51% 52% 24% 18%

Bio. Biofuel 29% 26% 24% 22% 21% 20% 26% 23%

Bio. Waste 19% 18% 17% 17% 16% 16% 36% 23%

Hydro 10% 10% 11% 11% 11% 11% 14% 6%

Marine 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1%

Solar 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 6%

Wind 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

New Energy 0% 4% 7% 9% 10% 11% 16% 23%

TOTAL 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%


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PROSPECT AND SOLUTIONS FORBIOENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN

INDONESIA


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Policy on Bioenergy

1. Law No 30 Year 2007 on Energy -> Priority supply and use of renewable

energy, one of them is bioenergy.

2. Presidential Regulation No 5 Year 2006 -> Biofuel target 25% by 2025

3. Presidential Instruction No 1 Year 2006 -> Instructions related to the

Minister, Governor and Mayor to take action in order to accelerate theprovision and utilization of biofuel;

4. Ministry of Energy And Mineral Resources Regulation No.4 Year 2012 and

No. 19 Year 2013 -> Electricity Price (Feed-in Tariff ) for Bioenergy Based

Power Plant (Biomass, Biogas, and Municipal Solid Waste)

5. Ministry of Energy And Mineral Resources Regulation No. 25 Year 2013 ->Biofuel usage mandatory for fossil fuel substitutions on transportation,

industry, and electricity generation as a percentage to fossil fuel

consumption (domestic market creation for biofuel)


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Potential Bioenergy Development


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Bioenergy Mandatory and Projections


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1. Regional Governments will strive to develop local renewable energyto replace conventional energy (fossil). Development of renewable

energy should become part of local energy policy.

2. Regional Government must develop local energy policy (RUED) with

the aim to meet local energy needs in a sustainable, equitable, and

optimal manners.3. Local Energy policy is aimed at ensuring security in the supply and

use of renewable energy for local population.

4. Regional Government needs to develop competent human

resources and the development of research (Research and

Technology) of renewable energy.

5. Setting up the infrastructure and local government regulations to

encourage investment in renewable energy

6. Implementation of local energy policy is directed to improve social

welfare and community development.


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MAPEBHI has recommended the Regional

Governments and Ministry of Forestry to develop the

following forest species for local bioenergy source

1. Akor (Acacia auriculiformis)

2. Mangium (Acacia mangium)

3. Akasia hibrid (Acacia sp.)

4. Kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus)5. Lamtorogung (Leucaena leucocyphalus)

6. Gamal (Gliricydia maculata)

7. Pilang (Acacia leucophloea)8. Weru (Albizia procera)

9. Turi (Sesbania grandiflora)

10.Bamboo : Ater, apus, duri/ori dan petung


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1. Rural Household source of cooking fuel, which canbe modernized to biomass stove (biomass)

2. Electricity generation from various types of biomass

(woodchips, briquettes, pellets)

3. Transportation fuel (Bio methanol, bio-diesel, bio-hydrogen)

4. Industrial catalysts Bio Fuel (Bio Methanol)

5. Power Plant and Industrial Base Metal Metallurgy:

Wood Torrefaction (pellets charcoal)

6. Logistics support for the defense industry/Military/

Police (Bio Diesel / Bio Solar)


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Electricity will have to be prioritized in

least developed regions

If the least developed regions can achieve economic growth of more

than 20%/year, Indonesias national economic growth can

reach8%/yearWorld Bank


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Determinants of Success in Bioenergy

Development underdeveloped regions

Local government commitment to improve

electrification for the local people.

Professional involvement in designing the best

system of biomass supply and the selection of

technology.

The commitment of community leaders in

mobilizing communities to develop local forest

for energy sources.


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Some Policy Recommendations Green banking -> the involvement of financial institutions

services to support bioenergy development Since the production some bioenergy needs land, the

government has to ensure the availability of land to produce

bioenergy -> could create tension with land for food

Incentives for local renewable energy technologymanufacturers and R&D institutions

Speed up the procurement process and the permit process for

renewable energy investment

Revision on Renewable Energy Law to strengthen GovernmentCommitment to diversify fuel mix with renewable energy

sources.

Independent Agency will help monitor and evaluate the

development of Renewable Energy Industry in the country


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A Lesson Learnt from Sweden


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44.1%

40.5%

8.5%

4.0%1.2% 0.8% 0.5% 0.4%

Hidro

Nuklir

Biofuel dan Sampah

Angin

Gas

Batubara

Minyak

Lainnya

Energy Supply for Electricity


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The involvement of companies and industry to support bioenergydevelopment

Central Government is actively involved in providing incentives forbioenergy development

Local governments are responsible to supply electricity for their

regions Every local government established local state-owned enterprise to

supply electricity based on bioenergy especially from waste

In Indonesia, we already have Indonesia regulation framework (LawNo 30 2009 on Electricity)

What has been done by Sweden is not happening overnight, but ithas been initiated since 40 years ago.

Indonesia needs to start implementing soon so we can secureenergy security in the future


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THANK YOU

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